著者

大越 諄 吉川 弘之 佐田 登志夫

出版者

公益社団法人 精密工学会

雑誌

精密機械 (ISSN:03743543)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.292, pp.266-274, 1959-05-05 (Released:2010-02-16)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

---

研削機構の研究において基礎的な問題である1個の砥粒の研削作用を明らかにするために,ダイアモンド三角錐による単粒研削実験を行い,また切削理論を適用していろいろな現象に検討を加え,次の結果を得た.1. 1個の砥粒の研削作用を考えるとき,二次元切削の切削模型と本質的には同じ研削模型が考えられ,それにもとずき,せん断角,被削材料の変形抵抗などを計算し,切削の揚合と比較することができた.2. 砥粒の形状,方向は研削抵抗などに大きな影響を及ぼす.特にもり上り切残し量は著るしい影響を受ける.3.研削模型に従って計算した被削材料の変形抵抗は著るしい寸法効果を示す.4.研削速度を150~1,780m/minのように広く変化させると,従来の切削では見られなかつたような研削抵抗の遷移現象が認められる.5.もり上り切残し量は著るしい速度効果を示すが,それはKármánの定義した塑性波の速度と研削速度との関連によつてきまるように思われる.

著者

大竹 恵子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.131-139, 2014 (Released:2014-12-12)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

---

A system of classifying the pre-contemplation stage of smoking acquisition was developed, based on participants' responses to passive smoking. Japanese undergraduate students (N=390) participated in the study. They responded to questionnaires inquiring their stage of smoking acquisition, self-efficacy and temptation to smoke, decisional balance for smoking acquisition, and impressions about scenes depicting smoking. Responses of non-smokers clearly indicated four-stages of pre-contemplation about smoking that consisted of high, intermediate, and low antipathy to smoking, and the acceptance of passive smoking. The results also showed that measures of self-efficacy decreased, whereas temptation increased as smoking related activities advanced. Moreover, the acceptance of pros of smoking behavior increased as participants progressed toward smoking, whereas their concern for cons of smoking decreased. Furthermore, negative responses to pictures showing smoking scenes were strongest in non-smokers with a high antipathy to smoking, and participants' impressions of the scenes became increasingly positive as they progressed toward smoking. This study demonstrated the validity of the new classification of the pre-contemplation stage of smoking acquisition designed for developing preventive measures against smoking among young people.

著者

伊藤 恭子 永野 伸郎 高橋 伴彰 石田 秀岐 田ヶ原 綾香 塚田 美保 野原 ともい 岡島 真理 野原 惇 星 綾子 溜井 紀子 安藤 哲郎 筒井 貴朗 新田 孝作 佐倉 宏 小川 哲也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本透析医学会

雑誌

日本透析医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13403451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.7, pp.475-482, 2016 (Released:2016-07-28)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

2

---

【目的】リン吸着薬の処方錠数が, 服薬アドヒアランスおよび血清リンに対する影響を検討する. 【方法】リン吸着薬処方中の外来維持血液透析患者229名にアンケート調査を実施し, 処方錠数および患者背景との関係を解析した. 【結果】リン吸着薬の月間処方錠数の中央値は210錠/月であり, 単剤処方者は50%であった. 処方錠数が多い群は, 年齢が若く, 透析歴が長く, 血清リンが高値であり, 処方錠数は血清リンと正相関した. アドヒアランス不良者は30~40%であり, 「飲み忘れる」患者, 「残薬がある」患者, 「飲む量を減らしたい」患者は, 処方錠数が多く, 血清リンが高値であった. 処方錠数増加により, 「残薬がある」, 「量が多い・とても多い」と回答した患者が増加し, アドヒアランス不良者は, 「量が多い・とても多い」と感じる割合が多かった. 【結語】リン吸着薬処方錠数の増加にともない服薬アドヒアランスが低下し, 血清リン高値と関連する.

