著者

Yu Wei Sun Xin Yu Wang Lu Liu Qi Zhang Yong Jing Xi Pi Wu Wang

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.290-299, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

44

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Light provides energy for photosynthesis and is also an important environmental signal that regulates plant growth and development. Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase plays a crucial role in photosynthesis. However, ribose-5-phosphate isomerase has yet to be studied in soybean photosynthesis. To understand the biological function of GmRPI2, in this study, GmRPI2 was cloned, plant overexpression vectors and gene editing vectors were successfully constructed, and transformed into recipient soybean JN74 using the Agrobacterium-mediated method. Using qRT-PCR, we analyzed that GmRPI2 gene expression was highest in leaves, second highest in roots, and lowest in stems. Promoter analysis revealed the presence of multiple cis-acting elements related to light response in the promoter region of GmRPI2. Compared with the control soybean plants, the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of the overexpression lines were higher than those of the control and gene editing lines, while the intercellular CO2 concentration was significantly lower than that of the control and gene editing lines; the total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b contents and soluble sugar contents of the overexpression plants were significantly higher than those of the recipient and editing plants, indicating that the GmRPI2 gene can increase The GmRPI2 gene can increase the photosynthetic capacity of soybean plants, providing a theoretical basis and genetic resources for improving soybean yield by regulating photosynthetic efficiency.

著者

竹田 宣典 大即 信明

出版者

公益社団法人 日本コンクリート工学会

雑誌

コンクリート工学 (ISSN:03871061)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.5, pp.525-530, 2016 (Released:2017-05-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

2 2

著者

Anna Ivanova-Pozdejeva Liina Jakobson Kai Ilves Agnes Kivistik Liina Kann Jekaterina Aida Liisa Kübarsepp Terje Tähtjärv Kristiina Laanemets

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.300-312, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

50

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Globodera rostochiensis resistance has been an important trait in potato (Solanum tuberosum) breeding for decades. Our aim was to complement phenotypic testing with genetic marker analysis. We analysed the results of G. rostochiensis resistance greenhouse testing in 4601 tubers of 2918 breeding clones from 11 years. Applicability of H1 gene markers TG689 and 57R was compared. We implemented the latter with the positive predictive value of 99.1% and negative predictive value of 60.0% into the breeding scheme. The 57R marker alleles of 22 Estonian cultivars and 470 breeding clones were determined. Two unique 57R alleles, 57R-887 and 57R-1155, were found in Estonian cultivar ‘Anti’. The 887 bp allele has two deletions (14 bp and 490 bp) accompanied by several other indels and SNPs within the 57R marker region. The 1155 bp allele has three deletions (7 bp, 20 bp and 210 bp) accompanied by several other indels and SNPs within the same region. Partial resistance to G. rostochiensis in ‘Anti’ suggests that the newly described alleles could affect the H1-mediated resistance directly or indirectly.

著者

Kunihiko Komatsu Takashi Sayama Ken-ichiro Yamashita Yoshitake Takada

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.322-331, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

36

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To avoid crop failure because of climate change, soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars adaptable to early planting are required in western Japan. Because current Japanese cultivars may not be adaptable, genetic resources with high early-planting adaptability, and their genetic information must be developed. In the present study, summer type (ST) soybeans developed for early planting were used as plant materials. We examined their phenological characteristics and short reproductive period as an indicator of early planting adaptability and performed genetic studies. Biparental quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of a representative ST cultivar revealed a principal QTL for the reproductive period duration on chromosome 11. The results of resequencing analysis suggested that circadian clock-related Tof11 (soybean orthologue of PRR3) is a candidate QTL. Additionally, all 25 early planting-adaptable germplasms evaluated in this study possessed mutant alleles in Tof11, whereas 15 conventional cultivars only had wild-type alleles. These results suggest that mutant alleles in Tof11 are important genetic factors in the high adaptability to early planting of these soybeans, and thus, these alleles were acquired and accumulated in the ST soybean population.

