著者

牧 正志

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

まてりあ (ISSN:13402625)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.11, pp.557-563, 2015 (Released:2015-11-01)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1 11

著者

Keitaro Senoo Yusuke Kondo Yoshio Kobayashi Gregory YH Lip

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-17-1164, (Released:2017-12-27)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

5

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Background:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in the ageing population in East Asia. Silent cerebral infarction (SCI) is defined as cerebral infarction in the absence of corresponding clinical symptoms, and is a highly prevalent and morbid condition in AF. SCI is increasingly being recognized as a risk factor for future stroke, which can lead to cognitive decline or dementia. The latter is an increasingly common health problem in East Asia.Methods and Results:We conducted a meta-analysis to compare the association of AF and SCI between East Asian and non-Asian patients. AF was associated with SCI in patients with no symptomatic stroke history (relative risk [RR], 2.24; 95% CI: 1.26–3.99, I2=83%; P=0.006) although the prevalence varied widely between studies (P for heterogeneity<0.001). In non-Asian patients, the prevalence of SCI in AF is higher than that in controls (RR, 1.85; 95% CI: 1.65–2.08, I2=17%; P<0.001). There was no significant racial difference between Asian and non-Asian studies (P=0.53).Conclusions:In East Asia, AF was significantly associated with SCI and no racial difference was seen between East Asian and non-Asian patients. The present findings offer clinicians new insights into the association between AF and SCI.

著者

羽鳥 隆英 Hatori Takafusa

出版者

新潟大学人文学部

雑誌

人文科学研究 = Studies in humanities (ISSN:04477332)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, pp.T69-86, 2017-11

著者

八木 康幸 Yasuyuki Yagi

出版者

関西学院大学人文学会

雑誌

人文論究 (ISSN:02866773)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.3, pp.1-29, 2017-12

著者

前川 明寛 杉浦 佑輔

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 (ISSN:21879761)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.855, pp.17-00141-17-00141, 2017 (Released:2017-11-25)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

2

---

A no-backlash drive control technique in which two motors drive a load axis, as one is for a forward direction and another is for a reverseone,hastwo problems :1)the drive system has a remarkable power loss, 2) the 1st natural frequency of the drive system may cause a backlash.For the former problem,weemploy a torque crossover method, in which a part of torque reference of the drive-side motor gives to the driven-side motor and the resulted torque reference of the driven-side one is reduced.For the latter problem,we employ a ratedifference feedback method that feedbacks a signal in proportion to the difference between the forward direction motorvelocity and the reverse one to the each motor torque.We have shown through our analysis thatthetorquecrossover does not affect poles of the 1st natural frequency, andthat theratedifference feedbackimproves the damping of the 1st natural frequency directly and suppress its vibration.We evaluate our method in the non-linear simulation andexperiment:1) it is preferable to increase the damping of the1st natural frequency with theratedifference feedback and then decrease the motor current with theratedifference in the control system tuning, 2) the torque difference between the two motors is required to some extent for no-backlash drive, so torque crossover should not be increased unnecessarily.We have gotten the experimental results that the total motor current has been reduced by 40%.

著者

神田 由美子 桑原 輝隆

出版者

科学技術政策研究所 科学技術基盤調査研究室

巻号頁・発行日

2011-12 (Released:2012-03-13)

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本研究は、大学の個性化、機能分化が求められる状況下で、大学学部教員の研究活動にはどのような変化が起きているのかを考察することを目的としている。そのため、文部科学省が実施した「大学等におけるフルタイム換算データに関する調査(FTE調査)」の個票データを用いて、大学学部教員の活動を、大きく「研究」、「教育」、「社会サービス」、「その他」の4つに分類し、国・公・私立大学別、専門分野別及び論文数シェアによる大学グループ別といった点に着目して分析を試みた。2002年の調査時、全大学学部での研究時間割合は47.5%と職務時間全体の約半分を占めていたが、2008年調査では36.1%と、11.4ポイント減少した。このような研究時間割合の減少は、教育時間、及び社会サービス時間割合の増加によるところが大きい。国立大学や論文数シェアが大きい大学群では、研究時間の減少が抑えられているが、私立大学や論文数シェアが小さい大学群では研究時間の減少が著しくなっている。一方で、教育時間割合の増加は主に私立大学や論文数シェアが小さい大学群で起こっており、社会サービス時間割合の増加は主に公立大学や論文数シェアが中間層にある大学群で起こっている。

著者

宋王欽若等奉敕撰

出版者

五繍堂刊

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[147], 1642

著者

中原康富

出版者

写

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[75],

著者

加藤, 謙斎

出版者

浅野弥兵衛[ほか7名]

