著者
内藤 正和
出版者
同志社大学
巻号頁・発行日
2021-03-21

Doctor of Philosophy in Policy and Management
著者
村山 盛葦 Moriyoshi Murayama
出版者
基督教研究会
雑誌
基督教研究 (ISSN:03873080)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.77, no.1, pp.25-41, 2015-06

パウロとガラテヤ人との信頼関係は、おもに「十字架につけられたキリスト」の提示、聖霊受容(洗礼体験)、そしてパウロの疾患に対するガラテヤ人の対処を通して築かれた(ガラ3:1-5; 4:12-15)。本小論は、これらの出来事を古代の宗教的感性(密儀宗教、邪視信仰)や古代の人間論(プネウマ理解、視覚理解)の観点から考察する。この考察を通して本小論は、これらの体験が現代人が想像する以上に具体性と身体性がともなっていたことを明らにする。すなわち、「十字架につけられたキリスト」の提示は、パウロの風貌と外見を実見する視覚的経験であり、聖霊受容は、「力動的実在」である聖霊が関与する、継続した身体的活動であった。そしてパウロの疾患は、ガラテヤ人に深刻な恐怖を与え、さげすみと唾棄に相当するものであったが、ガラテヤ人はパウロを「神の使い」、「キリスト・イエス」でもあるかのように受け入れた。このようなガラテヤ人がのちに論敵に説得され割礼を受けたことは、パウロに驚きとショック、そして怒りをもたらしたのであった。A good relationship between Paul and the Galatians was established mainly through Paul's display of the crucified Christ, the Galatians' reception of the Spirit (baptismal ritual), and the Galatians' response to Paul's illness (Gal 3:1–5; 4:12–15). This article investigates these issues in light of ancient religious ethos (in particular, mysticism and the evil eye) and ancient anthropology (in particular, pneuma–theory and sight). This investigation shows that these experiences were more corporeal and physical than modern people believe them to be. The crucified Christ was displayed in the scars and disfigurements left on Paul's body. The reception of the Spirit (a dynamic entity) involved ongoing corporeal activities in the initiate's body. Paul's illness caused the Galatians serious fear and might seem to deserve contempt and spitting; however, they welcomed him as an angel of God, as Christ Jesus. Such Galatians were later persuaded by Paul's opponents to be circumcised, which indeed evoked Paul's shock and anger.論文(Article)
著者
古賀 行義
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, no.5, pp.953-977, 1934

(I) The term attitude has been used in various different meanings, but here I take it provisionally as the sum-total that a man feels, thinks and want to do. And from the statistical point of view, I dealt with opinions as it seems to be the verbal expression of attitude. What we measure out from these opinions will have something to do with attitudes, though we know a man's opinion may in some special situations be distorted from his attitude. As attitude is so complex a thing as it can never be measured with a single index, we must remember that what we do is only an aspect of it and therefore an abstraction. This measurment of attitudes towards sport will consist a part of the study of social attitudes, in youth, which I project to complete in future. As for the method of measurement I owed much to the honourab e work of L. L. Thurstone.<BR>(II) Having prepared 75 opinions which may or may not be justitled in accordance with attitudes towards sport, I laid them out to about 40 college students and asked to classify into 11 piles by their own merit for sport, and thus I selected 20 opinions by equal-appearing intervals on the scale. On the other hand, I showed these 20 opinions to 353 midd'e-school students and demanded them to pick up those opinions which they agree according to their own attitude. In this sort of case it is quite rare that those who strongly approve sport may pick up the opposite opinions, and in case there are two opinions which are for sport, it is reasonable to assume that those who endose one will also pick up the other. Anyhow all opinions have their unique reiabi ity. So we put the opinions to the same students again after two months to decide reiabiity coefficients. By these means we come at last to the following 5 statistical facts:&hellip;&hellip;(1) n<SUB>1</SUB>&hellip;&hellip;total unmber of individuals who endosed opinion no.1, (2) n<SUB>2</SUB> &hellip;&hellip; total number of individuals who endosed opinion no.2, (3) n<SUB>12</SUB>&hellip;&hellip;total number of individuals who endesed both opinions, (4) &rho;<SUB>1</SUB>&hellip;reliability of opinion no.1, (5) &rho;<SUB>2</SUB> &hellip;&hellip;reliability of opinion no.2. The simi-arity of all pairs of opinions were calculated by Thurstone's formula:&phi;= n<SUB>12</SUB>/(&rho;<SUB>1</SUB> &rho;<SUB>2</SUB> n<SUB>1</SUB> n<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUP>1/2</SUP> If we assume similarity coefficient corresponds to ordivate of normal distribution curve, we can find the deviation from mean for all &phi; in terms of standard deviation. Then we get the average of scale-separations between all pairs of opinions.<BR>(III) According to the order of opinions which we got from the college students, here we arrange the scale value of each opinion, giving zero to the least favourab e one.<BR>75) Sport makes man multilated 0.000<BR>68) Sport makes reckless man 0.108<BR>30) Sport compels man unnatural exercise 0.555<BR>65) Sport serves as means of money-making or advertisement 0.705<BR>58) Sport cost much money 0.819<BR>42) Sport demands much skill and time 1.173<BR>50) Sport is necessary for city-dwellers 1.288<BR>54) Sport makes man exciting 1.333<BR>43) Sport is good as it is manly 1.358<BR>12) Spott makes a man's movement alertl 1.404<BR>15) Sport makes a man's uw ll adamant 1.453<BR>5) Sport cultivates upright character 1.686<BR>From this list 8 opinions were automatically excluded, as, even if they were dealt with, it is difficult to put them along others. For example, &lsquo;Sport restrains champions&rsquo; will not noly be enclosed by both sides, but has as small reliability as &lsquo;Sport prevents healthy development of mind and body&rsquo;<BR>Nevt, by the preceeding sca'e valne we marked the opinions endosed by 1614 middle and higher clioo students, and averaging them to survey the state of distribution we found they are fairly skewed towards the approval-side.
著者
赤羽 徹也
出版者
一般社団法人 日本ゴム協会
雑誌
日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.88, no.9, pp.369-373, 2015 (Released:2015-11-25)
参考文献数
3
被引用文献数
1