著者

Kazufumi Nagata Yasunori Nonoue Kazuki Matsubara Ritsuko Mizobuchi Nozomi Ono Taeko Shibaya Kaworu Ebana Eri Ogiso-Tanaka Takanari Tanabata Kazuhiko Sugimoto Fumio Taguchi-Shiobara Jun-ichi Yonemaru Yusaku Uga Atsunori Fukuda Tadamasa Ueda Shin-ichi Yamamoto Utako Yamanouchi Toshiyuki Takai Takashi Ikka Katsuhiko Kondo Tomoki Hoshino Eiji Yamamoto Shunsuke Adachi Jian Sun Noriyuki Kuya Yuka Kitomi Ken Iijima Hideki Nagasaki Ayahiko Shomura Tatsumi Mizubayashi Noriyuki Kitazawa Kiyosumi Hori Tsuyu Ando Toshio Yamamoto Shuichi Fukuoka Masahiro Yano

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.332-342, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

64

被引用文献数

1

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Many agronomic traits that are important in rice breeding are controlled by multiple genes. The extensive time and effort devoted so far to identifying and selecting such genes are still not enough to target multiple agronomic traits in practical breeding in Japan because of a lack of suitable plant materials in which to efficiently detect and validate beneficial alleles from diverse genetic resources. To facilitate the comprehensive analysis of genetic variation in agronomic traits among Asian cultivated rice, we developed 12 sets of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) with the japonica background, 11 of them in the same genetic background, using donors representing the genetic diversity of Asian cultivated rice. Using these materials, we overviewed the chromosomal locations of 1079 putative QTLs for seven agronomic traits and their allelic distribution in Asian cultivated rice through multiple linear regression analysis. The CSSLs will allow the effects of putative QTLs in the highly homogeneous japonica background to be validated.

著者

Mutsuo Tsuyama Shogo Ogawa Keiichi Ogawa Toshiya Igarashi Emiko Koizumi

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.343-348, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

11

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Golden cyst nematodes have threatened the cultivation of ‘Toyoshiro’, a major potato variety used for chip processing in Japan. Common scab is a soilborne disease that occurs in potato fields worldwide. To solve these problems, we crossed two US varieties and selected a clone that showed a slightly higher marketable yield and a significantly higher yield rate, compared with ‘Toyoshiro’, and had good chip processing quality, extreme resistance to cyst nematodes, and moderately high resistance to common scab. This clone was named ‘Poroshiri’; it is the first variety released from the Calbee Potato breeding program.

著者

Masako Ichikawa Norio Kato Erika Toda Masakazu Kashihara Yuji Ishida Yukoh Hiei Sachiko N. Isobe Kenta Shirasawa Hideki Hirakawa Takashi Okamoto Toshihiko Komari

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.349-353, 2023 (Released:2023-07-27)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1

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Somaclonal variation was studied by whole-genome sequencing in rice plants (Oryza sativa L., ‘Nipponbare’) regenerated from the zygotes, mature embryos, and immature embryos of a single mother plant. The mother plant and its seed-propagated progeny were also sequenced. A total of 338 variants of the mother plant sequence were detected in the progeny, and mean values ranged from 9.0 of the seed-propagated plants to 37.4 of regenerants from mature embryos. The natural mutation rate of 1.2 × 10–8 calculated using the variants in the seed-propagated plants was consistent with the values reported previously. The ratio of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) among the variants in the seed-propagated plants was 91.1%, which is higher than 56.1% previously reported, and not significantly different from those in the regenerants. Overall, the ratio of transitions to transversions of SNVs was lower in the regenerants as shown previously. Plants regenerated from mature embryos had significantly more variants than different progeny types. Therefore, using zygotes and immature embryos can reduce somaclonal variation during the genetic manipulation of rice.

著者

林 朋恵 森下 英理子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本血栓止血学会

雑誌

日本血栓止血学会誌 (ISSN:09157441)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.48-54, 2014 (Released:2014-03-03)

参考文献数

41

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要約:プロテインC(PC)凝固制御系は,血中に産生されたトロンビンが血管内皮細胞上のトロンボモジュリンと結合してはじめて発動される,いわばネガティブフィードバックの系であり,生体内における微妙な凝固反応に対応し得る非常に柔軟なしくみといえる.PC 凝固制御系因子の欠損あるいは異常は,生体内における向血栓性を高め,時に致死的な血栓症をもたらす.本稿では代表的なPC 凝固制御系因子であるPC, プロテインS(PS)両者の欠損症および活性化プロテインC(APC)レジスタンスの診断およびその臨床像について概説するとともに,APC の多面的な機能に注目した臨床試験の歴史についてもふれてみたい.

