著者

難波 靖尚

出版者

公益財団法人 日本醸造協会

雑誌

日本釀造協會雜誌 (ISSN:0369416X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.1, pp.2-7, 1986

---

栄養摂取面でも食糧供給面でも, 日本は正に飽食の時代にある。食生活環境の変化に連動して, 食生活そのものが変化し, 生活の力点は食より住, 余暇にシフトしつつある。物の豊かさから心の豊かさへの生活意識の変化である。しかし, と筆者は警告する。食の最大基本は栄養, 感覚, 保健の機能が充足されることであり, いたずらにファッション性を追うことは慎むべきであると。量から質への競争が望まれるゆえんであり, 健康づくりのための食生活指針を消費者, 食品産業ともども大事にしたいものである。

著者

田端 和仁

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

挑戦的萌芽研究

巻号頁・発行日

2010

---

バクテリアゲノムの交換を目指し、その方法を開発する研究を行った。ゲノム交換を行うためには、宿主バクテリアのゲノムを取り除く必要がある。制限酵素の発現系を利用してゲノム破壊株の作成に成功した。さらに導入するゲノムも切断から守るため、認識部位のメチル化にも成功した。ゲノム入れ替えを試みたところ、いくつかのコロニーを得ることが出来たが、それらの持つゲノムはキメラ状態になっていることが示唆された。

著者

楠山正雄 著

出版者

新潮社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10版, 1923

著者

佐藤 啓一 多田 十兵衛 後藤 源助 田村 安孝

雑誌

全国大会講演論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第71回, no.アーキテクチャ, pp.9-10, 2009-03-10

著者

前田 耕作

出版者

立命館大学政策科学会

雑誌

政策科学 (ISSN:09194851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.179-189, 2013-02

著者

波多野 澄雄

出版者

慶應義塾大学法学研究会

雑誌

法学研究 (ISSN:03890538)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.7, pp.117-128, 2016-07

---

紹介と批評

著者

延本 尚也 岡野 生也 篠山 潤一 山本 直樹 安田 孝司 代田 琴子 安尾 仁志 相見 真吾 橋本 奈実 太田 徹 深津 陽子 鳥井 千瑛 田村 晃司 山口 達也 陳 隆明

出版者

日本理学療法士学会

雑誌

理学療法学 (ISSN:02893770)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.11247, (Released:2017-05-01)

参考文献数

27

---

【目的】本研究の目的は在宅脊髄損傷者の退院後の褥瘡発生の有無を調査し,在宅脊髄損傷者の褥瘡発生危険因子を明らかにすることである。【方法】1996 年1 月~2005 年12 月までの10 年間に,当院を退院した脊髄損傷者310 名を対象に,郵送法による自記式アンケートを実施した。アンケート回答結果とカルテ診療録の情報を基に,後方視的に検討した。【結果】アンケート回収率は51.0%であり,約半数の対象者は退院後に褥瘡を経験していた。損傷の程度,入院中の褥瘡既往の有無,調査時の介助量,介助量の変化,外出頻度,自家用車の運転の有無が有意な因子として認められた。【結論】在宅脊髄損傷者において,完全損傷であること,入院中の褥瘡の既往があること,介助量が多いこと,活動性が低いことが褥瘡発生危険因子となることが明らかとなった。一方で,同居人の存在や在宅サービス利用の有無については褥瘡予防に有効に作用していない可能性が示唆された。

著者

木村 正子

出版者

一般財団法人日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究. 支部統合号 (ISSN:18837115)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, pp.313-319, 2012-01-20