Rubber gloves are the indispensable items in our life. They protect our hand from an injury, a medicine wound, a virus and bacteria. Over the past years, there has been a notable rise in the demand of gloves whenever there is an outbreak of flu or viral diseases. During and after such outbreaks, there is a sudden change in the demand for rubber gloves due to increased hygiene concerns. In addition, the demand for gloves from food industry and others services is also set to increase. This report gives a production method and the market trend of rubber gloves.
著者
稲葉 佳奈子
出版者
日本スポーツ社会学会
雑誌
スポーツ社会学研究 (ISSN:09192751)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, pp.53-67,124, 2005-03-21 (Released:2011-05-30)
参考文献数
33

本稿は、日本のスポーツとジェンダー研究の新たな視角を提示することを目的とする。日本のスポーツとジェンダーを問題にしたいくつかの研究をとりあげ、それらがスポーツの何を問題にし、それをどのように分析し、スポーツのどこに変容の可能性を見出しているのかという点に注目しながら、これまでの議論を整理した。このとき理論的に依拠しているのは、バトラーの『ジェンダー・トラブル』[1990=1999]におけるジェンダー論である。したがって、本稿が用いるジェンダーという語には、社会的・文化的な「性」のみならず、身体レベルでの「性」が含まれる。これまでの研究によって、スポーツによる/における「男/女」の構築や、それを支えるのが異性愛主義であることなどが明らかにされてきた。それらは日本のスポーツとジェンダー研究の大きな成果である。しかし一方で、本稿がとりあげた先行研究の検討から、それらが異性愛主義の問題性をいかに認識するかという点においていくつかの課題をもっていること、それゆえに、模索されているスポーツの変容の可能性においても、ある「限界」が内包されているということが明らかになった。そうした状況の乗り越えを図るために、以下の結論を示した。変容の可能性は、異性愛主義体制において「男/女」が構築されるときの「失敗」に見出せる。したがって、今後の研究に向けて想定され、日本のスポーツとジェンダー研究におけるもう一つの視角として提示されるのは、異性愛主義体制の「内部」からの「攪乱」である。そのような視角からの理論的検討は、スポーツによる/における「『男/女』の完璧な構築」プロセスでつねにすでに起きているはずの「失敗」を、あるいはその瞬間を、そして「失敗」を生みださずにはいられない体制の非本質性を、理論的に可視化して示してみせることになる。
著者
金 海永 鈴木 陽一 高根 昭一 小澤 賢司 曽根 敏夫
出版者
特定非営利活動法人 日本バーチャルリアリティ学会
雑誌
日本バーチャルリアリティ学会論文誌 (ISSN:1344011X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, no.2, pp.455-460, 1999-06-30 (Released:2017-02-01)
参考文献数
17

