著者

Yasuhiro Ito Minoru Kihara Yuuki Takamura Kaoru Kobayashi Akihiro Miya Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa Akira Miyauchi

出版者

(社)日本内分泌学会

雑誌

Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.7, pp.539-545, 2012 (Released:2012-07-31)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

10 32

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Age is an important prognostic factor of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). In this study, we investigated the prognosis and prognostic factors of PTC in patients younger than 20 years. We enrolled 110 patients who underwent initial surgery at Kuma Hospital between 1987 and 2008. Tumor size > 4 cm, metastatic node ≥ 3 cm, and significant extrathyroid extension were more frequently detected in 8 patients with distant metastasis at diagnosis than in 102 patients without distant metastasis. Ten- and 20-year lymph node recurrence-free survival (LN-RFS) and distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS) rates were 84 and 80%, and 95 and 89%, respectively. Metastatic node ≥ 3 cm, age ≤ 16 years, tumor size > 4 cm, and male gender affected LN-RFS, and the former two had an independent prognostic value in multivariate analysis. Metastastic node ≥ 3 cm, significant extrathyroid extension, age ≤ 16 years, tumor size > 4 cm, and a male gender predicted a poor DRFS, and the former two were independent prognostic factors. To date, only 2 patients have died of PTC. These findings suggest that, in the subset of PTC patients younger than 20 years, metastatic node ≥ 3 cm, significant extension, and age ≤ 16 were important signs of aggressiveness of carcinoma, and careful treatment is necessary for patients with these characteristics, although the cause-specific survival was excellent.

著者

福田健志

出版者

国立国会図書館

雑誌

調査と情報 (ISSN:13492098)

巻号頁・発行日

no.966, 2017-06-08

著者

大絵 晃世

雑誌

桜美林論考. 人文研究 = The journal of J. F. Oberlin University. Studies in humanities (ISSN:21850690)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.1-21, (Released:2018-04-13)

著者

一言 英文 新谷 優 松見 淳子

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.3-24, 2008 (Released:2008-12-17)

参考文献数

107

被引用文献数

12 8

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We tested the cross-cultural applicability of Greenberg's (1980) “Indebtedness model” in Japan and United States. We hypothesized that while the major antecedent of indebtedness is the recipient's benefit for American students, those of Japanese students is the donor's cost perceived by the recipient. University students from U.S.A. (n=151, male=47, female=104) and Japan (n=88, male=25, female=63) reported their recent experience of being aided by their families, friends, and strangers. They also rated on 75 items of questions concerning the intensities of indebtedness and other emotions they felt on receipt of aid, impression of the donor, and the amount of benefit and perceived donor's cost. Supporting our hypothesis, recipient's benefit was the major antecedent of indebtedness for American students and perceived donor's cost was the major antecedent for Japanese students. We also found positive correlation between the intensities of positive and negative emotions evoked by receiving aid, and a small amount of negative impression of the donor from one's own family only in the Japanese sample.

著者

奥富 俊之

出版者

克誠堂出版

雑誌

麻酔 (ISSN:00214892)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.239-243, 2013-02

著者

辻善之助 編

出版者

太洋社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第一卷, 1937

著者

佐藤雄治 編訳

出版者

吉岡平助

巻号頁・発行日

1887

著者

高橋 和孝 TAKAHASHI Kazutaka

出版者

岩手大学人文社会科学部

雑誌

Artes Liberales = アルテスリベラレス (ISSN:03854183)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.101, pp.187-199, 2017-12-25

著者

小藤 久毅 山本 政儀

出版者

公益社団法人 日本アイソトープ協会

雑誌

RADIOISOTOPES (ISSN:00338303)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.4, pp.263-265, 1999-04-15 (Released:2011-03-10)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

4 2

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Uranium concentrations in some natural mineral waters sold in Japan (domestic 20 and foreign 9) were measured by ICP-MS. The U concentrations were found in a wide range, differing by a factor of 40000, about 0.4-1.6×104ng/l. The values over guidance level (2μg/1) were observed in two domestic samples and one foreign one. Occurrence of such a high U concentration indicates the need of further survey of U concentration of mineral water to consider uranium intake.

著者

岩田 彩 上坂 和美 粟津 妙華 石川 由羽 高田 雅美 城 和貴

雑誌

研究報告数理モデル化と問題解決(MPS) (ISSN:21888833)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2015-MPS-105, no.10, pp.1-6, 2015-09-22

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本稿では,近代書籍で用いられているフォントを用いた活字を自動で生成する手法を提案する.近代デジタルライブラリーで一般公開されている近代書籍のテキスト化に使用する多フォント活字認識手法の精度向上のため,学習データを十分に増やす必要がある.しかし,近代書籍に使用されているフォントは多種多様であるため,十分な学習データを収集することは困難である.そこで本稿では,学習用の近代書籍フォントセットを自動生成する変換フィルタを,遺伝的プログラミングを用いて生成する.