---

This paper examines the issue of a fallen woman in Elizabeth Gaskell's Ruth, exploring the reasons why the heroine Ruth Hilton should die even after repenting. In Victorian literary convention, fallen women were treated as objects of moral scorn and their story of transgression and plight was offered as a warning to unmarried women readers who were themselves expected to be "angels in the house." Gaskell did not consider all fallen women as depraved. She poses the question: Is a woman's "fall" a problem of individual morals or a social issue intertwined with the Victorian double standard? While Gaskell's Ruth casts a light on the socially ill treatment of fallen women, the novel ends with Ruth's abrupt death, leading critics to argue that Gaskell could not go beyond the bounds of the Victorian norms. This may be partly true, but in Gaskell's mind as long as Ruth's repentance is complete, she does not die a sinner. As a character, Ruth is an anomaly in. the Victorian world because she feels both repression and passion, the latter of which should not belong to an "angelic" woman. This deviancy has a productive side for Ruth to have a chance of speaking out and to liberate herself from the manacles of patriarchy. Instead she is forbidden to have her place in the Victorian society. Her death is both punishment and reward. This is Gaskell's argument against the idealistic woman model, the "angel in the house" which denies woman's individuality and a personal history.

著者

山田 実

出版者

日本理学療法士学会

雑誌

理学療法学 (ISSN:02893770)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.8, pp.580-582, 2013-12-20 (Released:2017-07-04)

著者

菊地 達也

出版者

学術雑誌目次速報データベース由来

雑誌

オリエント (ISSN:00305219)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.45-60, 1995

---

The 10th century, when Neoplatonism was introduced into early Isma'ili cosmogonical doctrines, was a turning point for Isma'ilism. The early Isma'ili cosmogoincal doctrines were what should be called "Isma'ili Myth, " which varied according to each Isma'ili thinker, but had some common gnositic tendencies. For example, in that myth the angelic being falls from heaven because of its own error and it emanates this world like Demiurge of Plato.<br>In the 10th century, Isma'ili mythical cosmogony was greatly philosophized by Persian Isma'ili thinkers, especially Abu Ya'qub al-Sijistani. The structure of al-Sijistani's cosmogony looks similar to that of Plotinus, which is controlled by three Hypostates, that is, God, Intellect ('Aql) and Soul (Nafs). But Isma'ili Myth did not become extinct in the philosophized cosmogony, because in that system, too, al-Sijistani's Soul plays the role of the Falling Angel in the Isma'ili Myth.<br>In the 11th century, Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani introduced not the Plotinian cosmogony used by al-Sijistani but the Farabi's cosmogonical system made up of Ten Intellects. At first, al-Kirmani's God hardly looks different from al-Sijistani's. Al-Kirmani's First Intellect does not fundamentally differ from the Intellect of al-Sijistani, either. But his definition of it is closer to Farabi's concept of God than al-Sijistani's definition of Intellect. In al-Kirmani's cosmogony the First Intellect plays the role of both Farabi's God and his First Intellect at the same time. On the other hand, al-Sijistani's Soul is identified with the Second Intellect by al-Kirmanf, which emanates from the First Intellect, but the Second Intellect is no more than one of the Ten Intellects and has completely lost the mythical personality like al-Sijistani's Soul. The Falling Angel in the Isma'ili Myth has vanished in the highly philosophized cosmogony based on Farabi's system of the Ten Intellects.<br>In this paper I will examine al-Kirmani's theory of Intellect, comparing it with the philosophized Isma'ili Myth of al-Sijistani or Farabi's theory of Intellect, and consider the significance of his theory in the history of Isma'ilism. In conclusion, it will be shown that his system is the climax in the philosophization of Isma'ili doctrines since the 10th century.

著者

長野県飯田土木出張所 編

出版者

長野県飯田土木出張所

巻号頁・発行日

1940

著者

川合 増大郎 Masutaro KAWAI

出版者

札幌学院大学人文学会

雑誌

札幌学院大学人文学会紀要 (ISSN:09163166)

巻号頁・発行日

no.65, pp.27-42, 1999-03

著者

谷山 智彦 Tomohiko Taniyama 桃山学院大学文学研究科

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

英米評論 = English Review (ISSN:09170200)

