著者
永井 正夫 ポンサトーン ラクシンチャラーンサク
出版者
東京農工大学
雑誌
挑戦的萌芽研究
巻号頁・発行日
2011

本研究では、全国の交通事故の3割を占めている追突事故に焦点を絞って、運転中の居眠りや不注意を外乱変動とみなし、ドライバパラメータや操作量の分析にモデルベースのロバスト設計手法を導入して、人間機械系のドライバモデルを定量的に扱う手法の確立を目的として研究を実施した。2年間の研究期間の具体的な実施内容は以下のとおりである。(1)シミュレータ及び実車による走行実験により、速度制御にかかわる運転行動パラメータを抽出し、(2)調布と富士河口湖町の間の高速道路における公道実験データを収集して、(3)走行時の運転行動データとドライバモデルの出力との比較による眠気状態の分析を実施し、(4)顔画像による居眠り状態の分析と比較することにより、ドライバの注意力低下を判断できることを示した。基本的に、前後運動の理想的な速度制御モデルは、リスクポテンシャル理論に基づいており、結果的にはバネマス系で構成されるドライバモデルとして構築をした。この成果をさらに拡張して、アクセル・ブレーキペダルによる速度制御モデルだけではなく、ハンドル操作に基づく車線維持制御モデルと統合することにより、より精度よくドライバの居眠り状態や注意力低下状態を判断できるモデルを構築した。この成果は事故を未然に防ぐことを目的とした予防安全技術への応用として期待される。
著者
小笠原 徳子 高野 賢一 阿部 亜由美 才川 悦子 海崎 文 関 伸彦 吉野 真代 今野 綾美 山内 誠 新谷 朋子 四ツ柳 高敏 氷見 徹夫
出版者
日本小児耳鼻咽喉科学会
雑誌
小児耳鼻咽喉科 (ISSN:09195858)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.3, pp.360-365, 2013 (Released:2014-03-20)
参考文献数
17

先天性小耳症は発生頻度の低い稀な先天奇形であるが,外表奇形として出生直後より認識され,聴力評価などで耳鼻咽喉科を初診することが多い。外表奇形に対する手術は本邦では形成外科で施行される。今回我々は当院形成外科にて耳介形成術を施行した患児73例に対して,外表奇形の分類,聴力評価,味覚障害の有無,顔面神経麻痺の評価,中耳・内耳奇形の有無について解析を行い,外表奇形とそれぞれの項目に関して比較検討をおこなった。さらに国内外における従来の報告と本解析に相違があるかを検討した。  小耳症は,片側小耳症が90%をしめ,多くは外表奇形に対する治療が中心となる。しかしながら,聴力の継続的評価や真珠腫性中耳炎の早期発見,外耳道形成術,伝音再建の適応など耳鼻咽喉科医が把握,対応する事項の重要性が再認識された。
著者
石井 あゆ美
出版者
大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科臨床死生学研究室
雑誌
生老病死の行動科学 (ISSN:1349435X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17-18, pp.15-32, 2014-03

Previous research has shown that musical mood, preference for musical pieces, and nostalgia for musical pieces elicit pleasant emotion. However, previous studies have used a scale on musical mood that contained items regarding nostalgia, and despite the fact that nostalgia has been described as a complex feeling, most of studies have measured nostalgia on only a single dimension. This study reexamined the factor structure of the musical mood scale and developed a scale that measures multiple dimensions of nostalgia in order to determine which of these dimensions elicits positive emotion. Fortyone undergraduate and graduate students were asked to answer a multi-dimensional nostalgia scale after listening to music that was nostalgic for their generation. They also answered three scales on the elicited positive emotion, preference for musical pieces, and musical mood. Multilevel model analysis showed that only wistfulness significantly enhanced deactivating positive emotion, even after controlling for musical mood.
著者
工藤 元男
出版者
東洋史研究会
雑誌
東洋史研究 (ISSN:03869059)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.72, no.2, pp.222-254, 2013-09

