著者
中出 捨次郎
出版者
The Society of Practical Otolaryngology
雑誌
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 (ISSN:00326313)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.21, no.2, pp.347-370_1, 1927

1. 口蓋扁桃腺ニ於ケル格子状纖維ハ胎生第三ヶ月初期ニ於テ既ニ發生シ, 規則正シキ網羅状ヲナシテ實質中平等ニ存在シ, 實質組織ヲ多數ノ小部分ニ分チ, ソノ各部ニハ一個若クハ數個ノ細胞ヲ容ル.<br>該纖維網眼ハ更ニ之ヨリ分岐シテ樹枝状又ハ不規則ナル網状ヲナセル甚ダ纖細ナル多數ル細纖維ニヨリテ充タサレ, 此等細纖維ハ前述ノ細胞間ニモ入リ, 之等ヲ纒絡スルモノノ如シ.<br>2. 口蓋扁桃腺ノ格子状纖維ハ胎生第三ヶ月初期ニ於テ既ニ主副纖維ノ別明瞭ナリ. 即, 該時期ニ於テハ主纖維ハ多數細纖維ノ集リテ成レルコト恰モ絹絲ノ多數細纖維ヨリ成ルニ酷似シ, 其後次第ニ成育スルニ從ヒ該細纖維ノ一部ハ尚依然之ヲ認メ得ルモ一部ハ融合シテ太キ一本ノ纖維トナリ胎生第六ヶ月ニ至レバ此ノ融合セル纖維部ハ甚ダ強靱トナル.<br>3. 胎生時ニ於ケル格子状纖維ハ胎生初期ニ於テハ尚甚ダ纖細ナリト雖モ網羅状ニ黒染シ, 成人ニ於ケルモノト全ク同一ナリ.<br>4. 格子状纖維ハ膠基纖維ト明ニ區別ス可キモノニシテ胎生期ニ於ケル口蓋扁桃腺ニ於テハ前者ノ後者ニ變性移行スルヲ認メズ.<br>5. 口蓋扁桃腺ニ於ケル格子状纖維ハ胎生第三ヶ月末期以後ニ於テ濾胞ニ一致シテ圓形, 紡〓形若クハ不整形ニ全ク缺如スルカ, 或ハ著シク乏少ニシテ僅ニ斷片状ニ存在スルニ過ギズ. 而テ該格子状纖維缺如部 (即, 濾胞) ハ胎生初期 (第三・四ヶ月) ニ於テハ紡〓形若クハ不整形ヲ呈スルモ, 漸次發育スルト共ニ類圓形ヲ呈シ, 第六ヶ月ニ至レバ生後ニ於ケルモノト大差ナキニ至ル.<br>6. 胎生第三ヶ月ニ於テ扁桃腺上皮組織下ニ之ニ沿ヒテ稍太キ格子状纖維ノ走行スルヲ認ムルモ扁桃腺被嚢内ニハ全ク之ヲ認メズ. 其後扁桃腺ノ發育ト共ニ該纖維モ亦, 發育増殖スト雖モ, 被嚢内ニハ特ニ強靱ナル該纖維ヲ認ムル事ナシ. 即, 格子状纖維ハ被嚢ノ形成ニ關與スル事少シ.<br>7. 彈力纖維ハ胎生第三ヶ月ニ於テ既ニ扁桃腺上皮組織下ニ, 第四ヶ月ニ於テ皮嚢内ニ, 實質ヲ包ミテ走行スルヲ認メ, 其後次第ニ發育スルモ, 第六ヶ月ニ至レバ甚ダ著明ナル發育ヲ遂ゲ強靭ナル該纖維ハ屈曲蛇行シテ扁桃腺組織ヲ包ムニ至ル.<br>8. 扁桃腺實質内ニ於テハ彈力纖維ハ甚ダ纖細ナレ共, 胎生第三ヶ月ニ於テ血管壁ノ外, 上皮組織ニ接近セル極メテ小部分ニ略, 之ニ並行シテ線状ニ走行シ, 第四ヶ月ニ於テハ被嚢ニ近キ部ニ於テモ同樣, 該纖維ヲ認メ,上皮組織ニ近キ部ニ於ケルモノハ互ニ吻合ヲ作リテ網状ヲナシ, 稍之ニ遠ザカリテ扁桃腺深部ニ入レノバ未ダ吻合ヲ作ルニ至ラズシテ線状ヲナシテ存ス. 第六ヶ月ニ至レバ該纖維ハ實質中平等ニ網状ヲナシテ存在スルニ至リソノ走行ハ上皮組織並ニ被嚢ニ近キ部ニ於テハ略, 之ニ並行シテ走行シ, 互ニ吻合ヲ作リテ網状ヲ呈シ, 稍, 之ヲ遠ザカリテ扁桃腺深部ニ入レバカクノ如ク一定セズシテ不規則ニ網羅状ヲナス. 其後益々發育スト雖, 扁桃腺被嚢或ハ周圍組織ニ於ケルモノニ比シ一般ニ甚ダ纖細ナリ.<br>9. 彈力纖維ハ腺窩ニ近接セル扁桃腺實質部ニ於テハ, 腺窩ヲ色ミテ之ト略並行ニ輪状ニ走行セル太キ纖維ト, 上皮組織ト略, 垂直ニ放線状ニ走行セルモノト及ビ腺窩上皮組織ニ並行ニ縦走セルモノトル略三種ヨリ成リ, 互ニ吻合シテ網羅状ヲナシ, 籠状ニ腺窩ヲ包ム.<br>10. 口蓋扁桃腺ニ於テハ彈力纖維ハ濾胞ニ一致セル部ニ略圓形ヲナシテ全ク缺如スルカ, 或ハ著シク乏少ナリ.<br>11. 膠基纖維ハ胎生第三ヶ月ニ於テ扁桃腺被嚢部並ニ上皮組織下ニ之ニ沿ヒ纖細ナル纖維トシテ走行シ, 其後次第ニ發育スト雖, 扁桃腺被嚢部ニ於ケルモノ特ニ著明ニシテ, 胎生第六ヶ月ニ至レバ強靱ナル該纖維ハ屈曲蛇行シテ扁桃腺實質ヲ包ム. 上皮組織下ニ於ケルモノハ胎生第十ヶ月ニ至レバ再ビ甚ダ纖細トナル.<br>12. 膠基纖維ハ扁桃腺實質中ニ於テハ胎生第三ヶ月, 第四ヶ月ニ於テ極メテ纖細且, 淡染セルモノ線状或ハ粗鬆ナル網状ヲナシテ細胞間ニ少量存シ, 第六ヶ月以後ニ於テハヨク發育シテ濃染シ, 全實質中ニ分布ス. 然レドモ濾胞ニ於テハ之ヲ缺如スルカ, 或ハ甚ダ乏少ナリ.<br>13. 胎生期ニ於テハ扁桃腺被嚢ハ主トシテ膠基纖維並ニ彈力纖維ヨリ成リ, 格子状纖維ハ之ニ與ル事少シ. 然ルニ扁桃腺實質組織内ニ於テハ間質組織ハ主トシテ格子状纖維ヨリ成リ, 膠基纖維, 彈力纖維亦存在スト雖, 彼ニ比スレバ甚ダ纖細ニシテ間質組織トシテハ前者ニ比シ意義少シ.<br>14. 胎兒口蓋扁桃腺ニ於テハ扁桃腺實質部タルト被嚢部タルトヲ問ハズ一般ニ格子状纖維ハ胎生初期 (第三ヶ月) ニ於テ既ニヨク發育分布セルニ反シ, 彈力纖維, 膠基纖維ハ胎生初期ニ於テ既ニ發生スレ共, 其發育極メテ微々タルノ顯著ナル相違アリ. 而テ胎生中期 (第五, 六ヶ月) 以後ニ至レバヨク發育分布サルルニ至ル.<br>15. 口蓋扁桃腺實質部ニ於ケル各纖維ハ, 扁桃腺周圍組織ニ於ケルモノニ比スレバ甚ダ繊細ニシテ, 彈力纖維, 膠基纖維ニ於テ殊ニ顯著ナリ.<br>16. 扁桃腺被嚢ハ胎生第三ヶ月ニ於テ既ニ其
