著者
鈴木 利一
出版者
長崎大学
雑誌
若手研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2003

春季から夏季にかけて、東シナ海の広い範囲(特に北東域を中心に)で、群体形成藍藻であるトリコデスミウムを採集し、その表層分布の特性と付着生物(トリコデスミウムを特異的に摂餌するカイアシ類Macrosetella gracilis幼生に注目)との量的関係を調査した。細胞糸が複雑に絡み合う群体を形成するこの藻類は、体容積を測定することが困難である為、細胞内に存在するクロロフィルa量でその生物量を指標した。また、この藻類のクロロフィルaと、他の植物プランクトンが含有するクロロフィルaとを確実に区別する為に、20μm目合いのプランクトンネットにより採取されたサンプルの中から、トリコデスミウム細胞糸のみを直ちに実体顕微鏡下で分離し、ジメチルホルムアミド溶媒で抽出した後に、蛍光光度計で測定した。この研究を通してわかったことは、以下のとおりである。(I)塩分が増加すると、トリコデスミウム現存量の最大値が指数関数的に増加した。(II)海水温が増加すると、トリコデスミウム現存量は指数関数的に増加した。(III)植物プランクトン現存量に対して、トリコデスミウム現存量が占める割合はクロロフィル濃度にして0.05〜17%になった。(IV)細胞分裂途中の割合で指標した相対的な細胞増殖速度は、現存量の大小とあまり関係がなかった。(V)Macrosetella gracilisの成体の現存量と、トリコデスミウム現存量との間には量的な関係が見られなかった。(VI)Macrosetella gracilisの幼生の現存量と、トリコデスミウム現存量との間には正の関係が見られた。(VII)ネット動物プランクトンの乾燥重量とは負の関係がみられた。これからの課題としては、付着生物群のなかで、微細なものに焦点を絞り、その相互関係を中心に研究を進めていくことが急務であると推察された。
著者
菱沼 千明 山下 堅治 中西 正和
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理 (ISSN:04478053)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, no.11, pp.1002-1008, 1976-11-15
被引用文献数
1

This paper presents some usuful techniques for implementing LISP 1.5 interpreter. First, effective push down stack techniques are given in order to realize the recursive procedure peculiar to the function of LISP. Second, we show a method to curtail the excess a-list which is generated by universal functions when they evaluate iterative functions. The efficiency of those methods are also shown by comparing the mini-LISP, which is made to employ those methods, with other LISP 1.5 interpreters.
著者
黒川 利明
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理 (ISSN:04478053)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, no.11, pp.1056-1063, 1976-11-15

LISP 1.9 is an extended and revised programming system from LISP 1.6. Its fundamental features are as follows:1) high preformance both on execution and debugging,2) many useful functions, 3) new powerful input/output facilities. LISP 1.9 has also many useful libraries written by users, among which are as follows:1) graphic input/output facilities, 2) translation facility for programs written in other LISP languages, 3) programming languages for AI application, 4) natural language processing system, 5) mini-question-answering system with figure-output. The current status of LISP 1.9 system is described in this paper with a discussion about the future extensions. LISP 1.9 is originally implemated for the Pattern Information Processing System Project supervised by Electrotechnical Laboratory.
著者
長尾 真 中村 和雄
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理 (ISSN:04478053)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, no.8, pp.720-728, 1976-08-15

The implementation of LISP 1.6(LIST processing language 1.6) for a minicomputer (TOSBAC_40C) is described. The implementation of a full-power LISP processor require large program area and large free cell space, because the LISP processor must be able to run a large program efficiently. As our minicomputer has a small main memory, it is required to attach a high speed bulk core memory(512kB) as a virtual memory by the software paging mechanism based on the LRU algorithm. Upon these address spaces, we can use maximum 64k LISP cells. As a processor has the ability to swap out any list expression into the secondary memory in the form of S-expression(Symbolic expression), the user can run a fairly large program that requires more cells than 64k cells for the running. Many other ideas are employed in this processor, such as the data type of the pointer is determined by the address computation (hence the conventional data type flags in the cell are eliminated completely), the shallow binding mechanism is employed as the variable binding, the compaction and linearization of the cells are taken place at the garbage collection, and the processor works under the disk operating system. As this processor has so many features, it is easy to use, and a large LISP program is run-nable efficiently.
著者
西成 活裕
出版者
一般社団法人日本物理学会
雑誌
日本物理學會誌 (ISSN:00290181)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.64, no.1, pp.12-19, 2009-01-05

