著者
松尾 幸治
出版者
日本生物学的精神医学会
雑誌
日本生物学的精神医学会誌 (ISSN:21866619)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.4, pp.175-180, 2017 (Released:2019-07-30)
参考文献数
20

うつ病・双極性障害の構造MRI研究の初期にはmanual tracing法が主流で,一定のエビデンスを提供してきたが,近年はvoxel-based morphometryやFreeSurferといったコンピュータソフトウエアにより多数例で解析されるようになっている。これまでの知見の蓄積から前部帯状回や島領域といった情動に関与する部位が疾患群で小さいことが報告されており,MRI家族研究でも同様の所見が得られている。また白質走行解析でも前部帯状回近傍の脳梁域の異常が報告されている。今後,構造MRI研究は,うつ病・双極性障害の病態解明のほか,両疾患の鑑別や治療予測のバイオマーカーの開発が期待される。

1 0 0 0 OA 崇文叢書

著者
崇文院 編
出版者
崇文院
巻号頁・発行日
vol.第2輯之22, 1935

1 0 0 0 OA 鉄道交通全書

出版者
春秋社
巻号頁・発行日
vol.第2, 1935
著者
大園 享司
出版者
応用森林学会
雑誌
森林応用研究 (ISSN:13429493)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.15, no.1, pp.7-12, 2006-03-31 (Released:2018-01-16)
被引用文献数
2

輪紋葉枯病に罹病したミズキ葉上の菌類を,生葉での病斑拡大と脱落・腐朽にともなう変化に注目して調べた。また分離菌株を用いた対峙培養試験により,ミズキ葉より分離される菌類の,輪紋葉枯病の病原菌に対する拮抗作用を調べた。罹病生葉の輪紋部からは病原菌が主に分離された。病斑周縁部からは病原菌とともに,未感染部に存在する内生菌が分離された。罹病生葉の輪紋部,周縁部において,病原菌が検出された葉片では検出されなかった葉片に比べて菌類の分離頻度が低かったことから,病斑の拡大にともなって内生菌が排除されると考えられた。早期落葉直後の脱落葉では,輪紋部から病原菌が,周縁部から病原菌と内生菌が分離された。未感染部では腐生菌の定着にともない内生菌が減少していたことから,脱落直後においても病原菌感染部への菌類定着は制限されていると考えられた。腐朽の進んだ葉から病原菌は分離されず,輪紋部,未感染部のいずれからも腐生菌が分離された。対峙培養試験において,ミズキ葉上から分離した9種18菌株の供試菌は病原菌4菌株に対して置き換わり,接触阻害,接触前阻害を示した。拮抗作用は供試菌の種や菌株と病原菌の菌株との組み合わせにより異なった。
著者
荒 哲
出版者
一般財団法人 アジア政経学会
雑誌
アジア研究 (ISSN:00449237)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.64, no.3, pp.33-59, 2018

<p>This study is intended to answer the following questions: what caused some of the Filipino masses to collaborate with the Japanese?; and why did their collaboration for the Japanese bring about severe violence? </p><p>Over seventy years or so since the end of the Asia-Pacific War in Asia, numerous academic works have been discussing so far the subject matters on the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines. However, only a few of them have discussed the issues of the collaboration with the perspectives from "below." Even though there have been published numerous studies on the Filipino popular history, very few historians have examined the nature of collaborationism transpired in the local setting of the Philippines with such perspectives. </p><p>This paper aims to shed light on rampant severe violence frequently happened among the masses or locals in Leyte Island of the Philippines, one of the rural areas of the country, during the Japanese occupation, that have not yet been thoroughly examined in Philippine historiography. Applying theoretical frameworks of Ranajit Guha (2007) dealing with the historical study on the mass movement in India, this study tries to clarify the characteristics of the mass violence by focusing on the actuations of a number of actors, most of whom belonged to low middle class including some local governmental officials (municipal mayors, treasurers, or chieftains of small villages in the province), local small merchants or landless peasants with a scant educational background. These kind of people tended to be treated as minor actors in "periphery" in the Philippine society when describing the history of the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. Some of them were said to be involved in severe violence during the time of their organizing some paramilitary groups for the Japanese such as the Home Guard in Ormoc or Jutai in Abuyog. Being minor one in Philippine historiography, the significance of mass violence have had been ignored, and these violent incidents were considered nothing but black side of patriotic movements against the Japanese initiated by the anti-Japanese guerrilla groups. Therefore, their involvement in the local history have been forgotten on the minds of locals and local historians as well. </p><p>Discussing several cases presented in this paper, the author tries to posit that such minor actors in "periphery" of the Philippine society tried to delineate themselves in the elite-dominated society like Leyte Province by collaborating with the Japanese. Unfortunately, their activities were too sporadic to unite other minor elements toward the unified movement as the Sakdal Movement or Hukbalahap Movement in Luzon Island did during that time. </p>
著者
松本 隆志
出版者
早稲田大学多元文化学会
雑誌
多元文化 (ISSN:21867674)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, pp.一〇六-八七, 2017-02-28

