著者
佐久間 拓也
出版者
文教大学
雑誌
情報研究 = Information and Communication Studies (ISSN:03893367)
巻号頁・発行日
no.20, pp.15-21, 1998-01-01

Nonstandard analysis is introduced by Robinson that apply model theory to it. But nonstandard analysis that use General nonstandard model approach a little domain. So it use enlargement or saturated model. Let *U be k+-enlargement or k+-saturated model and *M be set of unary formula, cardinal not greater than k . If *M is finitely satisfiable then *M is satisfiable. So it exist element that is satisfiable all formula in *M. Specially, saturation model is composed extentensin from external map to internal map. The main purpose is to give an nonstandard definition of a topology and to show the theory of topological space. It is defined the monad and standard part of a point in U. And it prove that existense of infinitesimal set and several theory of about open or close set. It give that the shadow of a subset of the standard topological space is closed.\n 1960年ごろ、A.ロビンソンは、モデル理論の考えを使うことによってライプニッツ流の無限小解析をそのままの形で合理化することができるのではないか、という着想を得た。これが超準解析のはじまりである。その後、超準解析は急速に発展し、数学の各分野できわめて魅力的な手段となった。 特にことわらない限り、Lは形式言語、UはそのL系で、その宇宙UとLの定項との間には双射が存在するとする。Lの文でUで真なるものの全体をXとし、Xの任意の文φがL系*Uで真であるとき*UをXのモデルという。以後X以外のもののモデルは考えないので、単にモデルという。Uはモデルである。 以後区別のため*UでLの論理式を解釈することを*解釈、真であることを*真とする。
著者
Keigo Yamashita Takehisa Abe Yoshihiro Hayata Tomoaki Hirose Shigeki Taniguchi
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.83, no.11, pp.2222-2228, 2019-10-25 (Released:2019-10-25)
参考文献数
26
被引用文献数
2

Background:Pulmonary arterial capacitance (PAC) is a determinant of right ventricular afterload and a strong independent predictor of unfavorable outcomes in advanced heart failure (HF) with pulmonary hypertension (PH). We aimed to test the hypothesis that preoperative PAC may affect postoperative clinical outcomes in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR) for severe aortic valve stenosis (AS), even in the absence of PH.Methods and Results:We studied 116 patients who underwent AVR for severe AS between January 2005 and December 2017. Right heart catheterization was performed for all patients prior to surgery. PAC and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) fit well to a hyperbolic relationship (PAC=0.23/PVR, R2=0.73). PAC also showed an inverse relationship with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) (r=−0.15) and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (r=−0.29) and provided a stronger prediction of death or HF admission than PCWP or PVR (area under the ROC curve of 0.74 vs. 0.40 and 0.41, respectively, P=0.002). During a median follow-up of 36 months, PAC (hazard ratio, 0.48; 95% confidence interval, 0.30–0.78; P=0.003) was an independent predictor of death or hospitalization for HF.Conclusions:In these patients undergoing AVR for severe AS, even in the absence of PH, preoperative reduced PAC was independently associated with adverse surgical outcomes. It seems that preoperative PAC has potential as an independent predictor of long-term prognosis after AVR for severe AS.
著者
齋藤 崇雅 粟田 大樹 増原 孝昭 芳賀 博英
雑誌
第78回全国大会講演論文集
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2016, no.1, pp.397-398, 2016-03-10

プログラムスライシングはプログラムの依存関係を解析する技術であり,ソフトウェアテスト,デバッグ,プログラム理解,コード最適化など,広範囲に応用されている技術である.また,LLVMは任意のプログラム言語に対応可能なコンパイル基盤であり,LLVM IRは特定のプログラミング言語とCPUアーキテクチャに依存しない中間表現である.本研究では,より多くのプログラミング言語に対応したプログラムスライスを求めるツールを実現するため,LLVM IRを対象としたプログラムスライシングツールを実装した.
著者
高田 一宏
出版者
一般社団法人 日本教育学会
雑誌
教育学研究 (ISSN:03873161)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.75, no.2, pp.180-191, 2008-06-30 (Released:2017-11-28)

教育をめぐる社会的不平等の克服をめざして、同和教育は学力保障の実践を積み重ねてきた。しかし、近年の調査によると、同和地区の子どもの学力低下は著しく、地区内外の学力格差は拡大する傾向にある。この論文では、先行研究を参照しつつ、同和地区の子どもの低学力要因と諸要因の関連構造を示した。さらに、学力保障の展望を探るべく、学校と家庭・地域の連携から生み出される社会関係資本の意義について述べた。同和地区の子どもの低学力は、不平等な機会構造、同和地区の下位文化と学校文化の不連続性、学校による下位文化の「再創造」、同和地区人口の流出入と若年層における就労の不安定化、消費社会化といった要因が複合的に作用した結果だと考えられる。地区の子どもの低学力問題の克服は容易ではないが、「効果のある学校」においては、学校・家庭・地域の信頼・協力関係が、学校内外の文化変容と取り組みの相乗効果をもたらしている。
著者
石井 国雄 沼崎 誠
出版者
日本社会心理学会
雑誌
社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, no.1, pp.25-34, 2015