著者

Yu-Ching FENG Kuan-Sheng CHEN Shih-Chieh CHANG

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0275, (Released:2016-07-29)

被引用文献数

2

---

This animal was presented with a large-sized infiltrative lipoma in the abdominal wall that had been noted for 4 years. This lipoma was confirmed by histological examination from a previous biopsy, and the infiltrative features were identified by a computerized tomography scan. The surgical removal created a large-sized abdominal defect that was closed by a combination of latissimus dorsi and external abdominal oblique muscle flaps in a pedicle pattern. A small dehiscence at the most distal end of the muscle flap resulted in a small-sized abdominal hernia and was repaired with cranial sartorius muscle flap 14 days after surgery. The dog was in good general health with no signs of tumor recurrence after 18 months of follow-up.

著者

篠原 茂幸 白崎 隆夫 岡部 達雄

出版者

関東東山病害虫研究会

雑誌

関東東山病害虫研究会年報 (ISSN:03888258)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1982, no.29, pp.73-74, 1982-11-01 (Released:2010-03-12)

著者

Keita TAKAYAMA

出版者

一般社団法人日本教育学会

雑誌

Educational Studies in Japan (ISSN:18814832)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.19-31, 2016 (Released:2016-06-27)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

14

---

Drawing on the recent critiques of the global knowledge economy of social science research, this article explores possible ways in which the Japanese education research communities can reposition themselves in the wider international education research community. The premises of this discussion are that there exists a global structure of academic knowledge and that Japanese education scholarship is deeply imbedded in this structure. Hence, repositioning is called upon so that alternative knowledge practice can be imagined to unsettle the structure. To develop this argument, the paper makes the following moves. First, it examines how the global structure of academic knowledge operates and how it has shaped the knowledge practices within Japanese education scholarship. It identifies the particular pattern of knowledge practices among Japanese education researchers, or what Kuan-Hsing Chen (2010) calls ‘the West as method’—the use of ‘Western experience’ as the single point of reference against which the Japanese self and context are made intelligible. Based on this critique, the paper then explores how the Japanese education research communities can engage in the type of alternative knowledge practices and relations that unsettle the global structure of academic knowledge and what paradoxes they might have to negotiate in the process. In concluding, the paper once again turns to Chen’s work, in particular his exposition of ‘Asia as method’ to articulate possible strategies towards alternative knowledge work which recognizes the ambivalent epistemic location of Japanese education scholarship.

著者

大江 和彦

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.5, pp.277-283, 2016-08-01 (Released:2016-08-01)

参考文献数

5

---

医療で発生する多種多様なデータをこれからの医療に生かすためには,まず医療データベース(DB)を構築し,次にそれを多角的に解析して,そこから得られる新しい医学的知見を医療に展開していくことが求められる。ビッグデータからの類似症例の病状探索やAIへのデータ活用,多施設医療ビッグデータの構築のためには,SS-MIX2標準化ストレージのような医療データの標準化されたデータ収集基盤の導入と,医療DBにおける匿名化手法の共通化が必要である。こうした基盤のうえに,PMDAのMID-NETデータベース事業が実施されている。また,学会などが主体となって疾患別の臨床症例登録DBも複数構築されつつあり,共通DBシステムとして多目的臨床症例登録データベースMCDRSが筆者らにより開発され活用されている。今後は生活圏データや個人ゲノムデータも情報源になり,さらに課題が複雑化するため,共通の基盤を整備していくことで効率化,質の高度化を図っていく必要がある。

出版者

一般社団法人 日本人工臓器学会

雑誌

人工臓器 (ISSN:03000818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.Supplement, pp.a1-a2, 1998-10-15 (Released:2011-10-07)

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.5, pp.353-355, 2016-08-01 (Released:2016-08-01)

著者

中西 陽子

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.5, pp.349-351, 2016-08-01 (Released:2016-08-01)