著者
村田 省三
出版者
長崎大学
雑誌
經營と經濟 : 長崎工業經營専門學校大東亞經濟研究所年報 (ISSN:02869101)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.85, no.1, pp.115-133, 2005-09-26

In this paper we consider the relation between total output level in the Nash equilibrium of the quantity setting Cournot duopoly game and it of Stackelberg game with liner demand functions and quadratic cost functions especially under conditions of negative marginal costs. In ordinal case, positive marginal costs are assumed, and the total output level of Cournot equilibia does not exceed it of Stackelberg equilibria because the best reply curve or line of the first player is rapidly declining compared to it of the second player, thus first mover has advantage to second mover. In the case of negative marginal costs, total output level in the equilibrium of Cournot game will be able to overtake the ones of Stackelberg game because of the slowly declining best reply curve of first mover compared to second mover. Hamilton=Slutsky(1990) classified some downward sloping bestreply lines with convex isoprofit curves, but they treated this is not the case, and the numerical consideration of this case was left unconsidered.
著者
川又 邦雄
出版者
慶應義塾経済学会
雑誌
三田学会雑誌 (ISSN:00266760)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.96, no.4, pp.633(171)-648(186), 2004-01

論説プレイヤー間のリンクの形成は, それに関係する経済主体に利益をもたらす。それとともに他の経済主体にも様々な影響をもたらす。ここでは所与のネットワーク構造の下でクールノー競争が行われることを予見して, 経済主体がもっとも有利なネットワーク形成を行うものとする。ただし, ここではリンクの形成には二人のプレイヤーの合意があればよく, リンクの切断には単独のプレイヤーの意志があれば十分であると考える。 そのようなネットワーク形成をともなうクールノー・ゲームでは, ゲームの凸性が重要な役割を演ずる。4人ゲームでは, 完全グラフ(すべての主体が結ばれたグラフ)の他に3人が互いに連結し1人が独立したグラフが安定なネットワークとなる。また尾を持った三角形のネットワーク(互いに結ばれた三人の一人に他の一人が結ばれたグラフ)を含むサイクルが生じるケースがあることが示される。The formation of links among players benefits the related economic agents.Simultaneously, it has various impacts on other economic agents. Here, we assume that economic agents, who are supposed to play the Cournot game under a given network structure, form the most advantageous networks. However, we also assume that it takes two agents to form a link and a single player to sever a link. In a Cournot game with such a network formation, the convexity of the game plays an important role. In a