著者

大井 星十 田井 貴 町田 信夫 松田 礼

出版者

一般社団法人 日本人間工学会

雑誌

日本人間工学会大会講演集 日本人間工学会第53回大会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.146-147, 2012 (Released:2012-10-27)

著者

Takafumi MIZUSHIGE Kazuo INOUE Tohru FUSHIKI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.1-4, 2007 (Released:2008-01-25)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

24 52

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Fatty foods are very palatable. Most mammals, including humans, prefer high-fat food to low-fat food. Neuropeptides and neurotransmitters, which are related to the hedonic or aversive response in the brain, are released after a basic tastant (i.e., sweet, sour, salty, bitter or umami) is accepted by the taste receptors in the taste bud cells. In addition, recent evidence suggests that dietary fat, especially free fatty acids, may be perceived chemically in taste bud cells as well as the basic tastant. Recently, it was suggested that long-chain fatty acids accepted into CD36/FAT, a long-chain fatty acid transporter, in circumvallate papillae of the tongue play an extremely important role in the palatability of dietary fat. In this review, we describe the studies on the reception of fatty acids in the oral cavity, and on the signal transmission from the oral cavity to the brain. We hypothesize that long-chain fatty acids are recognized on the tongue, and then neuropeptides and neurotransmitters such as β-endorphin and dopamine are released in the brain. We suggest that this knowledge is one of the mechanisms of the palatability of dietary fat.

著者

永松 俊哉

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.18-19, 2011 (Released:2011-03-30)

著者

千原 義男

出版者

一般社団法人 日本人間工学会

雑誌

人間工学 (ISSN:05494974)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.5, pp.349-355, 1969-10-15 (Released:2010-03-11)

被引用文献数

1

著者

Ryozo Nagai Koichiro Kinugawa Hiroshi Inoue Hirotsugu Atarashi Yoshihiko Seino Takeshi Yamashita Wataru Shimizu Takeshi Aiba Masafumi Kitakaze Atsuhiro Sakamoto Takanori Ikeda Yasushi Imai Takashi Daimon Katsuhiro Fujino Tetsuji Nagano Tatsuaki Okamura Masatsugu Hori the J-Land Investigators

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-12-1618, (Released:2013-03-15)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

21 93

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Background: A rapid heart rate (HR) during atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) in left ventricular (LV) dysfunction often impairs cardiac performance. The J-Land study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of landiolol, an ultra-short-acting β-blocker, with those of digoxin for swift control of tachycardia in AF/AFL in patients with LV dysfunction. Methods and Results: The 200 patients with AF/AFL, HR ≥120beats/min, and LV ejection fraction 25–50% were randomized to receive either landiolol (n=93) or digoxin (n=107). Successful HR control was defined as ≥20% reduction in HR together with HR <110beats/min at 2h after starting intravenous administration of landiolol or digoxin. The dose of landiolol was adjusted in the range of 1–10μg·kg–1·min–1 according to the patient’s condition. The mean HR at baseline was 138.2±15.7 and 138.0±15.0beats/min in the landiolol and digoxin groups, respectively. Successful HR control was achieved in 48.0% of patients treated with landiolol and in 13.9% of patients treated with digoxin (P<0.0001). Serious adverse events were reported in 2 and 3 patients in each group, respectively. Conclusions: Landiolol was more effective for controlling rapid HR than digoxin in AF/AFL patients with LV dysfunction, and could be considered as a therapeutic option in this clinical setting.

著者

Masa-aki Kishida Satoshi Muratsugu Ryota Sakamoto Tetsuro Kusamoto Hiroshi Nishihara

出版者

(社)日本化学会

雑誌

Chemistry Letters (ISSN:03667022)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.121264, (Released:2013-03-19)

被引用文献数

7

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We prepared dimethyldihydropyrene (DHP) derivative 2 which possesses two ferrocenyl groups at the 4 and 9 positions through ethynylene linkers. 2 showed intense electronic communication between the two ferrocenyl groups, which is promoted by the highly developed π-orbital of the diethynylDHP moiety.

著者

Takaaki Ikuno Atsuro Nomura Kenta Iyoki Ayae Sugawara-Narutaki Tatsuya Okubo Atsushi Shimojima

出版者

(社)日本化学会

雑誌

Chemistry Letters (ISSN:03667022)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.316-317, 2013-03-05 (Released:2013-03-02)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

10

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A facile approach is demonstrated for the preparation of hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles with large pore volume and high dispersibility. Core–shell nanoparticles consisting of iron oxide (α-Fe2O3) core and mesostructured silica–surfactant composite shell are treated with hexamethyldisiloxane under acidic conditions to achieve capping of silanol groups and removal of both surfactants and the Fe2O3 cores in a single step.

