著者
金澤 敬
出版者
Japan Cartographers Association
雑誌
地図 (ISSN:00094897)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.1, pp.13-20, 2000-03-30 (Released:2011-07-19)
参考文献数
16
著者
東宮 昭彦
出版者
特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会
雑誌
火山 (ISSN:04534360)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.2, pp.281-294, 2016-06-30 (Released:2016-09-12)
参考文献数
105

Recent developments in the understanding of magma chambers (reservoirs), pre-eruptive magma processes, and the conditions that lead to volcanic eruptions are reviewed mainly from a petrological point of view. A “magma reservoir” consists of inner “magma chamber (s)” filled with eruptible magma containing less than ca. 50% crystal, and outer “mush” region with more than ca. 50% crystal. Most of magma reservoirs are in a state of mush, so that “rejuvenation” or “remobilization” is necessary before eruption. Magma can erupt if its viscosity is less than ca. 106 Pa s. More viscous magma can erupt only after a precursory eruption of less viscous magma, such as a hybrid magma between the viscous magma and a less viscous mafic magma. In this context, pre-eruptive magma viscosity, i.e. magma viscosity at the magma reservoir, is an important measure to evaluate magma eruptibility. Dating for whole mineral or even its local point (e.g., zircon age) and diffusion analysis for various types of minerals (e.g., magnetite, olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase) have revealed timescales of pre-eruptive magma processes. Eruption triggers, such as injection of high-temperature magma, are inferred to occur days to months before the eruption in many cases. Magma residence times, during which the magmas are in eruptible conditions, are years to decades for typical magma systems, but may reach hundreds of thousand years for large caldera systems.
著者
北岡 明佳
出版者
日本視覚学会
雑誌
VISION (ISSN:09171142)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.3, pp.79-80, 2022-07-20 (Released:2022-07-25)
参考文献数
6
著者
天野 由紀 西脇 祐司
出版者
日本衛生学会
雑誌
日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.68, no.3, pp.168-174, 2013 (Released:2013-09-28)
参考文献数
7
被引用文献数
9

Background: Eyelash extensions involve the attachment of synthetic eyelashes made of chemical fibers or other materials individually onto natural lashes. However, there are no uniform or well-established guidelines for this procedure. Consultations with ophthalmologists and local consumer centers regarding eyelash-extension-related skin and eye disorders have been increasing yearly throughout Japan. This study was conducted to obtain epidemiologic data on eyelash extensions and their related health problems among the Japanese. Methods: A web-based survey was prepared and conducted with questions regarding the basic characteristics of the study participants, their experience with eyelash extensions (including the number of procedures, frequency of extension, year of first extension, and years since the first extension), and any extension-related health problems. Data from 2000 women, aged 15 to 59 years and randomly selected from across the country in accordance with the demographic composition of Japan, were included in the analysis. Results: In total, 205 (10.3%) respondents reported having experienced eyelash extensions (average, 6.2 procedures; median, 3.0), with a peak among those aged 25 to 29 years and a larger proportion of those living in urban areas than in rural areas. Of these women, 55 (26.8%) experienced health problems such as ocular hyperemia, pain, and itchy swollen eyelids. Multivariate analysis revealed that short intervals of extensions were associated with health problems (multiadjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval); 2.88 (1.09–7.61)). Conclusions: Eyelash extensions are a popular procedure, especially among urban, young women. However, attention must be paid to the potential health risks of the procedure.
著者
野田 聖子 山田 麻子 中岡 加奈絵 五関‐曽根 正江
出版者
Japan Society of Nutrition and Food Science
雑誌
日本栄養・食糧学会誌 (ISSN:02873516)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.71, no.1, pp.21-29, 2018 (Released:2018-03-01)
参考文献数
38
被引用文献数
1

アルカリホスファターゼ (ALP) はリン酸モノエステルを加水分解する酵素であり, 小腸に局在する小腸型ALPは食事性因子との関わりが大きいが, その生理機能は未だ不明な点が多い。本研究では, ヒト結腸癌由来細胞で, 培養後に小腸上皮様細胞に分化するCaco-2細胞を用いて, ビタミンDがALP発現および腸の分化マーカーである加水分解酵素の発現に及ぼす影響について検討を行った。コンフルエント後14日間培養し, Caco-2細胞にビタミンDを添加した結果, 添加後3, 5, 7日目において1,25-ジヒドロキシビタミンD3濃度100 nMのALP活性およびヒト小腸型ALP遺伝子のmRNA発現量が0 nMと比べて有意に高値を示した。一方, スクラーゼ・イソマルターゼの遺伝子発現はビタミンDにより増強されなかった。本研究において, ヒト小腸上皮様細胞でのビタミンDによる小腸型ALP発現の増強作用を示すことができ, 小腸型ALP発現調節を介したビタミンDの新たな生理機能の解明につながることが期待された。
著者
吉松 博信
出版者
一般社団法人 日本内科学会
雑誌
日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.100, no.4, pp.917-927, 2011 (Released:2013-04-10)
参考文献数
10
被引用文献数
6 2

肥満症治療では食事・運動療法が用いられる.しかしその実行と継続は困難で,リバウンドすることも多い.肥満を助長する因子は過食や運動不足以外にも数多く存在する.したがって,肥満症患者一般ではなく,患者固有の問題点をそのライフスタイルの中から抽出し,治療に応用する行動療法的アプローチが必要になる.エネルギーバランスの是正だけでなく,ライフスタイルそのものが変容することで,減量とその長期維持が可能になる.