In this paper, the author analyzes the relation among the rishu 日書, shiri 視日, and zhiri 質日 on the basis of excavated written materials that have attracted attention in recent years and considers the background of the formation of the juzhuli 具注暦, an annotated calendar. The calendar, called the lipu 暦譜, was produced by the central government every year, and edited into several versions in the process of its dissemination to local areas from the center, and these calendars were used for various purposes. The shiri and zhiri may have been made at the most local levels of the government administration for a variety of functions. Calling the shiri (reading-the-day calendar) which contained solar terms, festivals, and annotations might be derived from the idea of a calendar being for "reading" (shi 視) the good and/or bad omens of a day. A precursor of the shiri was an official post of the same name seen in Chu bamboo strips. It is thought that the shiri that appears in the Chu strips was an official who "read" good or bad omens for the day when a legal appeal was received. The duties of the shiri were carried on in later generations by Zhou Wen of the late Qin era, as well is the gongche that appear in the practices of the reign of Emperor Ming of the Later Han dynasty ; and in connection with this, one of the calendars made especially for reading good or bad omens for certain days was the qinian shiri 七年視日 (Yuanguang yuannian lipu 元光元年暦譜). The juzhuli may have be born out of such trends. In contrast, the zhiri was a calendar used exclusively as an official note for officials to record public activities. At first glance, the zhiri closely resembles the shiri, but the zhiri has no calendrical annotations ; and therein we can distinctly see the differing functions of the two. As far as can be gleaned from the circumstances of their excavation, the rishu emerged, by way of contrast, in the Chu state during the late Warring States period, passed through the periods of the Qin state and the Qin empire, and were concentrated in reigns of Emperor Wen and Emperor Jing in the Former Han. They existed as late as the end of the Former Han and into the early Later Han. Most of the owners of tombs who buried rishu belonged to the lower official class in the commanderies and counties. It can be surmised that the bureaucracy and the commandery-and-county system developed at this time as the background to such a situation. For the local official class who frequently made official trips as a result of this reorganization of the government system, the rishu was an indispensable tool for divining the future. In other words, the development of the bureaucracy and commandery-county system increased occasions for official trips, and the rishu and shiri, as well as the zhiri, as a note of official trips, emerged at the time as reflections of such circumstances.
著者
小松 久恵
出版者
人間文化研究機構地域研究推進事業「現代インド地域研究」
雑誌
現代インド研究 (ISSN:21859833)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, pp.131-151, 2013-02

著名なマールワーリー商人の自伝や日記において、彼らはガーンディーを信奉し独立運動を熱心に支持する質実剛健な姿で描かれている。しかし1920 年代後半に刊行された人気ヒンディー雑誌の特集には、マールワーリーは享楽豪奢で後進的な姿で表象される。自己表象とは180度異なるこのイメージは、都市部に移住したマールワーリーの「他者性」だけでなく、表象する側、つまり当時の北インドエリートが直面していた自身のアイデンティティーの揺れもまた表している。近代ナショナリストとしての自己イメージを確立するため、彼らはマールワーリーに「ミラーイメージ」としての役割を課した。In autobiographies and diaries by prominent Marwari traders, such as Jamnalal Bajaj and G.D. Birla, they represented themselves as very simple and diligent men who had been eagerly supporting the independence movement under the influence of M.K. Gandhi. However, in the special issue of Chand magazine published in November 1929, which featured the Marwaris, they were represented as 'others' and depicted with a totally opposite image, namely fast-living, greedy, stingy, mean, conservative, backward and so on. It shows us not only the Marwari image of 'otherness' defined by the so-called elites in Northern India but also illustrates the antilogy of the elites who themselves were floundering between modernity exemplified by the material realm and tradition embodied in the spiritual realm.
著者
川口 琢司
出版者
公益財団法人史学会
雑誌
史學雜誌 (ISSN:00182478)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.122, no.10, pp.1661-1698, 2013-10-20