1 0 0 0 OA 鉄道行政

著者
喜安健次郎 著
出版者
巌松堂
巻号頁・発行日
1923
著者
下鶴 隆
出版者
大阪市立大学日本史学会
雑誌
市大日本史 (ISSN:13484508)
巻号頁・発行日
no.16, pp.12-35, 2013-05

はじめに : 二〇一二年は『古事記』撰録一三〇〇年にあたり、数々の出版やイベントに人々の話題はつきない年となった。その一方で日本古代史研究、なかんずく令前史研究の現状は、多くの課題を抱えたままである。……
著者
古池 謙人 東本 崇仁 堀口 知也 平嶋 宗
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, no.5, pp.C-J82_1-17, 2020-09-01 (Released:2020-09-01)
参考文献数
29
被引用文献数
1

Recently, the demand for programming education is increasing worldwide. Enhancing intelligent tutoringsystems (ITSs) in programming education is therefore very important. For a computer to intelligently support suchlearning, it is desirable that it be adaptive to individual learning. In ITS research, learning effectiveness is enhancedby (A) controlling features of the question or problem to be asked by indexing based on characteristics of targetdomains, or by (B) making appropriate interventions such as feedback by grasping problem-solving processes basedon explainable problem-solving models.It is important to reuse knowledge acquired through problem-solving in programming. To reuse knowledge, itis effective to first understand differences between knowledge items and then to organize that knowledge. In programming,requirements become a problem to be solved. Requirements are defined separately in the software engineeringfield as functional requirements and non-functional requirements. Functional requirements are requirements for whatis satisfied, while non-functional requirements are characteristics for satisfying the functional requirements such asinterface or security. The purpose of this study is to organize the knowledge related to this process by regarding theachievement of functional requirements as problem-solving in programming.Assuming that problem-solving is directed toward acquisition of knowledge required for a solution, descriptionsof the programming knowledge itself lead to indexing of the problem. Some studies have utilized function–behavior–structure aspects, combining each aspect to handle knowledge in parts and using them for knowledge descriptions.We have considered that the problem-solving process in this programming can be explained according tothe definition of function–behavior–structure aspects. Therefore, we proposed a model of parts based on function–behavior–structure aspects. And, we further proposed a model of the problem-solving process of parts.In order to verify the effectiveness of feedback by the proposed models, an evaluation experiment was performedin comparison with the feedback by our previous system. Feedback by the proposed models is that can begenerated based on “parts management” function and “grasp behavior of structure” function of the ITS functions thatcan be realized by the proposed model.Experiment results are suggested that the proposed models can provide more appropriate feedback that can berealized in the system, suggesting that effective support can be realized through learning of parts under the proposedmodels.In this research, by defining programming knowledge as parts, we approach various elements related to programmingthat have previously been considered tacit and clarify and organize each element independently of theprogramming language used. In this way, we try to construct a model of the problem-solving process using partsfrom the viewpoint of learning and formalize tacit knowledge.