著者
徳富猪一郎 著
出版者
民友社
巻号頁・発行日
vol.第24 松平定信時代, 1940
著者
古澤 勝 永井 護
出版者
Japan Society of Civil Engineers
雑誌
土木計画学研究・論文集 (ISSN:09134034)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, pp.187-194, 1989-12-01 (Released:2010-06-04)
参考文献数
15

The Nikko highway is famous for its avenue of cedar trees. But more than a hundred trees wither a year and the number has a tendancy to increase year by year. We think that the program to protect them need to be intensified more perfectly. The content are as follows.(1) Through historical review of material on the management of the Nikko highway, we point out problems on the protective policy of them.(2) Analisys is done to clarify the relation between the number of withered trees and environments of the road and the roadside.(3) From the result we recommdnd programs to protect them.

1 0 0 0 OA 日本考古学

著者
八木奘三郎 著
出版者
嵩山房
巻号頁・発行日
1926
著者
村岡 健一 吉田 哲 長谷川 和正 中西 信夫 福沢 勲 冨田 昭雄 丁 宗鐵
出版者
和漢医薬学会
雑誌
和漢医薬学雑誌 (ISSN:13406302)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.1, pp.30-37, 2003
参考文献数
19
被引用文献数
2

In this study, using dogs as experimental models, we observed body temperature rise following administration of "Kakkon-to" preparation, and investigated the average number of macrophages and average rate of phagocytosis of macrophages in blood using the latex microparticles. The body temperature of the Kakkon-to-treated dogs significantly increased 30 minutes after administration (p<0.05). After that, the body temperature was still high until the next administration at 8 hours. When the difference in body temperature before and after administration was compared with that of the control group, a significant in crease was maintained from 1 to 12 hours after administration. The phagocytotic activity of macrophages was also increased. The average number and the average rate of phagocytosis were significantly increased 1 (p<0.05) and 2 (p<0.01) hours after administration, respectively, in comparison with the activity before administration. The significant increases (p<0.01) in both the number and the rate of phagocytosis were continuously found at every measurement point from 2 to 24 hours after administration. In addition, when compared with the control group, the test group showed a significant administration in both the number and the rate of phagocytosis at 3 hours after administration (p<0.01). These results demonstrated that administration of "Kakkon-to" not only increased the body temperature but also enhanced the phagocytic activity of macrophages, the in vivo defensive factors, suggesting that "Kakkon-to" may contribute to the suppression of multiplication of common cold viruses and influenza viruses, which consequently results in improvement of various symptoms during infection with common cold syndrome.
著者
李 夫平
出版者
山口大学大学院東アジア研究科
雑誌
東アジア研究 (ISSN:13479415)
巻号頁・発行日
no.15, pp.167-179, 2017-03

自然音の模倣として言語へ導入される擬声語には歴史的な変遷における語音、語形、語義の変化が生じると考えられる。中国語の擬声語の場合、語音、語形、語義の変化によって通用語や多義語となる現象が見られる。擬声語を共通語の標準に合わせるには擬声語の用字、発音と意味などの要素を考えなければならないため、それらの要素の歴史的な変化状況を調べる必要がある。本論では、「吧」を取り上げ、単音節擬声語の「吧」と「吧」を第一字とする多音節擬声語の歴史的な変化を考察した。結論として、「吧」のような単音節擬声語でも「吧」を含む多音節擬声語でも、通用語などの現象がよく見られる。従って、歴史的な言語の変化に伴って、擬声語の意味などの面で、時代により変化した傾向が見られる。また、変化の過程で通用語現象なども生じるため、擬声語の使用の規則性を見ることは難しい。
著者
伊勢崎 賢治 岩崎 稔 宮城 徹 Mohamed Abdin 福田 彩 池田 満
出版者
東京外国語大学
雑誌
基盤研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2015-07-10

