著者

日野川 静枝

出版者

拓殖大学人文科学研究所

雑誌

拓殖大学論集. 人文・自然・人間科学研究 = The journal of humanities and sciences (ISSN:13446622)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.1-24, 2018-11-10

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This paper will examine how science became militarized, focusing on a few years from the late 1930s, when the plan to construct the 184-inch cyclotron emerged, through the early 1940s, when the University of California set up a system to mobilize for war.Part I will describe the close relationship that grew up between Ernest O. Lawrence(1901_1958), inventor of the cyclotron and head of the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory(the Rad Lab), and his supporter Alfred Lee Loomis(1887_1975), who, as an investment banker and amateur scientist, brought Lawrence in to contact with industrialists in the course of developing the 184-inch cyclotron. Part II discusses the way Loomis brought Lawrence into the web of military-industrial ties. The urgent need to develop a high-power, high-frequency oscillation tube, which was a component technology needed for both radar and the cyclotron, provided common ground for getting Lawrence involved in defense research. Part III will focus on the question of overhead to explore the University of California's handling of defense research contracts at a time when the government was creating a system to mobilize science and engineering for the war. This process led to the development of big science, which has the following three characteristics: the development of equipment that utilizes advanced technology; the need for enormous research funds; and the organization of researchers and thorough division of labor in the laboratory. Each of these characteristics engenders another aspect: The first leads to close cooperation between the research laboratory and industry in developing the technology; the second invites investment by huge foundations and contracts with the government and the military; and the third makes it impossible for researchers to continue their research except as part of a project and team, thereby robbing them of their independence. Some of the changes in the socioeconomic foundations of science and technology that were promoted by a special kind of coercion during the war became built into the postwar social structure in the form of the military-industrial-academic complex, making it impossible to think of postwar policy without them.

著者

中川 純一

出版者

日本行動計量学会

雑誌

行動計量学 (ISSN:03855481)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.149-159, 2008-09-28

参考文献数

18

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Since the telephone (RDD) poll of the day is carried out in the call center, which is highly managed, the risk of operator's error generation is low. However, this report suggests the risk of operator's error generation due to intervene of operator's judgment. It is the case that the questionnaire is not carefully examined. Now therefore, the question with an unclear meaning with a long sentence and/or an open-answer question must be avoided when there is not enough time for developing a thorough questionnaire.

著者

羽生 寿郎 山田 幸兵衛

出版者

日本農業気象学会

雑誌

農業気象 (ISSN:00218588)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.2, pp.45-48, 1954

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In Aomori prefecture the prevailing north-easterlies have been named &ldquo;Yamase-winds&rdquo;. In warm period they accompany the cold and bad weather, and so great concern has been given them from the standpoint of agriculture.<br>The authors classified the wind directions of 10.00 JST observed at Hachinohe Weather Station for the five months from April to September, for the period of 1937-1951 and made some statistical study.<br>A. The range of wind direction and climatic characters of Yamase winds from May to August are as follows:<br>(1) The wind direction ranges from NNW to SE including E.<br>(2) The principal winds of Yamase (NE, ENE, E) are about 5&deg;C lower that of prevailing westerlies (SW, WSW, W) and about 18% wetter in relative humidity.<br>(3) Yemase-winds are more frequent than the westerlies in all kinds of weather, but the percentage of occurrence of low cloud overcast, rainy and foggy days for the Yamase-winds is greater than that for the westerlies and vice versa for the percentage of occurrence of fine and high and middle cloud overcast days.<br>(4) The duration of sunshine is generally shorter for Yamase than the westerlies, but in NE and ENE winds, sunshine is more abundant in Yamase. This may be because of the direction of the sea breezes being included in the range of Yamase-winds.<br>B. The relation between notable low temperatures and Yamase-wands. The monthly mean air tempertures corrected by the deviation of wind direction are obtained from the formula (1) (&Delta;&theta;_d, <i>n</i>_d are mean air temperature departures and number of days for each direction. <i>n</i> is number of days a month.) and shown by the broken lines in Fig. 5. In the year of bad harvest the actual air temperature departures (full line) are 2-3&deg;C lower than the former. It is considered that these differences are due to the kind of air mass or bad weather.<br>In order to see the effect of bad weather the wind directions are classified into two groups, the Yamase winds (NNW-SE) and other winds including calm, and the kinds of weather are classified into five groups, clear, fine, high and middle cloud overcasts, low cloud overcast and rain including fog. Then the monthly mean temperature departures corrected according to weathar and wind direction are obtained by the formula (2) (&Delta;&theta;_w, <i>n</i>_w are mean temperature departures and number of days for each kind of weather for each wind direction) and are shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 5. During the summers of 1941 and 1945, the monthly mean temperatures are much lower than these values. Therefore, it is considered that these notable low temperatures are due to the cold air mass.

