著者
宮崎,陽子
出版者
日本家政学会
雑誌
日本家政学会誌
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, no.4, 2008-04-15

The purpose of this study is to examine the learning contents of the housing field of home economic education given at senior high schools. Some university students were chosen for our questionnaire survey so as to analyze the contents of the housing sector of home economic education at senior high schools as well as to find out how they viewed this part of home economic education. The results are as follows : 1) More than half of the respondents had studied it only insufficiently in their high school days. 2) Those who admitted its usefulness tended to recognize the necessity of learning it. 3) The respondents' view of housing education greatly varied, to wit, what they had learned may not be what they wished to learn or what should be taught. It is to be noted that those contents which they considered important were related to social viewpoint, and that the majority of respondents felt the need to deal with housing issues or problems as well as housing policy. To some up, the contents which the respondents considered important for home economic education in high schools would be useful for social life. On the basis of this report, we will further try to clarify what stands in the way of introducing better contents with a view to improving the housing education curriculum at high schools.
著者
Akihiro JO Sae KOYAGI Wataru HOBO Saori OTANI Shoujiro OGAWA Tatsuya HIGASHI
出版者
The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry
雑誌
Analytical Sciences (ISSN:09106340)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, no.9, pp.1099-1104, 2020-09-10 (Released:2020-09-10)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
13

Liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) enables the accurate and precise quantification of various analytes at very low concentrations, but it has room for improvement in analysis throughput. Multiplexing of samples in the same injection could be a promising procedure for enhancing the analysis throughput. This could be achieved by derivatization of the multiple samples with multiple isotopologous reagents. In this study, a sample-multiplexed LC/ESI-MS/MS assay using the 1-[(4-dimethylaminophenyl)carbonyl]piperazine (DAPPZ) isotopologues (2H0-, 2H3-, and 2H6-forms) was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of primary bile acids in three different plasma samples in a single run. The developed method had satisfactory intra- and inter-assay precisions (≤ 2.3 and ≤ 4.2%, respectively) and accuracy (99.0 – 100.3%), and could reduce the total LC/ESI-MS/MS run time by more than 60% for 42 samples compared to the conventional method. Thus, the derivatization with the DAPPZ isotopologues worked well for enhancing the throughput of the LC/ESI-MS/MS assay of the bile acids.
著者
大江 和彦
出版者
一般社団法人 日本東洋医学会
雑誌
日本東洋医学雑誌 (ISSN:02874857)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.2, pp.203-212, 2010 (Released:2010-07-01)
被引用文献数
2 2

国のIT戦略のひとつとして医療情報における標準化が推進されてきた。医療において病名情報は重要であり,病名情報をITにより正確に取り扱うためには,同じ病名にはただひとつの用語を割り当てるという標準化とともに,コンピュータで確実に処理できるように一つのユニークなコードを割り当て流通させる必要がある。標準病名マスターはこの目的で開発されたものである。用語の標準化は日本医学会の用語管理委員会で行われており,コードの割り当ては著者らの委員会が作業を行い,社会保険診療報酬支払基金と医療情報システム開発センターとからマスターコード表として2002年6月からリリースされている。メインテナンスは年に4回実施され,要望にもとづき追加,修正が行われており,用語総数は約22,000語,修飾語が約2,000語となっている。臨床で必要とされる病名情報には,医薬品適応症のようなレセプト請求時に必要となるものもあり,これらを網羅したマスターを作成することは技術的にも困難である。今後は,専門領域の概念の関係データベースであるオントロジーを構築し,それを活用した新しい枠組みが必要になるであろう。
著者
足立 吟也
出版者
公益社団法人 日本化学会
雑誌
化学と教育 (ISSN:03862151)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.4, pp.386-390, 1990-08-20 (Released:2017-07-13)

名画「風と共に去りぬ」といっても, もはや映画ではなくビデオの世界で, テレビと組み合わせたセットで楽しめる。衛星を使って世界の事件やスポーツ中継が私たちの目の前にテレビの画像として届けられてくる。我が国でカラーテレビの放送が始められたのは1960年であるが, それから30年, 今や世界第1位のテレビ受像機の生産国となった。このテレビの仕組み, 特にどのようにして"色"を出しているのかを中心に学んでみよう。
著者
高杉 洋平
出版者
公益財団法人 史学会
雑誌
史学雑誌 (ISSN:00182478)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.122, no.1, pp.36-60, 2013

