著者

田中 秀穂

出版者

研究・イノベーション学会

雑誌

年次学術大会講演要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, pp.169-172, 2017-10-28

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一般講演要旨

著者

橋本 健

出版者

研究・イノベーション学会

雑誌

年次学術大会講演要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, pp.165-168, 2017-10-28

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一般講演要旨

著者

Koichi Murano Hirofumi Ogino Tomofumi Okuno Tomohiro Arakawa Hitoshi Ueno

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.92-98, 2018-01-01 (Released:2018-01-01)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

13

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The role of supplementary selenium on the induction of insulin resistance and oxidative stress in a diabetic mouse model was investigated in NSY mice on a high fat diet (HFD) and administered seleno-L-methionine (SeMet)-containing water for 12 weeks. Significant increases in oral glucose tolerance-tested (OGTT), insulin tolerance-tested, and non-fasting blood glucose levels were observed in mice on a HFD, as well as the significant increases in OGTT and non-fasting plasma insulin levels. Mice on a HFD had decreased plasma adiponectin levels and increased free fatty acid (FFA) levels. Supplementary SeMet significantly augmented OGTT blood glucose levels in mice on a HFD and plasma FFA levels in mice on a normal diet. The mRNA levels of six selenoproteins were measured, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) 1 and selenoprotein P (SelP) were selected as candidates that may be associated with insulin resistance or oxidative stress in the liver. Hepatic GPx1 expression was elevated in mice on a HFD and SeMet supplementation, and SelP expression increased in mice on a HFD. Histopathological observations in hepatic tissues showed hypertrophy of parenchymal cells and significant expression of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in mice on a HFD, indicating lipid accumulation and oxidative stress induction. Hepatic protein tyrosine phosphatase activity also increased by a HFD. These results suggest that hepatic lipid accumulation in NSY mice on a HFD promoted oxidative stress and hepatic SelP expression, and supplementary SeMet induced hepatic GPx1 expression.

著者

メストメッカー エルンスト-ヨアヒム 早川 勝[訳]

出版者

同志社大学

雑誌

同志社法學 (ISSN:03877612)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.2, pp.1426-1404, 2011-07

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万人の万人に対する競争(Bellum omnium contra omnes)? -自然状態における競争について 放牧地で時を過ごす羊の平穏は、比較的な自己愛と競争を欠いているひとの社会に関してカントが述べた比喩である。どうもうな狼の食欲は、市民社会における安全と安寧の自由をあきらめさせる自然状態におけるひとに対するホッブスが述べた比喩である。これらの見解は、自由と平等に関する正反対の原則を教える。カントにとっては、個人の自由は、対立する自由であって、この自由は、法の支配の下での平等な自由と共存することができる。これに対して、トーマス・ホッブスの明らかに反対の立場では、デヴィッド・ヒュームの法と社会の研究およびアダム・スミスの法と経済学の研究を意識しかつ考慮に入れた法と社会の諸原則が展開される。ホッブスは、法と経済を動かす力としての幸福に関するかれの功利主義の解釈と同じ様に、法実証主義に関するベンサムの基本的な説明を採り入れた。それは、法と幸福主義との同一視であり、競争と競争法に関するひとつの重要な論争に導く。つまり、個々人の競争的行為に対する貢献を結果として生じる幸福のプラスまたはマイナスの成果と同一視できるかという問題である。この論争は、ドイツでは、カルテルの禁止かまたはカルテルに対する濫用規制なのかという二者択一の問題を支配した。それに対して、米国では、成果に関する評価審査が有効競争理論のひとつの論点であった。つまり、この論争は、福利のマイナスの成果について特別な立証(specific proof of negative welfare effects)がなされない場合には、伝統的な反トラスト法違反を弁明することができないと主張する反トラストシカゴ学派によってもたらされた。欧州では、それは、もちろん、競争ルールに関する解釈についてより経済的なアプローチをするEU委員会の解釈によって、消費者に対する福利審査(consumer welfare test)の実行可能性に関する論争について終止符が打たれた。それは、デヴィッド・ヒュームの理論の伝統を引き継ぎながら、特別な競争行為の福利に関する成果審査では解明できない理由を説明する制度複合現象理論を展開したF.A.フォン・ハイエクの理論である。筆者は、本稿では、競争ルールが、契約の自由、個人の財産権に関する私法制度の一部であるとして、また、競争を発見手続きとして解している。競争の自由に関する個人の権利は、競争過程における公益とそれに対して適用できるルールを形成するのである。