著者

小林 とよ子 渡辺 邦友 上野 一恵

出版者

社団法人 日本感染症学会

雑誌

感染症学雑誌 (ISSN:03875911)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.12, pp.1639-1644, 1992-12-20 (Released:2011-09-07)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

3

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沖縄本島および南西諸島 (粟国島, 宮古島, 伊良部島, 多良間島, 石垣島, 小浜島, 西表島, 波照間島) の144地区における砂糖キビ畑を中心に採取した土壌290検体および黒砂糖の製糖工場において精糖工程から抜き取り採取した53検体についてボッリヌス菌と破傷風菌の分離を行った.ボッリヌスE型菌は沖縄本島の土壌135検体のうち, 北部地区の我地および安波と南部地区の豊見城の3ヵ所から検出された.ボッリヌスC型毒素は沖縄本島および粟国島, 伊良部島, 小浜島, 波照間島から証明されたが, 菌は分離されなかった.ボッリヌスA型菌は沖縄本島および南西諸島のいずれの土壌からも検出されなかった.破傷風菌の分布は地域により片寄りがみられ, 沖縄本島では北部より南部の方が高率に検出された.南西諸島では粟国島, 宮古島, 伊良部島, 多良間島, 西表島および波照間島の土壌から検出され, とくに伊良部島と多良間島では高率に検出された.黒砂糖工場における調査では, 波照間島の検体からボッリヌスC型毒素が証明された.破傷風菌は多良間島, 石垣島および小浜島の検体から検出された.しかし, 最終製品の黒砂糖からはボッリヌス菌, 破傷風菌は検出されなかった.

著者

進藤 裕之 澤井 裕一郎 大内 啓樹 松本 裕治

出版者

人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会全国大会論文集 (ISSN:13479881)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, 2016

著者

滋賀県 編

出版者

滋賀県

巻号頁・発行日

vol.昭和6年, 1933

著者

松本 繁一

出版者

財団法人 日本国際政治学会

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1978, no.60, pp.111-131,L6, 1978-10-30 (Released:2010-09-01)

参考文献数

47

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In terms of Japan's foreign policy, economic assistance to the developing countries has been very important recently. This indicates that the stability and development of the world economy, and North-South problem are becoming the major issues to urgently be solved in the world politics.The purpose of this paper is to examine (1) the politico-economic implications of Japan's foreign aid in the post-war internal politics, (2) the relevance of Japan's economic aid to the increasing relations with neighboring country, (3) social changes in Southeast Asia and impacts of foreign assistance on the local community, and finally to suggest (4) a new direction of the relationship between Southeast Asia and Japan.Japan's Conservative Government in post-war era has made use of the economic power as a diplomatic weapon and has practiced a realistic “Cold-War Diplomacy” following the United States' global policy until Nixon's visit to China in early 1972.However, such a diplomatic style as taken by the Conservatives was compelled to change because of U. S. -China summit and the ceasefire of Vietnam war. In particular, non-socialist Southeast Asian nations are strengthening stance to the big powers. Japan's development assistance has variously influenced on the indigenous economy and community in Southeast Asia. Some effects of Japanese aid to Southeast Asia are recognized in terms of the national development, but the sphere of contribution has been extremely limited.Because foreign capital and technology tended to flow into the power elites rather than grass-roots. The Western aid has failed to lessen the disparity between the rural and urban areas, and to improve the unequal income distribution between the landlord and the peasant. Gaps between the upper-class and the lower-class are claimed to widen more than before.The author concludes that Japanese assistance in the future should prefer (1) grant to loan, (2) rural development to industrial development, and should try to raise (3) the standard of living of the poorest people and their welfare as well as small farmers'. It depends on both training of uar younger generation for overseas activities and administrative reform for external economic cooperation whether Japan's policy towards Southeast Asia could be successful or not.

著者

田渕 優沙 則定 百合子

出版者

和歌山大学

雑誌

和歌山大学教育学部紀要. 人文科学 (ISSN:1342582X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, pp.205-213, 2013-02

著者

青山 英夫

出版者

上智大学史学会

雑誌

上智史学 (ISSN:03869075)

巻号頁・発行日

no.25, pp.p115-123, 1980-11

著者

楊枝 嗣朗

出版者

佐賀大学

雑誌

佐賀大学経済論集 (ISSN:02867230)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.6, pp.1-31, 2008-03

著者

竹内 瑞穂

出版者

国際基督教大学

雑誌

Gender and sexuality : journal of Center for Gender Studies, ICU (ISSN:18804764)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.77-94, 2008-03-31

著者

吉田 正高

出版者

東北芸術工科大学

雑誌

東北芸術工科大学紀要 = Bulletin of Tohoku University of Art & Design

巻号頁・発行日

no.20, pp.102-113, 2013-03

著者

Steponaviciute Agne

出版者

新潟大学大学院現代社会文化研究科

雑誌

現代社会文化研究 (ISSN:13458485)

巻号頁・発行日

no.52, pp.1-18, 2011-12

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The object of this paper is the Japanese original rock style visual-kei and the elaboration of traditional culture-grounded motifs occurring in it while also taking into consideration the processes of the localization of gothic. The analysis has been carried out focusing on the two main images, namely, ogres (oni) and the Japanese cherry (Sakura). The purpose of it has been to disclose the simularities of the expression of these images to the ones of vampires and roses. The analysis has been performed through three steps. First, the background of significance of sakura and oni has been explored. Second, the main tendencies of the expression of these images in visual-kei have been indicated. Third, two examples of visual-kei bands, Kagrra, and Merry Go Round, have been chosen for an extensive examination.