著者
大塚 勲 オオツカ イサオ Ohtsuka Isao
出版者
熊本大学
雑誌
熊本大学社会文化研究 (ISSN:1348530X)
巻号頁・発行日
no.15, pp.51-70, 2017

This paper presents that expansion of government bonds in the late 1970s was caused bya control of the former Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka. The government budgeted 2 trillionyen for revenue generated by the government bonds in the 1975 fiscal year and 15.3 trillionyen in the 1979 fiscal year. They expanded to 7.65 times in only four years. The budgets wereformulated according to an economic plan developed in 1976. Although the plan controlled thebudget inflation, the government depended on the government bonds because of shortage of taxrevenue. As a result, the government bonds expanded rapidly but the plan was realized. Theeconomic plan was formulated in the Takeo Miki Cabinet, not in the Tanaka Cabinet. However,the plan was in accordance with part of a 10 year economic plan which was examined but notdeveloped by Tanaka cabinet. Mr. Tanaka controlled the budgets in order to realize the planin the Tanaka Cabinet. As a result, government bonds were the inflated in the late 1970s. Thepaper therefore concludes that we should call them Tanaka government bonds policy.
著者
藤本 哲男
出版者
日本運動生理学会
雑誌
日本運動生理学雑誌 (ISSN:13403036)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, no.2, pp.161-166, 1997-08-30

The purpose of this experiment was to test whether a mechanical circulatory simulator (MCS), which has been developed in order to evaluate characteristics of artificial organs, could be used to simulate exercise stress tests. The MCS consists of an atrium, an aorta and a ventricle which is driven by a DC motor. It is important to reproduce natural hemodynamic conditions in the MCS. At first, a computational simulation model, which can simulate natural circulatory reactions to exercise stress tests, was developed. Utilizing an algorithm in the model, a blood pressure control system was installed in the MCS. A personal computer used aortic pressure feedback to calculate proper cardiac output, heart rate and total peripheral resistance to control the MCS. Hemodynamic data including aortic pressure, heart rate, cardiac output and total peripheral resistance obtained in the MCS was similar to that from exercise stress tests conducted on a goat using a treadmill (3.2km/h). As a result, the new MCS, with the blood pressure control system, is now considered more effective than previous simulators in exercise stress testing for the aged.
著者
長谷川 岳男
出版者
日本西洋古典学会
雑誌
西洋古典学研究 (ISSN:04479114)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.42, pp.79-89, 1994-03-28 (Released:2017-05-23)

The nature of assemblies convened at the synodoi and the synkletoi in the second century B. C. is one of the most inextricable questions in the study of political organizations in the Achaian Confederacy. This is because Polybios' descriptions on the Achaian Confederacy are replete with contradictions. This paper investigated the question above by re-examining the evidence concerning Achaian assemblies. It is generally accepted that the synodos and the synkletos are not terms indicating the bodies of the assemblies. "Synodos" merely means a regular meeting, held four times a year, while "synkletos" means a specially summoned extraordinary meeting. Many scholars have thought that a primary assembly had been originally convened and resolved all subjects in the synodoi, but after regulations were introduced in the late third century B. C. which forbade summoning the primary assembly except for special subjects, e. g. alliance, war or written communications from the Roman Senate, the synkletos was created to deal with important subjects and the synodos began to deal only with routine subjects. This assumption is mainly based on Polybios' description of the synkletos held in Sikyon in 169 B. C. His writings indicate that this synkletos was assembled to discuss military aid to Egypt after an appeal that it was illegal to discuss this subject in the synodos was made. The synkletos was opened not only to the boule but also to all citizens over thirty. Based on this information, the synkletos was generally regarded as a primary assembly which dealt with special subjects. If, however, a primary assembly was convened in the synkletos, two problems arise. First, the membership of this meeting excluded citizens in their twenties and those serving in the Achaian army. This contradicts several passages which imply that the Achaian army occasionaly acted as the equivalent of an assembly. Therefore, it was not an ekklesia that was summoned in the synkletos. Second, military aid was not a subject which required summoning the primary assembly(cf. XXVII. 2. 11-12). Furthermore, several kinds of assemblies could be specially summoned. In concluson, "synkletos" referred not only to a specially summoned primary assembly but also to all kinds of assemblies which were specially summoned (i. e. in the Greek original sense). Therefore, another explanation is required for Polybios' description that the synkletos was specially held in Sikyon. For this purpose, the synodos in the second century B. C. should be examined. Many studies have centered on the synodos and attempted to prove that a specific assembly, either a boule or an ekklesia, was convened in every synodos. Unless, however, one abandons this preconceived idea that earlier scholars have had, the contradictions between the two types of synodoi, a boule and an ekklesia that were mentioned in Polybios' descriptions, are inextricable. By careful examination of the descriptions, it is evident that an ekklesia convened in the synodos dealt with subjects prescribed by the regulations mentioned above to be resolved by an ekklesia, while boulai convened in synodoi dealt with subjects which were not prescribed by the regulations. Besides, Polybios' narrative on the synodoi implies that the magistrates were summoned before a synodos to discuss the subject. In conclusion, one can say that the federal magistrates chose the body of the assembly according to the subject to be dealt with by each synodos as well as by each synkletos. This assumption explains why the synodos held in 168 B. C. could not deal with military aid for Egypt. Since the magistrates summoned an ekklesia in this synodos disregarding that this subject could not be discussed in an ekklesia, a synkletos was specially convened in Sikyon to discuss the matter. One concludes upon these re-examinations that the Achaian assemblies,(View PDF for the rest of the abstract.)
著者
Hitomi ODA Akihiro MORI Satoko ISHII Saori SHONO Eri ONOZAWA Toshinori SAKO
出版者
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.17-0714, (Released:2018-10-11)
被引用文献数
8

