著者

八木 寛之

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2012, no.30, pp.77-92, 2013-09-01 (Released:2014-03-07)

参考文献数

18

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There is an increasing flowability of shops along the shopping street in the central part of the metropolis of Osaka. In this situation, the central objective of activation in the shopping street is to create a community centered on shop owners. This paper focuses on the shop ownersʼ social relationships through a case study of the shopping street “Shinsekai” in Osaka. Through analysis, we show the social conditions that caused the formation of this shopping street. The results demonstrate that the shop owners formed communities by forging links through diverse social relationships in the practice of activation in the shopping street. First, the shop owners practiced the activation by building personal relationships founded on community-based organization (shopping street organization and neighborhood associations). In the next stage, the established shop owners made concerted efforts to cooperate with newer shop owners, who raised capital externally, to create an attractive “regional image.” This paper presents the following significant findings: 1) We point out the importance of personal relationships among the shop owners to form a community through practices of activation in the shopping street. 2) We discovered that organic social relationships among shop owners provided the foundation for community-based organization.

著者

武森 信曉

出版者

一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会

雑誌

生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.2, pp.116-119, 2016 (Released:2016-03-31)

参考文献数

10

著者

金子 太郎

出版者

数理社会学会

雑誌

理論と方法 (ISSN:09131442)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.145-160, 2010-03-31 (Released:2010-10-03)

参考文献数

12

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N人チキンゲームの設定において,プレイヤーの選好のタイプ,利得構造の違いを導入したとき,従来には指摘されていなかった均衡,ベイジアン・ナッシュ均衡が存在することを示す.本稿の理論は,N人チキンゲームの設定において,集団がチキンタイプ,熱意過剰-1タイプ,熱意過剰-2タイプによって構成されているとき,どのような均衡に到達するかを説明する.この理論は,N人チキンゲームの設定において,「k人だけが協力する」,k/Nという協力率以外の協力率を説明する.そして,この理論はColemanの「フリーライダーと熱意過剰行為者」の議論にベイジアン・ナッシュ均衡によって1つのフィニッシュ与えるものである.

著者

中房 敏朗

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.15092, (Released:2016-04-06)

参考文献数

110

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This paper describes a historical study of “Yamatobataraki”, a form of gymnastics that was devised by Professor Kakei Katsuhiko around 1920 in Japan. The main study aim was to clarify how the practice of Yamatobataraki spread in Imperial Japan from the 1920s to 1930s. The diffusion process consisted of three phases. The first was associated with the growth of the Folk High School movement. Around 1924, Kato Kanji introduced Yamatobataraki to the Yamagatakenjichikoshusho, which was the original model of the Folk High School. Kato then transferred to the Nihonkokuminkotogakko, which was the head institution of the Folk High Schools, and introduced Yamatobataraki as part of its educational program. Kato's educational systems, along with Yamatobataraki, were reproduced throughout Japan and Taiwan, because the Nihonkokuminkotogakko helped to found other similar institutions. In the second phase, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry promoted the foundation of a large number of Nomindojo, i.e. farmers' schools. As a result, 50 farmers' schools introduced Yamatobataraki, because they were modeled on the educational system of the Nihonkokuminkotogakko. In the third phase, the Ministry of Colonial Affairs promoted the policy of agricultural emigration to Manchuria, and delegated the training of the emigrants to Kato Kanji. In 1938, Manmokaitakuseishonengiyugun, a large group of young agricultural emigrants to Manchuria, was institutionalized. Many young emigrants trained under Kato's methods in Uchiharakunrensho, which were formulated for the Manmokaitakuseishonengiyugun. Yamatobataraki as a daily routine was practiced as a matter of course. Thus, as described above, Yamatobataraki spread mainly via farmers' schools and emigrant training all over Imperial Japan due to the promotion of farmers' schools and emigration to Manchuria by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and Ministry of Colonial Affairs.

著者

小林 毅之 箕作 禎子 島井 信子 田村 高子 益田 律子 横山 和子

出版者

日本臨床麻酔学会

雑誌

日本臨床麻酔学会誌 (ISSN:02854945)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.3, pp.266-271, 1989-05-15 (Released:2008-12-11)

参考文献数

11

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28歳, 男性の扁桃摘出術中に筋強直をともなって発生した悪性高熱症を経験した. 早期発見, 早期治療により救命できた. 親族にMHの既往があるにも関わらず, 術前それを聴取できなかった. 患者に医学的知識がない場合, 家族歴を忘れてしまったり, 遺伝性疾患を隠したりすることがあるため注意が必要である.MHの初期症状は気道閉塞とよく似ているため, 特に扁桃摘出術のように気道のトラブルが予測される手術においては鑑別が難しい.