参考文献数

2

著者

古屋 聖児 横山 英二 熊本 悦明 塚本 泰司

出版者

社団法人 日本泌尿器科学会

雑誌

日本泌尿器科學會雑誌 (ISSN:00215287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.1, pp.15-24, 1983 (Released:2010-07-23)

参考文献数

18

---

正常対照群7例と神経因性膀胱患者20例を対象として, 球海綿体反射の伝導時間を測定した. この伝導時間は, 陰茎または陰核, および後部尿道を電気刺激した後, 肛門括約筋が収縮する迄の潜時として計算される.1. 正常対照群における伝導時間は, 陰茎または陰核を電気刺激したばあいは32-45msec (平均38.1msec), 後部尿道を刺激したばあいは60-84msec (平均71.1msec) であつた. 従つて, 前者のばあい50msec以上, 後者のばあい90msec以上の伝導時間は異常と考えられる.2. 核上型神経因性膀胱患者12例の伝導時間は, 正常対照群と差を認めなかつた. しかし, 核型神経因性膀胱患者1例および末梢型神経因性膀胱患者6例では, 球海綿体反射の伝導時間に延長が認められた.3. 球海綿体反射の伝導時間の測定は, 客観的, 定量的な臨床検査法として, 神経因性膀胱のタイプや障害部位の診断に有用であると考えられる.

著者

上元 洵子 森 雅紀 宮城 明実 塩野 州平 山田 博英

出版者

日本緩和医療学会

雑誌

Palliative Care Research (ISSN:18805302)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.3, pp.543-547, 2015 (Released:2015-08-12)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

---

【背景】悪性腫瘍に伴う直腸テネスムスは,進行がん患者のQOLに大きく影響するが確立した治療はない.【症例】71歳,男性.直腸がん原発切除不能のため人工肛門造設術施行.手術11カ月後よりテネスムス症状が出現,その3カ月後には5-15分間隔の便意を催すようになった.原発巣に対する照射を行うも改善認めず.アモキサピン25mg内服が奏効.内服不能後は,クロミプラミン点滴静注を行うも無効.リドカイン持続静注200mg/日により軽減.その後増悪するも290mg/日とし改善,亡くなるまで良好なコントロールを得た.【考察/結論】本症例は悪性腫瘍に伴う直腸テネスムスに対してアモキサピンが奏効した初めての報告であり,リドカインにより終末期まで安全に症状コントロールを得ることができた.ただしこれらの薬剤にエビデンスは乏しく,積極的な使用の適応については今後の研究により検討していく必要がある.

著者

花岡 葉

出版者

一般社団法人 日本耳鼻咽喉科学会

雑誌

日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報 (ISSN:00306622)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.10, pp.1363-1366, 1957 (Released:2008-03-19)

参考文献数

11

---

Hearing acuity was measured in 164 normal children aged from 4 to 6 years by means of play-audiometry, and, at the same time, the mental capacity of these children was examined using Tanaka mental test for young children. Contrary to the author's presumption, no correlation was found between the hear- ing acuity and the mental capacity in these children examined.From this fact the conclusion was drawn that the improvement of average normal acuity of hearing in young children in response to the getting older was probably due to other factors than the development of their mental capacity.

著者

鈴木 信也 佐藤 均

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.12, pp.698-715, 2014-12-10 (Released:2015-12-10)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

