著者

Yutaka MAKIZAKI Ayako MAEDA Miyuki YAMAMOTO Saya TAMURA Yoshiki TANAKA Shunji NAKAJIMA Hiroshi OHNO

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.145-151, 2020 (Released:2020-07-28)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

3 7

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Recent studies of metformin, the first-line drug for type 2 diabetes, have reported the involvement of gut microbiota in the mechanism underlying its antihyperglycemic effect. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of diarrhea and bloating, which are adverse effects of metformin, are unclear, and these effects decrease the quality of life of metformin-receiving patients with diabetes. In this study, we focused on the effects of metformin on gut microbiota. Namely, we examined the effects of Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 (BBG9-1), which has the ability to improve dysbiosis, on the changes in gut microbiota and occurrence of soft feces (increased fecal water content) during the administration of metformin. The results showed that coadministration of BBG9-1 and metformin suppressed metformin-mediated changes in the gut microbiota and, thus, soft feces. Meanwhile, BBG9-1 did not influence the antihyperglycemic effect of metformin. Based on these results, we believe that BBG9-1, which could improve gut microbiota, suppresses metformin-induced soft feces without influencing the drug’s antihyperglycemic effect.

著者

Takayuki ISHIKAWA Kazuhito TAKEUCHI Yuichi NAGATA Keishi ITO Taiki YAMAMOTO Ryusuke KABEYA

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

NMC Case Report Journal (ISSN:21884226)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.77-82, 2022-12-31 (Released:2022-04-21)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

5

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Here we report a rare case of capillary hemangioma (CH) in a 28-year-old woman suffering from gradual worsening diplopia at 28 weeks of pregnancy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a mass lesion (about 3 cm in diameter) in the right parasellar region. We decided to observe as she was pregnant, and had no symptoms other than right abducent nerve palsy. Fortunately, her symptoms did not worsen until delivery. Computed tomography, enhanced MRI, and angiography after delivery revealed that the lesion was highly calcified and vascularized. A dorsum sellae meningioma or highly calcified pituitary adenoma was suspected and the endoscopic transsphenoidal approach was used for tumor removal.The postoperative course was uneventful. The histological diagnosis was CH.Intracranial CHs or CHs of skull are rare vascular tumors. These tumors are reportedly more common in female patients and may change in size in adults according to menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Only six cases, including that of the present study, were diagnosed during the perinatal period. Some of them experienced rapid symptom progression and tumor growth in their course; thus, we should pay further attention to pregnant or peripartum patients with brain tumor, suspected hemangiomas.

著者

Fumitaka HAYASE Takeshi SHIBUYA Junichi SATO Masatomo YAMAMOTO

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.11, pp.1820-1825, 1996-11-23 (Released:2008-02-08)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

50

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The generation of fluorescence and 3-deoxyglucosone (3DG), browning, polymerization, and impairment of the amino acid residues of lysozyme incubated with glucose were investigated at 37°C and 50°C at pH 7.4 in a phosphate or TAPSO buffer under aerobic and non-aerobic conditions with or without DETAPAC as a chelating reagent. Browning, the generation of fluorescence, and polymerization were accelerated under the non-aerobic, compared to aerobic, conditions. Moreover, the formation of 3DG was also significantly increased under non-aerobic conditions. The incubation of both reaction systems resulted in noticeable losses of arginine and lysine residues. DETAPAC significantly inhibited the advanced Maillard reaction under both aerobic and non-aerobic conditions. However, DETAPAC had no effect on the impairment of lysine and arginine residues. The generation of fluorescence, browning and polymerization of lysozyme in the TAPSO buffer were markedly inhibited under both aerobic and non-aerobic conditions. These observations suggest that transition metals in the phosphate buffer may have accelerated the formation of Amadori compounds via Schiff's base. In addition, under non-aerobic conditions, the formation of advanced glycation end products from 3DG via Amadori compounds is presumed to be the major pathway, because the formation of Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine, glyoxal, and glucosone was accelerated by an oxidative reaction catalyzed with transition metal ions. These presumptions are supported by the results from a lysozyme-3DG reaction system.