著者

西田 雅弘

出版者

下関市立大学学会

雑誌

下関市立大学論集 (ISSN:03875296)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.3, pp.103-115, 2016-01

著者

M.G.ムッツァレッリ著 伊藤亜紀訳

出版者

知泉書館

巻号頁・発行日

2010

著者

大庭 拓也 山田 幸一 岡田 信之 相馬 仁 谷藤 克也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.757, pp.2459-2467, 2009-09-25 (Released:2017-06-09)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

3 2

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Rolling stock has been generally inspected and maintained on the basis of the preventive maintenance. However, the reliability of the sensors and information technology has drastically improved, and with this background the objective of this research is to develop the condition monitoring system for the bogies of the Shinkansen cars. This paper describes an algorithm for detecting fault in some parts of bogies. This scheme is based on the statistic analysis of vibration acceleration during some period. This algorithm named peak average method detects the difference of the vibration peak distribution between fault cases and normal ones. For examining the possibility to detect fault in the bogie, experiments simulating some fault modes in bogie parts are conducted in the rolling stock test plant at Komaki Research Center of CJRC. From the results of these experiments, we can show the reliability and the validation of this scheme for monitoring conditions of Shinkansen bogies developed in this research.

著者

村山 功

出版者

愛知教育大学大学院・静岡大学大学院教育学研究科 共同教科開発学専攻

雑誌

教科開発学論集 (ISSN:21877327)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.55-64, 2013-03-31

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断片的知識(KIP)論は、認知の文脈依存性や知識構造の獲得・移行を重視した、知識表現モデルの一種である。KIP コミュニティにおける先導的な研究者であるdiSessa は、物理に関する直観的な推論を説明するためにp-prims 理論を構築した。p-prims は小さな要素知識であり、呼び出しの優先度と信頼性の優先度によって相互に結びついている。形式的知識と素朴概念の共存、およびそれによる推論は、これらの結合の変化によって説明される。Lawler は自然な状況における自分の娘の加算の学習を、彼流のKIP 理論であるマイクロワールドによって説明した。どちらの研究者も、知識の文脈依存性やKIP間の関連付けの重要性を強調している。このことは、学習者の知識が文脈に依存しない一般的な構造であり、容易に組み合わせて新たな知識構造を作ることができるとする、教育上の仮定に対する再考を促す。

著者

金久 博昭

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.43-43, 2016

被引用文献数

2

著者

門脇一彦

出版者

神戸大学大学院経営学研究科

雑誌

神戸大学経営学研究科 Discussion paper

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2017・16, 2017-06 (Released:2017-07-05)

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日本企業の育成過程は、学習者と熟練者が伴に働き優れた能力を伝える、OJTによる技能伝承の考えが定着している。把握困難な能力の移転を目指すが故に、やみくもにOJTを重ね、育成の実感を与えぬままに長い時間が過ぎるのが、多くの製造業の実情ではないだろうか。伝統芸能や単純な道具を巧みに扱う伝統産業は、技能の対象となる技や道具及び素材の変化は激しいとはいえない。一方、企業化した製造業の扱う生産技術や素材は、企業間の激しい生存競争と自然科学の進化によって、絶え間ない変化を続けている。技能を技術を巧みに扱う能力として捉えると、技術が変化するならば技能も変化するとして把握すべきで、育成を技能伝承の概念で捉えるこれまで考えでは、技術人材の育成に課題があるとするのが本研究の出発点である。

