著者
岡部 隆志
出版者
日本文学協会
雑誌
日本文学 (ISSN:03869903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.48, no.5, pp.1-10, 1999-05-10 (Released:2017-08-01)

記紀や風土記には、神婚の物語が多数含まれる。それらの神婚譚は、人々の幻想が生み出したものにせよ、神の妻として世間から認知される巫女の憑依体験が内在されていると考えられる。神の憑依にはレギュラーとイレギュラーとがある。イレギュラーの憑依体験は人間に「畏れ」を抱かせるが、その意味では、イレギュラーの憑依体験が、一般的な神の子の物語とはならない異類婚姻譚などの、人間の側の「畏れ」を内在させた物語を生み出す契機になっているのではないか。
著者
加用 文男
出版者
心理科学研究会
雑誌
心理科学 (ISSN:03883299)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, no.1, pp.74-88, 2005-02-28 (Released:2017-09-10)

Thanks to the valuable works by the brain scientist A. R. Damasio (1994, 1999) that underlined the bodily bases for feelings, the correlation between the feeling and the body is receiving much attention today. In this paper I first discussed the significance of his theory as well as Wallon's theory of feelings (1932), which has so far been paid comparatively little attention in the English-speaking sphere. Next I argued that Wallon's theory of feelings is basically a theory of mutually coordinating interaction between center and periphery, and that it is quite different from James-Lange or Cannon-Bard theories. Then I proceeded to consider the various phenomena that I called "not corresponding feelings" and regarded as manifestations of what Wallon discussed in the theory, and classified them under four categories, in the hope that the classification will serve as a theoretical basis for future case-gathering efforts. The first of the categories I called "the feelings toward undefined subjects", under which come Freud's "anxiety", Damasio's "background emotions", and the emotional effects relevant to "the postural functions" that Wallon discussed. The second category was called "remaining and alteration". Anderson's study on the primacy effect (1965), the perseverance effect by Ross, Lepper and Hubbard (1975), and the non-effect of mitigating information by Zillman and Cantor (1976) are the instances of "remaining" I gave, and the suspension-bridge experiment by Dutton and Aron (1974) and the sexual attraction study by Dienstbier, R. A. (1979) come under "alteration". The third was called "strengthening and weakening". "strengthening" was seen, for instance, in a phenomenon when a laughter (or crying) is so compulsive it cannot be stopped, but I could not identify any studies on this subject. An example of the "weakening", on the other hand, was found in the survey by Bowlby (1979) on convalescent processes from the loss of a parent or spouse, which indicates crying is effective in alleviating grief. My argument is that the "weakening" phenomena is contradictory to both the James-Lange theory and the Cannon-Bard theory and can only be explained by the theory of mutually coordinating interaction. The fourth is "deviant expression", which includes such phenomena as tears out of anger or laughter, laughter out of extreme fear, and aggressive behavior as expression of joy, the last of which may be illustrated by some of the behaviors of the C type children in Ainsworth et al.'s SS method. Very few studies have been done on the subject, leaving a great deal of room for future research. I gave some examples of "deviant expression" I observed among children at nursing school. My overall conclusion is that theories on feelings today should be some kinds of revised two-factor theory-they, while recognizing the role of cognition in the formation of emotion emphasized in the two-factor theory by Schachter and Singer (1962), the theories of cognitive appraisal by Roseman et al. (1990), Smith and Lazarus (1993) and Scherer (1984, 1992, 1993), and the theory of secondary emotion by Damasio (1999), should also take the theory of mutually coordinating interaction of Wallon (1932) fully into consideration.
著者
田中 正美
出版者
一般社団法人 日本内科学会
雑誌
日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.99, no.8, pp.1803-1808, 2010 (Released:2013-04-10)
参考文献数
25
被引用文献数
2

高齢者に多い本症は,高齢化社会を迎えて,今後さらに増加してゆくと思われる.日本人には失明の危険のある,巨細胞性血管炎(側頭動脈炎)の頻度は低いが,長期予後は必ずしも良好とは言えず,急性期ではステロイドに良く反応するが,慢性化して再発したり,減量が困難なことが少なくない.欧米の診断基準が利用されることが多いが,日本人向けの感度の高い診断基準が必要と思われる.
著者
村上 ひとみ
出版者
一般社団法人 地域安全学会
雑誌
地域安全学会論文集 (ISSN:13452088)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, pp.101-110, 2014-11-07 (Released:2017-08-02)
参考文献数
19

When the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami occurred, Natori city was severely destroyed and human loss reached almost 900. The author conducted questionnaire survey on evacuation in the city and collected 324 cases. This study examined statistical data of human casualty and analyzed the questionnaire data to clarify affecting factors for evacuation. The findings are as follows. Considering day time population, fatality rate distribution vs age groups is estimated. As for travel means, automobiles share majority of 65% and traffic jam became severer due to delay. Evacuation in the 2010 Chile Tsunami affected the success of the 3.11 evacuation. Behaviors of going back home and moving from one evacuation place to the other are dangerous in flat plain topography.
著者
Victor Francia Lyes Ait Ali Yahia Raffaella Ocone Ali Ozel
出版者
Hosokawa Powder Technology Foundation
雑誌
KONA Powder and Particle Journal (ISSN:02884534)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2021018, (Released:2020-09-26)
参考文献数
148
被引用文献数
8

