著者

Miyuki Hasegawa Shamima Akter Huanhuan Hu Ikuko Kashino Keisuke Kuwahara Hiroko Okazaki Naoko Sasaki Takayuki Ogasawara Masafumi Eguchi Takeshi Kochi Toshiaki Miyamoto Tohru Nakagawa Toru Honda Shuichiro Yamamoto Taizo Murakami Makiko Shimizu Akihiko Uehara Makoto Yamamoto Teppei Imai Akiko Nishihara Kentaro Tomita Satsue Nagahama Ai Hori Maki Konishi Isamu Kabe Tetsuya Mizoue Naoki Kunugita Seitaro Dohi the Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health Study Group

出版者

Japan Society for Occupational Health

雑誌

Journal of Occupational Health (ISSN:13419145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.1, pp.e12095, 2020-01-20 (Released:2020-02-28)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

17

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Objective: The present study aimed to estimate cumulative incidence of overweight and obesity and describe 5-year longitudinal changes in body mass index (BMI) in a large occupational cohort in Japan.Methods: Participants were 55 229 Japanese employees, who were aged 20-59 years and attended at all subsequent annual health check-ups between 2009 and 2014. Mixed model analysis was performed to examine the effects of age and cohort by gender on BMI change, with age as a random variable. Cumulative incidence of overweight (23.0≤ BMI <27.5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥27.5 kg/m2) was calculated. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios for the incidence of overweight and obesity according to age group.Results: The incidence of overweight and obesity was approximately double in men (28.3% and 6.7%, respectively) compared to women (14.3% and 3.9%, respectively). The incidence of obesity decreased with age in men, but did not differ according to age in women (P for trend: .02 and .89, respectively). Among overweight participants, the incidence of obesity was higher in women (18.9%) than men (14.5%) and decreased with advancing age (P for trend: <.001 in men and .003 in women). Mean BMI was higher in men than women in all age groups throughout the period. Younger cohorts tended to have a higher BMI change compared with older cohorts.Conclusions: In this Japanese occupational cohort, transition from overweight to obesity is higher in women than men, and the more recent cohorts had a higher change in mean BMI than the older cohorts.

著者

Kentaro Kasa Hiroshi Hirukawa Shintaro Fukuda Fuyuki Asami Masatake Katsu Kazuo Yamamoto Shinpei Yoshi

出版者

The Editorial Committee of Annals of Vascular Diseases

雑誌

Annals of Vascular Diseases (ISSN:1881641X)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.cr.22-00031, (Released:2022-10-03)

参考文献数

9

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Secondary aortoenteric fistula (sAEF) is a rare but serious complication after open aortic aneurysm repair (OAR). Although there is no consensus on the treatment strategy for sAEF, acute management of bleeding and infection control greatly affect the outcome. We report five cases of sAEF following OAR from 2016 to 2021. One patient died of sepsis following graft infection, whereas the others had relatively good outcomes. No recurrence of infection or fistula has been observed over an average follow-up period of 29.8 months. Timely management of bleeding and infection with surgical intervention resulted in favorable outcomes in our patients.

著者

Yoichi Takaya Teiji Akagi Hidehiko Hara Hideaki Kanazawa Yuji Ikari Akihiro Isotani Shinichi Shirai Shunsuke Kubo Takao Morikawa Toru Naganuma Mike Saji Shingo Kuwata Go Hiasa Yusuke Watanabe Masahiro Yamawaki Masao Imai Takashi Matsumoto Masanori Yamamoto Tsutomu Murakami Masahiko Asami Isamu Mizote Tsukasa Okai Hiroki Bota Hiroshi Ito

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-22-0048, (Released:2022-04-05)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