著者

Hisashi Kai Takeshi Kimura Kenji Fukuda Yoshihiro Fukumoto Tatsuyuki Kakuma Yutaka Furukawa on behalf of CREDO-Kyoto Investigators

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-15-1151, (Released:2016-04-06)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

9

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Background:We investigated the effects of age and low diastolic blood pressure (DBP) on cardiovascular death in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after coronary revascularization.Methods and Results:Stable, chronic CAD patients after coronary revascularization in the CREDO-Kyoto registry cohort-1 were allocated to the Young (≤64 years, n=2,619), Young-Old (65–74 years, n=2,932), and Old-Old (≥75 years, n=1,629) groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the crude cumulative incidence of cardiovascular death was higher in Young-Old patients with DBP <70 mmHg (P<0.001) and in Old-Old patients with DBP <60 mmHg (P=0.017), but not <70 mmHg (P=0.629), compared with each counterpart. Low DBP did not increase cardiovascular death in young patients. After adjustments with independent predictors, DBP <60 mmHg did not increase the cardiovascular death in the Old-Old group (HR=1.579 [95% CI, 0.944–2.642], P=0.082) and DBP <70 mmHg remained a predictor in the Young-Old group (HR=1.665 [1.094–2.532], P=0.017). On multivariate stepwise Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, independent predictors for cardiovascular death in low DBP patients were creatinine clearance (CCr; inversely), prior cerebrovascular disease, and aortic disease in the Young-Old group and CCr (inversely) and malignancy in the Old-Old group.Conclusions:DBP <60 mmHg was not an independent factor for predicting cardiovascular death in Old-Old revascularized CAD patients, whereas DBP <70 mmHg remained a predictor in the Young-Old.

著者

Pei-Hsun Sung Chiung-Jen Wu Hon-Kan Yip

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.3, pp.572-578, 2016-02-25 (Released:2016-02-25)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

1 14

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Despite advancements in pharmacological therapy and refinement of the tools and technique of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass surgery, patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by profound cardiogenic shock (CS) still have unacceptably high in-hospital mortality and unfavorable long-term outcome. Thus, there is an imminent need of a new and safe treatment modality in the management of AMI complicated by profound CS. Growing evidence suggests that extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO)-supported primary PCI is an effective therapeutic option for saving lives under such conditions. In this review, we describe and interpret the potential role of circulatory mechanical support by ECMO in the setting of AMI complicated by profound CS for improving clinical outcomes. (Circ J 2016; 80: 572–578)

著者

下野 義人

出版者

日本菌学会

雑誌

日本菌学会大会講演要旨集 日本菌学会第58回大会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.50, 2014 (Released:2014-08-26)

著者

Sivabaskari Pasupathy Rosanna Tavella John F. Beltrame

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.11-16, 2015-12-25 (Released:2015-12-25)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

5 62

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Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is an intriguing clinical entity that is being increasingly recognized with the more common use of coronary angiography during acute myocardial infarction. This review systematically addresses the contemporary understanding of MINOCA, including, (1) what are the diagnostic criteria, (2) when the diagnosis should be considered, (3) who is at risk, (4) why this new syndrome should be diagnosed, (5) how these patients should be managed, and (6) where to next? (Circ J 2016; 80: 11–16)

著者

山田 富秋

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.4, pp.465-485, 2015 (Released:2016-03-31)

参考文献数

35

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本稿では社会問題や差別問題の映像資料を質的に研究する時の問題点として, A. クラインマンの指摘する「映像の流用」 (Kleinman et al. eds. 1997=2011) という問題を取り上げた. この問題は, 私たちがグローバルな消費社会に生活するかぎり, ほとんど避けて通ることができない問題である. つまり, 社会問題や差別に苦しむ映像は, ある一定のプロットを備えた「被害者の物語」を伴う悲惨な映像に流用されてしまう. その結果私たちは, 手元の常識にもとづいて類型化され, ステレオタイプ化された映像の読み方に閉じ込められてしまうのである. 本稿では, 薬害エイズの医師=悪者表象はまさにそうやってできあがったステレオタイプであることを示した. しかしハンセン病問題の啓発映像においては, 当事者が最初からローカルな文脈の中で語っているので, 定形化を免れていることを示した.具体的な映像資料を細かく解読する作業によって, 脱文脈化され実体化されたステレオタイプを一度解体し, その後で, 「流用された映像」を現場の民族誌的・歴史的文脈に適切に位置づけ直す作業が必要である. さらに言えば, クラインマンが言うように, 映像資料の制作や流通過程自体に当事者自身の同意とコントロールも取り付ける努力が必要になるだろう. この手続きが, 当事者の語りを研究者の記述と同等に価値あるものとして位置づけ, それによって映像資料が当事者の「道徳的証人」になる道が開かれる.