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[1], 1780

著者

安藤 貞 西田 武弘 石田 元彦 河智 義弘 加味 亜希子 瀬 寿美子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本食品科学工学会

雑誌

日本食品科学工学会誌 (ISSN:1341027X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.142-145, 2001-02-15 (Released:2010-01-20)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

3 10

---

乳牛の飼料にシナモン,バジル(ハーブミックス1)及びキャラウエイ,ローズマーリー(ハーブミックス2)からなるハーブミックスを乳牛に給与したところ,1期では牛乳中へハーブ成分の移行が確認され,ハーブミックス1では牛乳臭が低下するなどの風味の改善がみられたが,ハーブミックス2では風味の改善がみられなかった.2期では牛乳中へハーブ成分の移行が確認されなかった.

著者

伊藤 圭二

出版者

北海道大学

巻号頁・発行日

1965

---

博士論文

著者

宮崎 正三

出版者

北海道大学

巻号頁・発行日

1974

---

博士論文

著者

宮崎 正三 堀 了平 有田 隆一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.6, pp.629-633, 1975-06-25 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

2 6

---

Four different solid phases of tetracycline (trihydrate, anhydrate, dehydrate, and amorphous) were isolated. These phases were characterized by using IR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses. Dissolution behavior of these phases in distilled water was investigated and an appreciable difference in the dissolution behavior was detected between the amorphous and the other solid phases. The effect of the solid phases on bioavailability of tetracycline was also studied. Blood plasma levels obtained in rabbits and blood levels in rats after intraduodenal administration of the trihydrate and amorphous were compared, and its results indicated that the solubility difference between the two phases has an effect on the bioavailability of tetracycline. The cumulative excretion of tetracyc1ine in urine after oral administration of the two phases to human subjects was also examined and its results indicated that the cumulative amount after administration of the amorphous was slightly higher than that of the trihydrate.

著者

湯浅 龍三 今井 淳 森川 裕司 草嶋 久生 内田 広 入倉 勉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.102, no.5, pp.469-476, 1982-05-25 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2 6

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The presence of three kinds of hydrates of AM-715 (1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1, 4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid) was confirmed by elemental analysis, Karl-Fischer method, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. Anhydrous AM-715 was not hygroscopic under less than 36% of relative humidity, but easily transformed to 5/2-hydrate over 62-78% of relative humidity and 5-hydrate above 94% of relative humidity, at 40°C. Anhydrous AM-715 was transformed to 5/2-hydrate with the first-order kinetics and 5/2-hydrate was dehydrated according to the first-order kinetics with an activation energy of dehydration of 22 kcal/mol. The 5/2-hydrate was converted to 5-hydrate much slowly than anhydrous AM-715. Dissolution rates were determined in water by using tape procedure, showing a slight difference between anhydrous AM-715 and its hydrates. In order to determine the effect of hydration on bioavailability, the serum levels in dogs were measured after oral administration. There were no significant differences among bioavailability of anhydrous AM-715, its 5/2-hydrate and 5-hydrate.

著者

國友 勝

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.127, no.12, pp.1997-2014, 2007 (Released:2007-12-01)

参考文献数

108

被引用文献数

16 26

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Oxidative stress is a continuous level of oxidative damage in animal cells, which is caused by an overabundance of reactive oxygen species or a decline in antioxidant ability against them. Oxidative stress increases with individual risk factors of atherosclerosis such as obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and smoking. Thus, oxidative stress is considered to play a key role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This review discusses the relationship between oxidative stress and atherosclerosis based on findings from our research group. We have found that atherosclerotic lesions are formed in the aorta of mice fed a high-cholesterol and high-linoleic diet, in parallel with elevated serum lipid peroxide levels. This model is useful for primary screening of antiatherosclerotic agents with antioxidative activity. One notable factor in the development of atherosclerosis is oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL). In order to examine OxLDL levels in blood, we have developed anion-exchange HPLC methods using stepwise elution. Using these methods, we have found that OxLDL markedly increases in a rat model of metabolic syndrome, in animals exposed to cigarette smoke and in smokers in parallel with other oxidative stress markers. These oxidative stress markers have been attenuated by administration of several antioxidants. In addition, we have found that smoking accelerates atherogenesis in the aorta of apoE-deficient mice and this acceleration can be ameliorated by administration of vitamin E. These observations suggest that antioxidant supplementation may be an effective therapeutic strategy for metabolic syndrome and smoking-induced diseases in which elevated oxidative stress plays a pivotal role.