4

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Background: Transcatheter mitral valve repair with the MitraClip system has been established in selected high-risk patients. The MitraClip procedure results in a relatively large iatrogenic atrial septal defect (iASD). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical course of iASD requiring transcatheter closure following the MitraClip procedure.Methods and Results: This study was conducted at all 59 institutions that perform transcatheter mitral valve repair with the MitraClip system in Japan. The data of patients on whom transcatheter iASD closure was performed were collected. Of the 2,722 patients who underwent the MitraClip procedure, 30 (1%) required transcatheter iASD closure. The maximum iASD size was 9±4 mm (range, 3–18 mm). The common clinical course of transcatheter iASD closure was hypoxemia with right-to-left shunt or right-sided heart failure with left-to-right shunt. Of the 30 patients, 22 (73%) required transcatheter closure within 24 h following the MitraClip procedure, including 12 with hypoxemia and 5 with right-sided heart failure complicated with cardiogenic shock. Of the 5 patients, 2 required mechanical circulatory support devices. Twenty-one patients immediately underwent transcatheter iASD closure, and hemodynamic deteriorations were resolved; however, 1 patient died without having undergone transcatheter closure.Conclusions: Transcatheter iASD closure was required in 1% of patients who underwent the MitraClip procedure. Many of these patients immediately underwent transcatheter iASD closure because of hypoxemia with right-to-left shunt or right-sided heart failure with left-to-right shunt.

著者

Tomoya Fujie Ayumi Muraoka Keisuke Ito Yusuke Ozaki Chika Yamamoto Toshiyuki Kaji

出版者

The Japanese Society of Toxicology

雑誌

The Journal of Toxicological Sciences (ISSN:03881350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.11, pp.493-501, 2022 (Released:2022-11-01)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

4

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Lead (Pb) is an environmental pollutant that adversely affects various organs in the human body and is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, caused by the dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells that cover the luminal surface of the blood vessels. The Zrt- and Irt-like related protein (ZIP) transporter ZIP8 is one of the primary importers of zinc, iron, manganese, and cadmium, and its expression appears to be important for the metabolism of these metals. In the present study, we investigated the influence of ZIP8 on Pb-induced cytotoxicity in vascular endothelial cells, induction of ZIP8 expression by Pb, and its mechanism of action in vascular endothelial cells. The study revealed the following: (1) Pb cytotoxicity in vascular endothelial cells was potentiated by the knockdown of ZIP8, but the intracellular accumulation of Pb in the cells remain unaffected; (2) Pb induced the expression of ZIP8; (3) the induction of ZIP8 expression by Pb was mediated by nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway; and (4) Pb activated p38, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), but the activation of these MAPKs was not involved in the induction of ZIP8 by Pb. Therefore, the study shows that Pb induces the expression of endothelial ZIP8 and this induction appears to be involved in the protection against Pb cytotoxicity by intracellular Pb accumulation independent mechanisms.

著者

Kensaku Nishihira Nehiro Kuriyama Kosuke Kadooka Yasuhiro Honda Keisuke Yamamoto Shun Nishino Suguru Ebihara Kenji Ogata Toshiyuki Kimura Hiroshi Koiwaya Yoshisato Shibata

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Reports (ISSN:24340790)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.10, pp.474-481, 2022-10-07 (Released:2022-10-07)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1

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Background: As life expectancy rises, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is being performed more frequently, even in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study evaluated outcomes of elderly patients with AMI complicated by heart failure (AMIHF), as defined by Killip Class ≥2 at admission, who undergo PCI.Methods and Results: We retrospectively analyzed 185 patients with AMIHF aged ≥80 years (median age 85 years) who underwent PCI between 2009 and 2019. The median follow-up period was 572 days. The rates of in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium Type 3 or 5) and in-hospital all-cause mortality were 20.5% and 25.9%, respectively. The proportion of frail patients increased during hospitalization, from 40.6% at admission to 59.2% at discharge (P<0.01). The cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality was 36.3% at 1 year and 44.1% at 2 years. After adjusting for confounders, advanced age, Killip Class 4, final Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction flow grade <3, and longer door-to-balloon time were associated with higher mortality, whereas higher left ventricular ejection fraction and cardiac rehabilitation were associated with lower mortality (all P<0.05). Progression of frailty during hospitalization was an independent risk factor for long-term mortality in hospital survivors (P<0.01).Conclusions: The management of patients with AMIHF aged ≥80 years who undergo PCI remains challenging, with high rates of in-hospital major bleeding, frailty progression, and mortality.

