著者
木村 裕斗
出版者
経営行動科学学会
雑誌
経営行動科学 (ISSN:09145206)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.3, pp.197-212, 2016
被引用文献数
2

The present study defined "creative team learning" as the kind of team learning geared towards seeking creative results for the team as whole, and aimed to show its structure and influencing process. Responses from 198 survey subjects were subjected to factor analysis to identify conceptual elements, followed by covariance structure analysis. The conclusion can be summed up in two points. First, the structure and process influencing team learning with regard to creative results were confirmed. Overlapped learning, which is a basic activity aimed at improving the quality of reflection, was found to promote creative results through reflective learning. Similarly, new insights obtained through reflective learning were found to influence creative results through diversified learning. Second, the influence of the group characteristics on team learning and its results varied with team results. In preceding studies, task cohesion influenced team effectiveness. In the present study, however, group cohesion and duty orientation did not influence creative results except through team learning. Respect for individuals and personal interaction orientation had a direct influence on creative results.
著者
芹沢 一也
出版者
日本犯罪社会学会
雑誌
犯罪社会学研究 (ISSN:0386460X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, pp.87-98, 2010

犯罪や貧困の処遇において,監視や排除,厳罰化など,日本でもアメリカのように抑圧的な手段が強化されているといわれる.そして,このような状況に批判的な論者は,その原因として新自由主義をあげ,それへの敵対と対抗を唱えている.だがはたして,日本に新自由主義的な統治が出現しているといえるのか?本稿は1970年代以来の日本社会の構造的な変容を踏まえながら,90年代以降に起こったのは,新自由主義への統治原理の転換ではなく,日本型安定社会のたんなる崩壊だということを示す.その上で,そうした文脈にある日本の貧困や犯罪処遇の変容について,新自由主義批判を展開することは的外れであるだけでなく,看過しえない危険性をともなうことを主張する.問題は安定社会に代わる社会構想の不在なのであって,今後,社会保障や社会復帰政策を構想する上で不可欠なのは,経済的リソースの配分をめぐって国家と市場との関係性を冷静に思考することである.そのためには,小泉構造改革の誤った総括によって根づいた市場不信と,自民党の利益政治批判によって広まった政治不信をともに払拭する必要がある.
著者
稲瀬 直彦
出版者
一般社団法人 日本内科学会
雑誌
日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.103, no.9, pp.2269-2274, 2014-09-10 (Released:2015-09-10)
参考文献数
19
著者
常石英明著
出版者
金園社
巻号頁・発行日
2016
著者
安達 常将
出版者
The Human Geographical Society of Japan
雑誌
人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.2, pp.173-194, 2005-04-28 (Released:2009-04-28)
参考文献数
102
被引用文献数
1

After the deregulation of air transport in United States and liberalization in Europe, papers on this theme have been accumulated in the field of transport geography which uses quantitative methods in United States and Europe while there are few socio-economic studies from that viewpoint. Socio-economic transport geography tends to have an interest in historical processes of transport development and little in the current transport problems especially in Japan. Socio-economic studies, however, examine the system of transport facilities comprehensively, which will contribute to practical analysis and criticism of current transport problems.The purpose of this paper is to examine the case of the rapid expansion of the direct bus network connecting Haneda Airport with its hinterland since the latter half of the 1990s. This paper also examines the other social background of this phenomenon, considering the role of bus company in making the bus routes between Haneda Airport and its hinterland, impact of the deregulation of air and bus transport, changing use of aircraft, and the bus share in airport-access market. The data were mainly collected through interviews with the personnel of bus companies in charge of planning bus route to Haneda Airport. The main findings of this paper are summarized as follows:1. Almost all the bus routes between Haneda Airport and its hinterland are managed by two airport bus companies (Keihin Electric Express Railway Co., Ltd., and Airport Transport Service Co., Ltd.), and 25 local bus companies, each of which has its own service area. Therefore the airport bus companies are concerned with all bus routes and have a lot of information on them. When the local bus companies plan to extend their bus routes into Haneda Airport, the airport side supplies accumulated know-how to run an airport-access bus with the local bus side. This cooperated-route-management-system enables a sudden increase in bus route.2. Until the first half of the 1990s, bus stops were arranged only in the Tokyo Bay area and Central Tokyo, which is near Haneda Airport. But the hinterland greatly expanded in 1998, reaching 100km away from Haneda Airport. Since these routes were profitable, the airport bus companies began to develop the bus route to Haneda Airport positively. Therefore the local bus companies have become so easy to participate in the airport-access bus that 13 routes were formed in 2000. After 2001, new routes have extended into areas where market size is smaller or road accessibility is worse, and 49 bus routes to Haneda Airport have been formed before December, 2002.3. The number of air passengers using Haneda Airport has increased from 31 million persons in 1988 to 54.8 million in 2000 and is estimated to be increasing in the future. This trend has brought an increase in airport-access bus passengers, too, and is one of the factors causing the expansion of the direct bus network connecting Haneda Airport with its hinterland.4. Haneda Airport Offshore Expansion Project has influences on the increase of passengers using Haneda Airport indirectly and on airport-access bus at three viewpoints. The number of bus stops has increased 5 to 15; many buses can be operated. Since highway system is improved, buses can arrive at Haneda Airport on time, which makes air passengers take a bus confidently. The pollution issues such as the noise and vibration are refined; aircraft can take off and land on Haneda Airport all day long. In the early morning, however, airport-access trains are not available in many areas in Haneda Airport hinterland while buses are available even in the areas more 100km away from Haneda Airport. This fact suggests that the bus companies could make buses bound for Haneda Airport run selectively in the early morning for their profit; on the other hand, this promotes the public benefit because the completion of airport-access is demanded now.
著者
金井 陸行 木下 浩一
出版者
(財)田附興風会
雑誌
基盤研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2001