This paper examines the winter quarters of Timur (1336?-1405) and their significance in his governance of the regime he founded. Timur's decision to eschew seasonal migration in favor of spending his winters in palaces with permanent architectural structures, his choice of their locations and the reasons for that choice all do not conform to the traditional Turko-Mongolian nomadic lifestyle, and thus cannot be fully explained from a pastoral viewpoint. Before founding his regime, Timur established his power based in the Khashka River basin, building his main winter quarters at his native city of Kish and at Qarshi, the latter of which was closely affiliated with the khans of Chaghatay Ulus. However, after founding his regime, he decided to establish a capital at Samarqand, which, although,best suited as the location for summer quarters, was made to serve as Timur's winter quarters, in order to better concentrate on domestic political affairs. Then from the mid-1370s on, he often spent his winters in Zanjir Saray, in the suburbs of Qarshi, for the purpose of ruling in place of the last politically powerful khan of the Chaghatay Ulus. Then, after his incursions into Western Asia, which began around 1380, Timur set up Kish as a capital located between Samaqand and Qarshi, resulting in a dual capital system. It was during 1387-88 that Timur would lose his important winter quarters as the result of the invasion of Mawarannahr by Toqtamish's army, which destroyed Zanjir Saray. From that time on, in the midst of repeated expeditions into Western Asia and the Qipchaq Steppe, the Qarabagh Plain in Northwestern Iran became favored as the location of Timur's winter quarters. Timur's rebuilding of Baylaqan and the construction of new canals was aimed at establishing the center of western regional imperial governance in Qarabagh, and a main highway with a system of relay stations functioned to connect Northwestern Iran with Central Asia. During his twilight years, Timur spent most of his remaining life in the Irano-Islamic garden spots (bagh) on the outskirts of Samarqand, where he constructed palaces to pass his winters. Theses baghs were architectural tributes to his imperial power and functioned as harems. Along with the construction of the town of Misr on the main highway between Samarqand and Kish, he provided baghs with palaces, pasture land, rest accommodations and way stations for travelers using the highway. It was in this way that the trunk line and its environs took on the appearance of a "capital region" for the empire.

1 0 0 0 OA 朝鮮史

著者
朝鮮史編修会 編
出版者
朝鮮総督府
巻号頁・発行日
vol.第四編第一巻,
著者
森安 孝夫
出版者
東方学会
雑誌
東方学 (ISSN:04957199)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.126, pp.142-124, 2013-07
著者
森安 孝夫 モリヤス タカオ Moriyasu Takao
出版者
中央ユーラシア学研究会
雑誌
内陸アジア言語の研究 (ISSN:13415670)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, pp.41-71, 1997-07
被引用文献数
1

NOTE: 図版あり/with PLATES (3MB)
著者
竹沢 誠二
出版者
公益社団法人日本船舶海洋工学会
雑誌
造船協会誌 (ISSN:03861597)
巻号頁・発行日
no.408, pp.289-293, 1963-08-25
被引用文献数
1

