著者
高野 昌二
出版者
THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION
雑誌
東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.2, pp.82-90, 1978 (Released:2010-04-30)
参考文献数
27
被引用文献数
1

Notsukezaki, well known as the typical compound recurved spit in Japan, develops over 20km in length toward SE from Shibetsu located in the middle of the east coast of Hokkaido. The writer tried to clarify the formation and the development of Notsukezaki, for that purpose, the coastal and submarine topography, recent deposits of the coast, wind's speed and direction at Notskezaki are surveyed.Waves from the northeast are undoubtedly the active force, judging from the submarine topography and the fetch. Fig. 4 shows that the waves from NE causing wave erosion at the northern coast of Notsukezaki may permit to derive marine deposition southward. In fact, Fig. 5 proves that the northern coast is retreating and furnishing an abundant débris, besides, the materials of the cliff formation are easily eroded. Therefore, the longshore drifting caused by the predominant NW winds could carry an excessive amount of sand and gravel southward and produced the spit. Notsukezaki has been formed since post-glacial without any existing nucleus along the main direction depending upon the longshore current from NW to SE and the wave agency from NE.The beach ridges which built each of compound spit shows uniform height (Fig. 3). The fact expresses the level of beach ridges in terms of past sea level as shown in Fig. 6. The result can be correlated with Fairbridge (1961) favourably and the development of Notsukezaki associated with the fluctuation of sea level is schematically shown in Fig. 7.
著者
市川 学 出口 弘
出版者
公益社団法人 計測自動制御学会
雑誌
計測自動制御学会論文集 (ISSN:04534654)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.11, pp.1012-1019, 2013 (Released:2013-11-27)
参考文献数
11

This paper describes specific points of simulation models in the urban simulation domain. Most of the agent-based models in this domain are made with using the cellular automaton methodology, but lack of considering life spaces, such as houses, offices, schools and so on. In this paper, we make two similar infection models. One is based on the cellular automaton and the geographic information system without considering life spaces, while the other is with life spaces considered. From simulation results, we find that simulation results become significantly different due to the differences between ways of model construction, and realize that life spaces are very important for some social phenomena that focus on interactions between human and human, and human and spaces, such as a spreading infection phenomenon.
著者
葛飾戴斗 画
出版者
岡田茂兵衛
巻号頁・発行日
vol.5編 巻之8, 0000
著者
Tadanobu Takahashi Takashi Suzuki
出版者
The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
雑誌
Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.6, pp.817-826, 2015-06-01 (Released:2015-06-01)
参考文献数
69
被引用文献数
3 11

The spike glycoprotein neuraminidase (NA) of influenza A virus (IAV) has sialidase activity that cleaves the terminal sialic acids (viral receptors) from oligosaccharide chains of glycoconjugates. A new antigenicity of viral surface glycoproteins for humans has pandemic potential. We found “low-pH stability of sialidase activity” in NA. The low-pH stability can maintain sialidase activity under acidic conditions of pH 4–5. For human IAVs, NAs of all pandemic viruses were low-pH-stable, whereas those of almost all human seasonal viruses were not. The low-pH stability was dependent on amino acid residues near the active site, the calcium ion-binding site, and the subunit interfaces of the NA homotetramer, suggesting effects of the active site and the homotetramer on structural stability. IAVs with the low-pH-stable NA showed much higher virus replication rates than those of IAVs with low-pH-unstable NA, which was correlated with maintenance of sialidase activity under an endocytic pathway of the viral cell entry mechanism, indicating contribution of low-pH stability to high replication rates of pandemic viruses. The low-pH-stable NA of the 1968 H3N2 pandemic virus was derived from the low-pH-stable NA of H2N2 human seasonal virus, one of two types classified by both low-pH stability in N2 NA and a phylogenetic tree of N2 NA genes. The 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus acquired low-pH-stable NA by two amino acid substitutions at the early stage of the 2009 pandemic. It is thought that low-pH stability contributes to infection spread in a pandemic through enhancement of virus replication.
著者
柴田 里程 清水 邦夫 神保 雅一 加藤 剛
出版者
慶應義塾大学
雑誌
基盤研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2003

神経細胞網の発火,心拍,降雨,地震,金融商品の取引発生,店への客の来店など,さまざまな点過程データに共通に適用可能なデータオリエンテッドなモデル構築手法を開発するとともに,ひとつのモデルライブラリーとして蓄積した.また,適切なデータ取得に必要な実験計画,データ解析をトータルにサポートするソフトウエア環境の構築,時系列モデルとの関連性の研究も並行して進めた.本研究は,現象と数理モデルを結びつける道筋を明らかにし,その道筋つまりメタデータを蓄積し,支援環境として実現する一般的な研究計画の一環であり,特に点過程データに焦点を絞ったものである.ライブラリーは,クラスタリングのある点過程に対する汎用なモデル,隠れマルコフ点過程モデル,隠れ準マルコフ点過程モデル,混合点過程モデル,多変量点過程モデル,ゼロにリセットされたのち単調に増加する強度関数モデル,モデルそれぞれに関する最尤解探索離散化アルゴリズムなどからなり,その適用事例は,神経細胞の膜電位,心拍,降雨,地震発生,美容院来店,金融商品取引発生など多岐に渡る.また,モデル構築を容易にするための統合環境も構築した。本環境はDandDに基づくものであり,Textile Plotをはじめとするさまざまなデータヴィジュアリゼーション手法の充実が一つの特徴である.
著者
酒井 利信
出版者
日本武道学会
雑誌
武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, no.3, pp.26-34, 1992-03-31 (Released:2012-11-27)
参考文献数
28

In the Middle ages, Kenjutsu schools were formed by a man of genius who played an active part in the Warring States period. And with this formation, a view of swords that involved skills was formed. This did not exist before the Middle ages.The purpose of this study is to clarify a view of swords in the 16th and 17th centuries. In order to clarify this whole structure, I analyzed the structure that symbolized swords.The results can be summarized as follows.1. As time passed, symbolic swords became abstract, but the object of representation became concrete.2. A view of swords in this time can be divided into three classes, those are that of a subconscious awareness, that of common understanding, and that of real activities. The feature of this time is the class of real activities, that is, a view of swords that involved skills. This structure also has relation to mindcontrol.
著者
松浦 弘幸 伊藤 安海 根本 哲也 西井 匠 久保田 怜 中野 正博 玉川 雅章
出版者
バイオメディカル・ファジィ・システム学会
雑誌
バイオメディカル・ファジィ・システム学会誌 (ISSN:13451537)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, no.2, pp.53-62, 2011-10-20 (Released:2017-09-04)
参考文献数
9

人が日常的にロボットと共存する場面では,ロボットとの不用意な接触が原因とする力学的人体損傷が発生する.人に加えられる撃力のエネルギーは同じでも,人の部位により重篤となる撃力波形が異なり事から,身体部位ごとに損傷評価基準が異なる.我々は損傷評価モデルとして,人の転倒機序の分析モデルを提案した.人の転倒過程は(回転+自由落下運動)と仮定して,頭部,胸部,腹部,そして大腿部の損傷程度を見積もった.転倒モデルによる致命傷は,頭部骨折,胸部骨折,そして,腹腔内実質臓器の裂傷であり,その後の予後を大きく左右する.特に,頭部の損傷を評価する指標のHICは重要な概念であるが,他の部位には他の指標を用いた.さらに,撃力の吸収には,伸筋と屈筋が交互に振動をするように収縮・弛緩を繰り返し,あたかも,一個の粘弾性体の如く運動を行う.