著者
So Sugiyama Shigeru Satoh
出版者
一般社団法人 園芸学会
雑誌
The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.MI-025, (Released:2015-02-21)
被引用文献数
7

2,4-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid (2,4-PDCA) was shown to prolong the vase life of cut flowers of spray-type ‘Light Pink Barbara’ (LPB) carnation, mainly due to the reduced ethylene production caused by inhibition of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase in the flowers. In addition, 2,4-PDCA has been suggested to accelerate flower opening in the flowers (Satoh et al., 2014). In the present study, we successfully developed a procedure to evaluate the activity of chemicals to accelerate flower (bud) opening by determining the shortened time (in days) to flower opening. Using this procedure, we could show the activities of several PDCA analogs to accelerate flower opening, in addition to their already-known activity to extend the vase life in cut flowers of ‘LPB’ carnation. Judging from their effectiveness in the acceleration of flower opening and extension of vase life, 2,3-PDCA and 2,4-PDCA were thought to be suitable agents for treatment of the flowers. The present study confirmed that PDCAs accelerate flower opening and retard senescence, which increase the number of open flowers, resulting in extension of the vase life of cut flowers of ‘LPB’ carnation.
著者
Tadahisa Higashide Ken-ichiro Yasuba Takeshi Kuroyanagi Akimasa Nakano
出版者
一般社団法人 園芸学会
雑誌
The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.MI-010, (Released:2015-02-21)
被引用文献数
3 24

To investigate the mechanism of yield increase by elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) and fogging in Japanese tomato cultivars (Solanum lycopersicum), total above-ground dry matter (TDM), fraction of dry matter distribution to fruit (FDF), and photosynthetic characteristics were measured in 3 Japanese cultivars grown in elevated CO2 with fogging and ambient CO2 without fogging. Fresh fruit yield and TDM were improved by the elevated CO2 and fogging in the 3 Japanese cultivars. Light use efficiency (LUE) was also increased by the elevated CO2 and fogging. No significant decrease in FDF was observed by the elevated CO2 and fogging in 2 Japanese cultivars, ‘Asabiyori 10’ and ‘Junkei Aichi Fast’. Thus, the increase in TDM by higher LUE contributed directly to the yield increase in these 2 cultivars. However, FDF in ‘Momotaro York’ was decreased significantly by the elevated CO2 and fogging. Thereby, the yield increase by the elevated CO2 and fogging was diminished in ‘Momotaro York’ in spite of the increase in TDM. The number of trusses having immature fruit in ‘Momotaro York’ under elevated CO2 and fogging was significantly higher than those of the others, although no increase in the number of trusses having immature fruit was observed in the other 2 cultivars. Although vegetative growth characteristics such as leaf area, LAI, and fresh and dry weights of leaves and stem were increased by the elevated CO2 and fogging, no negative effects such as a change in light-extinction coefficient and a decrease in maximum photosynthetic rate were observed. The elevated CO2 and fogging increased the number of harvested fruit but decreased weight per fruit, namely, fruit size, in the 3 cultivars.
著者
Hiroshi Iwanami Yuki Moriya-Tanaka Chikako Honda Masato Wada
出版者
一般社団法人 園芸学会
雑誌
The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.CH-112, (Released:2015-02-21)
被引用文献数
1 2

The thinning of flowers or fruit is an essential part of the commercial production of quality apples. Although chemical thinners are generally used in apple orchards throughout the world, hand-thinning remains essential for controlling crop load to improve fruit quality and return bloom. The objectives of this study were to investigate factors that determine the time required for hand-thinning and to elucidate cultivar-related efficiency of hand-thinning. In all cultivars, the time taken for hand-thinning per cluster became shorter after petal fall, but the degree of this decrease differed among cultivars. The time taken for hand-thinning depended on both how much and when natural abscission of fruitlets occurred. The times required for hand-thinning were very similar among clusters with four, five, or six flowers/fruitlets, which was twice as long as that required for clusters with two or three flowers/fruitlets. This means that the time required for hand-thinning clusters is critically reduced when the number of flowers/fruitlets within a cluster is three or fewer. The time required for hand-thinning clusters of axillary buds became significantly longer from bloom to 7 days after bloom, and then decreased gradually from 7 to 25 days after bloom. When the proportion of clusters with three or fewer fruitlets is 50% at 15 days after bloom, the planting area of the cultivar that a person is able to hand-thin (six hours per day) from 10 to 30 days after bloom was 24.3 a, which was 40% larger than that of a cultivar in which the proportion of clusters with three or fewer fruitlets is 50% at 30 days after bloom (17.4 a). Therefore, the introduction of cultivars in which fruit abscission occurs at an early stage and on a large scale is a solution for reducing the labor costs of hand-thinning.
著者
谷口 忠大 椹木 哲夫
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, no.6, pp.493-501, 2004 (Released:2004-09-03)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
2 3