概 要 さきに操縦性能研究用としての模型船無線操縦装置の一方式について紹介したが(会誌375号)。今般その追加装置である計測装置が完成したので大要を述べさせていただく。広義の船型試験の観点に立って考えると, 無拘束状態で自由に操縦される模型船の利用範囲は広く, 水面の条件さえ整えば, (1)平水中の操縦性試験, (2)斜波中の運動性試験, (3)波浪中の操縦性試験, (4)いわゆる直進時自航試験, などの可能性が考えられる。ここに述べる計測装置は当面の対象としては, (1)を考えて製作されたものであるが, (2)以下についても若干の考慮をして計画されたものである。対象になる計測要素は主として船内でピック・アップされる。したがって計測量を船内で自記させるか, 無線で地上へ送り地上で記録させるかによって計測システムの格は大巾に相異したものとなる。前者は装置が簡単にな性り取扱いに便であり, 故障要素も少ないので従来の装置は全部この方式に類する。後者は, 操縦しながら実験の成否が判別できる便があるが, 装置が複雑となりしたがって故障要素も多い, さらに計測量の無線電送による誤差が含まれる欠点がある。航空機の実機試験, ミサイルの実射試験などでは, 試験自体が巨額の費用と多大な工数を要すること, 特にミサイルでは回収不能であることから, 後者を採用している。模型船試験では後者を選択する必要性が多いとはいえないが, われわれの場合対象船型の特殊性から, すでに無線操縦装置が担当複雑なものとなり実験の複雑化が予想されるので, それが完全に成功すれば大なる利点が考えられる計測量の無線電送を試みてみることにした。船の軌跡の測定はこのような試験では重要な位置を占める。船内で船速および方位角を連続計測し, それらをテレメーターし地上で実船の航跡自画機のようなものに入れれば軌跡を画かせることは可能であるが, 船速を精確に船内で測定するのは困難であるので, 得られる軌跡も不精確にならざるを得ない。したがって軌跡の測定は従来のように地上から船を追跡する方式によることにした。ゆえに本装置は船内に設置される各種計測器, 計測量送受信装置, および航跡測定装置の3つに大別される。
著者
齊藤 茂雄
出版者
公益財団法人史学会
雑誌
史學雜誌 (ISSN:00182478)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.122, no.9, pp.1542-1568, 2013-09-20

The remnants of the Second Turk Qaghanate (682〜744), which was overthrown in southern Mongolia by a rebel alliance made up of Uighurs, Basmils and Qarluqs, are described as 'Bug-chor in the Old Tibetan document, P.t.1283, written after the fall of the Qaghanate. The name 'Bug-chor has been identified with the name Mochuo 黙啜, which is the Chinese rendering for Qapγan Qaγan (691〜716), although the reason why these remnants were called 'Bug-ehor, (i.e., Qapγan Qaγan) has heretofore not been made clear. This article is an attempt to find out why and analyze the inner workings of the Qaghanate. The author begins with the fact that one Ozmis Qaγan, who was killed by the rebels before the fall of the Qaghanate, was called Mochuo in a certain Chinese imperial proclamation and epitaph. That is to say, the followers of Ozmis Qaγan were continually referred to as Mochuo after the fall of the Qaghanate, which is why document P.t.1283 refers to this group in Tibetan as 'Bug-chor. Ozmis Qaγan was the son of Pan-que Tegin 判闕特勤 of the left sad under the reign of Deng-li 登利 Qaγan; and the term 'Bug-chor dates back to that period of the left sad. 'Bug-chor can also be traced further back to Qapγan Qaγan, after whose death Kol Tegin 闕特勤, the son of Qutlur 骨咄禄 (682〜691) staged a coup d'etat, purged the near relatives and the followers of Qapγan Qaγan, and placed his elder brother, Bilga Qaγan (716〜734), on the throne. During Kol Tegin's purges, the Qapγan family took refuge near the Kara Irtis River, which became the territory of Tuo-xi 拓西 Qaγan, Qapγan's son, and a base of resistance against Bilga Qaγan. Although surrendering to Bilga Qaγan in 720, the Qapγan family rebelled against Deng-li Qaγan after the death of Bilga. The Qapγan family called themselves 'Bug-chor as the direct descendants of Qapγan Qaγan. It was Ozmis Qaγan who became the last leader of this group and the Turk Qaghanate. In conclusion, the author shows the existence of serious political opposition between the two ruling factions of the Turk Qaghanate, in that after the death of Qutlur, the throne was usurped Qapγan Qaγan, then after the latter's death power was grabbed by Kol Tegin in a coup d'etat expressing dissatisfaction with the Qapγan Qaγan faction. The Qapγan family then organized itself as 'Bug-nor in opposition to the coup d'etat and launched a campaign of resistance against Bilga and Deng-li Qaγan.