著者

甲野 佑 田中 一樹 岡田 健 奥村 エルネスト 純

雑誌

デジタルプラクティス (ISSN:21884390)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.351-367, 2019-01-15

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複数のプレイヤーからなる対戦ゲームを楽しんでもらう場合,ある1つのアイテムを持っているなどで勝敗が偏ってしまうゲームバランスは好ましくない.そのような極端な事態を招かないため,ゲームバランスについてはリリース前に慎重な検討と調整がなされる.しかしながら近年のゲームは継続的な更新により要素(キャラクター,アイテムなど)が追加され,ルールが随時変化していく.そのため制作者の意図しないゲームバランスの変化を引き起こす可能性が問題になっている.そこで我々はリリース前における正確なゲームバランス評価を目的として深層学習,特に深層強化学習に着目した.ただし近年のゲームに適用する場合,要素の追加にしたがって伸長する入出力ベクトルの大きさの扱いが問題となる.本研究ではアプリ型対戦ゲーム“逆転オセロニア”への適用を目的に,膨大な種類数のキャラクター要素の特徴ベクトルを自然言語処理由来の機械学習手法で表現学習し,深層強化学習に転用してゲームのプレイ戦術を学習する手法を提案した.また,ゲームバランス調整への深層学習応用を目指す中で得られた,他ゲームタイトルでのゲームバランス調整にも共通する知見,課題についてまとめた.

著者

尼川 創二

出版者

史学研究会 (京都大学文学部内)

雑誌

史林 (ISSN:03869369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.2, pp.p245-288, 1975-03

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個人情報保護のため削除部分あり一九二一年三月のロシア共産党第一〇回大会は、食糧割当徴発を食糧税に代え、さらに地方的規模での自由な取引を容認して、いわゆる「戦時共産主義」からネップへの転換を定めた。だが、この食糧税導入の措置は、あらかじめ重要議案として上程されたものでもなければ、綿密な討議を経て採択されたものでもなかったのである。税導入の決定は、なぜこのようなかたちをとらなければならなかったのであろうか。この問題は、「戦時共産主義」の問題と密接に関連しているように思われる。通説では、「戦時共産主義」は、戦争と経済崩壊によって余儀なくされた一時的措置、正常な路線からの逸脱であるとされ、「共産主義への直接的移行の試み」の側面は一部の「夢想家」の所為に帰される。しかし、これによっては、「戦時共産主義」の背後にあった意図や願望を正しく捉えることはできないであろう。共産党は「戦時共産主義」を通じて社会主義建設を企てていたのであり、ネップの端緒である、税と地方的自由取引の容認でさえ、少なからぬ困難を伴ったのである。

著者

Litao Zhang Yanli Long Hongyan Xiao Jun Yang Xiaohui Liu Zhenlu Zhang

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.18-237, (Released:2019-04-25)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

2

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Mechanical heart valve replacement (MHVR) entails lifetime oral anticoagulation to eliminate thrombosis. However, adverse events may still occur despite proper anticoagulation therapy. In this study, we investigated whether D-dimer can predict the clinical events in post-MHVR patients during oral anticoagulation therapy.This was a single-center, prospective study. In all, 772 patients who underwent MHVR in the Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital from January 2013 to May 2014 were screened. Patients were assigned to the abnormal D-dimer group and the normal D-dimer group according to the D-dimer levels measured 3 months after the beginning of the oral anticoagulation therapy regime. All patients were followed up for 24 months or until the observation of the endpoints, which included thrombotic events, bleeding events, and all-cause deaths.A total of 718 patients were included in the analysis: 91 had abnormal D-dimer levels, and 627 had normal D-dimer levels. In all, 53 events were observed during 24 months. Compared with the normal D-dimer group, patients with abnormal D-dimer levels had a higher incidence of thrombotic events (10 versus 14; hazard ratio (HR): 5.36; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.38-12.1; P < 0.001), all-cause mortality (8 versus 13; HR: 4.65; 95% CI: 1.93-11.2; P < 0.001), and a higher incidence of total events (16 versus 37; HR: 3.26; 95% CI: 1.81-5.86; P < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in bleeding events (2 versus 21; HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.17-3.07; P = 0.66).D-dimer may be a useful marker to predict thrombotic events and all-cause deaths in post-MHVR patients during oral anticoagulation therapy (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01996657).