著者

Kosei SAKAI Yuri SHINOHARA Kenjiro KAJI Tomohiro YONEZAWA Yasuyuki MOMOI Shingo MAEDA

出版者

Catalyst Unit

雑誌

Translational and Regulatory Sciences (ISSN:24344974)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.1-8, 2021 (Released:2021-02-02)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1 1

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Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase that belongs to the HER family. HER2 overexpression in human prostate cancer has been frequently observed; however, there are no reports on HER2 expression in canine prostate carcinoma (PC). The purpose of this study was to investigate HER2 expression and the underlying molecular mechanisms in canine PC. Twenty-one formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded canine prostate gland tissues (13 carcinomas and 8 normal controls) were analyzed for HER2 expression using immunohistochemistry. Using a digital polymerase chain reaction assay, the HER2 copy number in 8 PC and 6 normal prostate gland tissues was determined. HER2 overexpression occurred in 8/13 (61.5%) PC cases, but not in the normal controls. There were no significant associations between HER2 overexpression and clinical characteristics of the PC cases, such as age, neuter status, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, and overall survival. HER2 copy number gain (CNG) was detected in 3/8 (37.5%) PC cases, but not in the normal controls. All PC cases with HER2 CNG exhibited HER2 overexpression, suggesting that HER2 CNG may lead to HER2 overexpression. These findings provide new insights into the molecular pathogenesis of canine PC; these may be therapeutically relevant. Dogs with PC would be useful as a preclinical large animal model for the development of new therapy for HER2-overexpressing prostate cancer in humans.

著者

鈴木 恒男

出版者

一般社団法人 照明学会

雑誌

照明学会誌 (ISSN:00192341)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.9, pp.556-557, 1995-09-01 (Released:2011-07-19)

著者

太田 朗

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学の発展 (ISSN:2758304X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, pp.7-10, 1990 (Released:2023-04-03)

著者

Claudio Lisandro E.

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.125-156, 2015-04-29 (Released:2017-03-30)

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This article revisits the Bandung Conference and Third Worldism through an intellectual history of the Filipino diplomat and intellectual Carlos P. Romulo. By examining Romulo's work during, before, and after Bandung, it argues that Third World-ism must be understood in its original sense.as a negation not only of Western imperialism but also of Soviet Communism. In examining the anti-Communist undercurrent of Bandung, the article hopes to recover a vision of the Third World that opposed various forms of totalitarianism. Although anti-Communism is usually associated with the fascism of McCarthyism, I contend that Romulo's liberal, Asianist anti-Communism forms a normative vision for a more equitable world order.

著者

乾 順紀 長ヶ原 誠 篠田 大輔

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2023-8, (Released:2023-08-08)

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The purpose of this study was to develop a Japanese version of the CSAPPA scale and to examine its applicability in assessing the motivation and confidence scale in Japan by analyzing the items related to exercise and sports participation. The subjects were students at an elementary school in Tokyo. The survey items consisted of frequency of exercise and sports, desire to do exercise and sports after graduation, willingness to practice the results of physical education classes, and so on. Additionally, six items from the Children's Self-Perception of Adequacy in and Predilection for Physical Activity (CSAPPA) scale were used as the motivation and confidence domain. The analyses were conducted to verify the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of CSAPPA scale, and covariance structure analysis was conducted based on a hypothetical model using the construct framework of CAPL in order to examine the relationship between CSAPPA scale and the status of exercise and sports activities and the willingness to participate in them in the future. The reliability coefficients of CSAPPA scale and the results of confirmatory factor analysis conducted on the two factors of CSAPPA subscale (Adequacy and Predilection) both met the criteria. Moderate positive correlations were found between the items related to sports activities and the total score of CSAPPA scale. The results of model validation by structural analysis of covariance indicated that all paths were significant and good fits were obtained. The multiple population analysis showed that the models were similar for both males and females. In conclusion, we were able to develop a Japanese version of CSAPPA scale and indicate the applicability of the motivation and confidence assessment scale in Japan.

