著者

務臺 理作

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育学会

雑誌

教育学研究 (ISSN:03873161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.10, pp.1066-1088, 1939 (Released:2009-01-13)

著者

Takahiro MIYOSHI Shin-ichi NAKANO Katsuyuki NAKAMURA Keitaro YAMANOUCHI Masugi NISHIHARA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.12-0195, (Released:2012-05-31)

被引用文献数

1 5

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Adult urodele amphibians such as newts are capable of regenerating lost structures including their limbs. In these species, dedifferentiation of myofiber is essential for the regenerative process. Upon terminal differentiation, nuclei of myofiber (myonuclei) are withdrawn from cell cycle, but prior to dedifferentiation, myonuclei reenter the cell cycle. In contrast with urodele amphibians, it is generally accepted that mammalian myofibers are not able to dedifferentiate in response to muscle injury. A recent study has suggested that electroporation can induce dedifferentiation response of skeletal muscle in newt limbs. In the present study, we examined whether myonuclei of skeletal muscle of mammals are capable of reentering the cell cycle by means of electroporation. Electroporation was applied to tibialis anterior muscle of the rat with or without plasmid DNA. Histological analyses revealed that, while electroporation induces degenerative/regenerative responses in skeletal muscle irrespective of the presence of plasmid DNA, the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in myonuclei was observed only in the presence of plasmid DNA. The present results indicate that myonuclei of skeletal muscle are capable of reentering the cell cycle and suggest that in vivo electroporation can induce dedifferentiation of mammalian skeletal muscle.

著者

Yumi KONDO Kazuaki TAKASHIMA Satoshi MATSUMOTO Masahiro SHIBA Tomoko OTSUKI Gen KINOSHITA Joseph ROSENTEL Sheila J. GROSS Candis FLEISHMAN Yoshihisa YAMANE

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.11-0306, (Released:2012-05-31)

被引用文献数

3 11

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Use of firocoxib in dogs for postoperative pain control has not been published in any of the journals in Japan. A field study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of firocoxib in dogs in controlling pain associated with soft tissue surgery in Japan. The study followed a negative control, double-blind, multicenter clinical efficacy study using a randomized block design. A total of 131 client-owned dogs presented to the clinical practices for soft tissue surgery were enrolled. Sixty-nine dogs were allocated to the firocoxib-treated group and received 5 mg/kg of firocoxib orally on Day 0 before the surgery and once daily through Day 2, while 62 dogs were allocated to the non-treated group handled in a similar manner only without the firocoxib administration. Pain assessment took place on Day 0 before the surgery through Day 2. The primary efficacy variable was a success/failure variable based on whether the dog needed rescue medication (based on pain assessment after the surgery or Investigator’s judgment) and a significant difference between firocoxib-treated group (16.4%) and non-treated group (50.0%) (P=0.0031) was observed. There was no adverse event during the study that was considered to be related to the administration of firocoxib. This study indicated the clinical efficacy and safety profile of firocoxib administered to control pain associated with soft tissue surgery under field condition.

著者

猪子 芳美 高橋 史 大沼 智之 森田 修己

出版者

社団法人 日本補綴歯科学会

雑誌

日本補綴歯科学会雑誌 (ISSN:03895386)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3, pp.508-515, 2003-06-10 (Released:2010-08-10)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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目的: 閉塞型睡眠時無呼吸症候群の歯科的治療に用いられる口腔内装置 (Oral appliance: OA) の効果に関する報告は, 多く認められる. しかし, 下顎前方位型装置 (Mandibular advancement device: MAD) の装着が口腔咽頭領域の形態に及ぼす影響について, 画像的に十分明らかにされていない. 本研究の目的は, 側方頭部X線規格写真 (セファログラム) 撮影時の体位および呼吸変化が, 口腔咽頭領域の形態に及ぼす影響を健常者について検討することである.方法: 被験者は, 自覚的, 他覚的にいびきを認めない健常者12名 (男性10名, 女性2名, 平均年齢27.3歳, 肥満度21.9kg/m2) とした. 被験条件は, 立位時の吸息と呼息および仰臥位時での吸息と呼息において, セファログラム撮影を行った. 撮影されたX線写真から得られた透写図上にて, 咽頭腔前後径とその面積, ならびに舌骨の位置の計測を行い, 体位と呼吸状態を2要因とする反復測定分散分析を用いて検討した.結果: 吸息時と呼息時の間に有意な差は認められなかった. しかし, 体位を立位から仰臥位に変化させると, 咽頭腔面積および口蓋垂後方の前後径と舌根部後方の前後径, 舌骨から下顎までの距離が有意に減少した.結論: 以上の結果から, 呼吸による影響は認められなかったが, 体位を立位から仰臥位に変化させることで口腔咽頭領域の形態に影響を及ぼすことが示された.