著者

海谷 啓之 竹井 祥郎

出版者

日本比較生理生化学会

雑誌

比較生理生化学 (ISSN:09163786)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1, pp.13-27, 1997-03-15 (Released:2011-08-04)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

1

著者

高橋 英也

出版者

日本比較内分泌学会

雑誌

比較内分泌学 (ISSN:18826636)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.133, pp.127-130, 2009 (Released:2009-06-30)

参考文献数

9

著者

塩澤 啓之 弘松 千佳 藤井 正雄 山岡 俊樹

出版者

一般社団法人 日本人間工学会

雑誌

人間工学 (ISSN:05494974)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.2Supplement, pp.158-159, 2007-06-02 (Released:2010-03-15)

参考文献数

3

著者

熊谷 貴美代

出版者

日本エアロゾル学会

雑誌

エアロゾル研究 (ISSN:09122834)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.4, pp.315-320, 2011 (Released:2011-12-28)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

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Observations of atmospheric aerosols were carried out at Maebashi and Mt Akagi located in the inland Kanto plain. Fine and coarse particles were collected using a low-volume air sampler, and organic carbon (OC), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), elemental carbon and ionic components were measured. The highest concentration of fine particles was observed in spring, and nitrate and sulfate were the major components. Sulfate and OC were dominant in summer and fall. We found that ammonium sulfate was widely distributed in the inland Kanto plain while ammonium nitrate was localized in Maebashi. The seasonal variation of WSOC concentration rising from summer to fall was observed at Maebashi. The WSOC/OC ratio increased in summer, suggesting that organic aerosols were influenced by aging. We focused on water-soluble organic components in fine particles; dicarboxylic acids as tracers of photochemical reaction products, and levoglucosan as a tracer of biomass burning emission. The concentrations of total diacids in spring and summer were higher than in winter. WSOC concentration showed highly positive correlation with total diacids concentration in each season. Levoglucosan observed was considerably high in winter. We found that the secondary formation is the dominant source of organic aerosols, especially in the warm seasons, and that biomass burning is another important source of organic aerosol in winter.

著者

Yong-Biao ZHANG Ji-Dang CHEN Jie-Xiong XIE Wan-Jun ZHU Chun-Ya WEI Li-Kai TAN Nan CAO Ye CHEN Min-Ze ZHANG Gui-Hong ZHANG Shou-Jun LI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0022, (Released:2013-03-15)

被引用文献数

5 10

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Reports of dogs with H3N2 canine influenza virus (CIV) have been documented frequently. To better understand the seroprevalence of H3N2 CIV among dogs in northeast China, here we report for the first time a relatively high seroprevalence of H3N2 CIV infection in dogs in northeast China. Forty-five of the 223 canine sera (20.2%) and 166 of the 500 canine sera (33.2%) tested feral dogs and pet dogs were seropositive by NP-ELISA, which is higher than that in southern China. The relative data provided in this report can be useful for small animal practitioners or public health policy makers to carry out relative measures for the prevention of this disease. Meanwhile similar seroprevalence studies and prospective natural history and incidence studies should also be undertaken in other places.

著者

田中 健一 丸井 昭吾 澤幡 正 井野 隆光

出版者

社団法人 日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

産業医学 (ISSN:00471879)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.4, pp.288-289, 1986 (Released:2009-03-26)

参考文献数

5

著者

星野 由紀子 河本 献太 野田 邦昭 佐部 浩太郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本ロボット学会

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.77-88, 2011 (Released:2011-02-25)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

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Continual and autonomous learning are key features for a developmental agent in open-ended environments. This paper presents a mechanism of self-regulated learning to realize them. Considering the fact that learning progresses only when the learner is exposed to appropriate level of uncertainty, we propose that an agent's learning process be guided by the following two metacognitive strategies throughout its development: (a) Switch of behavioral strategies to regulate the level of expected uncertainty, and (b) Switch of learning strategies in accordance with the current subjective uncertainty. With this mechanism, we demonstrate efficient and stable online learning of a maze where only local perception is provided: the agent autonomously explores an environment of significant-scale, and self-develops an internal model that properly describes the hidden structure behind its experience.