著者

山本 紀夫 Norio Yamamoto

出版者

味の素食の文化センター

雑誌

食文化誌ヴェスタ = Vesta (ISSN:09180214)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, pp.18-23, 2005-02-01

著者

Takahiro Yonezawa Masahide Nishibori Yoshio Yamamoto Takeshi Sasaki Kohei Kudo Hiroshi Ogawa Hideki Endo Fumihito Akishinonomiya

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.4, pp.316-322, 2022 (Released:2022-10-25)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

2

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Japanese native chickens (JNCs) comprise approximately 50 breeds, making Japan a diversity hotspot for native chicken breeds. JNCs were established through the repeated introduction of chickens from foreign countries. Jidori, which is the generic name of JNC breeds whose ancestral morphology resembles that of their wild progenitor (red junglefowls), is generally thought to have propagated from north East Asia (Korea and north China) to ancient Japan. However, mitochondrial haplogroup D, which is abundant in Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) as well as the Pacific but relatively rare in other regions, can be observed in some Jidori breeds (e.g., Tosa-Jidori, Tokuji-Jidori) with high frequency, leading to speculation that chickens from ISEA or the Pacific also contributed genetically to JNCs. To test this hypothesis, we sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of Jidori breeds and conducted phylogeographic analysis. Our results indicate that the JNC Haplogroup D belongs to Sub-haplogroup D2, which is currently only observed in Xinjiang, northwest China, and not to Sub-haplogroup D1, which is widely distributed in the ISEA-Pacific region. The other mitochondrial haplogroups of Jidori examined in this study also showed affinity to those of chickens native to north East Asia. Therefore, our findings support the north East Asian origin hypothesis for Jidori.

著者

Satoshi Yamamoto Kazuo Inui Yoshiaki Katano Hironao Miyoshi Takashi Kobayashi Yoshihiko Tachi

出版者

Fujita Medical Society

雑誌

Fujita Medical Journal (ISSN:21897247)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-011, (Released:2022-10-28)

参考文献数

22

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Objectives: We aimed to determine when a coexisting pseudocyst was likely to complicate the nonsurgical treatment of pancreatolithiasis.Methods: We treated 165 patients with pancreatolithiasis nonsurgically between 1992 and 2020, including 21 with pseudocysts. Twelve patients had a single pseudocyst less than 60 mm in diameter. Pseudocysts in the other nine patients had diameters of at least 60 mm or were multiple. The locations of pseudocysts along the length of the pancreas varied from the area with stone involvement to the pancreatic tail. We compared the outcomes in these groups.Results: We found no significant differences in pain relief, stone clearance, stone recurrence, or the likelihood of adverse events between pseudocyst groups or between patients with vs without pseudocysts. However, 4 of 9 patients with large or multiple pseudocysts required transition to surgical treatment (44%) compared with 13 of 144 patients with pancreatolithiasis and no pseudocyst (9.0%) (P=0.006).Conclusions: Patients with smaller pseudocysts typically underwent nonsurgical stone clearance successfully with few adverse events, similar to findings in patients with pancreatolithiasis and no pseudocysts. Pancreatolithiasis complicated by large or multiple pseudocysts did not cause more adverse events but was more likely to require transition to surgery compared with pancreatolithiasis without pseudocysts. In patients with large or multiple pseudocysts, early transition to surgery should be considered when nonsurgical treatment is ineffective.