Following the Armistice which concluded the First World War, there occurred a strong international trend toward anti-militarism, and in Japan, as well, public opinion toward military downsizing gained traction. On the other hand, since Japan had not participated significantly in the actual fighting during the War, the Army's equipment was now utterly outdated in comparison with the armies of Europe and the United States, and a call arose for the modernization of the Armed Forces. Given these conditions, in 1925 Minister of War Ugaki Kazushige reduced the Army's strength by four infantry divisions and used the budget funding so released to modernize its equipment, thus accomplishing disarmament and modernization in one stroke. His political position was strengthened through this so-called "Ugaki Drawdown", and he was touted to be a promising candidate for Prime Minister. In 1925, returning to the post of minister of war in Hamaguchi Osachi's cabinet, Ugaki embarked on a second round of military reforms, which like his first arms reduction plan, aimed at disarmament combined with modernization. However, the plan ran aground after meeting fierce opposition from the General Staff, causing Ugaki to resign his position in the Cabinet. As to the question of why Ugaki's reform concept succeeded in the first arms reduction plan, but failed in the second, while the two plans have received considerable time and attention from researchers to date, they have focused mainly on each reform plan separately, and thus have had little success in clarifying the various factors which led to the success of one and the failure of the other. From this perspective, the author of the present paper compares the two reform plans on the basis of a sequential interrelationship, and attempts to clarify the various factors within and without the Army that destined each plan to success or failure, while examining the extent to which Ugaki and the General Staff were aware of those factors.
著者
鈴村 裕輔
出版者
法政大学国際日本学研究所
雑誌
国際日本学 = INTERNATIONAL JAPANESE STUDIES (ISSN:18838596)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, pp.53-74, 2020-03-25

Saito Takao (斎藤隆夫, 1870-1949), who is a well-known statesperson from the Taisho Period to 1949, won 13 times in the General Election of the House of Representative since 1912. Keeping the seat Saito was appointed as the Parliamentary Vice-Minister of the Home Ministry in the Hamaguchi Cabinet, the Director-General of the Legislation Bureau of the 2nd Wakatsuki Reijiro Cabinet, a Minister of the 1st Yoshida Cabinet formed in 1946 and a Minister of the Katayama Tetsu Cabinet. He took an active role in the front line of the political world and had passed away in 1949.One of the most remarkable achievement of Saito is two speeches at the Diet: “An Interpellation on a Purge of Army” (粛軍に関する質問演説) in 1936 and “An Interpellation on Handling the Second Sino-Japanese War” (支那事変処理に関する質問演説) in 1940. In the former Siato criticized the governmentʼs attitude to the 26th February 1936 Incident and in the latter he denounced measures taken by the government. However, there is no study on Saitoʼs three articles contributed to the special issue “The Right Way of Parliamentary Politics” (議会政治の本道) published in the Jiji Shimpo in November 1936.In this paper, we examined the three discussions published in “The Right Way of Parliamentary Politics” and discussed Saito's comment on military intervention in politics and his trust in the people. In this way, we demonstrated that Saitoʼs defense parliamentary politics in terms of the provisions and practical use of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan and his belief that each people might effectively prevent effectively military intervention in politics.
著者
矢野 真和
出版者
東洋館
雑誌
教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)
巻号頁・発行日
no.45, pp.p20-34, 1989-10

The aim of the present paper is to specify the tasks with which higher education policy has to deal at the present time, after pointing out the characteristics of higher education policy taken in Japan during the period of educational expansion in the 1960s and the early 1970s. The first question I seek to explore is the framework underlying the educational policy. There are three concepts to be brought out with respect to the framework. They are a) the contrast between 'Individual Demand Model' and 'Social Needs Model', and as criteria for policy-making, b) the collision between three aspects of efficiency, equality and educational goal, and c) distinction between economic factor and non-economic factor. I endeavour to illustrate the framework constructed with these three inter-crossing concepts. Within this reexamined framework, higher education policy during the period of rapid growth has the following characteristics: 1) Japan decided on the 'Individual Demand Model', and at the same time gave priority to efficiency from both economic and non-economic aspects. 2) It has rather successfully solved dilemmas with social needs and with the criterion of equality which were neglected, owing to the steady expansion in demand for higher educational opportunity and to the dual structure or differentiation between the public sector and the private sector. What I propose in the second place is that the following questions deserve serious discussion in helping to understand problems that the past policy decisions have created and policy tasks under the present situation: a) educational demand and supply, b) differentiation of higher education system, c) equality of opportunities, and d) labor supply and labor demand. As a result of the discussion about the problems and policy tasks from the four above-mentioned viewpoints, I have concluded that the quantitative balance between educational demand and supply still remain the greatest concern in higher education policy within a framework which has not substantially changed since the period of rapid growth. The central issue of higher education today should be how to adjust provision to varieties of demands in quality, and therefore Japanese higher education will not able to enter upon a new phase until the task to respond to diversified needs receive mature consideration in poliby-making.
著者
葛原 茂樹
出版者
医学書院
巻号頁・発行日
pp.119-129, 2011-02-01