巻号頁・発行日

no.24, pp.261-307, 2010-03-19

---

Tess of the d'Urbervilles is undoubtedly the most famous novel of Thomas Hardy's numerous works. The novel's shocking representations of woman's sexuality made it controversial in Victorian society, which, in turn, made the author more well-known. Through its fierce representations of sexuality, however, the novel revealed problems in Victorian culture surrounding morality, sexuality and marriage. In Victorian culture, women were confined by strict codes of etiquette regarding proper manners, clothing and behavior. Those concerned with sexuality, especially, were most serious. Women were thought of as faithful and asexual beings like pure angels. In the novel, Hardy challenged this view of woman by attempting to depict the truth. In the strictness of Victorian society, however, strict censorship in publishing world made it quite difficult to honestly represent women's sexuality. Hardy, therefore, chose to use metaphorical representations to depict it indirectly. Tess of the d'Urbervilles is filled with metaphorical representations. Representations of light and darkness, particularly, which surround the body of the main character, hold the most important function in the novel. Employing chiaroscuro Hardy visually emphasizes the bodily presence of characters. Meanwhile, he also uses the technique to depicts their emotions about corporeal problems. Through such characteristic expressions, the complex consciousness on the body and sexuality is revealed to readers. The novel's narrative lies in revealing the life of Tess, the history of her love affairs, and growing awareness of her sexuality. She was a woman loved by two very different men, Alec D'Urberville and Angel Clare. Her relationships with the two men awaken her to both the sexuality within her body, something she had never known before, and awareness of the guilt surrounding that awakening. The light and darkness is often used to express her suffering and conflict connected with sexuality. Alec is portrayed as Tess's seducer. He holds strong sexual desire for her physically, and through his strong lust, tries to dominate her. As ways of showing his desire, Alec stimulates her physically using means such as continually touching her body as well as teaching her to whistle. With such curious practices and experiences, her sexual sense of pleasure is awakened, visually emphasized with shining light. Tess is perplexed regarding such unknown bodily enjoyment. Feeling such pleasure, she suffers, bound by a moral consciousness of having violated the something inviolable. Conflicted, she also anxiously desires to be dominated by such pleasure Alec offers. Inevitably this anxiety brings her consciousness to a crisis. To defend her soul from the crisis Alec has brought, she sinks her soul into an abyss of darkness, secluding her consciousness from her body. In this way, she attempts to resist Alec's lust. Whenever he expresses his desire for her, by forcing her awareness away from her from body, she strives to protect the peace within herself. Such movement of consciousness is represented quite visually, especially in the scene where Alec forces himself upon her. Dramatic scenes such as this, which surround her, are darkened, when her soul is separated from her body. The darkness acts to express the absence of her soul in her body, and her will to resist against Alec's domination. Through her experience of life with Alec, she comes to know the forbidden pleasure of her sexual self and an awareness of guilt surrounding such feelings. She suffers through this conflict on sexuality. After the parting from Alec, she meets Angel Clare, a man of very different qualities compared to Alec. Angel is intellectual and philosophical, and Tess gradually becomes more fascinated with him. Her soul feels sympathy for his soul. But Angel also attempts to dominate her, not by bodily lust but by his ideas of womanhood. Though he is welleducated man, his mind is confined by a quite conservative view of women. In this the Victorian view, he idealizes Tess as a pure angelic woman. His desire for her reflects to the scenery of the place where they rendezvous. She is surrounded by misty twilight, the somber space making her appear like a goddess. For Tess, who now has experienced the corporeal pleasure and its sins, this was quite unacceptable. She, therefore, refuses to be the divine female. Her refusal is also represented visually. When she denies Angel's idealized image of herself, her bodily presence is emphasized by light representing her refusal. But she cannot help being attracted to Angel. Aware of her guilt, she feels lust for him. The sexual urge, which Alec awakened in her, pushes her on. She secretly longs for bodily contacts with Angel. Like Tess, Angel is also gradually fascinated by her corporeal beauty. Through such bodily desires they become attracted to each other. As with Alec, the lust between Tess and Angel is also represented by shining light. Light emphasizes the presence of their bodies and their beauty, implying the secret pleasure between them. For both Tess, however, who experienced both love and violation with Alec, and Angel, with his conservative view of women, the pleasure they share inevitably makes them conscious of guilty and suffering. After Tess confesses her secret past, the conflict and suffering over sexuality become decisive. For Angel, Tess's body, which experienced such raw sexuality with Alec, becomes an object of fear. Her sexuality, overwhelming his mind, is expressed by visually by light. Ironically, Tess's experience with Alec becomes the cause of Angel's mental anguish. After this incident, Tess is filled with a growing desire to take responsibility by destroying her sexual self to make Angel suffer. She unconsciously longs for death, but cannot kill herself because she also knows how much she enjoys sexual pleasure. The pleasure prevent her from leaving the body easily, filling her with ambivalent emotions about her sexual body. As a way of resolving this crisis within, Tess idealizes the darkness as a place of rest. The darkness diminishes her bodily senses to a minimum, bringing her an experience of pseudodeath, a temporal rest of mind. The darkness becomes a symbolic expression of her rest and liberation from the body. The last scene expresses this well, where Stonehenge is shrouded in darkness as Angel and Tess meet for their last rendezvous. The darkness symbolizes her rest and liberation, but is quite transient. As time passes, light inevitably intrudes into the darkened space, making her body visible and aware of its presence. Even in the last scene, the light flows into the darkness. Her rest is inevitably broken, indicating the cruel fact that as long as she lives, she cannot escape from the presence of her sexual body. Throughout the history of her love affairs with the two men, the use of chiaroscuro indicates Tess's conflict of mind and emotion over her sexuality. Her sexual sense or desire is metaphorically represented with light. The light strengthens the presence of her sexual body and reveals her hidden sexual desire for men. But feeling such pleasure, Tess suffers a guilty conscience. She feels ambivalent emotions concerning her body. To liberate herself from such suffering, she seeks to destroy her body believing it to be the cause of her distress. As a way to destroy her physical self, she longs for darkness. The darkness temporarily makes her body invisible and diminishes her bodily senses, allowing her to briefly experience bodily liberation and oblivion. Consequently, this becomes a metaphor for her mental rest. Through his expression of visible light and darkness, Hardy expresses visually for reader the suffering that women endured under the strict moral code of the Victorian era. His novel also spotlights the absurdity and double standard of Victorian oppression of sexuality on women.