著者

平島 健一 木村 清和 広瀬 幸雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 A編 (ISSN:03875008)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.542, pp.2516-2522, 1991-10-25 (Released:2008-02-21)

参考文献数

7

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By using the theoretical results for closed-form analytical solutions of in-plane problems inclusion under point forces, dislocations and so on, several numerical examples are shown by many graphical representations. The previous results published by several authors can be included as particular cases of our solutions.

著者

岡 紀子

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.12, pp.940-941, 2016-03-01 (Released:2016-03-01)

著者

福山 樹里

出版者

一般社団法人 情報科学技術協会

雑誌

情報の科学と技術 (ISSN:09133801)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.4, pp.142-142, 2016-02-01 (Released:2016-04-01)

出版者

北関東医学会

雑誌

北関東医学 (ISSN:13432826)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.113-113, 2015-02-01 (Released:2015-03-31)

著者

Kenichiro Yaita Yoshiro Sakai Jun Iwahashi Kenji Masunaga Nobuyuki Hamada Hiroshi Watanabe

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.7, pp.739-743, 2016 (Released:2016-04-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 6

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Objective To clarify the characteristics of post-travel consultation services in Japan, particularly in the provinces, we analyzed our post-travel patients in the travel clinic of Kurume University Hospital located in Kurume City (a regional hub City in southwestern Japan). Methods Sixty post-travel patients visited our clinic between April 2008 and October 2014 and participated in this study: 55 were Japanese and five were foreign. We summarized and compared the characteristics of the patients after dividing the Japanese participants into long-term travelers (>14 days) and short-term travelers (≤14 days). The foreign travelers were described in a separate analysis. Results Of the 55 Japanese travelers, the mean age (± standard deviation) was 37.3 ± 16.3 years, and 36 patients (65%) were men. Southeast Asia was the major destination (30/55, 55%), and business was stated as the major reason for travel (16/55, 29%). Post-exposure rabies prophylaxis (16/55, 29%) was the most common purpose for the consultations. There were 34 participants (62%) who were classified as short-term travelers. Fewer of the short-term travelers stated receiving pre-travel consultations compared with long-term travelers (11% vs. 79%, p=0.0002). The five foreign travelers included one dengue fever patient and two malaria patients. Conclusion Most post-travel Japanese patients visited our clinic were short-term travelers who had not received any pre-travel consultation. One of the most common complaints, post-exposure rabies prophylaxis, could have been avoided to some extent by appropriate pre-travel consultations. The results of this study suggest that pre-travel consultations should therefore be encouraged for both long- and short-term travelers.

著者

Hyun Jin Kim Jongyun Kim Do Lee Yun Ki Sun Kim Yoon Jin Kim

出版者

一般社団法人 園芸学会

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.MI-133, (Released:2016-03-31)

被引用文献数

5

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To assess the growth and flowering of the Doritaenopsis orchid in alternative substrates, Doritaenopsis Queen Beer ‘Mantefon’ was grown for 15 months in four different substrates; a commercial 100% Chilean sphagnum moss (S), peat moss (P), medium-grade Douglas fir bark mixed with P with a 3:7 ratio (v/v) (BP), and S and P mixes (SP) with a 4:6 ratio (v/v). Physical (porosity and water holding capacity) and chemical (pH and EC) properties of the four substrates were investigated. SP substrate had significantly higher substrate volumetric water content (VWC) than the other three substrates only for the first 3 days after fertigation, and only the BP substrate maintained lower air space than the other substrates. Although there was no relevant growth responses to VWC and air space changes, a better growth in shoots and fastened flowering of Doritaenopsis ‘Mantefon’ occurred in plants grown in the P substrate, which could be attributed to providing better contact of terrestrial roots to the substrate enabling enough water and nutrient supply, along with a proper pH range of 6.15. At 15 months after transplanting, plants grown in the P and BP substrates had larger leaves and a greater shoot dry weight than the plants grown in the S and SP substrates. Plants grown in the P substrate produced 2.75 flower spikes, whereas the plants grown in the S, BP, and SP substrates produced 2.00 to 2.33 flower spikes. Plants grown in the P, BP, S, and SP substrates produced a third flower spike, being 67%, 33%, 17%, and 8%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the total number of flowers, while the total numbers of buds were 32.3, 23.4, 23.0, and 19.7 in plants grown in the P, S, BP, and SP substrates, respectively. Time to visible flower spike was shortened in plants grown in the P substrate compared to the plants grown in other substrates. With these results, using alternative substrates including peat moss for Doritaenopsis cultivation, growers may be able to promote leaf growth and flower spike induction with lower expenses on substrate costs, resulting in a high quality production of Doritaenopsis ‘Mantefon’ with more profit.