It has been consistently demonstrated that self-threat induces automatic prejudice. The present study investigated whether men would not exhibit automatic prejudice even in the self-threat condition if the gender category was not salient. We manipulated the salience of the gender category and the threat to self-worth, and then measured automatic gender prejudice with an evaluative priming task. Our results showed that when the gender category was salient, men in the self-threat condition automatically inhibited activation of positive concepts by the woman prime compared with those in the non-threat condition. In contrast, such an effect did not emerge when the gender category was not salient. Hence, when the salience of the ingroup–outgroup category is decreased, men do not exhibit automatic prejudice even under self-threat.
著者
Yukie Yamamura Manabu Nonaka
出版者
The Medical Association of Nippon Medical School
雑誌
Journal of Nippon Medical School (ISSN:13454676)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.86, no.2, pp.117-121, 2019-04-26 (Released:2019-05-24)
参考文献数
10
被引用文献数
1 2

Sialorrhea is often treated with anticholinergic agents, but they can have undesirable side effects such as drowsiness, sedation, and constipation. Effective medication that acts selectively on the salivary glands is needed. We report the case of a patient with sialorrhea who was successfully treated by the combined use of pirenzepine and solifenacin (M1 and M3 muscarinic receptor antagonists, respectively). The patient was a 51-year-old man with mean unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates per 10 min of 6.1 mL and 41.7 mL, respectively (both were measured three times). 99mTcO4− salivary gland scintigraphy revealed characteristic spontaneous saliva secretion without stimulation. He was treated with Scopolia extract, escitalopram, solifenacin succinate, and the combined administration of solifenacin succinate and pirenzepine. A statistically significant decrease was observed from the pre-medication unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates only following the combined administration of solifenacin and pirenzepine. The major muscarinic receptor subtype expressed in the salivary glands is M3; however, M1 is also present. A study using knockout mice demonstrated that the presence of either M1 or M3 receptors was sufficient for salivation. Thus, the combined use of selective M1 and M3 antagonists could provide a good treatment option for sialorrhea.
巻号頁・発行日
vol.第189號 (昭和22年4月3日), 1947
巻号頁・発行日
vol.第188號 (昭和22年4月2日), 1947
著者
Keiko Yamasaki Hiroyuki Sawatari Nao Konagai Chizuko A. Kamiya Jun Yoshimatsu Jun Muneuchi Mamie Watanabe Terunobu Fukuda Atsushi Mizuno Ichiro Sakamoto Kenichiro Yamamura Tomoko Ohkusa Hiroyuki Tsutsui Koichiro Niwa Akiko Chishaki
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.83, no.11, pp.2257-2264, 2019-10-25 (Released:2019-10-25)
参考文献数
38
被引用文献数
5

Background:The average maternal age at delivery, and thus the associated maternal risk are increasing including in women with congenital heart disease (CHD). A comprehensive management approach is therefore required for pregnant women with CHD. The present study aimed to investigate the factors determining peripartum safety in women with CHD.Methods and Results:We retrospectively collected multicenter data for 217 pregnant women with CHD (age at delivery: 31.4±5.6 years; NYHA classifications I and II: 88.9% and 7.4%, respectively). CHD severity was classified according to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines as simple (n=116), moderate complexity (n=69), or great complexity (n=32). Cardiovascular (CV) events (heart failure: n=24, arrhythmia: n=9) occurred in 30 women during the peripartum period. Moderate or great complexity CHD was associated with more CV events during gestation than simple CHD. CV events occurred earlier in women with moderate or great complexity compared with simple CHD. Number of deliveries (multiparity), NYHA functional class, and severity of CHD were predictors of CV events.Conclusions:This study identified not only the severity of CHD according to the ACC/AHA and NYHA classifications, but also the number of deliveries, as important predictive factors of CV events in women with CHD. This information should be made available to women with CHD and medical personnel to promote safe deliveries.
著者
水野 一晴
出版者
公益社団法人 日本地理学会
雑誌
地理学評論 Ser. A (ISSN:00167444)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.63, no.3, pp.127-153, 1990-03-01 (Released:2008-12-25)
参考文献数
28
被引用文献数
4