著者

佐藤 公則 川口 壽郎 松岡 秀隆

出版者

The Japan Broncho-esophagological Society

雑誌

日本気管食道科学会会報 (ISSN:00290645)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.4, pp.292-299, 1990-08-10 (Released:2010-10-20)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

4 4

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Four patients with esophageal or hypopharyngeal perforation caused by endoscopy treated from 1981 through 1989 at Kurume University Hospital, are reviewed.1) All the patients were adult, two were male and two were female.2) The cause was by flexible fiberscopy in two patients with hypopharyngeal perforation, by rigid esophagoscopy in two patients with esophageal perforation. The lesion of hypopharyngeal perforation was left piriform sinus and that of esophagus was entrance of cervical esophagus.3) All the patients were treated surgically. Primary suture of the peforation was done in one case.4) All the patients were cured.5) The most useful examination was a lateral view of the cervical X-ray.6) From our experience, the following treatment is recommended. Operation should be done as soon as possible, and primary suture of the perforation would be done if possible. The operative wound should be opened, and oral administration of foods would be started if possible. And the operative wound could be successively closed if there were no problems.

著者

Hyue Mee Kim Dae-Won Sohn Jin Chul Paeng

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.18-345, (Released:2019-04-25)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

13

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Senile or wild-type transthyretin (wtTTR) amyloidosis is an age-related disease caused by the deposition of wtTTR amyloid protein. In contrast to light chain amyloidosis, 99 mTc-DPD scintigraphy (DPD scan) is a useful diagnostic modality for wtTTR amyloidosis.We retrospectively analyzed patients older than 30 years who underwent DPD scanning for non-cardiac reasons at our hospital between June 2014 and March 2017 (n = 9,581). Transthoracic echocardiography was used to assess left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), as well as systolic and diastolic function.A positive DPD scan was observed in only six patients (0.06%). All six of these patients were older than 70 years, and they constitute only 0.4% of patients in this age group (6/1652). Among the patients with a positive DPD scan, four showed concentric LVH and two showed a normal wall thickness. With respect to the severity of diastolic dysfunction and pulmonary artery pressure, patients with a positive DPD scan showed the expected E' and pulmonary artery systolic pressure for their age.Even considering the limited sensitivity of a positive DPD scan detecting wtTTR amyloidosis, the incidence of a positive DPD scan in non-cardiac patients indicated that wtTTR amyloid deposition does not seem to be a major cause for age-related diastolic dysfunction, nor does appear to have a high incidence in patients with heart failure with preserved EF in the elderly.

著者

堤 圭佑 森川 弘二 秋本 晃 保坂 浩

出版者

Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan

雑誌

自動車技術会論文集 (ISSN:02878321)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.3, pp.635-640, 2010

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車両で実走行中の瞬時燃料流量と筒内圧計測による全気筒全サイクルの図示平均有効圧を高精度で計測できるようにした。これにより、モード走行時の図示仕事と図示燃費率から燃費を診断・改善するシステムを開発した。このシステムを使い、4AT車と5MT車と比較したCVT車の燃費改善を定量的に解析した。

著者

Yasuo Tsuru Mizuki Miura Shinichi Shirai Masaomi Hayashi Kenji Taninobu Hiroshi Takiguchi Shinya Ito Mariko Yano Tomohiro Kawaguchi Takashi Morinaga Akihiro Isotani Shinichi Kakumoto Katsuhiro Seo Yoshio Arai Genichi Sakaguchi Kenji Ando

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.18-484, (Released:2019-04-25)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

3

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Aortic complex rupture is one of the most critical complications associated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Its incidence is rare, and its mechanism varies by case; therefore, it is difficult to identify the predictors of complex rupture. Herein, we report a clinical case series of aortic complex rupture. Within our cohort, the frequency of complex rupture was 0.8% (4/497 consecutive patients) with an in-hospital mortality of 0. Among these four patients with complex rupture, two underwent emergent thoracotomy and surgical hemostasis without a heart-lung machine and surgical aortic valve replacement, whereas the other two were conservatively managed. The case overview revealed the following similarities: all the patients were elderly, small women; balloon-expandable valves were used; the annulus area was small with heavily calcified leaflet; and aggressive treatment strategy was used (i.e., oversizing and post-dilatation). In such cases, TAVI should be performed with a careful strategy. Once aortic complex rupture occurs, damage can be minimized through cooperation with an institutional heart team and calm management.

