著者

林 秀樹 西野 将史 藤森 旭人

出版者

就実大学, 就実短期大学

雑誌

就実論叢 = The research bulletin of Shujitsu University and Shujitsu Junior College (ISSN:02859548)

巻号頁・発行日

no.48, pp.139-151, 2019-02-28

著者

清凌紹〓等奉敕撰

出版者

淺野彌兵衞等刊

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[22], 1780

著者

松本 麻友子

出版者

名古屋大学

巻号頁・発行日

2014-03-25

著者

奈良 和重

出版者

慶應義塾大学法学研究会

雑誌

法學研究 : 法律・政治・社会 (ISSN:03890538)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.5, pp.87-116, 1988-05

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法学部政治学科開設九十周年記念論文集一、序言二、歴史認識の諸位相三、歴史的相対主義と歴史的決定論の批判四、歴史の目的と政治的行為五、結びにかえて : アロンとウェーバー

著者

石田 雅樹

出版者

宮城教育大学

雑誌

宮城教育大学紀要 (ISSN:13461621)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.79-88, 2013

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本稿はハンナ・アーレントの「教育者」としての側面に着目し、その教育活動と研究活動がどのような関係にあったのかを検証したものである。アーレントが戦後アメリカの大学で教鞭を取っていたことは良く知られているが、具体的な授業内容や学生観、また学生からの評価などについてはこれまで断片的にしか論じられてこなかった。本稿ではこれらに着目することで、アーレントが大学教育の中で学生たちに何をどのように伝えたのか、同時代の政治的課題や政治哲学的課題をどう扱ったのかを辿り、そこで実践された「教育」が彼女の「研究」とどのように結びついていたのかを明らかにした。

著者

前野 浩太郎

出版者

神戸大学

巻号頁・発行日

2008

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授与名簿の本タイトル: Phase polymorphism in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

著者

永田 和宏 鈴木 卓夫

出版者

The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.1, pp.64-71, 2000-01-01 (Released:2009-06-19)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

7 6

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"Tatara" was a traditional box-type furnace in Japan and had produced steel and pig iron directly until 1923. After then, because of the low productivity, Tatara was not commercially operated but only for producing the materials of Japanese sword in little. In 1977 with the blank ages after the World War II, Japan Institute of Art Japanese Sword reconstructed the Tatara furnace, called "Nittoho Tatara". Then, Mr. Yoshizo Abe as a leader "Murage" realized his own technique for the Tatara operation because of the technique transfer only by oral instruction to the Murage's family. The 3rd Tatara operation in 1999 winter has been studied on the effect of fire flame (so called "Hose") and sound from furnace, the color and viscosity of slag (so called "Noro") flowed out from furnace and the condition of tuyers to the productivity of "Kera" including steel (so called "Tamahagane") and pig iron (so called "Zuku"), etc. This operation met the trouble of air blowing to the furnace in the final stage. Though many efforts had been made to recover the stable operation, the activity of furnace was stopped in shorter operation time than the other two operations. From the experiences of the recover, the fundamental treatments to make the operation stable have been cleared and also the reaction mechanisms to produce.

著者

渡邊 敬子 森下 あおい 大塚 美智子 諸岡 晴美 丸田 直美 石垣 理子 持丸 正明 小山 京子

出版者

京都女子大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2016-04-01

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3Dでスキャンした人体形状や類型化されたグループの平均形状のデータをそのままボディとして用いるのではなく、ドレスボディのようにゆとりの入った形状に変換したものを用いると、より効率良くパターン設計ができると考えられる。そこで、a)ヌードボディとドレスボディを3D計測し、断面を比較するb)ボディ制作者・ボディメーカー等の聞き取りを行うc)研究室所蔵の体表の伸縮データを再検討するなどして、ゆとりを入れる場所と量について検討した。この結果を参考に、LookStailorXで既存のヌードボディに対して、適量のゆとりを入れたガーメントを作成した。このヌードボディとガーメントデータの差分を利用して、HBM-Rugleでモーフィングによる変形を試みた。腕付根位の周囲長で2cm、5cm、8cmのゆとりが入るように変換したボディを基に、タイトフィットのパターンを作成し、厚地のトワルで実験着を作成した。モーフィングで変換した断面図を観察すると、意図した箇所にゆとりを付与できていた。また、製作した実験着の外観には不自然なつれや余り皺はなく、衣服圧の検討からは、ゆとり2cmでも日常の小さな動作には対応できることが分かった。さらに、体格が違う男性や子どもにも同様にモーフィングを行ったところ、意図した箇所にゆとりを付与できており、汎用性があることが予想された。一方、昨年度までは、体型の分類のため、体幹部と下肢部に分けて相同モデルを作成し、解析してきた。全身のモデルは腋下や股下の欠損があり、計測器に付属したソフトの補間では、この部位が実際の位置よりも下方でつながれ、寸法算出や着装シミュレーションの際に問題が生じていた。そこで、ジェネリックモデルやランドマーク位置を工夫することで、これらの位置が正しく表現できる相同モデル作成が可能にした。この方法を用いて、今までに計測したデータをモデル化している。