Insulin degludec (IDeg) is a new insulin formulation that facilitates long-term control of glucose level in humans. In this study, we investigated the effects of IDeg on glycemic control in dogs. Its time-action profiles were monitored in healthy dogs using an artificial pancreas apparatus under euglycemic conditions. At 9.0–13.5 hr post-IDeg injection, an indistinct peak of glucose level was detected. Moreover, the action of IDeg was persistent for >20 hr. Both IDeg and neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin (NPH) lowered blood glucose concentrations in diabetic dogs, but IDeg caused postprandial hyperglycemia and a somewhat lower preprandial glucose level than that caused by NPH. IDeg might be ineffective in concurrently preventing postprandial hyperglycemia and preprandial hypoglycemia in a single-agent administration.
著者
Yusuke WADA Shunsuke NOGUCHI Hiromitsu SASAKI Ai TAKETOMI Mizuho HAMAKAWA Shunsuke SHIMAMURA Terumasa SHIMADA
出版者
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.18-0347, (Released:2018-10-11)
被引用文献数
6

Canine nasal carcinomas are often treated with radiotherapy. Presence of lysis of the cribriform plate by tumor invasion (stage 4 by modified Adams’s staging system) is a well-known prognostic factor. In this study, dogs with stage 4 disease were divided into two subgroups based on the presence or absence of midline shift of the olfactory or frontal lobes of the brain (Stage 4a: without presence of midline shift. Stage 4b: with midline shift). The median survival time of dogs with midline shift was significantly shorter than that of dogs without midline shift (64 days vs. 208 days). Our results indicate that the finding of a midline shift might have a prognostic significance in dogs with nasal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy.

1 0 0 0 OA 攝津徴書

著者
[浅井幽清] [編]
巻号頁・発行日
vol.巻23-24, 1800
著者
内村 和至
出版者
明治大学文芸研究会
雑誌
文芸研究 : 明治大学文学部紀要 (ISSN:03895882)
巻号頁・発行日
no.119, pp.27-53, 2013

「万国旗本」とは、私が仮に名付けたもので、学術用語ではない。言う心は、「幕末、外国船来航に沸き立つ時期に編纂された、世界の国旗・都市旗・軍艦旗・商船旗などを記載した本」の意である。と言っても、私は、文化史的観点から「万国旗本」そのものを研究対象としているわけではない。本稿の目的は、幕末戯作研究のかたわら管見に入った数冊の「万国旗本」に触れつつ、その背景をなす時勢や人間関係を瞥見することである。わずか数冊の「万国旗本」を通しても、幕末の時代風景は垣間見えてくるからである。しかし、それでもなお、「万国旗本」なる定義は、研究の立場としては傍系的に過ぎるであろう。本来、これらは幕末維新史研究もしくは近世地理学史研究の文脈に置かれるべきものである。
著者
杉山 卓
出版者
自動制御連合講演会
雑誌
自動制御連合講演会講演論文集 第54回自動制御連合講演会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.72, 2011 (Released:2012-03-09)