著者

Yoshinori FURUKAWA Ken NAGASHIMA Etsuro YOKOYAMA Shunichi NAKATSUBO Salvador ZEPEDA Izumi YOSHIZAKI Haruka TAMARU Taro SHIMAOKA Takehiko SONE Takao MAKI Asuka YAMAMOTO Toshiyuki TOMOBE Ken-ichiro MURATA Gen SAZAKI

出版者

The Japan Society of Microgravity Application

雑誌

International Journal of Microgravity Science and Application (ISSN:21889783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.380101, 2021 (Released:2021-01-31)

参考文献数

53

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Microgravity experiments on ice crystal growth in supercooled water without any effect of convection flow were carried out twice in Kibo of the International Space Station as projects called “Ice Crystal 1” and “Ice Crystal 2”. Many video movies recording the growth process of a single ice crystal were analyzed to clarify the pattern formation processes of single ice crystals and the impurity effect on ice crystal growth kinetics. In the Ice Crystal 1 project, ice crystals were grown in supercooled pure D2O and the pattern formation mechanism for the ice crystal was clarified on the basis of crystal plane-dependent growth kinetics between the basal face and the other crystallographic faces. In the Ice Crystal 2 project, ice crystals were grown in supercooled H2O containing a small amount of an antifreeze glycoprotein as an impurity. Growth enhancement and oscillation for the basal faces were observed for the first time, and their mechanisms were clarified on the basis of the crystal plane-dependent impurity effect of an antifreeze glycoprotein. The origin of the antifreeze function of antifreeze glycoproteins was ultimately explained in connection with the basic criterion for the pattern formation of a polyhedral crystal.

著者

Munekazu Kishimoto Tetsunan Yamamoto Yuta Kobayashi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.UTD-314, (Released:2022-01-28)

被引用文献数

5

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In grapes, the ripening time of bunches on lateral or secondary induced shoots, led by simultaneous treatments of current shoot cutting and flower cluster removal, is typically delayed until the cooler seasons. The aim of this study was to estimate the effects of lateral or secondary induced shoot use in the cultivation of ‘Merlot’ grapevine phenology, including number of bunches and weight, yield, and fruit quality. The timings of flowering, coloration and harvest of lateral and secondary induced shoot grapes were delayed by around one month compared with those of vines grown under standard cultivation, which were used as a control. However, there were substantial differences between treatments in terms of number of bunches and weight, yield, and fruit quality. When lateral shoots grew after the current shoot was cut and the flower clusters were removed, the number of bunches decreased, and yield was significantly reduced. In contrast, when the secondary induced shoot germinated after the current shoot, flower clusters, and growing lateral shoots were removed, a stable number of bunches was observed and there was not a severe decrease in yield. Skin anthocyanin content in both the lateral shoot and secondary induced shoot grape berries was increased compared with control. This effect was comparatively stronger in secondary induced shoot grapes subjected to comparatively lower air temperatures during ripening. The results of this study underscore the importance of discriminating between lateral and secondary induced shoots in the process of shifting grape ripening to a cooler season by removing current shoots and flower clusters.

著者

山本 英輔 Yamamoto Eisuke

出版者

金沢大学哲学・人間学研究会

雑誌

哲学・人間学論叢 = Kanazawa Journal of Philosophy and Philosophical Anthropology (ISSN:18848990)

巻号頁・発行日

no.12, pp.21-33, 2021-03-31

著者

Yuji Naito Tomohisa Takagi Tetsuro Yamamoto Shaw Watanabe

出版者

SOCIETY FOR FREE RADICAL RESEARCH JAPAN

雑誌

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, pp.122-125, 2020 (Released:2020-09-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

15 22

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The purpose of this study was to propose a hypothesis that there is a potential association between the incidence of selective IgA deficiency in various countries and COVID-19 cases. The number of deaths due to COVID-19 increased in clear proportion to the number of infected patients, and the difference in the number of deaths by country was due to the difference in the number of infected patients. The frequency of selective IgA deficiency has a strong positive correlation with the prevalence of COVID-19 per population. The low infection rate contributed to the low death rate from COVID-19 in Japan, suggesting that the extremely low frequency of selective IgA deficiency may be a contributing factor.

著者

Yuki Kato Miho Shimizu Shinsuke Hori Kenta Ushida Yoshinori Yamamoto Ken Muramatsu Ryo Momosaki

出版者

THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL MEDICINE

雑誌

Journal of Rural Medicine (ISSN:1880487X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.73-78, 2022 (Released:2022-04-06)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