現在「過激化」は、安全保障、国際政治、教育、心理学の重大な学術的焦点である。「過激化」は対称性において分析される。インドではカシミールにおいてムスリム若年層の過激化の一方、ヒンドゥー至上主義を支持層とする政権による同若年層の凶暴化が建国の理想である多元民主主義を脅かす。スリランカでは反イスラムの教義化が多数派仏教徒を暴徒化させる。宗教を国家の求心力の要としてきたパキスタンではテロ化に収束の兆しはない。バングラディッシュでもISISの浸透が国家権力への脅威になる。本事業は「過激化」の歴史的分析、アクター、それらが発する言説の分析、そして「脱過激化」への処方箋における当該国の最新の叡智を結集した。
著者
野末 はつみ 島田 葵 谷口 彬雄 野末 雅之
出版者
日本生物環境工学会
雑誌
植物環境工学 (ISSN:18802028)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.22, no.2, pp.81-87, 2010-06-01 (Released:2010-06-01)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
5 12

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have proven to be popular as a light source for growing plants because of their longevity and good usability. A characteristic feature of LEDs is their use of a single colored chip that can be digitally controlled in large numbers. This functional advantage of LEDs is useful in controlling the wavelength and intensity of light to suit the growth conditions of plants. Many experimental trials have used LEDs for improving the growth, quality, and storage of plants, as well as controlling their flowering. Published data indicate that some plants are highly responsive to the colour and quantity of LED light. Therefore, we constructed an LED unit with control modules that make it possible to schedule variations in light quality and quantity to maximize plant growth. We provide an outline of the components and structure of the system and describe its potential uses. The ultimate objective of this work is to develop individual schedules for the light source that are suitable for growing different vegetables. The results of growth experiments using the system indicate the potential of the digital control of LED light in improving plant productivity.
著者
高倉 喜信
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.116, no.7, pp.519-532, 1996-07-25 (Released:2008-05-30)
参考文献数
59
被引用文献数
5 7

With a rapid progress in biotechnology, a variety of endogenous macromolecular substances have become a novel class of therapeutic agents. This review will focus on the development of delivery systems for macromolecular drugs. Current status and future perspectives in this research field are reviewed mainly based on the results obtained in our laboratory. First of all, we studied pharmacokinetic characteristics of macromolecules in relation to their physicochemical properties such as molecular weight and electric charge. Based on this information, we first developed macromolecular prodrugs as a delivery system for low molecular weight drugs. An antitumor antibiotic, mitomycin C (MMC) were covalently conjugated with dextran and various types of macromolecular prodrug of MMC were developed for tumor targeting. Secondly, delivery systems for protein drugs such as soybean trypsin inhibitor, uricase, and recombinant superoxide dismutase (SOD) were developed. In particular, successful targeting of SOD to the liver, kidney and blood circulation was achieved by chemical modification of the protein drug. Finally, we have been trying to develop delivery systems for nucleic acid drugs involving antisense oligonucleotides and plasmid DNA. Prior to the development of delivery systems, we found that the pharmacokinetics of the nucleic acid drugs are decided by their physicochemical properties as polyanions even if these materials contain genetic information. Several approaches were tested to control the in vivo behavior of the oligonucleotides and plasmid DNA based on the finding. Thus, we have established the strategy for rational design of delivery systems for various types of macromolecular drugs based on the pharmacokinetic considerations. This methodology can be a formidable tool for the development of clinically applicable macromolecular drugs.

1 0 0 0 OA 文化武鑑

出版者
千鐘房須原屋茂兵衛
巻号頁・発行日
vol.[3], 1806

1 0 0 0 OA 源氏物語

著者
紫式部
出版者
林和泉掾
巻号頁・発行日
vol.[26], 1660
著者
瀬藤 康嗣 丹羽 順子
出版者
Japan Association for Cultural Economics
雑誌
文化経済学 (ISSN:13441442)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, no.4, pp.43-56, 2005-09-30 (Released:2009-12-08)
参考文献数
68

インターネット時代に適合した音楽著作物のビジネスモデルの提案を行う。そのため、著作権の中でも財産権よりも人格権を優先する『弱い著作権』の可能性について検討を行った。その結果、『弱い著作権』の音楽情報財を無償で流通すると、著作権の『弱さ』ゆえに容易かつ広範囲に流通するのでプロモーション効果が上がり、またコンサートなどの補完財との抱き合わせにより収益をあげられることを確認した。