著者

片桐 雅隆 樫村 愛子

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.4, pp.362-365, 2011-03-31 (Released:2013-03-01)

著者

HARUO EZAKI NOBUO TAKEICHI YASUHIKO YOSHIMOTO

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research 編集委員会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.SUPPLEMENT, pp.193-200, 1991 (Released:2006-05-31)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

14 20

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We analysed thyroid cancers which were diagnosed clinically or detected at autopsy during 22 years (1958 to 1979) in a sample of 75, 493 study subjects exposed in Hiroshima belonging to the extended LSS sample of the Radiation Effects Research Foundation. One hundred and twenty-five cases of clinical thyroid cancer (15 in males and 110 in females) were confirmed, giving a crude incidence rate per 100, 000 person-years of 2.7 for males, 12.4 for females and 8.6 for both sexes combined. There was a significant increase of thyroid cancer with increase of atomic bomb radiation dose (thyroid tissue dose based on T65D) in females and in the sexes combined. This tendency was predominant in those exposed at less than 19 years of age. Compared to the control group, the relative risk in the ≥0.50 Gy group was higher at 4.0 for males (not significant) and at 4.3 for females (p <0.01). Latent thyroid cancer was detected in 155 cases or 3.5% (2.5% for males and 4.5% for females) of the 4, 425 cases that came to autopsy during the same period. Compared to the control group, the relative risk in the 50 + rad group was 1.7 for males (not significant), 2.0 for females (p <0.05) and 1.9 for both sexes combined (p <0.05). New data obtained from autopsy cases between 1950 and 1985 have been added.

著者

柴田 義松

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育学会

雑誌

教育学研究 (ISSN:03873161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.198-210, 1959-10-30 (Released:2009-01-13)

参考文献数

44

著者

小林 繁樹 古口 徳雄 大石 博通 和田 政則 宮田 昭宏 中村 弘 八木下 敏志行

出版者

一般社団法人 日本脳卒中の外科学会

雑誌

脳卒中の外科 (ISSN:09145508)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.79-85, 2006 (Released:2008-08-08)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

4 3

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We evaluate the effect of introduction of endovascular treatment with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDC) on the outcome of aged patients (>=70 years old) with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Between 1990 and 2003, 92 aged patients with SAH underwent angiography as candidates for early aggressive treatment in our hospital. In 1990-96 (Group 1), treatment options were early craniotomy surgery, intensively delayed craniotomy surgery and conservative management (n=38), while GDC embolization at an acute stage was added to those 3 treatment options in 1997-2003 (Group 2, n=54). We compared clinical courses and outcomes assessed by Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge between the 2 groups. The percentage of the patients in whom the aneurysm was occluded at an acute stage (early-treated cases) significantly increased from 47% in Group 1 to 76% in Group 2. In the early-treated cases in Group 2, GDC embolization was chosen as the treatment option in 69% of all cases (Grade I-V) and 78% of poor-graded cases (Grade IV-V). The percentage of favorable outcomes (good recovery and moderately disabled in GOS at discharge) significantly increased from 34% in Group 1 to 63% in Group 2 for all cases, and from 53% to 78% for early-treated cases. None of the poor-graded patients had a favorable outcome in Group 1, while 24% did in Group 2. In the early-treated cases in Group 2, the percentage of favorable outcomes did not differ significantly between the aged (>=70 y) and younger patients ( The introduction of GDC embolization expanded the indication of early treatment for aged patients with poor grade and, as a consequence, improved the outcome of those patients.

著者

Indun Dewi Puspita Yoichi Kamagata Michiko Tanaka Kozo Asano Cindy H. Nakatsu

出版者

日本微生物生態学会 / 日本土壌微生物学会 / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / 植物微生物研究会

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.4, pp.356-366, 2012 (Released:2012-12-07)

参考文献数

144

被引用文献数

29 106

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Many strategies have been used to increase the number of bacterial cells that can be grown from environmental samples but cultivation efficiency remains a challenge for microbial ecologists. The difficulty of cultivating a fraction of bacteria in environmental samples can be classified into two non-exclusive categories. Bacterial taxa with no cultivated representatives for which appropriate laboratory conditions necessary for growth are yet to be identified. The other class is cells in a non-dividing state (also known as dormant or viable but not culturable cells) that require the removal or addition of certain factors to re-initiate growth. A number of strategies, from simple to high throughput techniques, are reviewed that have been used to increase the cultivation efficiency of environmental samples. Some of the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the success of these cultivation strategies are described. Overall this review emphasizes the need of researchers to first understand the factors that are hindering cultivation to identify the best strategies to improve cultivation efficiency.