著者

Kuniharu Imai Kento Takeda Keisuke Fujii Chiyo Kawaura Takuya Nishimoto Masaki Mori Yuki Yamamoto Takashi Izumi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Neuroendovascular Therapy

雑誌

Journal of Neuroendovascular Therapy (ISSN:18824072)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.oa.2022-0041, (Released:2022-10-28)

参考文献数

13

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Objective: Neuroendovascular treatments are less invasive than surgical clipping. However, the number of fluoroscopy runs may be greater when a contrast medium is used than when routine angiography is performed. Several recent studies have suggested that an iodinated contrast medium causes an increase in the radiation dose. Therefore, it is clinically important to identify physical factors causing amplification of the radiation dose. The purpose of this study was to investigate how dilution of a contrast medium with water influences the amplification effect of the radiation dose using simulation analysis.Methods: Three different types of commercially available contrast media, namely, iopamidol, iohexol, and iodixanol, were diluted 1.7–3.3 times with water and placed in the left brain parenchyma of a numerical brain phantom. Using the Monte Carlo simulation method, the phantom was exposed to X-ray beams under constant exposure conditions, and the energy absorbed in the entire region of the left brain parenchyma was estimated. At the same time, the content and volume of a contrast medium in the cerebral vessels were predicted on the basis of pharmacokinetic and fractal analyses.Results: The increase in absorbed energy was attributed to secondary electrons emitted from the contrast medium and varied depending on its content and volume. Interestingly, the amount of energy absorbed increased with increasing dilution of the contrast medium. Furthermore, the amplification effect of the radiation dose varied according to the type of contrast medium used.Conclusion: These results suggest that the amplification effect of the radiation dose is closely related to an increase in the cross-sectional area in which the X-rays interact with the contrast medium, which is caused by increased distribution of contrast medium in the cerebral vessels. When the contrast medium is diluted with water, its spread in the cerebral vessels plays a more important role than its content in the amplification effect of the radiation dose.

著者

山本 悠三 Yamamoto Yuzo ヤマモト ユウゾウ

出版者

東京家政大学教員養成教育推進室

雑誌

東京家政大学教員養成教育推進室年報

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, pp.4-14, 2016-03-01

著者

Takashi ASAHI Kiyonobu IKEDA Jiro YAMAMOTO Yuko MURO Atsuko MORI Nobutaka YAMAMOTO

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

NMC Case Report Journal (ISSN:21884226)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.357-363, 2022-12-31 (Released:2022-10-21)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

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Cerebral edema around the lead has been reported as a complication of deep brain stimulation; however, the causes remain unknown. Herein, we present a rare case of sudden cerebral edema around the lead occurring after deep brain stimulation. This was accompanied by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage into the subcutaneous thoracic pocket around the implantable pulse generator in a 53-year-old man with Parkinson's disease. No such case has been reported thus far. Lumbar drainage was performed to improve CSF leakage. The cerebral edema initially responded to steroids, but then it stopped responding to treatment. The edema appeared alternately on the left and right sides, and cyst formation was noted around the left lead. There are some reports of cyst formation around the lead; however, in our case, images were used to monitor the edema and cyst from their appearance to their disappearance. Our data suggest that cyst formation and cerebral edema are related.

著者

Takeshi HOSHIKAWA Kazukiyo YAMAMOTO

出版者

The Remote Sensing Society of Japan

雑誌

日本リモートセンシング学会誌 (ISSN:02897911)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.13-19, 2020-01-31 (Released:2020-07-07)

参考文献数

28

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Pine wilt disease is one of the most destructive disease of pine forests. It is important to detect and exterminate infected trees for preservation of the forest. We demonstrated a novel method combining individual tree detection (ITD) and classification by logistic regression using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images for the mapping of infected trees. In the ITD phase, 50 % and 84 % of damaged trees were automatically detected from the 3D point cloud generated from the UAV images using the local maximum filter. These rates of detection were comparable to previous studies that used UAV imagery. Subsequently, five vegetation indices calculated from multispectral and visible color (RGB) images were used. Among the vegetation indices, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference red edge index (NDRE), and vegetation atmospherically resistant index (VARI) were preferable explanatory variable in the logistic regression to divide damaged and undamaged trees. The accuracy of these models ranged from 98 % to 100 % and the F-measure ranged from 94 % to 100 %. The best model, the logistic regression model using VARI as the explanatory variable, was then tested using five datasets to evaluate general performance. Each model showed explicitly high accuracy ranging from 95 % to 100 %. The best accuracy when considering the ITD and classification was 84 %. To map pine wilt disease, the proposed method is suitable for practical use due to its high-efficient and low-cost.