著者

八村 広三郎

出版者

バイオメカニズム学会

雑誌

バイオメカニズム (ISSN:13487116)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.1-12, 2014 (Released:2017-02-15)

参考文献数

16

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本稿では, 舞踊や祭などの無形文化遺産のデジタル・アーカイブに関する話題について述べる. 無形文化財は人間の身体動作が大きな要素になる. 身体動作の計測には, おもに人体の関節部分の動きや関節角度を計測するモーションキャプチャシステムが利用される. 舞踊の身体動作の計測には, 光学式モーションキャプチャシステムが広く利用されている. 一方で, 舞踊で特に重要な, 衣装などをつけた踊り手の表情などを含む 「見え」 を, 3次元情報として記録するシステムも開発されている. ここでは, これらのシステムについて紹介した後, これらを, 舞踊を中心とする無形文化財のアーカイブに利用することの意義および課題などについてふれる. さらに, モーションキャプチャにより計測した身体動作データを対象にして行うデータ解析やデータ検索の手法について述べる. 最後に, 世界遺産にも登録された大規模な祭りである, 京都祇園祭の山鉾巡行という文化遺産を対象にしたデジタル・アーカイブの試みについても紹介する.

著者

森吉 雄大 荒牧 真悟 中島 翔太 田中 幹也

出版者

一般社団法人 産業応用工学会

雑誌

産業応用工学会全国大会講演論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2015, pp.18-19, 2015

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高齢化の深刻に伴い,介助者が不足しています。介助者は,高齢者がベッドから離れる際の安否確認が必要とされているが,それが難しくなっています。そこでマットセンサを用いたが,マットセンサは検知範囲が一定であり,またマットでつまずく可能性があります。これらを解決するために本研究では,1次元輝度分布センサを用いた離床検知を提案する。

著者

山本 将成

出版者

名古屋大学

雑誌

名古屋大學法政論集 (ISSN:04395905)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.264, pp.425-455, 2015-12-25

著者

佐々倉 航三

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地理学会

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:00167444)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.203-213, 1932

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Last year the harvest was poor in every district in Japan, especially in the Northeastern district of the Mainland and in Hokkaid&ocirc;. The total rice yield in the Northeastern district and Hokkaid&ocirc; is estimated as only onehalf that of normal years. There may be several causes of the poor harvest, such as typhoon, droughts, etcRI believe the poor harvest of the last year was due to low temperatures and reduced hours of sunshine. I have drawn 12 climatic maps based on data recorded in the Monthly Bulletin of the Central Meteorological Observatory, Tokyo.<br> From Figs. 7 and 8 we can easily understand that the climatic couditions that prevailed during June and July, 1931, were very unfavorable for the rice crop. The zones of -2.0 C and below it as the mean deviation of air temperature during June and July and those of -10% and below it as the mean deviation of sunshine percentage during June and July, are Aomori and Iwate Prefectures and Hokkaido. These zones correspond to the districts where the rice harvest was very poor.<br> I think that the reasons for low temperatures and lesser sunshine in Japan during June and July last year are as follows: As we can see in Fig. II, the center of the anticyclone in June was situated in the Okhotsk Sea, its barometric reading being above 761mm. Usually in June the anticyclone occupies the offing of the Sanriku district, resulting in the rainy season in Japan : but last year the center of the anticyclone migrated farther northwards and cold air was brought in by north-easterly winds.<br> During July last year the distribution of air pressure resembled that of ordinary years, but the weak high pressure zone still remained in the Okhotsk Sea, and that as many as twenty-five cyclones visited Japan, so that dull weather prevailed during nearly the whole of July. The original cause of the unfavorable climate was undoubtedly the abnormal high pressure that prevailed over the Okhotsk Sea during June last year.