著者

Kazutoshi Fujibayashi Hiroshi Fukuda Hirohide Yokokawa Tomomi Haniu Fukuko Oka Miki Ooike Toshiaki Gunji Noriko Sasabe Mitsue Okumura Kimiko Iijima Teruhiko Hisaoka Hiroshi Isonuma

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.10, pp.932-940, 2012 (Released:2012-10-29)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

22 28

---

Aim: The aim was to investigate the respective associations between lifestyle and proteinuria and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Methods: The lifestyle habits of 25,493 middle-aged participants were investigated in a cross-sectional study to find habits that are associated with a low eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and/or the presence of proteinuria. The lifestyle habits of the participants were evaluated using a questionnaire. Unhealthy lifestyle habits were defined as follows: 1. obesity, 2. being a current/former smoker, 3. eating irregular meals, 4. having less than 5 hours sleep, 5. exercising less than once a week, and 6. drinking more than once a week. The associations among unhealthy habits, eGFR, and proteinuria were evaluated using multivariate analysis.Results: The following lifestyle factors were significantly and independently associated with proteinuria: obesity (odds ratio (OR): 1.18, 95%C.I: 1.04-1.34), being a current/former smoker (OR: 1.26, 95%C.I: 1.11-1.42), eating irregular meals (OR: 1.40, 95%C.I: 1.22-1.61), sleeping less than 5 hours (OR: 1.38, 95%C.I: 1.15-1.65), and exercising less than once a week (OR: 1.18, 95%C.I: 1.05-1.33). In contrast, the following unhealthy lifestyle factors were not clearly associated with a low eGFR: obesity (OR: 1.05, 95%C.I: 0.95-1.17), being a current/former smoker (OR: 0.76, 95%C.I: 0.69-0.84), eating irregular meals (OR: 0.91, 95%C.I: 0.79-1.04), sleeping less than 5 hours (OR: 1.02, 95%C.I: 0.85-1.22), and exercising less than once a week (OR: 0.91, 95%C.I: 0.83-0.99).Conclusion: Associations between proteinuria and unhealthy lifestyle habits were observed in our cross-sectional study. Unhealthy lifestyles should be monitored during the management of CKD patients with proteinuria.