2

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Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the number of board-certified physiatrists and the amount of inpatient rehabilitation delivered.Materials and Methods: We analyzed open data from 2017 in the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan and compared the volume of inpatient rehabilitation services between prefectures to examine regional disparities. We also examined the relationship between the volume of rehabilitation services provided and the number of board-certified physiatrists.Results: The population-adjusted number of inpatient rehabilitation units per prefecture ranged from a maximum of 659,951 to a minimum of 172,097, a disparity of 3.8-fold. The population-adjusted number of board-certified physiatrists was 4.8 in the highest region and 0.8 in the lowest region, a disparity of 5.8-fold. The population-adjusted number of board-certified physiatrists was significantly correlated with the population-adjusted total number of inpatient rehabilitation units (r=0.600, P<0.001). Correlations were between the number of board-certified physiatrists and the number of rehabilitation units in cerebrovascular and orthopedic services, but not in cardiovascular, respiratory, or oncology services.Conclusion: Large regional disparities manifested in the amount of inpatient rehabilitation provided in Japan. An association was found between the number of board-certified physiatrists and rehabilitation units delivered. It may be necessary to train more BCPs in regions with fewer units to eliminate these disparities.

著者

Deepchandi Lekamge Tomoki Sasahara Shin-ichi Yamamoto Masashi Hatamoto Takashi Yamaguchi Shinya Maki

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.401-408, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

2

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a major global food crop. Contemporary potato production largely utilizes micropropagation to produce healthy seed potatoes. The micropropagation of potatoes is widely achieved through nodal explants using the conventional Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Currently, effective culture media that can facilitate rapid propagation are increasingly required for new cultivars that have been developed to possess improved traits. In this study, we evaluated the effect of enhanced meso nutrients (CaCl2.2H2O, MgSO4, and KH2PO4) in MS medium on the growth of S. tuberosum. The cultivars used in this study were representative of Japanese, European, and Peruvian lines. Enhanced meso nutrients improved the overall quality of all cultivars, as indicated by longer shoots and larger leaves with dark color, compared with MS medium only. Shoots grown on enhanced mesos were approximately 1.5 times longer than on MS medium. Quantitative ion analysis revealed that plantlets with improved shoot length and leaf quality in most cultivars had increased calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus uptake than plantlets on MS medium. The results suggest that the reduced iron uptake on 3.0×MS, compared with 2.0× or 2.5×MS mesos, reduced plant growth. This study revealed for the first time that mesos concentrations higher than MS medium concentrations, complemented by enhanced calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and iron uptake, play a significant role in improving the in vitro growth of potato.

著者

Tetsuaki Ban Shin-ichiro Fujiwara Rui Murahashi Hirotomo Nakajima Takashi Ikeda Sae Matsuoka Yumiko Toda Shin-ichiro Kawaguchi Shoko Ito Takashi Nagayama Kento Umino Daisuke Minakata Hirofumi Nakano Kaoru Morita Masahiro Ashizawa Chihiro Yamamoto Kaoru Hatano Kazuya Sato Ken Ohmine Yoshinobu Kanda

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.7, pp.989-995, 2022-04-01 (Released:2022-04-01)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

3

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Objective Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are widely used in patients with hematologic malignancies. However, the risks of PICC-related complications during chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are not fully understood. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of 128 adult patients with AML who received induction therapy by way of PICC insertion between 2012 and 2019. Results The median duration of PICC insertion was 30 days. The incidence rate of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) was 2.4% at 30 days, and women were more likely to suffer from CRBSI than men. Local reactions at the insertion site were observed in 56 patients; however, these events did not predict CRBSI. The incidence rates of catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) were 1.6% at 30 days. Obesity put patients at an increased risk for CRT. Unexpected PICC removal occurred in 59 patients, and women were at a higher risk of catheter removal than men. Conclusion Low PICC-related complication rates, possibly associated with high rates of catheter removal, were observed during intensive chemotherapy for AML. Women and obese patients require careful monitoring of their PICC. Procedures to achieve appropriate PICC removal without increasing the complication rate need to be considered.

著者

Taro Noguchi Koh Shinohara Yasuhiro Tsuchido Satomi Yukawa Masaki Yamamoto Yasufumi Matsumura Michiko Hayashi Yutaka Yamada Akihiko Hayashi Tsunehiro Shimizu Miki Nagao

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.2, pp.205-208, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-24)

参考文献数

12

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Transitioning from intravenous to oral antibiotic therapy for Escherichia coli bacteremia could reduce the length of hospital stay and drug costs without compromising efficacy. Despite the expansion of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli, limited data are available regarding the effectiveness of switching to oral antibiotic therapy in patients with bacteremia caused by this organism. To compare clinical outcomes between oral transition therapy and intravenous therapy in patients with bacteremia due to ESBL-producing E. coli with a urinary source, we conducted a retrospective cohort study at 3 Japanese hospitals. The effects were estimated by Cox hazard analysis using propensity scores. Among 996 patients with bacteremia due to E. coli, 73 were included in the study. In the adjusted analysis weighted by propensity scores including 26 patients in the oral switch group and 47 in the intravenous group, oral transition did not increase the risk of treatment failure within 60 days (adjusted hazard ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.18–4.10), whereas the length of hospital stay was shorter in the oral switch group than in the intravenous group (median, 12 days vs. 19 days, P = 0.04). Intravenous-to-oral transition may be an effective treatment option that shortens the hospital stay.