The design of new technology for processing and manufacturing particulate products requires understanding granular rheology over a broad range of conditions. Powders display a complex behaviour due to their ability to rearrange under stress, and as a result, granular flow is generally classified into three flow regimes, namely a quasi-static regime dominated by frictional contacts, an inertial regime dominated by collisional and kinematic stresses and an intermediate regime where the three sources of stress are important to establish a stress-strain rate relationship. Characterisation of the flowability is generally restricted to the flow initiation in quasi-static regime, even if, transition into inertial conditions is very common in practical applications involving the control of dense flows, such as powder handling, particle formation processes or additive manufacturing. This work presents a critical review of available techniques to characterise the departure from the quasi-static regime into an intermediate flow. We revise the application of shear cells and present different strategies to modify classic devices with external actuation, such as aeration, to operate at higher inertial numbers. We pay particular attention to innovative designs using aerated Couette flow configurations, highlight the complexity in the standardisation and the challenges in advancing towards a universal model.
著者
Ahmet Ak Cemile Oztin Ogun Aysegul Bayir Seyit Ali Kayis Ramazan Koylu
出版者
東北ジャーナル刊行会
雑誌
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.210, no.4, pp.285-290, 2006 (Released:2006-12-05)
参考文献数
18
被引用文献数
23 68

Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis has an important role in the clinical assessment of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). However, arterial puncture or insertion of an arterial catheter has many drawbacks. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether venous blood gas (VBG) values of pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) and oxygen (PO2), bicarbonate (HCO3), and oxygen saturation (SO2) can reliably predict ABG levels in patients with AECOPD. One hundred and thirty-two patients with a prior diagnosis of COPD presenting with acute exacerbation according to AECOPD criteria were included in this prospective study. AECOPD is defined as a recent increase in cough, wheezing, the volume and purulence of sputum or shortness of breath necessitating a change in regular medication, including corticosteroids or antibiotics. ABG samples were taken immediately after venous sampling, and both were analyzed. Linear regression analysis was performed and equations were established for the estimation of arterial values. The Pearson correlation coefficients for pH, PCO2, HCO3, PO2, and SO2 were 0.934, 0.908, 0.927, 0.252, and 0.296, respectively. There was a significant correlation between ABG and VBG values of pH, PCO2, and HCO3 (p < 0.001). Linear regression equations for the estimation of pH, PCO2, and HCO3 were as follows: arterial pH = 1.004 × venous pH; arterial PCO2 = 0.873 × venous PCO2; and arterial HCO3 = 0.951 × venous HCO3. VBG analysis can reliably predict the ABG values of pH, PCO2 and HCO3 in patients with AECOPD.
著者
WALTER H. EHRENSTEIN 濱田 治良
出版者
The Japanese Psychological Association
雑誌
Japanese Psychological Research (ISSN:00215368)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.37, no.3, pp.158-169, 1995-10-25 (Released:2009-02-24)
参考文献数
41
被引用文献数
10 12

Size contrast was studied in the Ebbinghaus illusion with inducing circles (ICs) that were either larger or smaller than the central test circle (TC). Four ICs formed either squares or diamonds; or in a mixed-size condition four large ICs alternated with four small ICs. Figures were presented on printed cards and studied as a function of IC-TC distance, or displayed on a computer screen at various angles of orientation. A separate circle, presented left or right of an Ebbinghaus figure and varying in size, served for simultaneous comparision. A general overestimation was found for figures presented right from the comparison circle. Size contrast diminished with increasing IC-TC distance for small ICs, but increased for large ICs. Square arrays had stronger inducing effects than diamonds with small ICs, but weaker with large ICs: the mixed-size condition resulted in a small underestimation. Furthermore, size contrast depended systematically on the angle of IC-array orientation. The Ebbinghaus illusion thus obeys structural factors in a rather peculiar way, suggesting the necessity of a compound model of size contrast.
著者
大場 雄介 津田 真寿美
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬理学会
雑誌
日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.138, no.1, pp.13-17, 2011 (Released:2011-07-11)
参考文献数
17