この文書は、2010年大学ロボコンにおける金沢工業大学の手動ロボットについて紹介している。金沢工業大学、夢考房ロボットプロジェクトは1996年に発足以来現在までNHK大学ロボコンに参加し2007年、2010年に優勝している。特に手動ロボットの完成度が高く、自動ロボットのミスをもカバーできる程の機動力や得点力を持っている。そこで、手動ロボットについて紹介することで、強さの秘訣を知ることが出来れば、今後大学ロボコンで結果を出すことが容易にあると考えられる。
著者
古川 康一 升田 俊樹 西山 武繁
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会全国大会論文集 第25回全国大会(2011)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.3D2OS89, 2011 (Released:2018-07-30)

チェロのスピッカート奏法は、ブランコ漕ぎやバスケットボールのドリブルのような、周期的に外力を与えて振動を持続させる強制振動の一種であるが、その習得は容易ではない。本論文では、文献のサーベイ、メタ認知、力学モデル、着眼点の発見、あるいは、専門家との意見交換などが本スキルの習得にどのように貢献したかについて論じる。また、その習得過程のビデオによる記録について考察する。

1 0 0 0 OA 天明令典永鑑

出版者
巻号頁・発行日
vol.[32],
著者
曾根 三千彦
出版者
一般社団法人 日本耳科学会
雑誌
Otology Japan (ISSN:09172025)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.2, pp.130-134, 2010 (Released:2011-07-08)
参考文献数
13

胃食道逆流症(GERD)と誘因不明な成人滲出性中耳炎(OME)症例との因果関係について検討した結果、GERD症状を有する症例の中耳貯留液中のペプシノーゲン(PG)濃度は、症状を有しない症例に比し高値例の割合が高いこと、症状を有する症例では両側性のOMEが高率である事が判明した。GERDとの関連を強く疑ったOME 症例では、プロトンポンプ阻害剤(PPI)投与後症状の改善と貯留液中PG濃度の低下、OME治癒に有効な症例も認められた。GERD有症率は病院受診者に比べて診療所受診患者により高い傾向があった。PPI反応不良例の中には高濃度のビリルビンや胆汁酸が認められた症例も存在し、PPI内服に加えてGERDに対する生活指導がOME治癒に有効である事も確認された。以上の事から従来の治療法に抵抗する誘因不明のOMEに対して、十二指腸・胃逆流を考慮した対応も選択する必要があると思われる。
著者
吉倉 真 城田 五郎 近藤 照義
出版者
Arachnological Society of Japan
雑誌
Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.Specialnumber, pp.199-208, 1977 (Released:2007-03-29)
参考文献数
4
被引用文献数
1 1

1. 産卵後一両日中にウヅキコモリグモの持っている卵嚢を取り除いたら, 3週間ほどで再び産卵した. 初回の産卵数は平均約50個, 次回のそれは約33個であった.2. 卵嚢保持個体における肥大卵母細胞の大きさは, 産卵後約4週間で直径約184μに達したものもあったが, 排卵したものはなかった. 産卵後一両日中に卵嚢を除去したものでは, 産卵後約4週間で肥大卵母細胞は直径約476μに達したものがあり, 直径450μ以上のものは排卵されていた.3. 卵核胞は卵細胞の成長とともに大きくなる. 直径約40μの卵細胞において直径約33μであるが, 排卵までに直径約67μに達する.4. 卵黄核も卵細胞の成長とともにある程度大きくなる. 卵細胞の直径70-90μで, その直径平均約23μであるが, それ以後排卵までその大きさにとどまる.5. 卵黄粒は卵細胞の直径約150μ以上で形成され, 卵細胞の成長とともに大きさを増す. 排卵時, 最大のものの直径約35μ, 産出卵において最大のものの直径約56μであった.6. 卵巣には初回産卵後, なお平均150個ほどの卵緒を有する卵細胞が残されている. 卵嚢が除去されると, それらのうちあるものが急速に成長し成熟する.7. 退化卵細胞は産卵直後には十数個あるも, 次第に吸収され, 3-4週間後にはほとんどなくなる.