著者

山本 智美 西田 昌司 Tomomi YAMAMOTO Masashi NISHIDA

雑誌

神戸女学院大学論集 = KOBE COLLEGE STUDIES

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.141-152, 2017-06-20

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大脳皮質でのアミロイドβ沈着は、アルツハイマー型認知症(AD)の病態と密接に関連している。神経細胞は、異常蛋白質を修復する小胞体にアミロイドβ沈着物を取り込む。異常蛋白質の蓄積によって小胞体ストレスが増加すると、細胞はシャペロン蛋白の誘導などの小胞体ストレス応答(UPR)を惹起して小胞体ストレスに対処する。しかしUPRの惹起が十分でない場合は、アポトーシスによる細胞死に至る。今回我々は、アミロイドβ負荷による神経細胞のUPRがERストレスの対処には不十分であり、AD発症率を低下させる女性ホルモンがUPRを増強して細胞死を抑制するかを、培養細胞モデルを用いて検討した。ラット神経系由来のPC-12細胞に、小胞体ストレス誘発剤であるツニカマイシン、アミロイドβ単量体、または凝集体を負荷すると、小胞体ストレスが増加するとともに、UPRで誘導されるジャペロン蛋白GRP78も増加させた。女性ホルモンの17β-エストラジオールによる前処理は、ツニカマイシン、アミロイドβによるGRP78発現を増強するとともにすると、神経細胞における小胞体ストレスを減少した。また、アポトーシスが誘導されたことにより、ツニカマイシンによるUPRは小胞体ストレスの凌駕には不充分であることがわかる。17β-エストラジオールによる前処理はツニカマイシンによるアポトーシスも減少させた。以上より、大脳皮質におけるアミロイドβ沈着は神経細胞の小胞体ストレスを惹起するが、誘導されるUPRが不十分な場合にはアポトーシスによる細胞死が生じた。女性ホルモンのエストロゲンは、UPRを増強することによってアミロイドβ負荷による小胞体ストレスを軽減し、アポトーシスを抑制する可能性が示された。女性ホルモンは、アミロイドβによる神経細胞の小胞体ストレスを修飾することによって、ADの発症率を低下させていることが示唆された。

著者

Yuta Seko Takao Kato Takeshi Morimoto Hidenori Yaku Yasutaka Inuzuka Yodo Tamaki Neiko Ozasa Masayuki Shiba Erika Yamamoto Yusuke Yoshikawa Yugo Yamashita Takeshi Kitai Ryoji Taniguchi Moritake Iguchi Kazuya Nagao Takafumi Kawai Akihiro Komasa Ryusuke Nishikawa Yuichi Kawase Takashi Morinaga Mamoru Toyofuku Yutaka Furukawa Kenji Ando Kazushige Kadota Yukihito Sato Koichiro Kuwahara Takeshi Kimura for the KCHF Study Investigators

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.10, pp.1547-1558, 2022-09-22 (Released:2022-09-22)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

3

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Background: The clinical benefits of neurohormonal antagonists for patients with heart failure (HF) with mid-range and preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF and HFpEF) are uncertain.Methods and Results: This study analyzed 858 consecutive patients with HFmrEF (EF: 40–49%) or HFpEF (EF ≥50%), who were hospitalized for acute HF, and who were discharged alive, and were not taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE)-I/ angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) or β-blockers at admission. The study population was classified into 4 groups according to the status of prescription of ACE-I/ARB and β-blocker at discharge: no neurohormonal antagonist (n=342, 39.9%), ACE-I/ARB only (n=128, 14.9%), β-blocker only (n=189, 22.0%), and both ACE-I/ARB and β-blocker (n=199, 23.2%) groups. The primary outcome measure was a composite of all-cause death or HF hospitalization. The cumulative 1-year incidence of the primary outcome measure was 41.2% in the no neurohormonal antagonist group, 34.0% in the ACE-I/ARB only group, 28.6% in the β-blocker only group, and 16.4% in the both ACE-I/ARB and β-blocker group (P<0.001). Compared with the no neurohormonal antagonist group, both the ACE-I/ARB and β-blocker groups were associated with a significantly lower risk for a composite of all-cause death or HF hospitalization (HR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.28–0.76, P=0.002).Conclusions: In hospitalized patients with HFmrEF and HFpEF, starting both ACE-I/ARB and a β-blocker was associated with a reduced risk of the composite of all-cause death or HF hospitalization compared with patients not starting on an ACE-I/ARB or β-blocker.