著者

Etsuji Suzuki Michio Yamamoto Eiji Yamamoto

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.8, pp.385-389, 2023-08-05 (Released:2023-08-05)

参考文献数

26

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Background: The counterfactual definition of confounding is often explained in the context of exchangeability between the exposed and unexposed groups. One recent approach is to examine whether the measures of association (eg, associational risk difference) are exchangeable when exposure status is flipped in the population of interest. We discuss the meaning and utility of this approach, showing their relationships with the concept of confounding in the counterfactual framework.Methods: Three hypothetical cohort studies are used, in which the target population is the total population. After providing an overview of the notions of confounding in distribution and in measure, we discuss the approach from the perspective of exchangeability of measures of association (eg, factual associational risk difference vs counterfactual associational risk difference).Results: In general, if the measures of association are non-exchangeable when exposure status is flipped, confounding in distribution is always present, although confounding in measure may or may not be present. Even if the measures of association are exchangeable when exposure status is flipped, there could be confounding both in distribution and in measure. When we use risk difference or risk ratio as a measure of interest and the exposure prevalence in the population is 0.5, testing the exchangeability of measures of association is equivalent to testing the absence of confounding in the corresponding measures.Conclusion: The approach based on exchangeability of measures of association essentially does not provide a definition of confounding in the counterfactual framework. Subtly differing notions of confounding should be distinguished carefully.

著者

堀優太 有元典文

雑誌

日本教育心理学会第58回総会

巻号頁・発行日

2016-09-22

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問題と目的 集団内の発言しやすさの要因は,内的要因と外的要因に分けることができる。しかし,外的要因に関する研究は数多くない。Lobman & Lundquist (2007)は,話者や行為者以外の聴き手が行っているふるまいをaudience performance(以下apと略す)と定義した。本研究ではapを「話者や行為者の言動を受けた,聴き手となる個人及び集団のふるまい全般」と定義し,集団内の発言しやすさの要因としてメンバーのapに着目した。 これまで,心理学では発達を<個人の変化>として捉えてきた。しかし,ホルツマン(2014)は,発達を他者と共に皆が発達できる環境を創造しつつ,その中で自分を創造していくことと解釈した。つまり,発達を集団での<創造していく活動>と捉えたといえる。 以上の観点から,本研究では発達を集団という単位で捉えた。そして,apを用いてメンバーが発言しやすい場を創造し,その中で発言しやすい集団へと発達する過程を検討した。方 法 2015年12月12日から13日に渡り,横浜国立大学の教職必修授業の一環で行われた宿泊実習で観察を行った。宿泊実習に参加した大学4年生及び大学院1年生計15名(男子7名,女子8名)で構成された集団を観察対象とした。このとき筆者(以後Aとする)は集団の一員であったが,当初は他のメンバーから集団のリーダーとして位置づけられていた。 この宿泊実習ではミュージカルの作成が目的として設定され,作成にあたる話し合いやリハーサルといった風景を参加者の許可のもと,ビデオカメラで撮影した。映像データ中に観察されるapによって,(1)Aの立場の変化と(2)場の雰囲気の変化が見られる場面を抽出し分析を行った。結果と考察 場面は全部で3場面抽出された。各場面におけるapの変化を発話例と共に表1に示す。 場面1は宿泊実習開始時の場面で,発言しやすい雰囲気を作るapについて,apの概念を伝えることで集団内で検討する場面であった。はじめはAの問いかけに対して反応しないというapをメンバーは取っていたが,Aが話し合いの内容を模造紙に書き出すと,Aの問いかけに対し反応を返すというapが表れた。また,メンバー同士で質問をしあうといった行動が見られた。このことから,発言しにくい場であった集団が,Aが模造紙を共同作業のツールとして使用したことによってapが変化し,発言しやすい場となったことが推察される。このときのAの立場は集団をまとめるリーダーであったと考えられる。 場面2は,ミュージカルの内容について話し合っている場面であった。この場面では,Aが話し合いの内容をまとめるために,メンバーDに模造紙の記入を依頼した。その後,話し合いが進んでいくうちにメンバーIが自発的に話し合いの内容を模造紙にまとめる行動をとった。この時から,Aの立場が集団のリーダーとしての存在から,他のメンバーと対等な存在へと変化し,メンバーがより自主的に発言や行動をとることのできる場が徐々に創造されていたことが推察される。 場面3はミュージカルの話し合いの途中で休憩を取った場面である。ミュージカルで使用する曲をIがピアノで即興演奏しだした。それに対し,周りにいたメンバーや,トイレから帰ってきたメンバーがピアノに合わせて即興で歌を歌いだし,演奏の輪が広がっていった。このことから,即興的にふるまいやすい場を集団が創造してきたことが推察される。つまり,即興に対して参加しやすい雰囲気が集団内に存在していたことが考えられる。 以上の分析より,場面1ではAをリーダーとするapによって,やや発言しにくい場が創造されていたが,場面2ではAをリーダーから対等な一員とみなすようなapが行われ,より自発的に発言しやすい場が創造されていた。さらに,場面3では即興的なことができる場が創造され,また即興的なことに参加するというapも見られた。以上のことから,apの様態そのものがその後のメンバーのapを再帰的に変化させていたことが示唆された。つまり,集団がapによって発言しやすい場を創造し,その中で発言しやすい集団へ発達していったことが示された。