著者

Kazuo Kurihara Koji Ishihara Hidetaka Sasaki Yukio Fukuyama Hitomi Saitou Izuru Takayabu Kazuyo Murazaki Yasuo Sato Seiji Yukimoto Akira Noda

出版者

(公社)日本気象学会

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.97-100, 2005 (Released:2005-09-14)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

36 48

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The Meteorological Research Institute (MRI) and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) projected climate change over Japan due to global warming using a high-resolution Regional Climate Model of 20 km mesh size (RCM20) developed in MRI. Projection was made for 2081 to 2100 following a SRES-A2 scenario. Precipitation projected by RCM20 indicated that increased daily precipitation will be seen during the warm season from June to September. Except for this period, the precipitation amount will not change much or will slightly decrease around Japan. The increase during the warm season will be seen only in the western part of Japan. A possible cause of the increase is an El Niño-like SST pattern in the future. Due to the future increased summer SST in the eastern equatorial Pacific, anti-cyclonic circulation to the south of Japan will intensify and will induce a strong water vapor flux along the rim of the anti-cyclonic anomaly. The intensified flux will converge over the western part of Japan and may increase precipitation. Surface air temperature is projected to increase more than 2°C around Japan in January. In summer, the temperature increase will be lower by about 1°C than in winter.

著者

クールマン フランク

出版者

日本鳥学会

雑誌

日本鳥学会誌 (ISSN:0913400X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.2-3, pp.79-86, 1987-12-25 (Released:2007-09-28)

参考文献数

8

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1975年春から1987年初夏(1980年と1984年の春は除く)にかけて,神戸市中央区の住宅地に接する木の茂った傾斜地で,トビの個体群調査を行なった.調査地は約4km×2kmの広さで,市街とその先の海へ向かいほぼ北西-南東方向に走る多くの沢がある.10月から2月までの非繁殖期は,日没ごろにここへ集まるトビの数は一定していなかった.主なねぐらの位置が西へ移ったのはカラス,とくにハシブトガラスとのねぐらを巡る争いが関係しているかもしれない.番いのトビは65本(うち針葉樹が29本)の木に巣を掛け,高さは平均地上10mであった.いくつかの巣は2-4回再利用されたので,計94の巣について調査したことになる.1978年の最大15から巣数はしだいに減少し,1987年はわずか3となった.最近5年間の調査では34巣のうち少なくも18巣から卵が消失し,1巣からは半分喰べられたひな1羽がみつかった.トビの営巣失敗と個体数の減少は,ハシブトガラスの捕食によることが大きいと思われる.34巣からはせいぜい4羽のひなが巣立ったにすぎない.

著者

太田 嘉四夫

出版者

日本哺乳類学会

雑誌

哺乳類科学 (ISSN:0385437X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.1_1-9, 1980 (Released:2008-10-01)

著者

乙井 研二

出版者

一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会

雑誌

映像情報メディア学会誌 (ISSN:13426907)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.9, pp.1406-1408, 2008-09-01 (Released:2010-09-01)

著者

大竹 政和

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地震学会

雑誌

地震 第2輯 (ISSN:00371114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.appendix, pp.83-99, 1998-03-31 (Released:2010-11-17)

参考文献数

77

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This article reviews observational and theoretical studies on seismic gap and seismic quiescence from the view-point of earthquake forecast. “Seismic gap of the third kind” by Y. Ishikawa is also briefly discussed. Seismic gap, which is recognized as an unruptured segment of plate boundary and large-scale geological structure in the present seismic cycle, is a strong tool for identifying the zone of high seismic potential in the near future. However, the concept of characteristic earthquake is not always valid. We need reliable information on the duration of seismic cycle, slip distribution of past earthquakes, and seismic coupling for effectively applying the seismic gap hypothesis to earthquake forecast. Seismic quiescence has been reported prior to major seismic events of a wide magnitude range, from great earthquakes to rock fractures in the laboratory, but the physical mechanism is not yet established, Among the several hypotheses so far proposed, the stress relaxation model based on the laboratory-driven friction law is of particular interest since it theoretically predicts the formation of seismic quiescence as a natural consequence of the physical process of earthquake preparation. For checking the validity of the model, we need detailed studies on the time-space development of quiescence, and focal mechanism change in the surrounding area. In spite of some limitations described above, past studies demonstrate that a combined use of the seismic gap and seismic quiescence is expected to provide a most useful tool to forecast the occurrence of a large earthquake for the time range of a year to several decades.

著者

Hideki OHNO Yoko KOWATARI Masao OWAKI Joji OHTA Naoshi NAKAJIMA Kazuki YOSHIOKA Ken-ichiro MUTOH Toshifumi OYAMADA

出版者

オカジマ・フォリア・アナトミカ・ヤポニカ編集部

雑誌

Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica (ISSN:0030154X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.2, pp.35-38, 2012 (Released:2012-10-27)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

3 7

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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) fibroblasts obtained from beagle dogs were cultured in basal medium containing different concentrations of 1 to 10-3 µM 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and in basal medium itself as a control. It was demonstrated that DHT promoted cell proliferation activity, expression of androgen receptor, and collagen synthesis in ACL fibroblasts as compared with control. These results suggest that sex hormones are involved in the sex difference seen in ACL rupture of dogs.