著者

バールィシェフ エドワード

出版者

北海道大学スラブ研究センター

雑誌

スラヴ研究 (ISSN:05626579)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, pp.205-240, 2005

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The term "theory of civilizations" is usually associated with the German philosopher Oswald Spengler and the English historian Arnold Toynbee, who -- it is believed -- worked out an original conceptualization of world history. Oswald Spengler's Der Untergang des Abendlandes (1918) is considered to be the starting point of this theory. Civilizationists maintain the position that there is no such entity as humankind. World history is essentially a product of different interactions between great cultural formations, described as "civilizations," "cultural super-systems" or merely "cultures," which might be understood as independent actors in world politics and world history. These formations are characterized by internal integrity and self-sufficiency. Like any biological subject, "civilizations" go through phases of birth, growth, blossoming, decline and death. It should be noted that the "theory of civilizations" was not a mere scientific conception, born in the minds of some outstanding individuals. It seems to have been an integral part of the social consciousness of some great nations. The contours of the theory of civilizations can be observed in the works of the Russian thinker Nikolai Danilevsky, whose Rossiia i Evropa (1869) anticipated Spengler's theory, or Japanese scientist Endo Kichisaburo, whose Oushuu-bunmei no botsuraku (The Decline of European Civilization, 1914) immediately evokes Spengler's The Decline of the West. The theory of civilizations was deeply rooted in the socio-economic conditions of the development of European countries during the 19th century. The ideas comprising the core of the theory were the product of a German philosophical heritage. The conceptual roots of the theory might be found in the philosophy of Hegel, who asserted that every nation had its own mission and its greatest task is in the realization of this mission. Metaphorically speaking, the theory was born between biologism and antimodernism, which were highly influential streams of thought in the 19th century. The former was an inalienable part of modernism itself, and the latter was a reaction to it. The theory of civilizations appeared as a result of a combination of these elements with messianism. It was in this particular form that it spread to Germany, Russia and Japan. The enthusiastic reception of the theory of civilizations in the above-mentioned countries was a result of the similarity of their positions with regard to the international "division of labour." All these nations could be perceived as "second echelon nations" when compared with Britain, France and the USA, which had begun their movement on the path of modernization and industrialization earlier. As relative late-comers, these nations found themselves in a bitter struggle for survival, and had an urgent need to mobilize their power if they were to maintain their position as independent actors in the arena of international politics. It is generally supposed that "the theory of civilizations," as a part of the social consciousness at that time, played an important role in this process of mobilization. Whereas Britain, France and the USA were already highly industrialized, and therefore their interests lay in maintaining the "status-quo," Japan and Russia, being "second echelon nations," were waiting for a chance to replace them and the civilizations theory legitimized their ambitions. The First World War was met and greeted in Japan and Russia as the beginning of the "Decline of the West." To the Japanese and the Russians the Great War was perceived as revealing the problems and defects of Western civilization. It signified not merely a crisis in relations between the Great Powers, but was perceived as being a by-product of the international system itself and its fundamental principles of liberalism, which elevated "social Darwinism" and imperialism to prominence as concepts in the practice of international relations. Against the background of German military success, the renunciation of laissezfaire and the introduction of the conscription system by England were considered as symptoms of the decline of the British Empire. The First World War was heralded in Japan and Russia as a transitional period, which would eventually result in the collapse of the entire world system. The crisis of the international order had a huge influence on the position of Japan in the world system. The First World War afforded Japan an opportunity to execute its special "civilizational mission," starting with an attempt to establish its foreign policy on a more independent basis. This resulted in discussions about revision of the Anglo-Japanese alliance, which for a long time had been an axis of Japanese diplomacy. The World War revealed a serious contradiction between the position of Japan as an independent actor and her strong orientation to Great Britain in the international arena. The crisis of the West, with the British Empire as its core element, pushed Japan into the arms of Russia. Rapprochement with Russia as a "second echelon nation" meant for Japan an opportunity to weaken her dependence on Great Britain, the classic example of a "first echelon nation." In other words, rapprochement with Russia could be an instrument for securing Japan an independent position in world politics. The civilizations theory, which mediated "the decline of the West" in the "second echelon nations," strengthened consciousness of the crisis and invigorated Japanese nationalism and messianism. The latter, in its turn, lead to the grasp for national independence and pushed Japan to closer relations with Russia. On the other hand, the theory of civilizations, including clear predictive features, presented a guide to action for Japanese politicians, who needed some vision of the postwar future with which to play the big diplomatic game during the World War. First of all, the theory of civilizations demonstrated that Britain and France were moving into an abyss. Secondly, according this theory, America, Japan's main rival in East Asia and the Pacific, was considered as an extension of the West, embodying all the "diseases" of European civilization, which was facing decline. On the contrary, Germany and Russia were described by the theory as the "young nations" that would have a splendid future. Germany was considered to be an attractive ally, because of her rapid growth and vigorous conduct on the world stage: that is why, from the strategic point of view, rapprochement with Germany seemed to be a more effective and reasonable tactic, but in the conditions of war it was extremely difficult. In this situation Russo-Japanese rapprochement seemed the only possible variant. In the conditions of "the decline of the West," the dynamic economic and demographic development of Russia together with elements of traditional structure, not yet corrupted by modernism, such as monarchy, deep religiousness etc., testified that Russia was a "young nation" which had a long and glorious future ahead of it. Moreover, Russo-Japanese rapprochement was considered to be a reasonable combination, because it could open a way to a Triple Japanese-Russo-German Eurasian alliance in the case of conclusion of a separate peace treaty between Russia and Germany, securing Japan from isolation in the postwar world. Without doubt, such considerations played a fundamental theoretical role, advocating the necessity of Russo-Japanese rapprochement, and had a major influence on the course of Russo-Japanese negotiations, which led to the Russo-Japanese Alliance of July 3, 1916. Such civilizational arguments for Russo-Japanese rapprochement appeared vividly in the position of Baron Goto Shimpei (1857-1929), an influential political leader of the beginning of the 20th century. Focusing on the theory of civilizations as the background of Russo-Japanese rapprochement not only helps us to reconstruct a three-dimensional view of Russo-Japanese relations during the First World War, but also deepens our understanding of a crucial period of world history and the mechanisms of world politics.