four-person game the perfect graph (all agents are linked to each other), and the one with three agents linked together and the last one being independent, becoming stable networks. Moreover, a case is shown where a cycle including a triangular network with a tail (one agent is linked to one of the three agents that are linked to each other) can be generated.
著者
内藤 葉子
出版者
奈良女子大学アジア・ジェンダー文化学研究センター
雑誌
アジア・ジェンダー文化学研究
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, pp.35-50,

Marianne Weber (1870-1954), a women's movement activist in Imperial Germany,formed her feminist thought in a liberal intellectual environment centering on herhusband Max Weber. She learned a great deal about the German idealist, especially I.Kant and J. G. Fichte. This article examines how she considered the construction of femalesubjectivity under the influence of German idealism. She considered that the Kant's moral and political principles, i.e. the ideas of purereason, personality, duty, freedom and autonomy, could also apply to women. In thisrespect she intended to form female subjects within the framework of German liberalism. Furthermore, just like Max Weber and Georg Simmel, Marianne Weber also had akeen interest in the modernization impacted especially women's life, thought and behavior.There was a controversy over the meaning of female cultural ability and thewomen's movement between Simmel and Marianne Weber. However, since he appreciatedfemale autonomy metaphysically, she could not criticize his 'sexual-metaphysics'strongly, which denied the female objective cultural ability. As the reason for it, shecould not understand exactly the gender-bias against females inherent in liberalism andKant's philosophy. However she was also interested in Fichte's philosophy. She were focused on theinterpersonal relationship and the relationship between individuals and community inFichte's philosophy. She also applied these principles to the women's movement andthe relationship among women. On that point she found another possibility of femalesubjectification. This article demonstrates Marianne Weber's political and ethical thought understrong influence of German idealism. Her thought can be described as an expression ofstrained relations between modern liberalism and feminism.