著者

粟田 則男 山本 恵一 中川 寛 杉本 功 坂田 英彦 佐藤 久

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.99, no.2, pp.141-145, 1979-02-25 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1 2

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Acebutolol hydrochloride was proved by thermal analysis (DTA and TG), IR spectra, and X-ray powder diffraction to have three crystalline forms (form I, II, and III) and an amorphous form. The amorphous form, which was stored at 20°under 91% R.H., was first transformed to forms II and III, and then it was finally transformed to form I. During this transformation, the incorporation and release of water were examined. Form I was stable at this condition, while form II was transformed to form I for 48 hr, and form III was transformed to form I for 2 hr. Further, it was found that the amorphous form was transformed to form II at 80°under 50% R.H. for 3 hr, but at 80°under vacuum it was transformed to form III. Form I at 138°for 8 hr and form III at 130°for 4 hr were transformed to form II. From these results it was concluded that form I was the most stable form at room temperature.

著者

岡田 芳男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.10, pp.1141-1154, 2009 (Released:2009-10-01)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

3 5

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This review documents my research for the past 45 years in peptide chemistry. Initially, in order to study the structure-activity relationships of active center of α- and β-melanocyte stimulating hormones (H-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-OH), we employed D-amino acids. That approach yielded first published report in 1965 of antagonists containing D-amino acids. Monkey β-melanocyte stimulating hormone (β-MSH), an 18 amino acid peptide stimulated pigment cells. We synthesized β-MSH and fragments thereof, and studied in detail structure-activity relationships. A major and valuable result revealed that the C-terminal pentadecapeptide of β-MSH exhibited higher MSH activity than the parent hormone providing a new question; namely, what was the role of the N-terminal tripeptide? In order to identify the novel enzyme, spleen fibrinolytic proteinase (SFP), I developed a specific chromogenic substrate, Suc-Ala-Tyr-Leu-Val-pNA, and a specific inhibitor, Suc-Tyr-D-Leu-D-Val-pNA, once again employing my D-amino acid strategy. SFP was purified by affinity chromatography using Suc-Tyr-D-Leu-D-Val-pNA as the bound ligand. The success of this approach provided me the incentive to develop a variety of potential drugs. Thus, I prepared a specific plasmin inhibitor (YO-2) and a plasma kallikrein inhibitor (PKSI-527). Next, my research developed novel opioid receptor specific opioid agonists and antagonists based on 2′,6′-dimethyl-L-tyrosine (Dmt) dimers coupled with unique pyrazinone ring as a spacer. They exhibited potent oral antinociceptive activity acting through the μ-opioid receptor. Potent μ-receptor agonists (H-Dmt-Pro-Phe/Trp- Phe-NH2) were transformed into highly selective μ-receptor antagonists (N-allyl-Dmt-Pro-Phe/Trp-Phe-NH2), which reversed ethanol-induced increases in GABAergic neurotransmission, suggesting the possibility that they may emerge as candidates for the treatment of ethanol addiction.

著者

渡辺 大一 福谷 俊 伊川 博 山浦 哲明 加瀬 則子 水谷 弘子

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.11, pp.4855-4858, 1986-11-25 (Released:2008-03-31)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

2 2

---

Two crystal forms of the new dihydropyridine derivative, methyl (E)-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-yl 1, 4-dihydro-2, 6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)pyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate (FRC-8411), were obtained by recrystallization from methanol. These crystal forms were identified by using powder X-ray diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry. By means of DSC, the melting points of forms I and II were found to be 140 and 121°C, respectively.Forms I and II, having a similar particle size distribution, were administered orally or intravenously to spontaneously hypertensive rats. In the case of oral administration, the hypotensive action of form I was milder than that of form II and tachycardia was not observed after administration of form I.

出版者

写

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第20冊分冊ノ2 (家基公 御元服・御官位御祝儀之御赦ニ付前々御,

著者

斎藤 勝 籔 晴夫 山崎 昌弘 松村 阜子 加藤 日出男

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.652-658, 1982-02-25 (Released:2008-03-31)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

3 5

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The existence of four crystalline forms (forms I, II and III, and a hydrate) and an amorphous form of tulobuterol hydrochloride was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and thermal analyses (DSC and TG). The hydrate was found to be the monohydrate by elemental analysis and measurement of water content. From the DSC measurement, it was found that forms I and II melted at 163°C and 170°C, and their heats of fusion were 5.15 kcal/mol and 4.76 kcal/mol, respectively. Form III, the amorphous form and the hydrate transformed into form II at 135°C, 90°C and 75°C, respectively. Activation energy for the dehydration of the hydrate determined by Kissinger's method was 56.1 kcal/mol. No crystal changes were observed in the four crystalline forms when they were ground in a mortar or compressed at high pressure ; however, after such mechanical treatments form I transformed into form II on being heated. The investigation of phase transitions of the four crystals showed that form II was the most stable among them.