著者

新井 正人

出版者

臨川書店

雑誌

国語国文 (ISSN:09107509)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.2, pp.1-20, 2017-02

著者

浜田 稔夫 鈴木 伸典 馬場 堯

出版者

Meeting of Osaka Dermatological Association

雑誌

皮膚 (ISSN:00181390)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.112-118, 1975 (Released:2010-06-04)

参考文献数

13

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臍石(Omphalith)の3例を報告し, 中2例は剥離摘出して組織学的検討を加えた。いずれも70 歳以上の女性で, 1~数年前に臍窩に黒褐色の疣状小結節のあるのに気付き, 放置していたところ, 漸次増大, 突出するようになった。皮膚面に固く附着するも, 剥離摘出したあとの臍窩皮膚はほぼ正常で, 剥離標本の露出部は黒褐色を呈し, 石のように硬いが, 非露出部では比較的柔らかく, 粥状で, 白色に近い。組織所見はH.E.染色でエオジンに瀰漫性に淡く染まるが, 核成分はみられない。臍窩の比較的深い者に清浄不良が重なって生じたもので, 皮脂, 角質などの蓄積によるものと考えられる。併せて鑑別診断などについても考察を加えた。

著者

森 啓

出版者

北海学園大学開発研究所

雑誌

開発論集 = The journal of development policy studies (ISSN:0288089X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.103, pp.45-58, 2019-03