著者

Kayo YAMAMOTO

出版者

Japanische Gesellschaft für Germanistik

雑誌

Neue Beiträge zur Germanistik (ISSN:24330906)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.114, pp.150-159, 2003 (Released:2018-03-31)

著者

Takei Yutaka Sakaguchi Eiji Sasaki Koichi Tomoyasu Yoko Yamamoto Kouji Yasuda Yasuharu

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLOS ONE

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.9, pp.e0274604, 2022-09-14

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Transporting patients down stairs by carrying is associated with a particularly high fall risk for patients and the occurrence of back pain among emergency medical technicians. The present study aimed to verify the effectiveness of the Airstretcher device, which was developed to reduce rescuers’ physical burden when transporting patients by dragging along the floor and down stairs. Forty-one paramedical students used three devices to transport a 65-kg manikin down stairs from the 3rd to the 1st floor. To verify the physical burden while carrying the stretchers, ratings of perceived exertion were measured using the Borg CR10 scale immediately after the task. Mean Borg CR10 scores (standard deviation) were 3.6 (1.7), 4.1 (1.8), 5.6 (2.4), and 4.2 (1.8) for the Airstretcher with dragging, Airstretcher with lifting, backboard with lifting, and tarpaulin with lifting conditions, respectively (p < 0.01). Multiple comparisons revealed that the Airstretcher with dragging condition was associated with significantly lower Borg CR10 scores compared with the backboard with lifting condition (p < 0.01). When the analysis was divided by handling position, estimated Borg CR10 values (standard error) for head position were 4.4 (1.3), 2.9 (0.9), 3.2 (0.8), and 4.0 (1.1) for the Airstretcher with dragging, Airstretcher with lifting, backboard with lifting, and tarpaulin with lifting conditions, respectively, after adjusting for participant and duration time (F = 1.4, p < 0.25). The estimated Borg CR10 value (standard error) for toe position in the Airstretcher with dragging condition was 2.0 (0.8), and the scores for the side position were 4.9 (0.4), 6.1 (0.3), and 4.7 (0.4) for the Airstretcher with lifting, backboard with lifting, and tarpaulin with lifting conditions, respectively, after adjusting for participant and duration time (F = 3.6, p = 0.02). Transferring a patient down stairs inside a house by dragging using the Airstretcher may reduce the physical burden for rescuers.

著者

Shigeyuki Yamamoto Taiichi Katayama Kohji Sato

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, pp.5-30, 2021 (Released:2022-01-13)

参考文献数

39

著者

Toshifumi Nanjo Takaomi Fukuhara Naoko Kameshima Daijiro Yanagisawa Shino Shimizu Takeshi Shimizu Akihiko Shiino Hiroyasu Akatsu Takayuki Yamamoto Ikuo Tooyama

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, pp.5-23, 2014-12-30 (Released:2017-06-01)

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Previous studies have reported that β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) are observed in the nasal mucosa of postmortem human samples. In a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), nasal Aβ levels positively correlate with insoluble Aβ levels in the brain. However, it is difficult to measure Aβ content in human nasal smears. Here we report a novel and sensitive method of measuring Aβ42 content in the human nasal cavity and its application in normal human volunteers. We collected nasal smears by cotton swab from the mucosa of the inferior nasal concha and common nasal meatus of 26 normal volunteers with an age range of 23-78 years. The swabs were placed in microtubes and extracted with pure water. Extract solution was removed from each sample for protein assay and the remaining sample was added with formic acid, incubated at 70℃ for one hour, and then centrifuged in a centrifugal filter device to remove larger protein complexes and cellular debris. The filtrates were concentrated and then buffered before Aβ42 concentrations were measured using a commercially available ELISA kit. Samples from five volunteers were also assayed for Aβ42 content without pretreatment. Our novel method for collecting and assaying nasal mucosal smears enabled us to measure Aβ42 content in both the inferior nasal concha and the common nasal meatus of all cases examined, despite the levels being under detection limits (0.1 pmol/L) without pretreatment. There was significantly more Aβ42 content per gram of total protein in the inferior nasal concha (12.37 ± 5.98 pmol/g) than in the common nasal meatus (3.58 ± 1.94 pmol/g; P < 0.001). Thus, this method would be useful for AD screening.