下村脩博士によって,Aequorea victoria の発光器官から緑色蛍光タンパク質GFP(green fluorescent protein)が発見され,1992年にそのcDNAが単離されて以来,生細胞イメージングは生物学研究の必須ツールになっている.GFPはcDNAの細胞導入のみで,生理的環境下での目的タンパク質の局在や局在変化を可視化し,種々のカラーバリアントが入手可能な現在では複数のタンパク質の挙動の同時観察も可能である.また,フェルスター共鳴エネルギー移動(FRET: Förster resonance energy transfer)や蛍光タンパク質再構成法(BiFC: bimolecular fluorescence complementation)等の技術を用いることで,個々のタンパク質の局在や動態のみならずタンパク質の質的変化,つまりタンパク質間相互作用・構造変化等の時間的・空間的な変化の解析も可能である.これらの手法は細胞内シグナル伝達のダイナミクスを解析するために,最も適したツールと言っても過言ではない.本稿では,蛍光イメージングの基礎や応用例の紹介と各実験系が持つ得失を比較し,それぞれの実験系が何を可視化するのに適しているかを議論したい.
著者
Alberizzi Valerio Luigi
出版者
一般社団法人 CIEC
雑誌
コンピュータ&エデュケーション (ISSN:21862168)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, pp.11-17, 2014-06-01 (Released:2014-12-01)

2010年5月に内閣IT戦略本部にて決定された「新たな情報通信技術戦略」では,「デジタル教科書・教材などの教育コンテンツの充実」が掲げられているが,高等教育におけるデジタル教科書・教材の位置づけおよびそれらをどう捉え,どのように推進すればよいかについてはほとんど触れられていない。本稿では,イノベーション理論の観点から高等教育におけるデジタル教科書の意義とあり方について論じた後,外国語のデジタル教材に的を絞り,それがiBooks Authorで作成された場合どのように実現できるか,また練習問題のウィジェットが本来持つ限界と外国語習得向上・到達度確認を目的とする充実した練習問題の作成について述べる。さらに,2013-14年度において早稲田大学のオープン教育センターで実施された,ピア・サポートを中心としたデジタル教科書・教材を活用したイタリア語講座で得られたデータを基に,学習媒体として,読み手の関心を惹き,学習意欲を増進させるデジタル外国語教科書の設計について考察する。
著者
横田 誠 中山 明峰 蒲谷 嘉代子 竹村 景史 渡邊 暢浩 服部 寛一 宮崎 総一郎 村上 信五
出版者
一般社団法人 日本めまい平衡医学会
雑誌
Equilibrium Research (ISSN:03855716)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.2, pp.91-95, 2010 (Released:2010-06-01)
参考文献数
12
被引用文献数
1 1

The relationship between dizzy patients and stress is well documented, but that between dizzy patients and sleep disturbance is unclear. This study focused on sleep disturbance in dizzy patients through investigations into their hypnotic medications. Six hundred and twenty two patients were studied, who complained of dizziness and visited Nagoya City University from January 1 to December 31, 2007. The major hypnotic was the benzodiazepine group (65%), and was prescribed to 226 patients (36%). Although prescription of hypnotics tended to increase with the age of the subjects, it was even prescribed often in young adults. The approximate ratio of patients taking hypnotics to those who were suffering from insomnia and without dizziness was 2:1. Poor quality of sleep may cause additional stress, leading to a vicious cycle in patients suffering from dizziness.
著者
北野 利夫
出版者
バイオメカニズム学会
雑誌
バイオメカニズム学会誌 (ISSN:02850885)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.2, pp.61-64, 2008 (Released:2010-12-06)
参考文献数
5
被引用文献数
1

DNAに込められた成長・発達のプログラム,外的環境への適応,変形に対する自家矯正などの発育期における現象を理解するために,四肢の関節,筋肉の成長・発達について解説する.筋の発達は筋の構成単位としての筋線維や臓器としての筋組織の発達と神経系支配により高度に統合された関節の運動制御機構としての発達として理解する.四肢の関節を構成する骨の両側には,成長軟骨板が骨端と骨幹端の間に形成され,関節の横径および長軸方向の成長を担う.この関節内の解剖学的特徴から,関節を含め四肢が成長し,同時に形状が変化してゆく.生理的な成長とそれに伴う形態的変化と,成長に伴う非生理的な形態的変化についての実例を挙げ解説し,最後に,矯正についての考え方と成長・発達の人工的な制御について触れる.
著者
米澤 美希 吉田 雄一 滝川 康裕
出版者
Iwate Medical Association
雑誌
岩手医学雑誌 (ISSN:00213284)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.72, no.2, pp.59-67, 2020 (Released:2020-09-09)
参考文献数
22

B型肝炎ウイルス持続感染者における肝発癌の早期診断・発癌予測は困難である.そこで,マイクロアレイを用い,B型肝炎関連肝癌の早期診断に有用なバイオマーカーの候補となる末梢血中のmicroRNAを探索した.B型肝炎のため通院中に肝発癌を来した患者10人(発癌群)の肝発癌時の血清とマッチングさせた非発癌患者10人(対照群)の血清からmicroRNAを抽出し,2群間で有意な差異を認めた5種類のmicroRNA(miR-548aおよびmiR-1281, miR-4634,miR-4646-3p,miR-4659a)を早期診断のバイオマーカー候補として見出した.