著者

宋王應麟撰

出版者

慶元路儒學刊萬暦遞修刊

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[42], 1000

著者

林弘子

雑誌

宇宙航空環境医学

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, 2007

被引用文献数

1

著者

Masato Narita Masahiro Yamada Michiko Tsushima Natsumi Kudo Tomo Kato Yoshikazu Yokono Yuichi Toyama Maiko Senoo Manabu Yonekura Noritomo Narita Yoshihiro Kimura Kaori Sawada Itoyo Tokuda Hirofumi Tomita

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.18-511, (Released:2019-04-25)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

11

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Although there are several diagnostic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), their sensitivity remains low. A recent study reported that the sum of the amplitude of the deepest S wave in any lead (SD) and the S wave in lead V4 (SV4) (SD + SV4) improved sensitivity compared with commonly used criteria. To test whether this new formula improves sensitivity in the Japanese general population, we analyzed 12-lead electrocardiograms for Japanese residents participating in the Iwaki Health Promotion Project (n = 866). Left ventricular mass was calculated by echocardiography, indicating that 156 (18%) of the study population had LVH. In receiver operating characteristic analyses, the sum of the R wave in limb lead Ι (RLΙ) and the S wave in V4 (SV4) (RLΙ + SV4) showed a higher area under the curve (AUC = 0.76) than the Sokolow-Lyon voltage criteria (0.61) and the SD + SV4 criteria (0.63), and almost the same AUC as the Cornell voltage criteria (0.74) and the Cornell product criteria (0.76). The validation study also showed similar results. The cutoff values of RLΙ + SV4 criteria were ≥1.6 mV in men and ≥1.4 mV in women with a sensitivity of 39% and a specificity of 89%, whereas the sensitivity and specificity calculated based on SD + SV4 criteria were 21% and 94%, respectively. Thus, the diagnostic criterion of RLΙ + SV4 seems to be more useful than the previous criteria for diagnosing LVH in the Japanese general population.

著者

岡田 卓也

出版者

東京国際大学

雑誌

臨床心理学研究 (ISSN:13481223)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.47-63, 2004

著者

伊藤 いちこ 村野井 均 芝田 成輝 ITO Ichiko MURANOI Hitoshi SHIBATA Naruki

出版者

茨城大学教育学部

雑誌

茨城大学教育学部紀要(教育総合)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.389-406, 2014

著者

柴田元幸編著

出版者

東京大学出版会

巻号頁・発行日

2007

著者

村田和代編 = edited by Murata Kazuyo

出版者

ひつじ書房

巻号頁・発行日

2018

著者

野中 進

出版者

埼玉大学教養学部

雑誌

埼玉大学紀要 (ISSN:05813654)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.61-79, 2001

著者

仲田 浩三

出版者

東南アジア学会

雑誌

東南アジア -歴史と文化- (ISSN:03869040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1972, no.2, pp.100-121, 1972