カール内の植物群落は,地形,微気象(消雪時期,受光量,風など),地表面構成物質の性状と安定性など多くの環境要因の相互作用を受けて成立している.群落の空間的分布に対し,地形はこれらの要因の中でもっとも主導的な役割りを果たしている.地形と植生の間には次のような関係がある.1)カール内では,多くの地形がある程度定まった位置に形成されている.このため,カール内では地形の形態(凹凸)とその地形が一般に形成される位置(斜面方向)によって,消雪時期が特定化され,消雪時期の差が植物の生育期間や嫌雪性などの要因を通して群落の分布に影響を及ぼす.したがって,地形によって分布する群落が限られる.2)ただし,崖錐のように,形成される場所が不定の地形の場合,その地形の斜面の向きや場所によって風の強さや受光量に差が生じ,その結果,消雪時期,ひいては植生が多様になる.3)地形が消雪時期-植生に及ぼす影響については,(a)その形態(凹凸)がとくに重要な場合と,(b)その地形の占める位置(斜面方向)がとくに重要な場合があるが,(a)の場合は凹型・凸型斜面,(b)の場合は平滑斜面であるのが一般的である.4)地形は地表面構成物質の分布と性状に影響を及ぼし,この違いが土壌水分や地表の安定度などの要因を通して,群落の分布に影響を及ぼす.
著者
藤本 孝子
出版者
富山大学
雑誌
若手研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2006

Zucker fattyラットを用いて、インスリン抵抗性に対する和漢薬の効果を検討した。その結果、八味地黄丸に高インスリン血症改善作用、黄連解毒湯、桂枝茯苓丸、大柴胡湯、八味地黄丸、防已黄耆湯に脂質代謝を是正する作用が認められ、これらの作用によりインスリン抵抗性に好影響を与える可能性を示唆する知見が得られた。さらに、八味地黄丸ならびに防已黄耆湯投与後の脂肪組織における遺伝子発現をDNAマイクロアレイにより網羅的に解析した結果、和漢薬の投与により遺伝子発現が異なっており、これらの変化がインスリン抵抗性における作用発現の相違に関与している可能性が示唆された。
著者
緒方,康二
出版者
日本色彩学会
雑誌
日本色彩学会誌
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, no.4, 2000-12-01
著者
Kazue KOSAKA Sachiko YAMASHITA Chinatsu ANDO Yoriaki ENDO Keiko TANIGUCHI Shigeshi KIKUNAGA
出版者
Center for Academic Publications Japan
雑誌
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, no.5, pp.420-430, 2013 (Released:2014-01-14)
参考文献数
43
被引用文献数
6 15

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the zinc nutritional status and the factors associated with serum zinc concentration in the elderly patients in two nursing facilities: body mass index (BMI), the level of care, the grade of bedriddenness, and the grade of cognitive function. The estimations of the hematological constituents, physical index, and dietary survey were made based on the examination carried out of the 26 disabled elderly patients (male 6, female 20, mean age 90±6 y). The results obtained from this study can be summarized as follows: 1) The low activities of daily living (ADL) group showed a low level of serum zinc concentration, although the uptake rate of zinc by subjects was shown to be high when compared to the Dietary Reference Intakes 2010. 2) The high ADL group showed a high level of serum zinc concentration. 3) The results of multiple regression analysis among the serum zinc concentration, the determined serum ingredients, and the physical characteristics showed the significant correlation of serum zinc concentration against the BMI, the level of care, height, Alb and iron values. 4) The BMI, the level of care, the grade of bedriddenness, and the grade of cognitive function of the subjects changed according to the zinc nutritional status. These results suggested that the actual requirements of zinc of the subjects were different according to the BMI, the level of care, the grade of bedriddenness, and the grade of cognitive function.
著者
田中 清裕
出版者
日本爬虫両棲類学会
雑誌
爬虫両棲類学雑誌 (ISSN:02853191)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, no.2, pp.45-49, 1987-12-15 (Released:2009-03-27)
参考文献数
12
被引用文献数
2

Hynobius takedai was observed in the breeding season at Joyama in the city of Toyama in 1983. Measurements of five dimensions i. e., head width, head length, snout-vent length, tail length, and maximum tail height, were taken and the males were also individually marked. Twenty males and eighteen females appeared at the breeding site, and five of the males succeeded in protecting their territories. The males with territories (MTs) appeared earlier in the water than the males without territories (non-MTs). The males with larger bodies succeeded in protecting their territories and inseminating, since they were dominant in the struggle among fellow males. The snout-vent length of the MTs was more than 50mm, and their heads were wider than those of the non-MTs. The longer the snout-vent length of the MTs was, the larger their head and tail were, compared with those of the non-MTs and the females. The heads of the MTs grew larger and their tails grew longer only during the breeding season.