1

---

Conventional dose estimation methods do not consider drug factors and do not allow for various pharmacokinetic factors associated with the growth of children. I have therefore established a new method based on drug elimination processes and physiological and biochemical developmental factors in order to more appropriately estimate pediatric doses (the ePPBD method). Renal excretion or hepatic metabolic clearance was calculated for each age based on physiological and biochemical developmental factors, such as the unbound fraction of the drug in plasma, glomerular filtration rate, tubular secretion, liver volume, and CYP enzyme activity. Then the pediatric dose was estimated by multiplying the adult dose by the pediatric/adult ratio of renal excretion or hepatic metabolic clearance. Accuracy of the ePPBD method was compared with conventional methods, using the population mean clearance and the doses listed in package inserts and text books as the standards to quantitate its validity. In brief, accuracy was evaluated by classifying children into the following age groups: 1) neonates in consideration of the post-conceptional age (PCA), 2) infants up to 2 years old, and 3) children over 2 years old for drugs with renal excretion, or 4) children of all ages for drugs with hepatic metabolism. The accuracy of the ePPBD method was superior to that of conventional methods both for drugs with renal excretion and those with hepatic metabolism, and therefore it should be useful for pediatric patients in whom physiological function changes remarkably as they age.

著者

杉本 正雄

出版者

一般社団法人 照明学会

雑誌

照明学会雑誌 (ISSN:00192341)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.Appendix, pp.67-67, 1973 (Released:2011-07-19)

著者

芦川 将之 川村 隆浩 大須賀 昭彦

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.6, pp.503-515, 2014-11-01 (Released:2014-09-25)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

2

---

Open Crowdsourcing platforms like Amazon Mechanical Turk provide an attractive solution for process of high volume tasks with low costs. However problems of quality control is still of major interest. In this paper, we design a private crowdsourcing system, where we can devise methods for the quality control. For the quality control, we introduce four worker selection methods, each of which we call preprocessing filtering, real-time filtering, post processing filtering, and guess processing filtering. These methods include a novel approach, which utilizes a collaborative filtering technique in addition to a basic approach of initial training or gold standard data. For an use case, we have built a very large dictionary, which is necessary for Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition and Text-to-Speech. We show how the system yields high quality results for some difficult tasks of word extraction, part-of-speech tagging, and pronunciation prediction to build a large dictionary.

著者

加藤 武

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬理学会

雑誌

日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.124, no.3, pp.145-151, 2004 (Released:2004-08-27)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

5 10

---

メマンチンは中等度,重度のアルツハイマー病(AD)の治療薬としてEUとアメリカで承認されている.メマンチンはMK-801やフェンシクリジン(PCP)と同じ非競合的NMDA受容体阻害薬であり,虚血が引き起こすグルタミン酸過剰放出による神経細胞死を防ぐ.これらの薬物はマグネシウムイオンと同じイオンチャネル結合部位に作用する.しかし,MK-801やPCPは統合失調症様症状を引き起こし,ADの治療薬としては使用されていない.メマンチンには類似の毒性はない.また,大脳皮質でのアセチルコリン放出は起きない.メマンチンとMK-801との相違の機構はまだ解明されていないが,メマンチンはマグネシウムイオンと同様に電位依存的にイオンチャネルへ結合し,解離するためと考えられている.今後メマンチンに関する基礎的,臨床的研究が進み,機構が解明されるであろう.

著者

片倉 光宏 吉田 登美男 岡本 途也

出版者

日本聴覚医学会

雑誌

AUDIOLOGY JAPAN (ISSN:03038106)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.49-55, 1969 (Released:2010-04-30)

参考文献数

7

---

In order to find out the most suitable sound quality and sound volume for the hard-of-hearing people with nerve impairment, we investigated the relation of frequency pattern and sound level to articulation score and comfortableness.The frequency pattern was one that compensated for a patient's individual hearing loss by “mirroring” his audicgram, and flat one.The results were as follows.1) The maximum syllable articulation scores were more than 60% for almost all subjects even if the hearing loss was at the range of 60-80dB.2) The “mirroring” was especially succesful for the subjects with the maximum articulation scores at the range of 40-80% (in the flat frequency pattern).3) For the subjects with hearing loss less than 40 dB, the most comfortable level was nearly equal to the sound level which gave the maximum articulation score. On the other hand, for the subjects with hearing loss more than 40dB, the sound level which gave the maximum articulation score was higher than the most comfortable level, occasionally it reached uncomfortable level (in the flat frequency pattern).4) The difference between the most comfortable level, uncomfortable level in binaural listening and those in monaural listening was about 6 to 7 dB.