渋滞するのは車だけではない.人も蟻も渋滞するし,インターネットでは通信の渋滞がある.そして我々の体内ではタンパク質の輸送の渋滞が重大な疾患を引き起こす.こうした様々な分野での渋滞を横断的に研究しようというのが渋滞学で,数理科学を基盤とした新しい社会科学ともいえる.そこでは人間や生物など,意思やルールで自律的に動く粒子の非平衡多体系を考え,その集団現象として渋滞を取り扱う.また理学的な研究だけでなく,工学的な応用から実用化までも視野に入れている.しかしこのような理工学融合研究を遂行していくためには様々な課題もある.
著者
黒川 利明
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理 (ISSN:04478053)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, no.2, pp.127-132, 1976-02-15

LISP has several types of data, and that each lisp system has its own data representations. In the first part of this paper, those data representation of LISP 1.6, MACLISP and INTERLISP are surveyed. Next, how the data are represented in the late TOSBAC-5600 LISP system is described. Some remaining problems are also presented. At last, the author presents some hints to represent the data of the future LISP system.
著者
松井 保憲 網谷 良一 久世 文幸 伊藤 春海
出版者
京都大学胸部疾患研究所
雑誌
京都大学胸部疾患研究所紀要
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, no.1/2, pp.12-33, 1992-03-31

It is widely accepted that the impairment of tracheobronchial clearance (TBC) are closely related to the development and the progression of chronic bronchial infections. We investigated TBC in patients with chronic bronchal infections (bronchiectasis; 11 cases, diffuse panbronchiolitis; 9 cases and primary ciliary dyskinesia; 3 cases) and also in 6 healthy subjects by a radioactive aerosol (^<99m>Tc-human serum albumin, 4.4 ± 1.4μm in diameter) inhalation scintigraphy with cough control in order to elucidate the relationships between impaired TBC and chronic bronchial infections. All subjects were not current smokers. After 4-minutes inhalation of radioactive aerosols (tidal volume : 500ml×20/min.), radioactivities in whole right lung were measured every 20 seconds for 2 hours serially and then measured at the time of 6 and 24 hours after inhalation. Immediately after the serial recording for 2 hours, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed to assess the deposition pattern of radioactive aerosols. During the first 2 hours, all the subjects were instructed to avoid coughing as much as possible to evaluate the mucociliary clearance without cough effect. And then the subjects were allowed to cough between 2 and 24 hours after inhalation. All radiation counts were corrected for background radiation and physical decay of ^<99m>Tc. Because it is considered that the deposited aerosols are eliminated much more slowly in alveoli (biological half life : several months) than in airways (biological half life : several hours), the radioactivity remaining at the time of 24 hours was defined as alveolar deposition (ALV). Initial bronchial deposition (Br0) was defined as initial whole lung deposition (L0) minus ALV. We evaluated the TBC with following parameters; 1) Br0/L0 (%) : ratio of initial bronchial deposition to initial lung (bronchial and alveolar) deposition 2) Br2/Br0 (%), Br6/Br0 (%) : bronchial retention ratio; the ratio of bronchial deposition at the time of 2 and 6 hours after inhalation to initial bronchial deposition, respectively. 3) TMV (mm/min.) : tracheal mucus velocity (rate of shift of radioactive bolus on tracheal mucosa), which was measured during the period of first 2 hours under prohibition of cough. The patients (23 cases) were divided into two groups with regards to cough control for the first two hours of the scintigraphy : cough-controlled group (19 cases) and cough-uncontrolled group (4 cases). The cough-controlled group was subdivided into two subgroups (group A and group B) according to Br0/L0 : group A<47.9% (mean+SD of Br0/L0 in healthy control) ≦ group B. More proximal aerosol deposition was demonstrated in group B and cough-uncontrolled group by SPECT. Br2/Br0 was significantly elevated in group A (p<0.05) and group B (p<0.05) despite more proximal aerosol deposition, and also seemed to be elevated in cough-uncon-trolled group, compared to healthy control. Br6/Br0 was, however, almost equal among all disease groups and healthy control, which suggested that cough played an important role in eliminating airway fluid in chronic bronchial infections and that the impaired mucociliary clearance might be partially compensated by the cough effect. TMV was significantly slower in disease groups (14 patients) than in healthy control. In the rest (9 patients) of the patients, any boli for the measurement of TMV were not detected on tracheal mucosa during the serial imaging for the first 2 hours, which also suggested the remarkable impairment of the mucociliary clearance. We concluded that mucociliary clearance was impaired in patients with chronic bronchial infections and cough played very important roles in compensation of the impaired mucociliary clearance. We also concluded that our integrated system was very useful for evaluating the mucociliary clearance and the cough effect separately.
著者
吉井 直子 高田 雅美 城 和貴
出版者
日本教育情報学会
雑誌
年会論文集
巻号頁・発行日
no.27, pp.258-259, 2011-08-20