著者
林田 治男
出版者
大阪産業大学
雑誌
大阪産業大学経済論集 (ISSN:13451448)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.1, pp.19-70, 2009-09

Edmund Morel, the first Engineer-in-Chief of Imperial Railways of Japan, has been respected in Japan. At the beginning of the Meiji era, he proposed to Hirobumi Ito, the Second Assistant Minister of Finance, to establish a ministry for public works, a institution of higher education, and to use domestic products. His propositions were adopted by the Japanese Government immediately and contributed to development of Japanese society. Unfortunately he died 30 years before the opening of the Railway. He was engaged in his duty for only 19 months. Therefore, almost all Japanese has appreciated his accomplishments and felt saddened by his early death. Many Japanese writers make reference to his career, such as when and where he was born, what he studied at college, how he practiced as an engineer before coming to Japan, why he came to Meiji Japan, and who his wife was. It is very curious that almost all of them have provided incorrect accounts with scarce sources or no evidence. On the contrary, Mr. Yoshihiko Morita traces his career using the original documents and succeeds in correcting previous accounts. I corroborate Mr. Morita's assertions and further augment his findings on Morel's career, specifically regarding family environment, school record, and practical engineering. In this article I refer to the preceding writings on Morel's career chronologically by field, and point out the wrong descriptions. I investigate why they failed to explain his career correctly and followed incorrect versions without questioning their veracity. We must utilize and verify the relevant original records and make references definitely.
著者
畑 篤
出版者
富山大学総合情報基盤センター
雑誌
富山大学総合情報基盤センター広報 (ISSN:21883181)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.15, pp.29-34, 2018-06

Moodleでは様々な形式の小テストを作成することができる。しかし,複雑な問題をGUI上で作成するには手間がかかる。そこで,多くの人にとって普段使い慣れたWordを利用して問題を作成し,それをMoodleでインポート可能なXMLファイルに一括変換するツールを開発してきた。Moodle3へのバージョンアップによりミッシングワード選択,ドラッグ&ドロップテキスト,ドラッグ&ドロップイメージ及びドラッグ&ドロップマーカの小テスト問題が新しく追加された。そこで,これらの小テストについても,Wordで作成した問題をMoodleにインポート可能なXML形式に変換するツールを開発した。このうち本稿では,ミッシングワード選択及びドラッグドロップテキストの変換ツールについて紹介する。
著者
西里 喜行
出版者
大阪経済大学
雑誌
経済史研究 (ISSN:1344803X)
巻号頁・発行日
no.13, pp.67-129, 2009
著者
小野 修三
出版者
慶應義塾大学日吉紀要刊行委員会
雑誌
慶応義塾大学日吉紀要 社会科学 (ISSN:13425390)
巻号頁・発行日
no.11, pp.122-33, 2000

