著者

成田良悟 [著]

出版者

角川書店 (発売)

巻号頁・発行日

2004

著者

池田 昌彦

出版者

浜松医科大学

巻号頁・発行日

2003-09-19

被引用文献数

48

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浜松医科大学学位論文 医博第406号(平成15年09月19日)

著者

原田 敬一

出版者

佛教大学

雑誌

鷹陵史学 (ISSN:0386331X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.121-149, 1992-03-31

著者

五之治 昌比呂

出版者

京都大学西洋古典研究会

雑誌

西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.260-278, 2010-03-28

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Engerbert Kämpfer's so-called 'Sakoku-ron' (On Japan's closed country) is an essay arguing the validity of Japan's closed country in the 17th century. It is included in his Amoenitates Exoticae, written in Latin, which is the only book he published during his lifetime. He was preparing a larger-scale book about Japan in German, Heutiges Japan, which contained a lot of information he had collected during his stay in Japan as a doctor of the Dutch East Indian Company. Unfortunately, he did not see it published during his life and a large collection of his drafts and notes were left to his heirs. After a complicated process, two celebrated books were produced by editing the drafts of Kämpfer's unpublished work on Japan: J. C. Scheuchzer's English translation and C. W. Dohm's German edition. Both authors included translations of Kämpfer's essays on Japan from Amoenitates Exoticae, including Sakoku-ron, as an appendix to their books. After publication, these two books were subsequently so successful and widely read that little attention was paid to the Latin original. Most arguments on these texts, especially Sakoku-ron, have been usually based on the translations (especially Dohm's). The aim of my paper is to compare closely the Latin original and the translations and to reveal some remarkable differences among them. On the whole, Dohm's translation is faithful to the original, while Scheuchzer's is full of free, often arbitrary, paraphrases and supplements. Yet, even Dohm's translation, upon close comparison and examination, reveals differences from Kämpfer's original. Some of them are clearly Dohm's own simple errors and misunderstandings, but some are possibly his intentional alterations. In some cases he changed the positive expressions of the original into negative or neutral ones. Evidently he was highly critical of Kämpfer's excessive admiration of Japan, since at the end of his translation he placed long supplementary notes to show his objections to Kämpfer's several comments or arguments on Japan. It is, therefore, appropriate to conclude that Dohm's personal attitude is reflected in the negative alterations made in his translation.

著者

Christopher R. MARTELL

出版者

プシコロギア会

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.2, pp.131-137, 2013 (Released:2013-08-30)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2 5

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Behavioral treatments for depression that originated in the early 1970s have emerged again in the early 21st century known as Behavioral Activation (BA). The current formulation of BA is based on the earlier work, and represents a refinement rather than a completely new approach. As the treatment has gained in popularity, several misconceptions and misunderstandings about the treatment have developed: that it is unique; that there are multiple, substantially different forms of BA; that the treatment requires specific strategies be used in all cases; and that the treatment is conducted in a lock-step fashion. In this article one of the primary authors of the main texts/protocols for BA argues that these are misconceptions and that BA needs to remain a treatment driven by a good functional analysis of the individual case, and that, at the most basic level, BA is just good behavior therapy for depression.

著者

高山彦九郎先生遺徳顕彰会 編

出版者

博文館

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第1巻 (日記篇 [1]), 1943

著者

高須 裕彦

出版者

社会政策学会

雑誌

社会政策 (ISSN:18831850)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.51-63, 2010-06-25

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本稿の課題は,日本の労働組合運動の新たな動きをアメリカの社会運動ユニオニズムと比較し,日本における社会運動ユニオニズムの可能性について論ずることである。まず,アメリカの社会運動ユニオニズムのモデルを示す。それを現在の日本の労働運動と比較し,日本の労働運動のどこに社会運動ユニオニズムの可能性があるのかを議論する。「年越し派遣村」や「反貧困ネットワーク」は,労働運動と社会運動の結節点としての「場」になっていること,草の根のユニオンは労働相談を出発点にネットワークを形成し,派遣切りにあった労働者の深刻な現実に向き合うなかで,派遣村に合流していること,連合は地域労働運動の強化と非正規労働問題への取り組みを進めながら,地域の社会運動やNPOなどとの連携を模索し,「全国ユニオン」の要請を受けて派遣村に参加したこと,これらの運動に今後,社会運動ユニオニズムとして発展していく可能性があることを論じる。

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1930年11月20日, 1930-11-20

著者

進藤 裕之 松本 裕治 永田 昌明

雑誌

研究報告数理モデル化と問題解決(MPS)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2013-MPS-93, no.6, pp.1-6, 2013-05-16