著者

米村 憲輔 西田 公明 薬師寺 俊剛 中村 孝文 高木 克公

出版者

West-Japanese Society of Orthopedics & Traumatology

雑誌

整形外科と災害外科 (ISSN:00371033)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.551-554, 1998-03-25 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

6

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We review the clinical results of 19 cases with intramuscular hemangioma. Subjects included 6 males and 13 females ranging in age from 5 to 58 years (median, 23 years). The tumor was located in the upper extremities in 3 patients, the trunk in 3, and the lower extremities in 13. Pain on motion was found in 17 patients (89.5%) and limitation in motion range was reported in 60%. Surgical planning was done using MRI and a wide surgical margin was used in regard to the affected muscle and a marginal margin for surrounding tissues. The excision was performed in all patients and no recurrence was found in the duration of follow-up ranging from 7 to 101 months (median, 57 months). Furthermore, the limitation of motion was completely improved and the postoperative disability such as gait disturbance was not noted. Thus, the wide surgical excision of intramuscular hemangioma achieved satisfactory results.

著者

井上 博子 伊原 公一郎 後藤 能成 河合 伸也

出版者

中国・四国整形外科学会

雑誌

中国・四国整形外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:09152695)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.1, pp.69-73, 2001-04-20 (Released:2009-03-31)

参考文献数

10

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19 patients with intramuscular hemangioma (IMH) in the extremity have been treated at our institution over the last 15 years. The average age was 20 years (range, 1 to 70 years).Involved sites were the lower extremity in 12 patients, and the upper extremity in 7. The mean follow-up period was 5.1 years (range, 0.5 to 15 years). Longstanding pain and swelling were common symptoms. Plain X-ray showed phlebolith in 10 patients. Magnetic resonance imaging, 13 patients, delineated the extent of the lesions, and revealed characteristic structures within the tumors. These two imaging modalities were informative for diagnosis and surgical treatment planning. Angiography and compued tomography were less valuable, although they also showed the lesions to some extent. Diagnosis of IMH was obtained preoperatively in 8 patients, however, the remaining 11 patients needed open biopsy. Extirpation of the tumors was performed in 17 patients, one of whom also received radiotherapy. Of the remaining two patients, one receieved only radiotherapy. The other, tumor was left untreated, because it was too extensive to be excised without significant morbidity. These two patients, had no major disability at the latest follow-up. Local recurrence occurred in 2 of the 17 surgically-treated patients. Complete extripation is needed for local control of the disease, but feasibility of the surgery depends on the tumor's location and size. Low dose radiotherapy may be a useful alternative, when the lesion is extensive, and the symptoms warrants.

著者

長谷川 秀樹

出版者

日本島嶼学会

雑誌

島嶼研究 (ISSN:18847013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2000, no.1, pp.35-60, 2000 (Released:2010-04-30)