はじめに 太平洋熊野灘に面する紀伊半島の南岸一帯は,江戸時代までは紀伊国の牟婁と呼ばれていた。明治の廃藩置県によって東半分は北牟婁郡と南牟婁郡として三重県に編入され,西半分は和歌山県の東牟婁郡と西牟婁郡になり今日に至っている(Fig.1)。 この地域の中心部を流れる古座川流域には,「古座の足萎え病」の伝承があった1)。また,明治末にはわが国の神経学の創始者である三浦謹之助2)によって,紀伊から伊勢にかけての紀伊半島南岸にALSが多発することが指摘されていた。 このような伝承や医学的観察の知見を,1960年代以降に医学的手法によって研究し科学的知見に高めたのは,当時の和歌山県立医科大学精神科教授の木村 潔と,同科講師として研究を担った八瀬善郎であった3)。彼らは牟婁の風土病である「古座の足萎え病」が筋萎縮性側索硬化症(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:ALS)であることを明らかにしただけでなく,牟婁地方の広範な疫学調査によって,古座川と穂原の2地区にグアム島とならぶALS高集積地があることを発見した。紀伊半島集積地のALS(紀伊ALS)は神経病理学的には中枢神経系にAlzheimer神経原線維変化[Alzheimer neurofibrillary change (tangle):NFT]が多発し,グアムALSと同質の疾患と考えられた4)。 紀伊ALSの疫学と原因研究は,八瀬をリーダーとして米国のグアム病研究グループと共同で進められたが,原因解明がなされないままにグアムに引き続いて紀伊半島でもALSの発生が激減していき,1980年代にはこれらの地域での高頻度発生は終焉したことが報告された5,6)。 1990年に三重大学に神経内科が新設され,教授として着任した筆者7)は,かつて高集積地であった穂原地区から1年間に3名のALS患者が受診したことを契機に再調査を行い,ALS多発がなおも持続していることを確認しただけでなく,同じ集落にグアムのパーキンソン・認知症複合(parkinsonism-dementia complex:PDC)に臨床像が酷似した疾患も多発していることを観察し,剖検例によって神経病理学的にも確定した。紀伊ALSとPDCは臨床病理学的には同じスペクトル上の疾患と考えられており,ALS/PDCとして扱われることが多い。多発の原因に関しては,環境因,遺伝素因ともに解明されていない。 時間軸でみると,紀伊半島でもグアム島でも,ALS発生は激減し,PDCは減少しながらも持続しているが,近年は高齢者認知症が増加していることが報告されている8)。このような疫学像の変遷が何によってもたらされたのかは,ALSの成因や予防との関連で大きな関心が払われている。本稿ではこのような筋書きに沿って,牟婁病の歴史を振り返ってみたい。
著者
村上 敬宜 金崎 俊彦 福島 良博 田中 裕之 戸室 仁一 久保山 孝治 松栄 雅樹 伊藤 義雄 安藤 晴彦
出版者
一般社団法人 日本機械学会
雑誌
日本機械学会論文集 A編 (ISSN:03875008)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.75, no.749, pp.93-102, 2009-01-25 (Released:2017-06-09)
参考文献数
6
被引用文献数
4 7

The fatigue failure analysis of SUS316L flexible hose of the hydrogen station which was demonstrated during EXPO 2005 in Nagoya was carried out. The fatigue fracture surface where hydrogen leakage was detected showed clear striations which revealed a unique evidence of hydrogen effect on the ratio of striation height and spacing. The number of striations observed on the leakage fracture surface was 270. Considering that the number of hydrogen supply to the fuel cell buses was 280, it can be concluded that the fatigue fracture process during the demonstration is completely controlled by microplasticity resulting ductile fracture contrary to the conventional concept expressed with a term of decohesion or hydrogen embrittlement. The striation data were used to make the fatigue crack growth rate equation which was applied to the life prediction and structural integrity assessment for a new hydrogen station. The fatigue crack growth data showed the evidence of a strong frequency effect of fatigue crack growth rate of SUS316L used in the hydrogen environment with 8 minutes hydrogen supply time at the hydrogen station.

1 0 0 0 OA 官報

著者
大蔵省印刷局 [編]
出版者
日本マイクロ写真
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1917年08月21日, 1917-08-21
著者
藤田 武志
出版者
上越教育大学
雑誌
上越教育大学研究紀要 (ISSN:09158162)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.21, no.2, pp.567-588, 2002

日本と韓国の中学生の競争意識について以下の六点が見出された。第一に,競争意識を抱く者は両国とも少数派であり,中学生たちの意識は必ずしも「受験=競争」という図式でとらえることはできない。また,第二に,家族ぐるみの受験競争というイメージは,日本よりもむしろ韓国に対してあてはまる。しかし第三に,両国とも競争意識を抱く者が存在しないわけではなく,その割合や分布は,選抜システムの特徴によって規定されている。また第四に,競争の状態を不安感や内申書への気遣いといった意識面と,学習時間という行為面からとらえた場合,やはりそのありようは両国とも選抜システムの特徴と対応している。さらに第五に,東京都の競争の状態については,「ユニバーサル選抜型」推薦入試の導入という選抜システム的要因を加えると,より説明力が高まる。これらのことから第六に,受験競争のありようは選抜システムによって規定されている「受験競争の社会的構成」が確認された。これらの知見は,選抜システムの改革や評価は,理想的なモデルをもとにするのではなく,システムがどのような生徒にどのような影響を与えているのかという現実的な調査にもとづいて行う必要性を示唆するものである。