著者

巌谷小波 等編

出版者

博文館

巻号頁・発行日

1907

著者

岡野 君江

出版者

環日本海学会編集委員会

雑誌

環日本海研究 (ISSN:13430300)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.46-63, 1996

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The land force of Kanazawa played a big role in the Nanking atrocity. Old soldiers, almost all of them over 80 years old, told what they had done in Nanking in 1937. The main members of the atrocity in Nanking were the soldiers of Kanazawa. They had to ensure safety in the Nanking Safety Zone because a commander, who belonged to the Mikado family, would come there soon. A report says the soldiers of Kanazawa killed 6, 670 people. They didn't have enough time to distinguish civilians from the remnants of the defeated army. They not only cruelly murdered, but also plunderd and raped. This is an objective and reliable study of the historical materials I have gathered in Kanazawa and of the testimonies of the soldiers themselves.

著者

福崎 智司

出版者

日本食品微生物学会

雑誌

日本食品微生物学会雑誌 (ISSN:13408267)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.76-80, 2009-07-31 (Released:2009-08-27)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

2 5

著者

土田 将雄

出版者

上智大学

雑誌

上智大学国文学科紀要 (ISSN:02895552)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.53-68, 1984-02-10

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創設25年記念

著者

伊藤 康弘 宮内 昭

出版者

日本内分泌外科学会・日本甲状腺外科学会

雑誌

日本内分泌・甲状腺外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:21869545)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.123-125, 2012 (Released:2013-02-28)

参考文献数

3

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甲状腺乳頭癌は一般に予後良好であるが,中には再発を繰り返すようなハイリスクな症例がある。ハイリスクな症例に対しては全摘を行い,予防的郭清も含めて広範囲なリンパ節郭清が必要である。日本内分泌外科学会および日本甲状腺外科学会が2010年に出版した「甲状腺腫瘍診療ガイドライン」で定められた全摘の適応は,当院のデータから鑑みても概ね妥当である。中央区域のリンパ節郭清はすべての乳頭癌についてルーチンに行うべきであり,外側区域の予防的郭清は,腫瘍径が3cmを超える症例やEx2の症例といった予後不良とされる症例には施行することが望ましい。あらゆる乳頭癌に対して画一的な手術を行うのではなく,個々の症例の予後をきちんと見極めた上で術式を決定することが大切である。

著者

德丸 伸一

出版者

海人社

雑誌

世界の艦船

巻号頁・発行日

no.917, pp.92-95, 2020-02

出版者

東京国立博物館

巻号頁・発行日

1997

著者

YOUSUKE KAIFU IWAN KURNIAWAN DAISUKE KUBO ERICK SUDIYABUDI GUNAWAN PONTJO PUTRO ENDANG PRASANTI FACHROEL AZIZ HISAO BABA

出版者

日本人類学会

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.150702, (Released:2015-10-06)

被引用文献数

1 9

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Ngawi 1 is an undated but well-preserved Homo erectus calvaria from Java. Previous craniometric and morphological studies have shown its similarities to late Javanese H. erectus from Ngandong as well as Sambungmacan (Sm 1 [and Sm 3]). Some researchers emphasize their morphological homogeneity, and suggest that this ‘Ngandong/Sambungmacan/Ngawi group’ is morphologically distinct from H. erectus from the Early Pleistocene of Sangiran and Trinil, possibly at a species-level. In this study, we reinvestigated Ngawi 1 based on the newly cleaned original specimen and using micro- computed tomography with the aim of testing if such morphological discontinuity really exists within the Javanese fossil record. We metrically and non-metrically examined 33 cranial characters that are useful to distinguish earlier and later Javanese H. erectus. We also evaluated the morphology of the three Sambungmacan crania (Sm 1, 3, and 4) in the same way. The results of these and multivariate analyses support previous studies that Ngawi 1 exhibits many characteristic features of Ngandong H. erectus. However, Ngawi 1 is more or less similar to earlier Javanese H. erectus in smaller cranial size, a weak but distinct supraglabellar depression, a relatively short temporal bone, limited posterior projection of the middle part of the occipital torus, a shallower and ‘roofed’ mandibular fossa, and a smaller mastoid process. The three Sambungmacan crania also show general affinities to Ngandong, but are similar to earlier Javanese H. erectus in a few or more characters. Such slightly shifted character distribution is at least consistent with the hypothesis of continuous evolution of H. erectus through the Pleistocene of Java. This minor but potentially meaningful pattern of morphological variation should not be overlooked when a morphological group is defined for the specimens from Ngandong, Sambungmacan, and Ngawi. We also determined the endocranial volume of Ngawi 1 to be 959 cm3.