著者

内嶋 修

出版者

海人社

雑誌

世界の艦船

巻号頁・発行日

no.931, pp.92-95, 2020-09

著者

德丸 伸一

出版者

海人社

雑誌

世界の艦船

巻号頁・発行日

no.931, pp.78-91, 2020-09

著者

横光 健吾 金井 嘉宏 佐藤 健二 杣取 恵太 坂野 雄二

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.28.1.7, (Released:2019-06-07)

参考文献数

20

---

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between happiness, satisfaction, and the psychological effects of consuming “shikohin” at social events on psychological health. Five hundred and thirty-two participants (270 men, 262 women; mean age=44.91 years, SD=13.81 years) from a community sample in Tokyo, Kanagawa, Saitama, and Chiba completed a set of questionnaires and the data were analyzed. The results of partial correlation analyses showed that when people experienced positive and negative social life events, the psychological effects of consuming “shikohin” showed a weak but positive correlation with happiness and satisfaction.

出版者

明治図書

---

日本武道の再生について / 浅見 高明いま、どう生きるか / 片倉 もとこ序章 日本武道の課題 / アレキサンダー・ベネット第I部 武道と教育1章 武道で何を教えるか / 寒川 恒夫2章 剣道教育の中心的課題 : 技法と心法の相即に着目して / 大矢 稔3章 「障害者武道」の振興 / 松井 完太郎4章 日本の学校教育における武道 / 本村 清人5章 武道と教育 / ダンカン・ロバート・マーク6章 武の道と流派武芸と合戦武術の一考察 / カール・フライデー「武道と教育」をめぐる討論第II部 武道の思想1章 20世紀の武道と神秘体験 / 鈴木 貞美2章 宮本武蔵『五輪書』の思想史的研究 / 魚住 孝至3章 禅と日本の剣術の再考 / ウィリアム M. ボディフォード4章 剣・禅・書と現代 / 寺山 旦中「武道の思想」をめぐる討論 / 寺山 旦中第III部 武道と理念1章 武道における文化摩擦 / 阿部 哲史2章 術から道へ : 講道館柔道の誕生 / 村田 直樹3章 理念としての武道 : 武道の特性から考える / 入江 康平4章 韓国社会における武道概念の混乱 / 羅 永一5章 武の文化性 : その経緯と理念をめぐって / 作道 正夫「武道と理念」をめぐる討論第IV部 武道と国際環境1章 アメリカ合衆国海兵隊マーシャル・アーツ・プログラムの開発における日本武道の影響 / リチャード J. シュミット ; ジョージ H. ブリストル2章 日本柔道の指導法を見直す / デビット・マツモト3章 民間武術と儀礼:経済変遷を通じての継続性 / レイモンド・アンブローシ4章 剣道の黒船-韓国 : 剣道の国際普及とオリンピック問題 / アレキサンダー・ベネット5章 勘違いの武術:日米における古流武術伝承の複雑さについての考察 / マイク・スコス6章 武道の教え : イスラエル・パレスチナ対立の壁を乗り越える / ダニー・ハキム「武道と国際環境」をめぐる討論第V部 公開講演会1章 “オリンピックスポーツとしての柔道”と“伝統としての柔道”のパラドックス / アントン・ヘーシンク2章 国際化の時代における柔道の果たすべき役割 / 山下 泰裕あとがき / 山田 奨治執筆者紹介

著者

小野 寛

雑誌

学習院女子短期大学紀要 (ISSN:02863928)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.1-28, 1970-12-24

出版者

ジヤパンタイムス社

巻号頁・発行日

1926