16 0 0 0 OA 大日本地誌大系

著者
雄山閣編輯局 編
出版者
雄山閣
巻号頁・発行日
vol.第36巻, 1933

16 0 0 0 知性

出版者
知性社
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, no.4, 1955-04
著者
Song-Gyu RA Hironari NAKAGAWA Yuki TOMIGA Hiroki IIZAWA Shihoko NAKASHIMA Yasuki HIGAKI Kentaro KAWANAKA
出版者
Center for Academic Publications Japan
雑誌
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.68, no.4, pp.243-249, 2022-08-31 (Released:2022-08-31)
参考文献数
32
被引用文献数
1

We examined the effects of dietary vitamin D deficiency on markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics in rat soleus muscle. Male Wistar rats were fed a chow with no vitamin D (No-D; 0 IU/kg) or a moderate dose (Mod-D; 2,000 IU/kg) of vitamin D chow for 8 wk. Compared to the Mod-D group, at 8 wk the No-D group showed significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels. Although vitamin D deficiency had no effect on body composition, the No-D rats showed significantly decreased levels of PGC-1α, a marker of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, and DRP1, a marker of skeletal muscle mitochondrial fission. The change in the PGC-1α protein expression and the serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly correlated. The change in DRP1 protein expression and the serum 25(OH)D concentrations tended to be correlated. There was no significant between-group difference in markers of mitochondrial fusion (MFN2 and OPA1) and mitophagy (PARKIN) in soleus muscle, and no relationship with serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Collectively our findings suggest that dietary vitamin D deficiency decreased PGC-1α and DRP1 protein expression in rat soleus muscle.
著者
髙根 雄也
出版者
安全工学会
雑誌
安全工学 (ISSN:05704480)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.1, pp.7-14, 2018-02-15 (Released:2018-02-15)
参考文献数
39
被引用文献数
1

近年,気候変動に関連し世界中で猛暑が頻発しており,これらの猛暑の発生頻度は今後ますます増加すると予測されている.猛暑は人間健康や電力需要,農業等へ悪影響をもたらすため,これらの具体的な対策を立てる必要がある.そのためには猛暑の特徴を理解することが望ましい.そこで本稿では近年国内で発生した地域スケールの猛暑の特徴について解説する.
著者
柏元 功太郎
出版者
公益社団法人 日本造園学会
雑誌
ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.15, pp.8-20, 2022-06-18 (Released:2022-07-27)
参考文献数
86

‘Utamakura’ are well-known sights in ancient Japanese literature, and are typical of Japanese traditional landscapes. In early modern times, people rarely knew their exact location. Tatsuta is a famous ‘Utamakura’ in Nara prefecture where many people link it with the image of beautiful ‘Momiji,’ maples with red leaves. This paper aims to consider how the landscape of ‘Tatsuta’ was comprehended through analyzing the descriptions of the travelogues in early modern times. Travelers evaluated the landscapes based on the image of the literature, but they often indicated that real landscapes were different from the images in the literatures. In early modern times, there were still traditions and natural features concerned with literature in Tatsuta, which were thought to be made by villagers based on the literatures, and they affected how travelers comprehended landscapes. For example, it was not until villagers planted maples, that travelers began to enjoy real maples on the Tatsuta River. Travelers comprehended the landscape of Tatsuta through overlapping the knowledge of ancient literatures, which have been transmitted in different ways in early modern times, with the real world. This paper is significant in that it leads a better understanding of the traditional Japanese view of landscape and the process of its formation.
著者
根元 裕樹 中山 大地 松山 洋
出版者
公益社団法人 日本地理学会
雑誌
地理学評論 Series A (ISSN:18834388)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.84, no.6, pp.553-571, 2011-11-01 (Released:2016-09-29)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
3 6

山梨県甲府盆地の西部,釜無川と御勅使川の合流部付近には信玄堤と呼ばれる治水施設群がある.信玄堤に関する歴史的研究では,近世以降に築かれた可能性や,自然に起こった流路変遷を固定化するための工事であるという見解が示されてきた.しかしながら,自然科学的研究は少ないため,本研究では洪水氾濫シミュレーションを行って,これらの治水能力を再評価した.現在の地形をスムージングした地形に各施設(石積出,白根将棋頭,竜岡将棋頭,堀切,竜王川除,かすみ堤)を配置し,dynamic wave model による御勅使川の洪水氾濫シミュレーションを行った.その結果,御勅使川の過去の流路が再現され,各治水施設が及ぼす影響を確認できた.これによると,石積出→白根将棋頭→堀切→高岩(岩壁)→竜王川除という順に設置されなければ,信玄堤は有効に機能しない.つまり,これらの施設は近世より前に短期間のうちに意図的に築かれた可能性が高く,既存の歴史的研究成果とは異なる結果が得られた.