解題・凡例救貧要論汎論目次第一章濟貧の略史救貧と文明救濟と政治救濟と宗教宗教的救濟の基礎観念宗教的救濟の衰退救濟法の変遷濟貧院の創設〔都市と救濟]〔濟貧制の設定〕中世の濟貧状態救濟主管の異動都會と救濟濟貧制度の設定現代の濟貧制度第二章 貧民の意義、實體及び範囲貧民とは何ぞ貧民の種類貧民古今の比較観偶發的貧民貧冨の懸隔か將た貧冨の変動か貧困の原因如何なる標準に由て貧困の範囲を知るを得べきか勞銀の増減居住関係結婚統計消費統計死亡統計細民の家計状態小河滋次郎の救貧要論社會的救濟事業の組織第三章 公的救貧救貧制度の大要救貧制度の缺点公的救貧の施行法エルベルフェルド式婦人と救貧ストラースブルグ式公的救貧の經費第四章 宗教的及有志的救貧権力と慈愛新教と救貧旧教と救貧救世軍と救貧猶太教と救貧赤十字と愛國婦人救貧事業の統一調和倫敦中央慈善協會伯林中央慈善協會第五章 救貧事業の十則救濟の普及査賑扶養義務の勵行根本的救濟質實當事者の精進救濟の標的救濟の本質廉耻心の保全家庭式各論第六章 社會的救濟事業に對する立法發達の影響勞働者の保護勞働保険法疾病保険保険法の效果雇傭契約抵當権私生児の扶養義務人事相談所第一欸 貧困の主因に對する豫防第七章 失業就業の権利職業紹介失業保険勞働組合授産塲授産殖民無宿勞働者保護法小河滋次郎の救貧要論免囚保護移住第八章 國民病結核病結核豫防の二要件病院療養私的救濟事業としての結核豫防精神病花柳病第九章 酒毒酒料の消費高禁酒法酒毒療養院禁酒運動青十字ゴーデンブルグ式第十章 家政難収入の問題に非す支出の問題なり主婦と家政家政練習勞働婦女の寄宿家政講習科目第二欸 貧困の直接救濟第十一章 収容的救濟救濟法の種類病院貧民授産塲 病院の構造バラック、バビロン式回復院林間保養院看護者分娩院唖院盲院盲唖生の強制教育療疾院精神病院養老院第十二章 自由的救濟自由救濟の長所生計の保護金保と物保の利害監督居住難の真相家賃の補助無宿者の措置自宅救療救療醫と看護者配食所慰問籃第三欸第十三章 幼児及少年の保護乳児乳児の死亡保護相談所私生児棄児院里預孤児小河滋次郎の救貧要論貧児病弱児 揺籃院幼児保護所(抹消)幼学舎保養所〔院〕生徒の健康状態保養の善後低能児勞働…姐感化事業救濟と児童保護補習教育職業の選擇國民教育大学生の活動第四欸第十四章 貧民の取締救濟の聲刑法の制裁警察と裁判窮民と遊民調査権と申告義務民法の扶養規定救濟と文明本能的救濟
著者
水野 基樹 川田 裕次郎 飯田 玲依 山本 真己 東 慎治 上野 朋子 山田 泰行 杉浦 幸 田中 純夫 Motoki Mizuno Yujiro Kawata Rei Iida masaki Yamamoto Shinji Higashi Tomoko Ueno Yasuyuki Yamada Miyuki Sgiura Sumio Tanaka 千葉経済大学短期大学部非常勤講師 CHIBA KEIZAI COLLEGE Part-time Lecturer
出版者
千葉経済大学短期大学部
雑誌
千葉経済大学短期大学部研究紀要 = Bulletin of Chiba Keizai College (ISSN:13498312)
巻号頁・発行日
no.4, pp.51-61,

The psychology of motivation is a broad and loosely defined field. Furthermore, motivation is a basic psychological process. Few would deny that it is the most important focus of the micro organizational behavior. Traditionally, psychologists have not totally agreed on how to classify the various human motives, but they acknowledge that some motives are unlearned physiologically based. For that reason, it is difficult to comprehend a framework of motive concepts which can predict human behavior. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to review the motive concept suggested by McClelland(1987), who is most closely associated with the study of achievement motive. Specifically, first we summarized up the measurement and concepts of motive, such as "measures of human motive dispositions", "achievement motive", "power needs", "affiliative motive" and "avoidance motive". In addition, we critically reviewed and discussed them in terms of the definitions of concepts. In conclusion, although we could grasp the implications of each motive concept, there were some ambiguities regarding McClelland's motive concepts. Thus, more elaborate conceptual regulation and detailed explanation of the connections to the concepts seem necessary in order to clarify the notion of motive concepts, because there are a number of motives which lie in a gray area from the viewpoint of human motivation described by McClelland.