著者

Keisuke Nakayama Masaaki Nakayama Hiroyuki Terawaki Yaeko Murata Toshinobu Sato Masahiro Kohno Sadayoshi Ito

出版者

日本毒性学会

雑誌

The Journal of Toxicological Sciences (ISSN:03881350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.6, pp.699-702, 2009-12-01 (Released:2009-12-01)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

5 9

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Carbonated soft drinks reportedly contain methylglyoxal (MG), which is strongly associated with human carbonyl stress. We sought to evaluate the effects of carbonated drink intake on human carbonyl stress. We measured MG levels in 4 commercial beverage brands, and evaluated the changes in plasma MG in healthy subjects following the intake of carbonated drinks. By 30 min after intake of samples containing high glucose and high MG, the levels of plasma MG, glucose, insulin and uric acid had increased significantly, and then returned to basal levels by 120 min. After intake of the low-calorie carbonated samples containing little MG, there were no increases in plasma MG. Our results suggest that glucose-containing carbonated soft drinks are associated with increases in not only glucose but also carbonyl burden.

著者

野崎 由紀

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本医学図書館協会

雑誌

医学図書館 (ISSN:04452429)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.2, pp.152-156, 2005-06-20 (Released:2011-09-21)

参考文献数

6

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The orientation for new students using the Tokyo Medical University Library was redesigned in 2004. Previously, the Tokyo Medical University Library provided a simple lecture as an orientation for new students.However, the curriculum of Tokyo Medical University was reconsidered in 2000-2001.Thus, the orientation to Tokyo Medical University Library was also redesigned.The redesign was performed using checklists developed by the research group attached to the Japan Association of Private University Libraries.This report describes the results of the redesign and comments on the new orientation to Tokyo Medical University Library.

著者

萬谷 衣加

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.4, pp.199-201, 2006 (Released:2006-07-01)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

中島 輝一 真野 泰成 大内 かおり 佐藤 大輔 岩田 杏子 樋口 安耶 江原 邦明 加藤 芳徳 廣澤 伊織 田島 正教 土屋 文人 山田 治美 小瀧 一 旭 満里子

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.9, pp.599-608, 2012-09-10 (Released:2013-09-12)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

4 17

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We established a pharmaceutical outpatient clinic at the International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital. In the clinic, pharmacists provide mainly pharmaceutical care for cancer outpatients based on prescriptions from a doctor, and then feed back the contents of medication counseling and information about patients to doctors.In this study, we evaluated the role of the pharmaceutical outpatient clinic. From April to July 2011, we investigated retrospectively the contents of feedback from pharmacists to doctors. The contents consisted of three types of information such as medication counseling, history of side effects and allergy, and uneasiness from patients. Most of this information was on side effects. Approximately 42% of uneasiness from patients was about the side effects of chemotherapy. Furthermore, we conducted a questionnaire survey in 62 cancer outpatients that gave informed consent during the period as mentioned above. The results showed that the degree of understanding of drugs on treatment and prevention of the onset of side effects after consultation was markedly improved compared with those before consulting. Many patients (50/62) felt “uneasiness about treatment" and “some uneasiness" before consultation. However, 88.0% (44/50) of them noted that their “anxiety was eased" after consultation. The degree of reduction in uneasiness in patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ breast cancer was larger than that with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ. In conclusion, it is suggested that the clinic may play a role which makes it possible to enable cancer outpatients to participate in medical treatment with ease, in addition to enabling support for doctors.

著者

梅垣 敬三 山田 浩 千葉 剛 中西 朋子 佐藤 陽子 福山 哲

出版者

公益社団法人 日本食品衛生学会

雑誌

食品衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00156426)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.4, pp.282-289, 2013-08-25 (Released:2013-09-12)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 13

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健康食品による健康被害の因果関係評価を視点に,3つの情報源(保健所情報,PIO-NET情報,企業情報)で収集された事例の実態を調べた.保健所情報は約20件/年が収集されており,約40%が医療関係者からの通報で医学的データが含まれていた.PIO-NET情報は約370件/年が収集されており,8割程度が利用者からの通報で,製品名や利用状況などの具体的内容が少なかった.企業情報は利用者からの通報が9割以上で,大部分が苦情に相当する内容であった.保健所情報とPIO-NET情報を,2つの因果関係評価法に試行的に適用したところ,因果関係が確からしいと判断できた事例は少なかった.収集されている被害事例を安全性確保に効果的に活用するためには,健康被害の症状に関して共通の考え方を持ち,収集事例の質と件数を高める取り組みが必要である.