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Since the theory regarding this kingdom was put forward by Mayers in 1875, A. D., according to which Ho-ling is the transcription of Kalinga in South India and showing that the people coming from that region had settled in Java, many scholars have accepted it. In 1964 Damais, who had been trying to prove the new theory by Coed&eacute;s (proposed in 1948) wrote an article, in which he said that the name of Ho-ling in Chinese is to be transcribed <i>Walai_??_</i> in Old Javanese found in southen Central Java, and that this state existed as a kingdom from 640 A. D. to 818 A. D. In 1962 Iwamoto wrote an article, in which the name was transcribed as <i>Sailendra</i>.<br>This writer has drawn following conclusions regarding this problem, 1) that Ho-ling existed from before 640 A. D. to the second half of the ninth century (860-875 A. D.), according to the Hsin T'ang-shu, 2) that Ho-ling was established as a country in before 640 A. D. because it had sent the envoys to China in 647 A. D., 648 A. D., and 666 A. D. which were earlier than the years noted in the book by (_??_ie-dzia_??_) on the country of Srivijaya, 3) that during (Da_??_) period the main harbor was (<i>Kua_??_-tsi_??_u</i>) for plying between China and India or Southeast Asia by ship and then the route was along East of Malay Peninsula and Java, according to some historical sources in Chinese, 4) that Ho-ling is given the names of (<i>Zia</i>²-<i>b'u&acirc;</i>¹) and (<i>Zia</i>¹-<i>b'u&acirc;</i>¹) in the Hsin T'ang-shu and the country of is named (<i>Piu</i>²-<i>ka-liu_??_</i>¹), too, in the Ling-wai-tai-ta and <i>Piu-ka-liu_??_</i> is written the name of a harbor by way of (<i>Ja_??_gala</i>) at East Java in the (Tao-i-tsa-chik), so <i>Piu-ka-liu_??_</i> is not a name of country but that of the harbor of Pakalongan in 1817 A. D. at the northern Central Java, 5) that the following word formation and sound changes are conceivable:<br>luwa_??_>lo_??_&rarr;pakalo_??_an<br>luwa_??_>lwa_??_&rarr;kaluwa_??_>kalwa_??_&rarr;pakalwa_??_an>pakalo_??_an}>pakalo_??_an<br>and (<i>xa</i>¹-<i>lia_??_</i>¹) can be interpreted as abbreviation of <i>pakalwa_??_an</i> and identified with <i>kalwa_??_/kalo_??_</i> in Old Javanese, 6) that S&aring;j&aring;met&aring; and Tuk Mas inscriptions (undated) are found in northern Central Java; the former is found at the village near Batang which is located at the east of Pekalongan in the present, and these inscriptions are written in one of the variety of Brahmi script which is, however, different from usual script in appearing of new types of letters in cerebral <i>NA/N-</i>and liquid <i>RA/R</i> as shown on the inscriptions of Kedukan Bukit, Talang Tuw&aring; in Sumatra and Hampran, Din&aring;y&aring; in Java, and 7) that on the inscriptions of Kota Kapur at Bangka and Sa&ntilde;jaya in Java, archaic forms for liquid <i>RA/R-</i> and medial <i>U (suku in Javanese</i>) had been used reguarly, and if it is correct to identify S&aring;j&aring;mert&aring; inscription at the time befor 639 A. D. (of. Nakada, 1973), the family of <i>Selendra</i> inscribed on it had ruled the northern Kedu; also that the amily of Sa&ntilde;jaya settled at the southern Kedu or Prambanan, either from another part of Java or from another land, in 732 A. D. at the latest.

著者

松亭金水 編次

巻号頁・発行日

vol.六, 1800

著者

Ying Zhou Jiansong Yuan Yong Wang Shubin Qiao

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.18-598, (Released:2019-04-25)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

6

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Apelin was proved to attenuate cardiac interstitial fibrosis. However, the association between apelin level and myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is still unclear.This study aims to determine whether apelin is associated with myocardial fibrosis in HCM and investigate the predictive values of apelin for myocardial fibrosis in HCM.One hundred sixteen patients with HCM were enrolled in this study. Plasma apelin-13 and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (cTNI) were measured. The cardiac systolic and diastolic functions were evaluated by echocardiography, and the presence and extent of cardiac fibrosis were assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance. All statistical data were analyzed by SPSS version 21.0.The percentage of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was negatively correlated with apelin and positively correlated with cTNI, maximum wall thickness (MWT), and left ventricular mass index in the overall patients with HCM and LGE. Apelin, cTNI, MWT, and left ventricular ejection fraction were independent predictors of the presence of LGE. The cutoff values of apelin, cTNI, and MWT were 1.24 pg/mL, 0.031 ng/mL, and 19 mm, respectively, for the prediction of LGE. The combined measurements of MWT ≥ 19 mm and/or apelin ≤ 1.24 pg/mL, as well as the combined measurements of MWT ≥ 19 mm and/or cTNI ≥ 0.031 ng/mL, obtained higher specificity and higher sensitivity, thus, indicating the presence of LGE.Plasma apelin and cTNI are independent predictors of myocardial fibrosis. The combined measurements of serum apelin and MWT, as well as cTNI and MWT, showed higher predictive values for predicting myocardial fibrosis in patients with HCM.