It has been shown that HRTFs (Head Related Transfer Functions) are important cues for judging the absolute auditory distance of a single sound image when the sound source is close to the listener. In order to investigate the role of HRTFs in auditory distance perception more generally, not only the absolute distance of a single sound image but also the relative distances among multiple sound images should be considered. From this point of view, two kinds of psychoacoustical experiments on absolute and relative distance perception were conducted with the same source signals for stimuli. Comparison of the results of the two experiments showed that while the absolutely judged distance of a sound image increases with the actual distance of sound source up to around 1.2 m, the results of the relative auditory distance perception showed that the perceived distance significantly increases up to 2〜3 m. This difference may be attributable to some perceptual information stored in a short-term memory provided by the comparison of auditory distances between multiple sound images, which could offer an additional cue in relative distance perception, and it may be effective to improve the resolution of the distance perception of sound images at longer distance than the limitation in absolute distance perception.
著者
森本 政之
出版者
一般社団法人 日本音響学会
雑誌
日本音響学会誌 (ISSN:03694232)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.6, pp.356-361, 1978-06-01 (Released:2017-06-02)
被引用文献数
1
著者
及川 欧 榊原 雅人
出版者
日本バイオフィードバック学会
雑誌
バイオフィードバック研究 (ISSN:03861856)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.48, no.1, pp.33-38, 2021 (Released:2021-05-19)
参考文献数
12

コロナ禍の臨床現場では今 「直接触れ合う」 ことを避ける傾向にある. 今まで通りバイオフィードバック治療/施術を行えるように, 著者らは日本バイオフィードバック学会独自の医学系・工学系・心理学系の連携を背景に, 最近日本でよく用いられるようになった遠隔webビデオ会議システムを用いた新しい形の治療法を試案した. 具体的な治療法は, 1990年代から一貫して用いている, 自律訓練法, バイオフィードバック法と呼吸法を組み合わせた方法である. 今回, 5例の冷え症の女性に遠隔治療を試みて症状改善が得られ, その結果をNHKの全国放送で発表した. 時代に応じ, 治療法にICT (Information and Communication Technology) を駆使した新しい試みだが, 治療する/される側, 発信する側/視聴する側それぞれには, 今まで以上にICTを 「適切に」 使いこなすための 「リテラシー」 が要求される. 本稿では, 「リテラシー」 に関する著者らなりの見解を示す.
出版者
日経BP社
雑誌
日経コンピュ-タ (ISSN:02854619)
巻号頁・発行日
no.737, pp.82-87, 2009-08-19

何度もつらい思いをしても、楽しいと思える経験があれば成長したと実感できる。成長を実感していれば、その経験を後輩に伝えたくなる。システム構築プロジェクトを経験すれば人は育つ—。JTB情報システムの協力を得て実施したプロジェクトメンバーの本音調査を基に、プロジェクトを通して人を育てる勘所を探った。 「よかった。本当によかった。

2 0 0 0 OA 偉人繪話

著者
布施長春 画
出版者
冨士屋書店
巻号頁・発行日
1940
著者
陶山 義雄
出版者
東洋英和女学院大学
雑誌
東洋英和大学院紀要 (ISSN:13497715)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, pp.43-56, 2007-03-15