著者

Juan J. Chillarón Mercè Fernández-Miró Mercè Albareda Sara Fontserè Cristina Colom Lluís Vila Juan Pedro-Botet Juana A. Flores Le-Roux

出版者

(社)日本内分泌学会

雑誌

Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.EJ16-0195, (Released:2016-07-22)

被引用文献数

6

---

Testosterone deficiency (Td) has been associated with the metabolic syndrome. Few studies have evaluated this condition in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of testosterone undecanoate (TU) on insulin sensitivity, glycemic control, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and lipid profile in patients with Td and T1D. We performed a randomized placebo-controlled multicenter study. Inclusion criteria: a) age ≥ 18 years; b) autoimmune diabetes; c) Td (total testosterone <10 nmol/L or calculated free testosterone <225 pmol/L and low/normal LH; d) ability to sign informed consent; e) comply with the study protocol. Exclusion criteria: a) pituitary tumor, empty sella, hyperprolactinemia, panhypopituitarism or secondary hypogonadism; b) contraindications for treatment with testosterone undecanoate (TU); c) patients who did not agree to sign their informed consent. Six patients were randomly assigned to testosterone undecanoate (TU) treatment and 7 to placebo with the following dosing schedule: baseline, 6 weeks and 16 weeks. Blood test, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and insulin sensitivity were determined at baseline, 6, 16 and 22 weeks. No differences were observed regarding insulin sensitivity, HbA1c or basal glucose, anthropometric parameters or blood pressure. At 22 weeks, the decrease in total cholesterol was 37.4 ± 27.5 mg/dL in the TU group compared with an increase of 13.2 ± 17.8 mg/dL in the placebo group (P<0.005), and LDL cholesterol concentration decreased 30.2 ± 22.1 mg/dL, compared with an increase of 10.5 ± 13.4 mg/dL in the placebo group (P=0.004). We conclude that treatment with TU in patients with T1D and Td improves lipid profile, with no effects on metabolic control or anthropometric parameters.

著者

Ayumu Hirata Hiroki Funato Megumi Nakai Michiro Iizuka Noriaki Abe Yusuke Yagi Hisashi Shiraishi Kohei Jobu Junko Yokota Kahori Hirose Masamitsu Hyodo Mitsuhiko Miyamura

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.7, pp.1107-1111, 2016-07-01 (Released:2016-07-01)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

9

---

We previously prepared and pharmaceutically evaluated ginger orally disintegrating (OD) tablets, optimized the base formulation, and carried out a clinical trial in healthy adults in their 20 s and 50s to measure their effect on salivary substance P (SP) level and improved swallowing function. In this study, we conducted clinical trials using the ginger OD tablets in older people to clinically evaluate the improvements in swallowing function resulting from the functional components of the tablet. The ginger OD tablets were prepared by mixing the excipients with the same amount of mannitol and sucrose to a concentration of 1% ginger. Eighteen healthy older adult volunteers aged 63 to 90 were included in the swallowing function test. Saliva was collected before and 15 min after administration of the placebo and ginger OD tablets. Swallowing endoscopy was performed by an otolaryngologist before administration and 15 min after administration of the ginger OD tablets. A scoring method was used to evaluate the endoscopic swallowing. Fifteen minutes after taking the ginger OD tablets, the salivary SP amount was significantly higher than prior to ingestion or after taking the placebo (p<0.05). Among 10 subjects, one scored 1–3 using the four evaluation criteria. Overall, no aspiration occurred and a significant improvement in the swallowing function score was observed (p<0.05) after taking the ginger OD tablets. Our findings showed that the ginger OD tablets increased the salivary SP amount and improved swallowing function in older people with appreciably reduced swallowing function.