著者

橋本 静信 小池 和太郎 岡畑 恵雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本化学会

雑誌

日本化学会誌(化学と工業化学) (ISSN:03694577)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1973, no.6, pp.1139-1143, 1973-06-10 (Released:2011-05-30)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

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アセトニトリルを溶媒にして80℃で,CuCl2の存在または不存在下で過酸化2-テノイルとヨードベンゼンとの反応を行なった。CuCl2の存在下ではヨードペソゼンの水素が置換されてヨードフェニル2-テノアート(o-:m-:p-=55:19:26)が得られ,一方,CuCl2が存在しないときはC-I結合の炭素に置換が起こりフェニル2-テノアートが生成した。CuCl2の存在下で起こる水素置換反応は,部分速度比の対数と置換基定数σ+との関係からみて,生成した2-テノイルオキシラジカルがベンゼン環に付加したシクロヘキサジエニル型ラジカルがCuCl2により酸化される機構で説明される。一方,CuCl2の不存在下ではシクロヘキサジエニル型ラジカルの分子内で2-テノイルオキシ基が転位することによりフェニル2-テノアートが生成する機構を提出した。この2-テノイルオキシ基の分子内転位については,さらにt-ブチル2-テノアートからイソブチル2-テノアートへのラジカル転位を行なって,その関連性からも検討した。

著者

山口 雅彦 古谷 建 徳永 雄次

出版者

公益社団法人 有機合成化学協会

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.1, pp.75, 2011-01-01 (Released:2011-02-21)

著者

小野 英喜

出版者

立命館大学教育開発推進機構

雑誌

立命館高等教育研究 (ISSN:13481193)

巻号頁・発行日

no.12, pp.101-116, 2012-03

著者

群馬県埋蔵文化財調査事業団編

出版者

群馬県埋蔵文化財調査事業団

巻号頁・発行日

2014

著者

武中 駿 中川 和道 足利 裕人 竹谷 篤

出版者

一般社団法人 日本物理学会

雑誌

日本物理学会講演概要集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, 2014

著者

山本 逸郎 遠藤 聖奈

出版者

弘前大学教育学部

雑誌

弘前大学教育学部紀要 (ISSN:04391713)

巻号頁・発行日

no.113, pp.47-56, 2015-03-27

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教員免許状更新講習「理科を苦手とする教員のための小学校物理実験」を受講した延べ286名の小学校教員に理科の実験でうまくいかなかったことを具体的に記入してもらったところ,4学年の「水の沸騰の実験」と「水が氷になる実験」に関する記述数が全学年の実験の中で圧倒的に多いことがわかった。それらの記述の内訳は,前者の実験では「水の沸点が100℃にならない」が,後者の実験では「水が過冷却する」が最も多く挙げられていた。本研究では,これら2つの実験について詳しい測定を行い,実験条件を変えたときに測定結果がどう変わるのか議論する。

著者

武中 駿 中川 和道

出版者

日本物理教育学会

雑誌

物理教育学会年会物理教育研究大会予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, pp.57-58, 2014

著者

Steeb W.-H. Kunick A. Strampp W.

出版者

一般社団法人 日本物理学会

雑誌

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan (ISSN:00319015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.8, pp.2649-2653, 1983

被引用文献数

16

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To find integrable and nonintegrable regions of the Rikitake two disc dynamo system we investigate its Painlev&eacute; property. This means we perform a singular point analysis. This analysis gives us a hint where global constants of motion exist. We also investigate related systems.