著者

山本 健太郎 Kentaro Yamamoto

雑誌

法と政治 (ISSN:02880709)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.3, pp.267 (972)-294 (945), 2013-11-30

著者

朝比奈 茂 Asahina Shigeru 伊藤 マモル Ito Mamoru 山本 利春 Yamamoto Toshiharu 中澤 史 Nakazawa Tadashi 泉 重樹 Izumi Shigeki 笠井 淳 Kasai Atsushi マクラーレン ジェイソン Mclaren Jason

出版者

法政大学体育・スポーツ研究センター

雑誌

法政大学体育・スポーツ研究センター紀要 (ISSN:21862842)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, pp.55-62, 2012-03-31

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In spite of an increasing use of elastic stockings in the field of sports, the paucity of reports on physiological and morphological responses to wearing elastic stockings prompted us to investigate it. The purpose of the present investigation was to clarify the physiological effects of wearing elastic stockings for sports on cardiorespiratory responses, peripheral circulation, leg circumference etc. during exercise. Data were collected through a questionnaire, which was then compared against previously reported results. The results of the questionnaire revealed that many of the subjects were amateur runners, who exercised as a hobby or for recreational purposes. In addition, many of the subjects have some experience using compression stockings, holding the view that it aids the recovery of fatigue, promotes blood circulation, and improves their competitive power. On the other hand, although elastic stockings increased suppression around the lower leg, physiological effects demonstrated no significant differences in cardiorespiratory responses or peripheral circulation. It is concluded that wearing elastic stockings for sports does not a large effect on respiratory responses to intense exercise in healthy young people. Questions still remain about the physiological role of elastic stockings, but at this stage, there is no alternative but to wait for future research.

著者

Tsuyoshi YAMAMOTO Eiichi YATSUKA Takaki HATAE Kazuya OTA Yasunori HASHIMOTO Kitaru NAKAMURA Tatsuo SUGIE Masaki TAKEUCHI Sin-iti KITAZAWA Hiroaki OGAWA Yasunori KAWANO Kiyoshi ITAMI

出版者

The Japan Society of Plasma Science and Nuclear Fusion Research

雑誌

Plasma and Fusion Research (ISSN:18806821)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.2405114, 2016-10-05 (Released:2017-03-01)

参考文献数

15

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There is a need to develop ITER instrumentation and control (I&C) systems with high reliabilities. Interlock systems that activate machine protection functions are implemented on robust wired-logic systems such as programmable logic controllers (PLCs). We herein propose a software tool that generates program code templates for the control systems using PLC logic. This tool decreases careless mistakes by developers and increases reliability of the program codes. A large-scale engineering database has been implemented in the ITER project. To derive useful information from this database, we propose adding semantic data to it using the Resource Description Framework format. In our novel proposal for the ITER diagnostic control system, a guide words generator that analyzes the engineering data by inference is applied to the hazard and operability study. We validated the methods proposed in this paper by applying them to the preliminary design for the I&C system of the ITER edge Thomson scattering system.

著者

山本 哲哉 ヤマモト テツヤ Yamamoto Tetsuya

出版者

大阪大学大学院文学研究科哲学講座

雑誌

メタフュシカ : the journal of philosophy and ethics (ISSN:13426508)

巻号頁・発行日

no.47, pp.99-105, 2016-12

著者

Kashiwabara Shizuo Hamada Nobuo Yamamoto Masahiro

出版者

Japan Meteorological Agency

雑誌

気象研究所研究報告 (ISSN:0031126X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.3, pp.153-165, 1979