参考文献数

30

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The “region”, sub-national entity in Europe, plays some more important roles in a place of Nation-States in a context of European integration. However, “island regions” around European Continent have a risk to be more marginalised by the economic integration advanced by the central regions. The island region in Europe has a special socio-economic backwardness caused by its remoteness from the Continent and this special character is called “insularity”.Political autonomy is, I think, one of the best choices that activate an island region without delete its insularity. Thus European insular regions have a special status that is different from the regions in the Continent, that rules their political autonomy. However, there are many cases that island regions have a heterogeneous historic-cultural fact and a strong identity that could appeal to nationalism or separatism from the mainland country. So that autonomous status of island region in Europe is not homogeneous.Corsica, Mediterranean island region that belongs to France, has not been autonomous for a long time because of its special socio-political situations, Corsican nationalism and “clan”, one of patriarchal formations typically observed in some Mediterranean insular regions.In 1982, by the decentralization policies of socialist President Mitterrand, France was reorganized into 22 more autonomous “regions” from the “prefecture” whose prefect has been nominated by the Ministry of Interior, French administrative. Corsica was ruled by an act as a region with a special status. The Regional Assembly of Corsica consisted of 61 representatives elected by the islanders was created in this year and could vote projects of program on mainly Corsican linguistic and cultural education of a supplemental course in a school, regional transportation and development of new energy. The regional administration of Corsica could exert these programs.However, instability in the Regional Assembly because of lack of a strong core party and frequent elections, shortage of competence or finance of the Region of Corsica caused their dysfunction and discredit from the islanders.And in 1991, Corsican act was revised and Corsica changed a Territorial Collectivity, original local entity, from a region, common local entity. Though this renewal act defined Corsica as a “people”, Constitutional Council judged that this definition would be against the French Constitution that rules French national unity and its equality, and deleted Article 1 that contains this definition.However, Corsica was authorized to be more autonomous with an original competence. In addition to education and broadcasting of regional language and culture, special taxation and some economic development program are ceded to Corsica. And Corsican regional organization also was changed. Regional Assembly was divided into Corsican Territorial Assembly and Corsican Executive Council. The president and 6 members of Executive Council exert Corsican regional administrative and vote projects of budget and cultural and economic programs, and these members are elected from the representatives in the Territorial Assembly by election. Executive Councilors are obliged to make some annual reports on the executive situation and their results in the Assembly and to be credited by it. Thus after 1991, Corsica establishes its collegiality and responsibility for the smooth practice of the larger competence.It is doubtful whether Corsica has a political autonomy by the status reform in 1991. Because there is not any articles on Corsican status in the French Constitution though those of TOMs' status, French Overseas Islands, are in it, and those of Sicilian and Sardinian status are in the Italian Constitution. And Corsican Territorial Assembly can vote only motions, some taxation and programs of local cultural and economic development, but not any

著者

Yasuhiro Morimoto Tomoki Oshikawa Atsushi Imai Yu Okubo Koji Kaneoka

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.154-158, 2018 (Released:2018-01-27)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

7

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[Purpose] To measure electromyographic activity of the piriformis using fine-wire electrodes during 7 hip movements. [Subjects and Methods] Eleven healthy men, without severe low back pain or lower limb injury, participated in this study. Fine-wire electrodes were inserted into the piriformis and surface electrodes were attached to the muscles in the hip region and the trunk muscles on the dominant arm side. Electromyographic signal amplitude was measured during 7 hip movements: side-lying external rotation in hip neutral position, side-lying abduction in hip neutral position, side-lying abduction in hip external rotation, side-lying abduction in hip internal rotation, prone extension in hip neutral position, prone extension in hip external rotation, and prone extension in hip internal rotation. Repeated-measures one-way analysis of variance was used to examine electromyographic activity in each of the 7 hip movements. [Results] Piriformis electromyographic activity was highest during prone hip extension in external rotation. Both the superior and inferior portions of the gluteus maximus were also highly activated during prone hip extension in external rotation. [Conclusion] Prone hip extension in external rotation induced high electromyographic activity in the piriformis and superior and inferior gluteus maximus muscles.

著者

Dong-Kyu Lee Jae-Seop Oh

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.116-118, 2018 (Released:2018-01-27)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

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[Purpose] This study assessed the relationship between hamstring length and gluteus maximus (GM) strength with and without normalization by body weight and height. [Subjects and Methods] In total, 34 healthy male subjects volunteered for this study. To measure GM strength, subjects performed maximal hip joint extension with the knee joints flexed to 90° in the prone position. GM strength was normalized for body weight and height. [Results] GM strength with normalization was positively correlated with hamstring length, whereas GM strength without normalization was negatively correlated with hamstring length. [Conclusion] The normalization of GM strength by body weight and height has the potential to lead to more appropriate conclusions and interpretations about its correlation with hamstring length. Hamstring length may be related to GM strength.