著者

三浦 宏文

出版者

日本宗教学会

雑誌

宗教研究. 別冊 (ISSN:21883858)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, pp.310-311, 2014-03-30

著者

山中 速人

出版者

放送大学

雑誌

放送教育開発センター研究紀要 (ISSN:09152210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.1-48, 1991

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Modern mass media and tourist industries have strongly affected the process of building images about the indigenous people residing in developing countries. "Primitive" or "uncivilized" image about such indigenous people has been created and utilized by media and tourist industries for their business purpose. Since the beginning of this century, Hawaii has been typical islands for such modern tourist industries. Its image as "a paradise of the Pacific" was promoted by the tourist industry in Hawaii and enhanced in the United States, through mass media such as films, radio, and mass magazines. The stereotyped images, such as "friendly", "cheerful", "passionate" or "sexually active" of indigenous Hawaiians, especially Hawaiian women, were also created through this process. This paper discusses from a historical viewpoint how media and the tourist industry projected such images of indigenous Hawaiians. "Captain Cook's Travelogue", a best-seller book in the 18th century, travel fiction set in Hawaiian islands at the end of the 19th Century, commercial arts and designs for Hawaii tourism, and Hollywood musical movies on the "Hawaiian Paradise" are analyzed.

著者

実業復興奨励会 編

出版者

帝都書房

巻号頁・発行日

1923

著者

丹羽弥著

出版者

大衆書房

巻号頁・発行日

1976

著者

行動心理グラフ学科Bグループ

出版者

ビジネス社

雑誌

ジャパンポンチ

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.98-100, 2005-06

著者

犬塚 美輪 三浦 麻子 小川 洋和

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会

雑誌

教育心理学研究 (ISSN:00215015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1, pp.35-47, 2022-03-30 (Released:2022-03-30)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1 2

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本研究では,大学での授業において,試験時に参照するためにノートをまとめ直す(事後ノート作成)方略に関する認知とその変化を検討するとともに,作成された事後ノートの質的特徴と成績の関連を検討した。研究1(n=171)では,講義科目において,試験時に参照できる場合に事後ノート作成の有効性や工夫の認知が高く,コストが低く認知されることが示された。また,作成された事後ノートの記述量と図の使用頻度が事実問題の成績を予測した。研究2(n=114)では演習科目において中間テストと事後ノート作成を繰り返した。期末試験問題のうち,事実問題には事後ノートの記述量と体制化の指標の正の効果,まとめ文をそのまま写すことの負の効果が見られた。知識適用問題と説明問題では記述量の効果は有意ではなく,体制化とまとめ文の写しの有無が成績を予測した。方略としての認知は,工夫の認知に有意な変化が認められたが効果量は小さかった。研究3(n=45)では,演習科目において事後ノート作成の繰り返しに加え明示的教示を実施した。作成された事後ノートの体制化の指標が知識適用問題の成績を予測する結果が得られ,方略の認知に関しては,工夫の認知が有意な上昇を示した。

著者

朝鮮総督府情報課 編

出版者

朝鮮行政学会

巻号頁・発行日

1944

著者

山崎 眞

出版者

海人社

雑誌

世界の艦船

巻号頁・発行日

no.832, pp.106-109, 2016-03

著者

HIDEAKI KANZAWA-KIRIYAMA TIMOTHY A. JINAM YOSUKE KAWAI TAKEHIRO SATO KAZUYOSHI HOSOMICHI ATSUSHI TAJIMA NOBORU ADACHI HIROFUMI MATSUMURA KIRILL KRYUKOV NARUYA SAITOU KEN-ICHI SHINODA

出版者

一般社団法人 日本人類学会

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.127, no.2, pp.83-108, 2019 (Released:2019-08-29)