著者

津田 由美子

出版者

日本政治学会

雑誌

年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, pp.41-60, 1994-12-22 (Released:2009-12-21)

著者

上野 栄一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本看護科学学会

雑誌

日本看護科学会誌 (ISSN:02875330)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.2, pp.47-55, 2005-06-20 (Released:2012-10-29)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

4 7

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本研究では, 看護師における患者とのコミュニケーションスキルを測定するための尺度を開発することを目的とした. 54の質問項目を作成後, 看護職 368 名を対象に調査を行い, 有効回答の得られた 355 名に対して分析を実施し, 質問紙の信頼性, 妥当性を検証した. その結果, 最初の質問項目数は 54 項目であったが, 内容妥当性, 相関係数, 共通性の値の検討により精選された質問紙原案 19 項目について因子分析を行った. その結果, 第1因子「情報収集」, 第2因子「話のスムーズさ」, 第3因子「積極的傾聴」, 第4因子「パーソナルスペース・視線交差」, 第5因子「アサーション」の5つの因子が抽出された. 信頼性の検討では, 全体での Cronbach のα係数は0.874と内的整合性の高い値を示し, 本尺度が信頼性の高いものであることが検証された. また, 併存妥当性の検討では, 本尺度と KiSS-18 との間には, 高い有意な相関を示し, 妥当性の高い尺度であることが証明された.以上の結果から, 本尺度は高い信頼性と妥当性のあることが示された.

著者

JIANMING ZOU QUANFU SUN SUMINORI AKIBA YONGLING YUAN YONGRU ZHA ZUFAN TAO LUXIN WEI TSUTOMU SUGAHARA

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research 編集委員会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.SUPPL, pp.S53-S62, 2000 (Released:2001-10-19)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

41

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The main purposes of this study were to identify the major determinants of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in the high-background radiation areas (HBRA) in Yangjiang, China and to evaluate their potential confounding effects on the NPC risk associated with exposure to high background radiation. A matched case-control study was conducted using those who died of NPC during the period 1987-1995. Two controls were randomly selected for each case from those who died from causes other than malignancies and external causes. Cases and their controls were matched with respect to sex and the years of birth and death (±5 years). Study subjects' next-of-kin were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire to collect information on socioeconomic status, dietary habits, tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption, disease history, pesticide use, medical X-ray exposure, the family history of NPC and so on. We succeeded in interviewing 97 cases and 192 controls. Univariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that NPC risk was associated with the consumption of salted fish, homemade pickles, and fermented soy beans, education levels, the history of chronic rhinitis, and the family history of NPC. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that education levels (Odds ratio (OR) for middle school or higher levels vs. no school education=3.8, 95% CI=1.2 to 11.8), salted fish intake (OR=3.2, 95% CI=1.7 to 6.1), the history of chronic rhinitis (OR=3.6, 95% CI=1.3 to 10.1), and the family history of NPC (OR=14.2, 95% CI=2.7 to 73.4) were independent risk factors of NPC. Tobacco smoking (OR=1.2, 95% CI=0.7 to 2.1), and alcohol consumption (OR=0.9, 95% CI=0.5 to 1.9) were not significantly related to NPC risk. The ORs of NPC risk comparing HBRA and a nearby control area before and after adjustment for the major risk determinants identified in the present study were 0.86 (95% CI=0.50 to 1.50) and 0.87 (95% CI=0.45 to 1.67), respectively. Salted fish intake was a strong risk factor of NPC. Education, the history of chronic rhinitis and the family history of NPC were also related to NPC risk. The exposure to high background radiation in HBRA of Yangjiang was not related to NPC risk with or without the adjustment for those major risk determinants of NPC.

著者

小林 恒夫 高久 祐治

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.117-122, 1991 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

13

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Comparisons of natural radiation at the new and the old campus of Fukushima Medical College have been made for three types of measurement: (1) gamma dosimetry using photon-counting thermoluminescent dosimeter; (2) gamma spectrometry using germanium semiconductor detector; (3) measurement of atmospheric radon daughter concentrations using alpha spectrometry and G. M. tube. After our college moved, the gamma dose was reduced. Total counts and each peak count in gamma spectrum also were reduced except for thoron daughter peaks. Indoor atmospheric radon daughter concentrations were drastically reduced, while the outdoor concentrations remained the same level. Indoor G. M. tube background also was reduced. Annual effective dose equivalent from gamma rays and radon daughters was estimated to be 1.14mSv and 0.57mSv for the new and the old campus, respectively.