著者

Toshifumi Nanjo Takaomi Fukuhara Naoko Kameshima Daijiro Yanagisawa Shino Shimizu Takeshi Shimizu Akihiko Shiino Hiroyasu Akatsu Takayuki Yamamoto Ikuo Tooyama

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.5-20, 2013-09-30 (Released:2017-06-01)

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Previous studies reported that β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) were observed in nasal mucosa of postmortem human samples. In the model mouse of Alzheimer's disease (AD), nasal Aβ levels positively correlate with insoluble Aβ levels in the brain. However, it is difficult to measure Aβ content in human nasal smears. Here we have reported a novel and sensitive method of measuring Aβ42 content in the human nasal cavity. We collected nasal smears by cotton swab from the mucosa of the inferior nasal concha and common nasal meatus of 13 normal volunteers with an age range of 30-78 years. The swabs were put into microtubes and the protein content extracted with 700 μL of 80% formic acid. Ten microliters of the extract solution was removed from each sample to assay protein levels. The remaining 690 μL was incubated at 70℃ for one hour, transferred to a centrifugal filter device, and centrifuged for one hour at 14000 g to remove larger protein complexes and cellular debris. The filtrates were concentrated to 20 μL, and then neutralized by adding 480 μL of 1 M Tris. Finally, the Aβ42 protein concentrations were measured using a commercially available ELISA kit, with the samples from five volunteers assayed for Aβ42 content without pretreatment. Our novel method for collecting and assaying nasal mucosal smears enabled us to measure Aβ42 content in both the inferior nasal concha and the common nasal meatus of all cases examined here, despite the levels being under detection limits (0.5 pmol/L) without pretreatment. The mean levels of Aβ42 per total protein in the inferior nasal concha and common nasal meatus of normal controls were 6.24 ± 3.70 fmol/g and 2.10 ± 0.77 fmol/g, respectively. Thus, there was significantly more Aβ42 content per total protein in the inferior nasal concha than in the common nasal meatus (P<0.01). Thus, this method would be useful for AD screening.

著者

Yasuhide Iwata Shigeyuki Yamamoto Ikuo Tooyama Shu Takagai Kiyokazu Takebayashi Norio Mori

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, pp.16-27, 2011 (Released:2017-06-01)

参考文献数

31

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The numbers of brain tumors survivors who receive whole-brain irradiation (WBI) develop progressive cognitive dysfunction. WBI-induced decrease in neurogenesis in hippocampus is involved in the delayed cognitive impairment. Considerable data suggests that the continuous suppression of neurogenesis may be due to the activated microglia. To clarify the mechanisms of the radiation-induced deficits in cognitive function, we studied an early response of the hippocampal proliferating cells to the WBI. Adult cynomolgus monkeys received fractionated WBI with the total dose of 15Gy and 30Gy. The animals were administrated with BrdU to label proliferating cells five days after the WBI and sacrificed on the next day. The density of proliferating cells in the hippocampus was significantly increased (ANOVA, F=23, df=2, 9, p=0.0003). Comparing to the sham-irradiation, proliferation were elevated by 6.3 and 12.6 times with 15Gy and 30Gy, respectively. However, there is no BrdU (+) cells co-labeled with Iba1, which is a marker of microglia. The radiation-induced cell proliferation in the hippocampus may play a contributory role in the pathogenesis of late delayed cognitive dysfunction after the WBI.