著者

渡部 貴志 藤井 力 家藤 治幸 北本 宏子

出版者

Brewing Society of Japan

雑誌

日本醸造協会誌 (ISSN:09147314)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, no.2, pp.82-88, 2014 (Released:2018-02-16)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1

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焼酎蒸留粕の有効かつ効率的な処理技術の確立は,過去20年以上にわたり業界の最重要課題である。筆者らは,酵母を用いた排水処理法という日本発信の技術をベースにして,飼料用酵母Candida utilisによる焼酎蒸留粕排水の窒素除去と資源化の検討を進めている。生物処理は課題が多いが,各種酵母を用いて窒素除去能強化方法の有効性について評価し最適化処理を探っていく手法は,興味深い知見と示唆を与えるものであり,今後の進展に期待したい。

著者

増田 光弘 南 清和 増田 光一 居駒 知樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本船舶海洋工学会

雑誌

日本船舶海洋工学会論文集 (ISSN:18803717)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.61-68, 2014 (Released:2014-08-28)

参考文献数

13

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When the tsunami attacks in harbors, the vessels moored at a wharf may be unable to be evacuated. For example, it may happen the situations that the vessel is under cargo handling, the vessel has no crew or only foreign crew without knowledge of tsunami. In such a case, the following damages are assumed; breaking the mooring tether, grounding on a wharf, drifting to land areas and destroying buildings. This present paper describes the tsunami simulation and the motion analysis of vessel moored at a wharf using the MPS method (Moving Particle Semi-implicit method).In this research, the 3D-MPS method is applied. The chart of break of mooring tethers was created. The wave height of tsunami, draft of vessels and the relation of the break of the mooring tether were shown by the chart of break of mooring tethers. Then, the chart of break of mooring tethers is proposed for various scale of tsunami including the effect of incident angle of the mooring tether can be easily estimated against to the scale of tsunami and mooring system.

著者

増田 光弘 南 清和 増田 光一 居駒 知樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本船舶海洋工学会

雑誌

日本船舶海洋工学会論文集 (ISSN:18803717)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.183-190, 2017 (Released:2017-09-06)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

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When tsunami attacks a harbor, the vessels moored at the wharf are exposed to a risk. For example, the following damages are assumed; breaking the mooring tether, grounding on a wharf, drifting to land areas and destroying buildings. In the previous report, the motion analysis of mooring vessels in tsunamis and the usefulness of tsunami protection measures by the install more mooring tethers (IMMT) was described using the MPS method. The incident wave angles of tsunami were used the 0 degrees (longitudinal wave) and 90 degrees (Transverse wave). For any incident angles, IMMT was effective. However, in the case of transverse wave of wave height 6.0m or more, it is possible to prevent the break of the mooring tethers, but it was confirmed that the vessels damaged by the grounding on a wharf. In the case of longitudinal wave, IMMT confirmed that it did not affect in some cases. It is influenced by the direction the mooring tether pulls. When the vessel moves, there are mooring tethers that are pulled or slacked. As a result, the mooring force does not act equally on the mooring tethers. Also, as an issue of existing papers, studies on oblique waves were not done. It is important to solve these issues.In this present paper, the influence of the oblique wave is studied. The extent of damage of longitudinal waves, transverse waves and oblique waves are compared through a numerical simulation method, the 3D MPS method. The 3D MPS method is used for numerical simulation. In this paper, quaternion is applied to the algorithm of rotational motion of the floating model. Furthermore, a more effective mooring method for longitudinal wave is proposed, and its effectiveness is demonstrated.

著者

佐々木 勝浩

出版者

国立科学博物館

雑誌

Bulletin of the National Science Museum. Series E, Physical sciences & engineering (ISSN:03878511)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, pp.21-31, 2003-12

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Rokoku is the water clock used in ancient China, and the origin goes back to thousands years ago. The multistage type Rokoku which has several vessels as the typical form can be mentioned, and the first vessels is for water supply, the middle vessels are for control of flow rate of water, and the last vessel is for time measurement. The last vessel has a float with the time scale which we can read and know time. Although researches of J. Needham or D. Price were known, the sufficient interpretation about the accuracy and the usage of Rokoku as a clock was not carried out. In this research, first the physical character of a single vessel was observed, subsequently the change of the water level of each vessel was calculated numerically, and then the static and dynamic characteristics of Rokoku were examined. Consequently, in multistage type Rokoku it was able to confirm that the vessels play an important role in controle of a water flow, a fixed quantity of water is supplied periodically when actual using, for example 2 times everyday (in the morning and in the evening), and in the case of that sufficient accuracy is secured, etc.

著者

深谷 庄一

出版者

[防衛大学校]

雑誌

防衛大学校紀要. 社会科学分冊 (ISSN:09119000)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, pp.39-68, 2013-03