In this paper, a new machine-learning method, called Dual-Schemata model, is presented. Dual-Schemata model is a kind of self-organizational machine learning methods for an autonomous robot interacting with an unknown dynamical environment. This is based on Piaget's Schema model, that is a classical psychological model to explain memory and cognitive development of human beings. Our Dual-Schemata model is developed as a computational model of Piaget's Schema model, especially focusing on sensori-motor developing period. This developmental process is characterized by a couple of two mutually-interacting dynamics; one is a dynamics formed by assimilation and accommodation, and the other dynamics is formed by equilibration and differentiation. By these dynamics schema system enables an agent to act well in a real world. This schema's differentiation process corresponds to a symbol formation process occurring within an autonomous agent when it interacts with an unknown, dynamically changing environment. Experiment results obtained from an autonomous facial robot in which our model is embedded are presented; an autonomous facial robot becomes able to chase a ball moving in various ways without any rewards nor teaching signals from outside. Moreover, emergence of concepts on the target movements within a robot is shown and discussed in terms of fuzzy logics on set-subset inclusive relationships.
著者
東条 敏
雑誌
情報処理
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.9, pp.1099-1105, 2008-09-15
著者
村田 嘉利
出版者
一般社団法人電子情報通信学会
雑誌
電子情報通信学会誌 (ISSN:09135693)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.80, no.8, pp.844-849, 1997-08-25
被引用文献数
6

電車の中でPCと携帯電話を使ってデータを送っている人を見かけるようになった. その背景には, PC等の小型・軽量化と相よって, 携帯電話等を使って安定にデータ伝送可能になったことが大きい. モバイルコンピューティングMC市場は, 今後大きく成長すると期待されており, 無線パケット等の新たな通信システムやスマートホン等が次々と提供されている. MCの利用により, いつでも・どこでも端末相互間/端末〜センター間でデータ通信が可能となり, 人々を時間的・場所的制約から解放する新たな利用形態が模索されている.
著者
田村 幸雄 須田 健一 吉田 昭仁 松井 正宏
出版者
一般社団法人 日本風工学会
雑誌
日本風工学会年次研究発表会・梗概集 平成19年度日本風工学会年次研究発表会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.40, 2007 (Released:2008-01-11)

2005年12月25日,JR羽越本線特急いなほ14号が寒冷前線の通過中の山形県酒田市付近において,突風に煽られて脱線し,死者5名,負傷者32名の痛ましい惨事が発生した。運転手や乗客の証言や当時の気象状況等から判断して,脱線に突風が大きく絡んでいたであろうことは明白である。しかし,事故から1年以上経過した現在(2007年2月)においても,突風が竜巻によるものかダウンバーストによるものか,あるいは他の原因によるものかを,気象庁は一切明らかにしていない。また,最近の一連の突風災害に対して社会が大きな関心を持つようになった最大の要因である当該脱線事故をもたらしたこの突風について,気象庁のHPに公開されている「災害をもたらした竜巻一覧(1971~2006)」にも「災害をもたらした気象事例(平成元~17年)」にも収録されておらず,まるで何事もなかったかの如き様子である。本報告は,脱線現場の直ぐ西側にあり,突風によって破壊した農機具小屋に作用する風力実験結果,および基礎,壁面,屋根面などの飛散状況の詳細な調査に基づいて,破壊と飛散のシナリオを検討し,当時の風況を推定したものである。
著者
[松平定信] [編]
出版者
[出版者不明]
巻号頁・発行日
vol.扁額 二, 1900
著者
高田 彰二
出版者
物性研究刊行会
雑誌
物性研究 (ISSN:05252997)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.75, no.4, pp.779-784, 2001-01-20

この論文は国立情報学研究所の電子図書館事業により電子化されました。
著者
後藤 正夫 黄 奔立 牧野 孝宏 後藤 孝雄 稲葉 忠興
出版者
日本植物病理学会
雑誌
日本植物病理学会報 (ISSN:00319473)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.2, pp.189-197, 1988-04-25 (Released:2009-02-19)
参考文献数
40
被引用文献数
19 17

静岡県,香川県および徳島県でチャ芽,野菜およびモクレンの花から分離した氷核活性細菌について分類学的研究を行った。1978~80年静岡県で, 1987年香川県でチャ芽から分離した氷核活性細菌は,後者の1菌株を除きすべてErwinia ananasと同定された。これに対し, 1986年および1987年の両年に静岡県で,また1987年に徳島県で分離された氷核活性細菌は前者の1菌株を除き,すべてXanthomonas属細菌であった。このxanthomonadは最高生育温度等2, 3の性質を除き,形態,生理・生化学的性質からX. campestrisと同定されたが,チャをはじめ供試した数種野菜には病原性を示さず,ジャガイモ切片をわずかに軟化したのみであった。この結果,本菌をX. campestrisの新亜種と位置づけるのが妥当と考えた。タイサイ等の緑葉野菜,チャ芽およびモクレンの花から分離した氷核活性pseudomonadはすべてPseudomonas syringaeと同じ細菌学的性質を示した。これらは分離した植物,野菜類,Delphinium spp. に病原性を示さなかったが,ライラックに対しては接種した菌株のすべてが病原性を示したことからP. syringae pv. syringaeと同定した。ワサビから分離したpseudomonadはP. cichoriiに類似した性質を示したが,蛍光色素非産生,非病原性等からこれとは異なる細菌と判定した。これらの氷核活性細菌は,いずれも高い氷核活性を示し,過冷却温度は-2.8~-3.0Cにあったが,ワサビ菌株は-4C~-5Cであった。