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地球の自由振動については,1960年のチリ地震以来,数多くの観測および解析結果が報告されている。しかし観測の歴史はまだ浅く今後さらに観測資料の蓄積が大切であろう。<BR>現在気象庁で用いている測器で地球の自由振動のような長周期地震波の解析に利用できるものとしては,松代の石英管式ひずみ計・WWSS地震計・ASRO地震計および地震課で東海・南関東地域に展開中の埋込式ひずみ計がある。これらの器械は観測期間がまだ短かいこともあって,今日までに,自由振動の観測および解析はあまり行なわれていない。このため今回,松代の石英管式ひずみ計および伊良湖・三ケ日の埋込式ひずみ計の資料を用いて1977年8月にインドネシア・スンバワ島付近に発生した地震の解析を行なった。主な結果は次のとおりである。<BR>(1)石英管式ひずみ計から<SUB>0</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB>について29個,<SUB>1</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB>について10個,<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB>について8個,<SUB>l</SUB>T<SUB>n</SUB>について23個のモード,また埋込式ひずみ計から<SUB>0</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB>について29個のモードの地球の自由振動周期が得られた。これらの値と今日までに求められている観測値の平均値〔Anderson・Hart(1976)による〕との差はほとんどのモードで約0.5%以内である。<BR>(2)観測から得られた地球の自由振動周期を用いて表面波の位相速度を求めた。求めたレイリ波の位相速度は,Anderson・Hartの値から求めた速度よりやや大きくなる傾向が見られた。この相違は解析した地震の波の伝播径路中に位相速度の大きい海洋的地域および盾状地的地域(Canadian・Brazilian shields)の占める比率が大きいために生じたものであろう。<BR>(3)自由振動の解に含まれる関数d<SUP>2</SUP>P<SUB>n</SUB><SUP>m</SUP>(cosθ)/dθ<SUP>2</SUP>から求めた位数の零点列と地震記録の周期解析から求めたスペクトルピークの極小を与える位数の列を比較して自由振動のデグリーを決めた。松代の石英管式ひずみ計による伸び縮み振動に対応するスペクトルを用いた場合,デグリーは0または2となる。

著者

山本 幸男 Yukio Yamamoto

出版者

中京大学教養部

雑誌

中京大学教養論叢 (ISSN:02867982)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.p143-164, 1991

著者

山本 政人 藤井 勉 伊藤 忠弘 Masato Yamamoto Tsutomu Fujii Tadahiro Ito

出版者

学習院大学計算機センター

雑誌

学習院大学計算機センター年報 = Annual report of the Gakushuin University Computer Centre (ISSN:09134514)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.37-46, 2014-07

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研究報告

著者

Yasushi Yoshikawa Yukikatsu Okada Yutaka Okita Hitoshi Yaku Junjiro Kobayashi Hideyuki Uesugi Shuichiro Takanashi Toshiaki Ito Tatsuya Nakao Tadaaki Koyama Taichi Sakaguchi Kouji Yamamoto Yoshiki Sawa

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.3, pp.449-457, 2022-02-25 (Released:2022-02-25)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

5

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Background:This study retrospectively evaluated the long-term patient outcomes and durability of the Mosaic mitral porcine bioprosthesis in the Japan Mosaic valve long-term multicenter study.Methods and Results:The medical records of 390 patients who underwent mitral valve replacement with the Mosaic bioprosthesis at 10 centers in Japan (1999–2014) were reviewed. Patient data were collected using the Research Electronic Data Capture software. Patient survival was determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. Freedom from structural valve deterioration (SVD) and valve-related reoperation and death were determined using actuarial methods. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of the cohort was 73 (69–77) years. The median (IQR) follow-up period was 4.83 (1.84–8.26) years. The longest follow-up period was 15.8 years. The 30-day mortality rate was 5.4%. The 12-year actuarial survival rate was 54.1±4.5%, and the freedom from valve-related death was 85.3±3.4%. The freedom from reoperation at 12 years was 74.3±5.7%. The freedom from SVD at 12 years was 81.4±6.6% for patients aged ≥65 years and 71.6±11.1% for those aged <65 years. The median (IQR) mean pressure gradient was 4.1 (3.0–6.0) and 5.6 (4.0–6.7) mmHg at 1 and 10 years, respectively. The median (IQR) effective orifice area was 1.7 (1.4–2.0) and 1.4 (1.2–1.6) cm2at 1 and 10 years, respectively.Conclusions:The Mosaic porcine bioprosthesis offered satisfactory long-term outcomes for up to 12 years.

著者

YAMAMOTO Nanami

出版者

大東文化大学大学院英文学研究会

雑誌

Paulownia Review (ISSN:18807496)

巻号頁・発行日

no.26, pp.43-49, 2020

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Ruthはヴィクトリア朝の女性の抑圧があらゆる方面でよく表れている作品である。主人公のルースは「受け身」なキャラクターである。彼女がどうして受け身とみられるのか。また、受け身であることが求められた当時の女性たちの内面の"情熱"をルースだけではなくサブキャラクターを通して多様な女性像を分析する。