我々は臨床における創傷治癒機転と治癒不全病態を分子生物学的の解析することにより、日常の臨床現場で遭遇する消化管再建後の治癒不全、即ち縫合不全の発生を減じることを目的として研究を行ってきた。創傷治癒遅延、縫合不全発生の主たる原因である低酸素環境下での腸管上皮細胞の動態に着目し、種々の腸管上皮由来細胞株の低酸素条件下での培養条件を確立、低酸素条件下では消化管粘膜の修復機転の第一相であるrestitution(創傷面に隣接する上皮細胞の遊走)は著しく遅延していたが、当初注目していた消化管上皮細胞に比較的特異的に発現されている線維芽細胞増殖因子受容体タイプ3(FGFR3 III-b)の遺伝子発現に大きな差は認められず、この受容体のrestitutionへの貢献は少ないと考えられた。そこでFGFR3に関しては消化器癌との関連で研究を継続し、以下の研究成果を得た。膜貫通型FGFR3の発現上昇消化器系癌患者より、癌組織及びその周辺の正常組織を収集し、癌の悪性化過程におけるFGFR3-IIIb、FGFR3-IIIcの発現を解析した。その結果、FGFR3-IIIcが食道癌、大腸癌で上昇することを明らかにした。FGFR3c誘導発現細胞のFGF2に対する応答能の獲得in vitroの病態モデルとして扁平上皮癌細胞株DJM1を用いて、FGFR3-IIIcの発現上皮細胞はFGF2と協調することで癌悪性化を獲得できるか検討した。FGFR3-IIIcを発現誘導ベクターに組み換えてDJM1細胞に遺伝子導入し、FGFR3-IIIcの発現を誘導した結果、FGFR3-IIIcの発現を誘導しない細胞はFGF2刺激での足場非依存性増殖は促進されなかったが、FGFR3-IIIcの発現を誘導すると、FGF2刺激により足場非依存性増殖が著しく促進した。また、FGFR3-IIIc誘導発現過剰細胞はFGF2刺激によって高い遊走能を獲得した。以上の結果よりFGFR3-IIIc過剰発現細胞はFGF2と協調して癌悪性化を獲得することが明らかになった。可溶性FGFR3の発現上昇本研究の過程で、消化器系上皮細胞に可溶型FGFR3が発現していることを明らかにした。可溶型FGFR3は、FGFR3遺伝子から膜貫通部位を欠損したmRNAが選択的スプライシングにより生じて発現するが、この受容体が正常のヒト食道粘膜組織において発現されていることを確認した。胃および大腸においては正常組織における可溶型FGFR3の発現率は非常に低いが、癌部においてその発現が高まることを見いだした。以上の結果から、大腸と胃では可溶型FGFR3の発現と癌悪性化には何らかの関連性があることが示唆された。
著者
大山美信[著]
出版者
大山美信
巻号頁・発行日
1997
著者
Asuka Kato Yuki Hirakawa Wakako Hiraoka
出版者
Fujita Medical Society
雑誌
Fujita Medical Journal (ISSN:21897247)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.5, no.4, pp.98-103, 2019 (Released:2019-11-01)
参考文献数
36

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, in inositol hexaphosphate (IP6)-induced metabolic disruption in human leukemia PLB-985 cells.Methods: PLB-985 and X chromosome linked gp91-phox gene knockout (X-CGD) cells were treated with 5, 10, or 20 mM IP6 for 24 to 72 h. Cell growth was assayed using a highly water-soluble tetrazolium salt. The rate of apoptotic and necrotic cell death was determined with an Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide kit. The expression of CD11b as a marker of monocytic property and of LC3 as an autophagy marker was tested, using flow cytometry combined with fluorescent antibodies.Results: Treatment with 5 and 10 mM IP6 for 24 h was found to suppress the growth of both cell lines, though the effect was more dramatic in PLB-985 cells. After 6-h treatment with 20 mM IP6, the necrosis rate of PLB-985 cells was significantly greater than that of X-CGD cells. Further, after 72-h treatment with 10 mM IP6, CD11b expression was observed in PLB-985 cells but inhibited in X-CGD cells. Autophagy monitoring after 6-h treatment with 10 mM IP6 revealed that LC3 expression was suppressed in PLB-985 cells, whereas it was somewhat increased in X-CGD cells.Conclusions: Our results suggest that NADPH oxidase activation mediates IP6-induced metabolic disruption associated with necrosis, differentiation, cell growth, and autophagy in PLB-985 cells.