著者

Wakana Katsuta Masahiro Aihara Noboru Hirose Fumiaki Saito Hiroki Hagiwara

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.42-46, 2018 (Released:2018-01-27)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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[Purpose] Changes in oxidative stress severity and antioxidant potential are routinely used as oxidative stress markers. While several studies have reported the relationship between these markers and exercise, little is known about the dynamic nature of these markers during muscle atrophy and reloading. Therefore, we examined changes in oxidative stress severity and antioxidant potential during muscle atrophy and reloading. [Subjects and Methods] Muscle atrophy was induced in mice by casting the limb for 2 weeks. Mice were then subjected to reloading for 2 weeks. The severity of oxidative stress (hydroperoxide) and antioxidant potential (degree of reduction) were quantified. [Results] Muscle atrophy was induced by cast immobilization. The muscle mass of mice recovered to similar levels as the control group following 2 weeks of reloading. The degree of oxidative stress was within the normal range throughout the experimental period. The antioxidant potential decreased to the clinical borderline level 2 weeks after immobilization, further decreased after 1 day of reloading, and then recovered to within the normal range. [Conclusion] Performing d-ROMs and BAP tests may contribute to the understanding to atrophic process of skeletal muscle in clinical practice of physical therapy.

著者

Kuboki Kazuhiro

出版者

The Physical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan (ISSN:00319015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.2, 2017-12-27

被引用文献数

3

著者

Ayumi Goto Keiichi Sekine Rieko Oshima Ichika Sakon Mayu Iwamoto Tomohiko Osaki Kotaro Haga Tatsuya Hayashi Tatsuro Egawa

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.87-93, 2018-01-25 (Released:2018-01-19)

参考文献数

37

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Heat stress (HS) is a potent stimulus for activating glucose metabolism in skeletal muscles. However, the effect of short-term HS on protein turnover in skeletal muscles is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term HS on protein synthesis and protein degradation in skeletal muscles. The epitrochlearis muscle was isolated from male Sprague–Dawley rats weighing 150-160 grams (g) and incubated with or without HS at 42°C for 10 or 30 min in alpha minimum essential medium. HS for 30 min significantly decreased phosphorylation of 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase at Thr389 and 4E-binding protein 1 at Thr37/46. Correspondingly, HS for 30 min decreased the rate of protein synthesis. In contrast, HS had no effect on the expression of autophagy-related proteins, including microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 and p62, or on the mRNA expression of muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases, including muscle RING-finger 1 (MuRF1) and atrogin-1/MAFbx. These findings suggested that short-term HS for approximately 30 min is a physiologically relevant stimulus that suppresses protein synthesis signaling in skeletal muscles.

著者

Lattapon Suwanprinya Noppawan Phumala Morales Pimtip Sanvarinda Hamady Dieng Tamaki Okabayashi Ronald Enrique Morales Vargas

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.4, pp.383-387, 2017 (Released:2017-07-24)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

8

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Encephalitis has been described worldwide as a severe complication in patients infected by dengue virus. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is a key mechanism involved in the neuronal damage caused by viral encephalitis. In the present study, the capability of dengue virus serotypes 2 (DENV2) and DENV4 to induce ROS production was investigated in a rat microglial cell line, HAPI cells. The cells were infected with DENV2 and DENV4 at a multiplicity of infection of 0.1 for a 2-h adsorption period. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was used as the reference. DENV2- and DENV4-induced microglial activation and significantly increased ROS production corresponded to decreased cell viability. The activity of DENV4 was significantly higher than the activities of DENV2 and JEV at 48 and 72 h post infection. DENV4 partly induced ROS production via an iron-induced Fenton reaction, as demonstrated by the treatment with an iron chelator, deferiprone. Despite the induction of increased inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide (NO) production by JEV, DENV2, and DENV4 did not induce NO production, suggesting the activation of different pathways in response to infections by different viruses. In conclusion, DENV2 and DENV4 have the capability to induce ROS production and activate microglia, which have been reported as the key components of neuronal damage.

著者

東奥日報社 編

出版者

東奥日報社出版部

巻号頁・発行日

vol.昭和16年度版, 1943