著者

藤野 正弘

出版者

京都産業大学日本文化研究所

雑誌

京都産業大学日本文化研究所紀要 (ISSN:13417207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.178-168, 2016-03

著者

大町桂月 校訂

出版者

至誠堂書店

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第4編, 1913

著者

Naomasa Kobayashi Chisato Kataoka Shosaku Kashiwada

出版者

The Japanese Society of Environmental Toxicology

雑誌

環境毒性学会誌 (ISSN:13440667)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.38-46, 2020-07-22 (Released:2020-07-21)

参考文献数

12

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We compared stage-dependent sensitivities of the sea urchin Anthocidaris crassispina to silver nitrate (AgNO3) and silver nanocolloids (SNCs). Our experimental design included three different exposure experiments: (1) pre-fertilization exposures (to assess effects on first cleavage and embryogenesis); (2) exposures of fertilized eggs (to assess effects on cleavage and embryogenesis); and (3) exposures of gastrulae (to assess effects on the gastrula stage and embryogenesis). In the case of the pre-fertilization exposures, exposure of sperm to SNCs induced higher rates of abnormal development than did exposure to AgNO3, and SNCs had higher teratogenicity on pluteus formation than did AgNO3. In the case of the fertilized egg exposures, exposed embryos experienced high rates of cytolysis. These rates exceeded those observed in pre-fertilization exposures of eggs and sperm and were similar to those observed in exposures of sperm alone. In the case of the gastrula exposures, rates of cytolysis were higher than those observed in pre-fertilization exposures of eggs and sperm and lower than those observed in exposures of fertilized eggs and of sperm alone. Sperm exposures showed the highest chemical sensitivity, followed by exposures of gastrulae and of unfertilized eggs and sperm.

著者

Yuki Takai Takumi Takamura Shintaro Enoki Moeko Sato Yoko Kato-Unoki Xuchun Qiu Yohei Shimasaki Yuji Oshima

出版者

The Japanese Society of Environmental Toxicology

雑誌

環境毒性学会誌 (ISSN:13440667)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.10-21, 2020-07-21 (Released:2020-07-21)

参考文献数

48

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Tributyltin (TBT) is an organotin compound that disrupts the endocrine system of aquatic organisms, and its obesogenic toxicity to various species is well known. However, the mechanism by which TBT disrupts the endocrine system has not been clarified. Therefore, to investigate the effects of TBT in fish, we exposed juvenile medaka (Oryzias latipes) to TBT and analyzed the gene expression changes using mRNA-Seq. As a result of this analysis, it was clear that toxicity-related genes, such as cytochrome P450 superfamily genes connected to hormonal metabolism, and peroxisomeproliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway genes related to obesity, were significantly affected by TBT. Thus, our mRNA-Seq results identified candidate genes for involvement in the mechanisms of TBT toxicity in TBT-exposed medaka. mRNA-Seq could be a strong tool to investigate and further understand the toxic effects caused by pollutants.

著者

Takashi Yanagawa

出版者

The Biometric Society of Japan

雑誌

計量生物学 (ISSN:09184430)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.69-79, 2020-06-01 (Released:2020-07-21)

参考文献数

15

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Reproducibility is the essence of a scientific research. Focusing on two-sample problems we discuss in this paper the reproducibility of statistical test results based on p-values. First, demonstrating large variability of p-values it is shown that p-values lack the reproducibility, in particular, if sample sizes are not enough. Second, a sample size formula is developed to assure the reproducibility probability of p-value at given level by assuming normal distributions with known variance. Finally, the sample size formula for the reproducibility in general framework is shown equivalent to the sample size formula that has been developed in the Neyman-Pearson type testing statistical hypothesis by employing the level of significance and size of power.

著者

川村敬一著

出版者

紀伊国屋書店 (発売)

巻号頁・発行日

1988

著者

compiled by Keiichi Kawamura

出版者

Jusonbo

巻号頁・発行日

2015

著者

大坪 建

出版者

The Society of Powder Technology, Japan

雑誌

粉体工学研究会誌 (ISSN:18838766)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.2, pp.97-102, 1964-11-01 (Released:2010-08-10)

被引用文献数

1 2