著者

Atsuko Uragami Reiichirou Ueno Atsushi Yamasaki Kentaro Matsuo Takayuki Yamaguchi Hideo Tokiwa Tamio Takizawa Hiroaki Sakai Takao Ikeuchi Shin-ichi Watanabe Kuninori Matsunaga Miyuki Kunihisa Hiroaki Kitazawa Satoru Motoki

出版者

一般社団法人 園芸学会

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.MI-115, (Released:2016-03-30)

被引用文献数

11

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This study analyzes the first large-scale asparagus experiment in Japan to examine the productive differences between male and female plants using the rootstock-planting forcing culture technique. This technique has recently been developed in Japan and uses dug-up rootstocks for one-season harvests during the off-crop season. As larger spears and early sprouting are especially favored in this culture for higher yield, it is important to clarify and evaluate the productive traits of the male and female plants. We conducted collaborative research among eight institutes from Hokkaido to Kyushu to examine plants grown at different cultivation sites. There were two digging-up months and different low-temperature backgrounds. Plant rootstocks sourced from the eight different sites used in the experiment were cultured in an abandoned tunnel in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, in a large area with uniform temperature and high humidity throughout the year, and their white spears were harvested. The results of this study show that the female plants had a significantly higher rootstock weight, weight per spear per plant, and weight per early spear per plant, whereas the male plants had a significantly higher total spear number per plant, early spear number per plant, and significantly fewer days to first harvest. No significant differences were observed in soluble solid contents of roots, total spear weight per plant, or early spear weight per plant. It seems that male plants have a tendency to sprout earlier than female plants in response to reduced accumulated low temperature hours, and also to produce a higher total spear number per rootstock weight and total spear weight per rootstock weight. The ranges of most of the productive traits analyzed in this study completely overlapped between the sexes. However, female plants showed higher variation in weight per spear per plant and weight per early spear per plant.

著者

安藤 俊幸

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.11, pp.774-778, 2012 (Released:2012-02-01)

参考文献数

17

著者

金菱 清 植田 今日子

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.3, pp.386-401, 2013 (Released:2014-12-31)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1 3

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本稿の目的は, 宮城県の各被災地の人びとの営みから, 排除することのできない災害リスクを抱えながら生活を再構築していく技法に学ぶことで, 災害リスクへの適応実践のあり方を示すことにある.今回の東日本大震災でとりわけ津波の被害が甚大であった現場で見えてきた災害との向き合い方の方向性は, 大きくは2つある. 1つは, 被害の大きかった場所から撤退したり, 津波による物理的損失を未然に防ぐことで日常生活に支障をきたさない状況を目指す方向性である. もう1つは, 生活をともにするコミュニティの維持・継続を目指した先に, 物理的なダメージの緩衝のみならず被災後も派生してくる生活困難や孤立, 精神的ダメージといった複合的な災害リスクを包括的に低減することを目指す方向性である. 後者の方向性のあり方を, 本稿では「災害リスクの包括的制御」と呼んでおきたい.災害リスクと向き合うとき, 災害パターナリズムによる災害リスクへの対処法は, 結果としてリスクの締め出しと引き換えに生活弱者を生み出すのも致し方なしという社会的排除の性格を強く帯びる. それに対し, 本稿が提示するコミュニティに備わる災害リスクの包括的制御は, もっとも不利な人が生きていくための社会的セイフティネットの役割をもつ. 事後的にしか対処できない派生的な被災の実態に対して, 包括的制御アプローチは, 災害発生時のみならず災害後も居座り続ける複合的な災害リスクを縮減することに寄与していることを実証する.

著者

竹村 繁幸 前田 浩史 三谷 良英 田中 仁敏

出版者

一般社団法人 照明学会

雑誌

照明学会誌 (ISSN:00192341)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.Appendix, pp.281-281, 1994-07-18 (Released:2011-07-19)