著者

山極 大葵 萓野 良樹 上 芳夫 肖 鳳超 井上 浩

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

電子情報通信学会論文誌 B (ISSN:13444697)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.J106-B, no.8, pp.509-518, 2023-08-01

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電子機器の小型・軽量化に伴い,伝送線路から発生する電磁ノイズ対策の一つとして,薄い導体シールドが採用されている.本論文は,薄い導体シールドを伝送線路に実装した際に生じる周波数分散の物理現象の解明及び定量的表現に基づく特性の予測を目的としている.差動線路間隔よりも近傍に薄い導体シールドを実装した際に一次定数に生じる周波数分散の導体シールド厚み依存性及び近傍磁界シールド効果との対応関係について電磁界解析により検討し,周波数分散を予測するための定量的表現方法について提案した.検討周波数は高速伝送線路を想定した20 MHz ~10 GHzである.一般的なマイクロストリップやストリップ構造の伝送線路とは異なり,周波数分散は物理現象をもとに四つのシンプルな周波数帯域に区分でき,特に近傍磁界シールド効果に起因した帯域区分では,シグモイド関数により定量的に表現できることを示した.更に,定量的表現のフィッティング定数及び近傍磁界シールド効果の導体厚み依存性評価により,周波数分散が生じる帯域と導体シールドの厚みは反比例の関係があることを明らかにした.この周波数分散の定量的表現と導体シールド材料の厚み等の条件から,周波数特性が定量的に予測可能となることも示した.

著者

Amr Amrallah Ehab Mahmoud Mohamed Gia Khanh Tran Kei Sakaguchi

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

IEICE Communications Express (ISSN:21870136)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.8, pp.403-408, 2023-08-01 (Released:2023-08-01)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

2

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In a post-disaster area, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are considered one of the most effective ways to provide emergency wireless communication services. In this letter, we investigate the UAV-based emergency wireless communication network for a post-disaster area. Our optimization problem aims to optimize the UAV 3D flight trajectory to maximize the number of visited ground users during the flight round. Then, a dual-cost-aware multi-armed bandit algorithm is adopted to tackle this problem under the limited available energy for both the UAV and ground users. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed algorithm could solve the optimization problem and maximize the achievable throughput under these constraints.

著者

宮川 卓也 Takuya Miyagawa

出版者

広島修道大学ひろしま未来協創センター

雑誌

人間環境学研究 = Journal of Human Environmental Studies (ISSN:13474324)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.171-184, 2022-02-28

著者

小川 夏美 Chau Bui Thi Bao 小林 誠 草野 都 粉川 美踏 北村 豊

出版者

公益社団法人 日本食品科学工学会

雑誌

日本食品科学工学会誌 (ISSN:1341027X)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.NSKKK-D-23-00044, (Released:2023-08-08)

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本研究では電動石臼を用いた湿式微粉砕機により調製したスパイスペーストの特性と香気成分放出挙動を明らかにした. コリアンダーシードからペーストを調製し, 粉砕回数および固形分比が粒子径や分離率に及ぼす影響を調べたところ, 粉砕回数を増やすことで粒子径は小さくなり, 分離率も減少することがわかった. 固形分比は粒子径に対して有意な影響を及ぼさなかったが, 固形分が増えることで分離率が減少し, ペーストの安定性が向上した. ペーストの蛍光顕微鏡画像からは, ペースト中に油滴が分散していることがわかり, 湿式粉砕によりコリアンダーシード中の油分が放出されていることが明らかになった. コリアンダーシードペーストの香気成分放出挙動を明らかにするために, ペーストを加熱した際にヘッドスペースに放出されたβリナロールおよびカンファーを定量し, 乾式粉砕したコリアンダー粉末と水を混合した粉末液と比較した. ペーストからの香気成分放出量は粉末液と比べて少なく, また分離率が低く, 安定性の高いペーストほど香気成分の放出量が少なかった. これらの結果から固形分や油滴の分散性やペースト特性が香気成分の放出挙動に影響を与える可能性が示された.