著者

洪許 于絹 石井 克枝

出版者

日本調理科学会

雑誌

日本調理科学会大会研究発表要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.9, 2003

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【目的】台湾の家庭では薬膳スープを作り、食されている。四物湯はその中でもよく作られているスープである。本研究は台湾の家庭の調理方法により、加熱時間による呈味と呈味成分の変化を調べるともに、日本人を対象に嗜好調査を行った。<br>【方法】生薬は台湾の漢方専門店で購入し、鶏肉は市販手羽元を用いた。四物湯の調製は鶏肉480gと生薬(当帰・熟地・川芎・芍薬)47gと純水1150ml(台湾ではこの1/3量を使用するのが一般的)を加えて加熱した。加熱時間は30、45、60、90分とした。加熱には「大同電鍋」(間接釜式の電気炊飯器)を用いた。スープは加熱終了後1000mlに定容した。呈味成分の測定試料は一定量のスープを同量のn-ヘキサンで脱脂し、終濃度80%のエタノールで除タンパク後、減圧蒸留した。呈味成分はIMP、イノシン、ヒポキサンチン(HPLC)、還元糖(ソモギ・ネルソン法)、乳酸(酵素法)、タンパク質(Lowry法)を測定し、さらに、スープの官能検査(2点識別・嗜好法変法)を行った。<br>【結果】IMPは45分のスープにもっとも多く含まれ、タンパク 質や還元糖は90分のスープで多く、乳酸は60、90分で多い傾向がみられた。呈味成分全体としてみると、60分スープの量がもっとも多かった。官能検査では45分のスープを基本として比較した。30分はうま味やこくがなく、60分はうま味やこくが弱い傾向であったが有意差はなく、90分はうま味やこくが少なく好ましくないと評価された。官能検査では、45分のスープが最もおいしいと評価された。台湾の家庭では加熱時間を経験的におよそ1時間としており、その加熱時間の妥当性が明らかになった。

著者

金子 晋丈 林素娟 森川 博之 青山 友紀

出版者

一般社団法人情報処理学会

雑誌

情報処理学会研究報告ユビキタスコンピューティングシステム(UBI) (ISSN:09196072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2003, no.115, pp.147-152, 2003-11-18

参考文献数

8

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コンピューティングデバイスやネットワークリソースが遍在する環境,積極的に通信のエンドポイントを切り替えていくサービスモビリティが望まれる.サービスモビリティを実現するためには,通信を安全に切りることが必須となる.筆者らは,サービス移動をセキュアに行うための機構として,端末固有情報に依存しない通信インタフェースを提供するセッションレイヤモビリティサポートを用い,これにKey-insulated公開鍵暗号方式を適用することによって端末に依存しない通信の移動を実現しようと考えた.Key-insulated公開鍵暗号方式は,秘密鍵を安全でないデバイス上で利用することを考え,ステージに分けて秘密鍵が管理されているため,端末に依存しない認証処理を可能とする.本方式では,1つのセッションに1つのKey-insulated公開鍵を割り当て,ユーザの移動にステージを対応付けることにより,Key-insulated公開鍵のセッションレイヤモビリティサポートへの適用を実現している.In the environment where the computing devices and access links are ubiquity it is desired to switch the resources according to our context (Service mobility). In order to realize service mobility, security consideration is indispensable. First, we use session layer mobility support which provides an interface independent of the lower layer details and enhance it to realize secure service migration using Key-insulated public-key cryptosystems. Key-insulated cryptosystems have developed for using the private key on insecure device. Therefore, they use the private key refreshed at discrete time periods and realize terminal independent public-key cryptosystems. We enable the secure service migration using the key-insulated private key corredpondent to every migration.