"Do not give dogs what is holy; and do not throw your pearls before swine, lest they trample them underfoot and turn to attack you. "Matthew 7:6 (RSV) This enigmatic aphorism, which appears in the New Testament only in Matthew (a second form is also preserved in Thomas 93:1~2) has frequently been discussed because of its inimical nature and in the context of the Sermon on the Mount, or of the Gospel of Matthew. This saying betrays Jewish esoteric instructions to set them apart from the Gentiles : namely the holy rituals of the Jews must not be profaned by dogs and swine (gentiles). If the author of the Gospel received this saying from independent source material either oral or written, it must have been transmitted in the Jewish Christian community where he was raised. Matthew 7:6 is significantly so dissimilar to the teachings of Jesus, and of the contents of the Gospel of Matthew, that it is regarded as the crux interpretum. The first half of the saying, "Do not give what is holy to the dogs..." is cited in the Didache: The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles 9:5. In order to sanctify their rite of eucharist, the author of this Christian instructional manual asserts that the unbaptized are dogs and are not accepted at the table of the Lord's Supper. The difficulty is whether the author of Matthew held intolerant sectarian beliefs and set it in the Sermon on the Mount. U. Luz and several other scholars abandoned their efforts on its interpretation, because it had no apparent connection to the rest of the Gospel of Matthew. A majority of the scholars, however, regard 7:6 functioning as a footnote to the preceding pericope, vv. 1~5 ("Judge not"). By placing 7:6 after the stern precept of not judging others, the evangelist attempts to neutralize extreme interpretations of the saying. From those (dogs and swine) who are not ready to accept the authentic teaching of Jesus (what is holy=pearls), it must be kept secret. This essay attempts to shed new light on 7:6 from the perspective of the Golden Rule (7:12). The author of this essay will investigate the evangelist's editorial work, and clarify what he intended to convey. The author of Matthew places this prejudiced sectarian aphorism prior to the Golden Rule : 1. An Intolerant Custom to be transformed (Dogs and Swine) by the Golden Rule (7:6) 2. Exhortation to Constant Pursuit and Prayer in Response to the Grace of God, the Father (7:7~11) 3. The Golden Rule (7:12) Presumably the evangelist grew up among Jewish Christians, therefore he could share the esoteric view of 7:6, but as the Christianity and its gospel message spread into the gentile world, he recognized the need of a more accepting and open fellowship. In order to respond to the situation of his community, the evangelist seemed to have two goals : one primarily for the Jews, and another for the gentiles (Matt.15:21~28). He sought to overcome the intolerance of the Jewish Christians, and transform it to embrace world mission. This explains why he concludes his Gospel with the Great Commission of the risen Christ for world mission (28:16~20). and This also clarifies the section on Galilee of the Gentiles (Matt.4:15; Isaiah 9:1~2), where Jesus started his ministry. Likewise, the Gospel of Matthew describes astrologers, undoubtedly gentile, from the East who came to worship the infant Jesus when he was born (2:1~12). After 7:6 is seen through the Golden Rule, the esoteric saying fits in well with the entire message of the Sermon on the Mount as follows : The Scene and the Audience (5:1~2) I. Invitation to the Blessings of Jesus (Beatitudes) (6:3~12) II. Remarkable Features of the Followers (Christians) (5:13~16) Discipleship as the Salt of the Earth (5:13), and the Light of the World (5:14~16) III. Christian Righteousness (5:17~6:18) 1. Prologue (A Greater Righteousness Supplanting an Old Jewish One) (5:17~20) 2. Exposition of the Greater Righteousness (5:21~6:18) A. The New Orders versus the Old Commandments (5:21~5:48) i) Against Anger (5:21~26) ii) Against Adultery and Divorce (5:27~32) iii) Against Oaths (5:33~37) iv) Against Retaliation (5:38~42) v) Love of One's Enemies (5:43~48) B. The New Rituals versus the Old Ones (6:1~6:18) i) On Giving to Charity (6:1~4) ii) On Prayer (6:5~15) (The Lord's Prayer6:9~13) iii) On Fasting (6:16~18) IV. The Christian Ethics (6:19~7:11) 1. Serve God, and not Mammon (6:19~24) 2. The Highest Way of Life (Responding Life to the Care of God) (6:25~34) 3. Unlimited Pursuit of Internal Sanctions (7:1~5) 4. An Intolerant Custom to be Transformed (7:6) 5. Exhortation to Constant Pursuit and Prayer in Response to the Grace of God (7:7~11) Concluding Summary THE GOLDEN RULE (7:12) V. Finale (7:13~27) 1. Enter this Narrow Gate for Salvation, or Else to Destruction (7:13~14) 2. Beware of the False Prophets(7:15~16) 3. How to tell Good Trees (Prophets) from the False Trees (7:17~20) 4. Final Judgment (The Kingdom of Heaven, or Hell) (7:21~23) 5. Concluding Exhortation with the Parable of the Two Houses (the House Built on Rock, and the House Built on the Sand) (7:24~27) Concluding Rubric: Reaction of the Crowds 7:28~29 Adherence to the Golden Rule has the potential to end hostilities, enmities, or strife by intolerant religious sects throughout the world. We learn this from the survey of Matthew 7:6 as the author of Matthew places it before the Golden Rule.