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自然言語処理分野における統計的文法獲得では,確率文法モデルの学習にGibbsサンプリング法が広く用いられている.しかしながら,木構造データを扱う場合には,Gibbsサンプリング法のように変数の値を一つずつ順番に更新していく方法では局所解に留まりやすく,十分に尤度の高い解を得られないという問題がある.この問題を解決するために,我々は新たな部分木のブロック化サンプリング法を提案する.本手法は,データ中に現れる共通の部分木まとめてブロック化し,ブロックに含まれる変数の同時分布からサンプリングを行う.そして,その部分木ブロック化サンプラーを従来のマルコフ連鎖モンテカルロ法と組み合わせて交互に実行することにより,目的関数の最適解を効率良く探索することができる.シンボル細分化文脈自由文法を用いて統計的文法獲得の実験を行ったところ,提案手法は既存手法よりも尤度の高い文法規則が獲得できることを確認した.

出版者

北辰日報社

巻号頁・発行日

1936

著者

小幡 道昭

出版者

東京大学経済学会

雑誌

経済学論集 (ISSN:00229768)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.1, pp.2-29, 2006-04

著者

Ryutaroh Matsumoto

出版者

(社)電子情報通信学会

雑誌

IEICE Communications Express (ISSN:21870136)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.8, pp.343-346, 2013-08-15 (Released:2013-08-15)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

4

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We propose a Gilbert-Varshamov-type existential bound for the relative dimension length profile and the relative generalized Hamming weight of nested pairs of linear codes.

著者

倉野武夫 著

出版者

新愛知新聞社京都支局

巻号頁・発行日

1926

著者

小林 英起子

出版者

広島大学大学院文学研究科

雑誌

広島大学大学院文学研究科論集 (ISSN:13477013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, pp.39-51, 2010-12

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Äsops Fabeln gelten als Teil der Weltliteratur. Den „Fabeln" Lessings (1759) liegen die Äsopschen Kurzgeschichten zugrunde. Die Tierwelt der Natur und seine Weltweisheit sind im Kontext der Aufklärung dargestellt. Im Vergleich zu der Übersetzung von Richardsons „Aesop's fables" wählte Lessing bestimmte Erzählungen aus, milderte den beißenden satirischen Ton und verstärkte das Moment der Lebensklugheit. Die Fabeln sollten zum Vortrag in der Schule geeignet sein.Die Tierfabeln in der Zeitschrift „Der Kinderfreund" von Christian Felix Weiße richten sich ausschließlich an die Kinder. Dadurch bezeichnet man ihn als „Vater der deutschen Kinderliteratur" in der Neuzeit. „Der Kinderfreund" war die erste pädagogische Zeitschrift in Deutschland. Bei Weiße werden Tierarten wie Lerche, Henne, Hahn, Gans, Lerche, Kuckuck, Fliege usw. im Bauernhof kleinbürgerlich personifi ziert. In seinen Fabeln werden manchmal übertriebene Habgier, Unwissenheit oder sündhafte Lüge mit einem bösen Ende angemahnt: Mit dem Tod der Tiere wirkt der Autor belehrend auf das Empfi nden der Kinder ein.Bei Lessing beherrschen die Menschen nicht einseitig die Tierwelt. Eine Grille bezeichnet die Menschenwelt als die „menschliche Republik". Tiere und Insekten, wie man sie auf dem Lande in Deutschland fi ndet, bevorzugte der Autor. Er gebrauchte nicht nur reale Lebewesen, sondern auch Tiere aus Legenden oder griechische Mythen wie Phönix, Feen, Bäume wie Eichen, Blumenstrauß u.a. Anders als bei Weiße wird in Lessings Personifi kation die scharfe Literaturkritik an den zeitgenössischen Autoren, seine Lebensweisheit oder der Weltlauf deutlicher abgelesen. Die Tiere und die Menschen koexistieren bei den beiden Autoren oft in einer harmonischen Fabelwelt.

著者

稲葉 智彦 向井 直樹

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.147-155, 2010 (Released:2010-07-20)