著者

Hiroto Kinoshita Reiko Kunisaki Hisae Yamamoto Reikei Matsuda Tomohiko Sasaki Hideaki Kimura Katsuaki Tanaka Makoto Naganuma Shin Maeda

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.17, pp.1855-1862, 2013 (Released:2013-09-01)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

8 39

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Objective To investigate the short- and long-term efficacy and safety of infliximab (IFX) in intestinal Behçet's disease (BD) patients in a retrospective cohort study. Methods Among 43 consecutive patients with intestinal BD presenting at the same clinic, 15 with active disease and receiving standard treatment were given IFX infusions (5 mg/kg body weight) every eight weeks. The patients were clinically and endoscopically evaluated before treatment, then assessed after 10 weeks, 12 months and 24 months for a clinical response, defined as a significant improvement in intestinal symptoms and a reduced C-reactive protein (CRP) level. Results At week 10, 12 patients (80%) exhibited a response to IFX, with eight (53%) in remission with no intestinal symptoms and normal CRP levels. A response to IFX was maintained in seven of the 11 patients (64%) available at 12 months and in four of the eight patients (50%) available at 24 months. Of the seven patients receiving prednisolone at entry, five responders had their steroid doses reduced. Fulminant intestinal BD was predictive of an absence of response to IFX. The adverse effects comprised one infusion reaction and one case of fever, most likely related to IFX. Conclusion IFX is effective and safe in patients with refractory intestinal BD.

著者

谷口 香織 高尾 秀樹 新名 真也 山中 祐二 岡田 幸長 中島 梨花 王 俊杰 辰野 竜平 阪倉 良孝 高谷 智裕 荒川 修 野口 玉雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本食品衛生学会

雑誌

食品衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00156426)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.4, pp.277-281, 2013-08-25 (Released:2013-09-12)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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トラフグ肝臓につき,滑らかな面を表側,肝門脈との結合部を上部として10分割し,マウス毒性試験で各部位の毒力を測定したところ,生肝臓58個体中16個体と凍結肝臓13個体中9個体ですべての部位が毒性を示した.毒の主体はテトロドトキシンであった.これらにつき,個体の平均毒力に対する各部位の相対毒力を求めて二元配置分散分析を行ったところ,凍結肝臓では毒の分布に有意な偏りは見られなかったが,生肝臓では右側中央下寄りの毒性が有意に高いことが分かった.肝臓の毒性評価に際しては,本部位を用いた個別検査の実施が望ましいと判断した.

著者

森山 紀之

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.9, pp.1752-1757, 1998-09-10 (Released:2008-06-12)

著者

松本 吏弘

出版者

一般社団法人 日本消化器がん検診学会

雑誌

日本消化器がん検診学会雑誌 (ISSN:18807666)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.4, pp.436-441, 2010 (Released:2010-09-15)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

5

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【目的】胃内視鏡検診による胃癌死亡率減少効果について検討した。【方法】X線検診群1,425例, 内視鏡検診群2,264例, 検診未受診群6,284例に3区分し, 性別, 年齢をマッチングさせた3群を2008年12月まで追跡した。胃癌死をエンドポイントとした場合の3群それぞれの累積生存率を算出し解析を行い, 検診内容別の死亡に対するハザード比を求めた。【成績】胃癌発症者40例(X線群18例, 内視鏡群12例, 未受診群10例)において胃癌死した症例はX線群1例, 内視鏡群1例, 未受診群8例であった。累積生存率は, X線群と内視鏡群では有意差はみられなかったが, これら2群と未受診群においては有意に未受診群の生存率が低い結果となった(p=.0073)。未受診群は内視鏡群よりも8倍胃癌死亡の危険が高かった(p=.0499)。【結論】内視鏡検診は胃癌死亡率減少効果を認め, X線検診に劣っていない可能性が示唆された。

著者

Yoseph Bar-Cohen

出版者

The Society of Polymer Science, Japan

雑誌

高分子 (ISSN:04541138)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.72-73, 2000-02-01 (Released:2011-10-14)

参考文献数

1

著者

Romanee Chaiwarith Teewin Ngamsrikam Sawalak Fupinwong Thira Sirisanthana

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.2, pp.121-125, 2013 (Released:2013-03-21)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

3 7

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This retrospective study was conducted among healthcare workers (HCWs) in a tertiary care hospital to (i) determine the incidence of exposure to blood and/or body fluids, (ii) describe the characteristics of such exposures, and (iii) describe management after exposure. There were 1,611 episodes of occupational exposure between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2010. Of those affected, 1,086 (67.4%) were women. The mean age was 27.6 ± 7.2 years. Nurses (483, 29.9%) were the HCWs most frequently exposed to blood and/or body fluids. The incidence was highest among physicians (11%/year). Percutaneous injury by hollow needles was the most common type of injury (576, 35.8%). Of the 1,611 episodes, 142 (8.8%) comprised HCWs being exposed to human immunodeficiency virus-positive sources. One hundred fifty-one HCWs (9.4%) were exposed to hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen-positive sources. Sixty-one HCWs had indications for both hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin; 43 (70.5%) received both. Among the 266 HCWs who had no protective antibody against HBV and were exposed to HBs antigen-negative sources, only 1 (0.4%) received HBV vaccine. These findings suggest that guidelines for post-exposure management among HCWs exposed to HBs antigen-positive sources are not regularly followed. HBV immunization is necessary for all HCWs.