参考文献数

139

被引用文献数

43 60

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The Funadomari Jomon people were hunter-gatherers living on Rebun Island, Hokkaido, Japan c. 3500–3800 years ago. In this study, we determined the high-depth and low-depth nuclear genome sequences from a Funadomari Jomon female (F23) and male (F5), respectively. We genotyped the nuclear DNA of F23 and determined the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class-I genotypes and the phenotypic traits. Moreover, a pathogenic mutation in the CPT1A gene was identified in both F23 and F5. The mutation provides metabolic advantages for consumption of a high-fat diet, and its allele frequency is more than 70% in Arctic populations, but is absent elsewhere. This variant may be related to the lifestyle of the Funadomari Jomon people, who fished and hunted land and marine animals. We observed high homozygosity by descent (HBD) in F23, but HBD tracts longer than 10 cM were very limited, suggesting that the population size of Northern Jomon populations were small. Our analysis suggested that population size of the Jomon people started to decrease c. 50000 years ago. The phylogenetic relationship among F23, modern/ancient Eurasians, and Native Americans showed a deep divergence of F23 in East Eurasia, probably before the split of the ancestor of Native Americans from East Eurasians, but after the split of 40000-year-old Tianyuan, indicating that the Northern Jomon people were genetically isolated from continental East Eurasians for a long period. Intriguingly, we found that modern Japanese as well as Ulchi, Korean, aboriginal Taiwanese, and Philippine populations were genetically closer to F23 than to Han Chinese. Moreover, the Y chromosome of F5 belonged to haplogroup D1b2b, which is rare in modern Japanese populations. These findings provided insights into the history and reconstructions of the ancient human population structures in East Eurasia, and the F23 genome data can be considered as the Jomon Reference Genome for future studies.

著者

門司 和彦 星 友矩 源 利文 東城 文柄

出版者

長崎大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2021-04-01

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ラオスとカンボジアのメコン川流域で約20万人が感染しているメコン住血吸虫対策においては、集団投薬を補完する具体的な方法論が求められている。本研究計画では「メコン住血吸虫対策を事例とした地理学的なエコヘルスアプローチの方法論研究」と題して、「感染症の効果的な制御には感染リスクの高い人口集団と地理環境の両方の理解が重要」である医学地理学的な概念を、環境DNA測定・電子質問票・統計モデリング等の最新技術を駆使した「メコン住血吸虫リスク地図」の作成によって達成する。また、「地域住民の生活・文化への最小限の介入(危険水域の河川を利用しない)で持続的な感染制御への道筋をつける」ことが本研究のゴールとなる。

著者

倉橋 太志

出版者

一般社団法人 日本数学会

雑誌

数学 (ISSN:0039470X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.1, pp.60-87, 2021-01-22 (Released:2023-01-23)

参考文献数

89

著者

高草木 薫

出版者

日本脊髄外科学会

雑誌

脊髄外科 (ISSN:09146024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.208-215, 2013 (Released:2017-05-11)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

1

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This review discusses neuronal mechanisms controlling posture and locomotion. Volitional gait behaviors are composed of “automatic control of posture and rhythmic limb movements” that operate in conjunction with “intentional control of precise movements of the trunk, limbs, and feet.” The automatic control of posture and rhythmic limb movements is mediated by the ventromedial descending motor system from structures of the brainstem. Descending signals in this system activate spinal interneuronal circuits, which are termed central pattern generators (CPGs), to automatically generate a locomotor rhythm and pattern in cooperation with sensory afferents from muscles, joints, and skin. However, when moving, the subject requires intentional gait modification, which in turn critically involves an activation of the dorsolateral descending motor system, or the lateral corticospinal tract, arising from the motor cortical areas. An intentional gait control is always preceded by appropriate postural adjustments, which are themselves achieved by the motor programs in motor cortical areas including the supplementary motor area and premotor area. To generate and develop the motor programs, information of bodily function such as body schema, which is always updated at the temporoparietal cortex on the basis of proprioceptive, visual, vestibular and auditory sensations, can be critically required. The postural control program is propagated to the brainstem, via the cortico-reticular projection, so that anticipatory postural adjustment is performed by the activation of the ventromedial systems immediately before the onset of the intentional gait modification. Conversely, programs of intentional gait control are transmitted to the primary motor cortex so that precise limb trajectories can be generated and accurate foot placement is achieved by the activation of the corticospinal tract. Signals from the basal ganglia and the cerebellum regulate “automatic processes” by acting on the brainstem and “intentional processes” by acting on the cerebral cortex. Operation of the basal ganglia is largely affected by dopamine, and cerebellar function depends on feed-forward and feedback signals acting on the cerebellum. Dysfunction of either mechanism of the above processes may result in postural disturbance and/or gait failure. (328 words)