参考文献数

20

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When a unilateral transfemoral amputee performs sprinting, alternation between the sound limb and the prosthetic limb causes asymmetrical motion. One of the causes of the asymmetrical sprinting performance is that the knee joint of the prosthetic limb does not flex easily due to strong flexion resistance in order to prevent giving way during the landing by extension delay of the shank after flexion in the swing phase. This study examined whether the prosthetic limb performs the same motion as the sound limb working with the movements of the hip joint and other areas by setting the knee joint to allow easier flexion when relaxing the flexion-and-extension resistance of the knee joint in the swing phase. Moreover, when possible, we also examined whether this allows more rational motion than during sprinting when the flexion resistance of the knee joint is set strongly. The composition of the prosthetic limb used for the trial was an IRC (Ischial Ramal Containment) suction socket, high-activity hydraulic knee joint (model 3R55; Otto Bock, Duderstadt, Germany) in which the flexion-and-extension resistance was relaxed, in combination with an energy-storing prosthetic foot for running (model Sprinter; Otto Bock, Duderstadt, Germany). Sprinting was performed by a unilateral transfemoral amputee using this prosthetic limb after the subject had learned how to sprint while using it. Sprinting performance was filmed (30 fps) with a video tape recorder (DCR-PC101 NTSC, Sony Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), and we compared the motion of the prosthetic foot and the knee joint angle with the motion of the sound limb. Moreover, the motion was also compared with that during sprinting when the flexion-and-extension resistance of the knee joint was set strongly. As a result of the relaxed setting of the prosthetic knee joint, it was shown that the prosthetic limb performed the same motion as a sound limb without giving way at landing by extension delay of the shank of the prosthetic limb during the swing phase. Moreover, it was shown that this setting facilitates more rational motion than that during sprinting with a stronger setting for the flexion resistance of the knee joint.

著者

大石 泰彦

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

no.70, pp.17-27, 2007-01-30

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The purpose of this article is to review select important studies (both books and articles) on ethics of mass media (or of journalists) published in the last decade in Japan. The themes of these studies can be categorized into three, which pertain to independent regulatory commission (e.g.press council), professional education for journalists (or for future journalists), and rules on routine newsgathering and editing. The most recent studies have focused more on social system of media ethics than on norms and behaviors of journalists.

著者

奥田 良胤

出版者

NHK放送文化研究所

雑誌

放送研究と調査 (ISSN:02880008)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.2, pp.20-35, 2013-02

著者

関谷末松 著

出版者

文栄堂

巻号頁・発行日

1890

著者

Kazuhiko Higashida Izumi Tabata Mitsuru Higuchi Shin Terada

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.3, pp.355-360, 2013-08-25 (Released:2013-09-08)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

1 1

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Skeletal muscle is the primary site of glucose uptake in humans. Glucose transport activity, which is the rate-limiting step in muscle glucose metabolism, is linearly related to the content of the GLUT-4 isoform of the glucose transporter. Therefore, the level of GLUT-4 in skeletal muscle may be an important determinant of whole-body glucose disposal. It has been well documented that long-term, low- to moderate-intensity endurance exercise training induces an increase in muscle GLUT-4 content. However, emerging evidence suggests that an adaptive increase in GLUT-4 occurs even after a single acute bout of exercise or high-intensity intermittent exercise training. Recent findings also indicate that nutritional status affects GLUT-4 expression in skeletal muscle. This review provides an overview of the effects of exercise and nutritional status on GLUT-4 content in skeletal muscle, and summarizes recent progress in elucidating the molecular regulation of muscle GLUT-4 gene expression by exercise and nutritional stimuli.

著者

西村 昌也

出版者

京都大学東南アジア研究所

雑誌

東南アジア研究 (ISSN:05638682)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.3-32, 2008

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Recent progress in the data collection and typological classification of bronze drums of northern Vietnam and its surroundings have made it possible to recognize the geographical distribution and chronology of bronze drum types (Pre-Heger I to Heger IV). All types show a limited distribution range and some have been played an important role as a ritual or prestige good in several ethnic societies. Therefore, combining archaeological advances with ethnography, historical documentation, and legend can provide a key to understanding the formation of present-day ethnic groups. The Heger I type of Dong Son tradition drums (2nd century BC to 1st century BC), which were cast in the local Dong Son cultural sphere, are almost all concentrated on the hilly area and lower plains to the south of the Red River. Furthermore, the distribution of the later Heger II type (3-4th to 8-9th century AD) and Pseudo Heger II type (11th to 15-16th century AD), some of which are still used by the Muong ethnic group, overlaps with the distribution of the former type in the mountain range. Heger II were cast in Guangxi and Pseudo Heger II were very possibly cast in the Thang Long or surrounding lowland area of the Red River Plain on behalf of mountainous ethnic groups. Although the area and people that produced bronze drums were changed in its long history, the people that used the drums remained the same in the Northern Vietnam. Furthermore, while the Viet-Muong ethnic group have a long-term tradition of using bronze drums, the Thai and Tay, the major Thai ethno-linguistic groups of northern Vietnam, have not retained such a continuous tradition. This is one contrast between the Thai/Tay and Viet/Muong groups. Another ethnic group that has retained a long term tradition of bronze drum usage is the Lo Lo (Tibet-Burma) of the northernmost area of Vietnam.