幼児が効果的に形の学習を行うためには,適切な教材が必要である.そこで,本稿では,物体の輪郭を取り出すエッジ抽出が施されたエッジ画像を用いて実験を行い,幼児の奥行き知覚に関する特徴を考察する.実験結果から,5歳児男子は5歳児女子より奥行きをよく知覚していること,5歳児女子は個人差が大きく,平行に並ぶものより重なりがあるものをよく知覚できるということが検証できた.
著者
山本 孝司 久保田 治助
出版者
九州看護福祉大学
雑誌
九州看護福祉大学紀要 (ISSN:13447505)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, no.1, pp.79-90, 2012-03

「大人になる」というテーマは、今日の日本の若者問題を論じる際のキーワードともなっている感さえある。「大人になる」ということは、他方で「子どもではなくなる」という意味合いを含んでいる。つまり「大人になる」ということ自体が、ある種の子ども性の否定のうちに成り立っている。 近代以前、こうした「大人化」については、制度としてシステム化されていなくとも、子どもたちは共同体の一員として、無意識的に社会教育を受ける機会が多々用意されていたのである。近代以降、「大人化」のプログラムは学校教育が中心的な場となり、そうしたコミュニティのなかでの「大人化」の取り組みは姿を消してしまった。それどころか、今ではコミュニティそのものが解体され消滅してしまっている。 このような時代を背に、「大人化」の問題は、社会教育の分野を筆頭に「市民性」(citizenship)の問題として再浮上している。もっとも、言葉として「市民性」は頻繁に耳にするようになったものの、その内実についてはいまひとつ定かになっていない。 そこで本稿の目的とするところは、近代以降「市民性」がどのように論じられてきたかをレビューした上で、あらゆる位相でボーダレス化している今日にあって、「大人化」という視点からあらためて「市民性」を捉え直すことである。There are a variety of remark theories about "Grow up" in not only the field of education but also various fields. The theme "Grow up" becomes a key word when the young person problem of Japan of today is discussed. "Grow up" It is a meaning "It is not child and become it". The chance to receive Social Education unconsciously had been prepared for childrena lot as a member of the community before modern ages. The school training came in a center place as for the program of "Change to the adult" since it was modern. And the approach of "Change to the adult" in the community has disappeared. On the contrary, the community is dismantled now and it disappears.. The problem of "Change to the adult" has surfaced again as a problem of citizenship with the field of Social Education at the top against the backdrop of such an age. It is not clarified though "Citizenship" is frequently heard as a word of the contents. The purpose of this text is to try to catch "Citizenship" again from the aspect "Change to the adult" in today.