著者

岩本 光雄

出版者

日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.129-141, 1989 (Released:2009-09-07)

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

KAZUO SUENAGA KENJI GOTO HIDEFUMI SUENAGA

出版者

久留米大学医学部

雑誌

The Kurume Medical Journal (ISSN:00235679)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.43-48, 1967-10-01 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2

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Working characteristics of the human body can be expressed by the pattern of mental activity because physical work is generally followed by conscious activity. When the mental work is classified as intermittent work and enduring mental work, driving should be classified as the latter. When driving, the central nervous system must continuously manage various types of stimuli (or information) arriving from circumstances of the roads. It was expected that these conditions would cause a difference in mental activity and hence EEG pattern between normal motorists and motorists who are frequently involved in traffic accidents. The state of appearance of alpha waves and the frequency of the alpha waves were comparatively investigated.

著者

三上 毅 杉野 寿哉 菅野 彩 宝金 清博 三國 信啓

出版者

一般社団法人 日本脳卒中学会

雑誌

脳卒中 (ISSN:09120726)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.82-88, 2012 (Released:2012-03-24)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2 1

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甲状腺機能亢進症に併発した類もやもや病4症例を経験したので,文献的考察を加えてその病態や治療指針に関して検討した.2007年1月から2010年12月までに当科で血行再建術を行った,甲状腺機能亢進症に併発した類もやもや病4症例を後ろ向きに検討した.男性2例,女性2例で,平均年齢は27.5歳(14-43歳)であった.全例直接血行再建術と間接血行再建術を行った.神経学的な予後は良好であったが,1例で甲状腺機能の悪化が認められた.周術期の甲状腺機能コントロールは,虚血性合併症を避けるうえでも非常に重要であるが,甲状腺機能亢進症の活動性を評価するのは非常に困難であり,治療指針の検討には内分泌科との連携が重要であると考えられた.

著者

上野 健爾

出版者

一般社団法人 日本数学会

雑誌

数学 (ISSN:0039470X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.1, pp.45-60, 1985-02-07 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

33

著者

Takeharu KANEDA Tomoe FUJIEDA Yuta ETO Yuta NAGAI Noriyasu SASAKI Tsuyoshi TAJIMA Norimoto URAKAWA Kazumasa SHIMIZU

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.12-0020, (Released:2012-05-29)

被引用文献数

2 5

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To elucidate the role of glycogen in the contraction on tracheal smooth muscle, we investigated the changes in the glycogen contents of bovine trachea contraction induced by high K+ and hypoxia (achieved by bubbling N2 instead of O2), either in a glucose-free condition or in the presence of iodoacetic acid (IAA), an inhibitor of glycolysis. The hyperosmotic addition of 65 mM KCl (H-65 K+) induced a sustained contraction. A glucose-free condition did not affect H-65 K+-induced contraction. However, hypoxia slightly inhibited the contraction, and glucose-free PSS with hypoxia or IAA remarkably inhibited the H-65 K+-induced contraction. H-65 K+ induced a sustained increase in reduced pyridine nucleotide (PNred) fluorescence, representing glycolysis activity. Hypoxia alone slightly enhanced PNred fluorescence and when combined with a glucose-free condition, remarkably enhanced the H-65 K+-induced PNred fluorescence. IAA inhibited PNred fluorescence. In the presence of H-65 K+, a glucose-free condition, hypoxia and the combination of glucose-free PSS and hypoxia decreased the glycogen contents. However, IAA had no effect on glycogen contents. Although hypoxia or glucose-free PSS did not affect PCr and ATP contents, the combination of hypoxia and glucose-free PSS or IAA induced a gradual decrease of PCr content. In conclusion, we suggest that the endogenous glycogen was utilized to increase the activity of glycolysis for maintaining the high K+-induced contraction on the bovine trachea in glucose-free and/or hypoxic condition.

著者

小野塚 実 渡邊 和子 藤田 雅文 斉藤 滋

出版者

Japanese Society for Mastication Science and Health Promotion

雑誌

日本咀嚼学会雑誌 (ISSN:09178090)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.109-116, 2002-03-30 (Released:2011-07-05)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

2

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In recent years, dysfunctional mastication, which is resulted from decreased number of residual teeth, use of unsuitable dentures, or reduced biting force, has been suggested to be related to the development of senile dementia. Recently, in senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP8 mice), we have studied the involvement of masticatory dysfunction, e.g. cut off of the upper molar teeth, extract of the upper molar teeth, or cut of the one side of the masseteric nerve, in the senile process of learning and memory. First, we found that conditions of such dysfunctional mastication progress age-related deficits in spatial memory storage in a water maze test and in hippocampal pyramidal neurons. These pathological phenomena were begun to occur in middle-aged mice, suggesting that masticatory disfunction may lead to hippocampal pathological changes in the elderly.Second, it was found that cutting off the upper molar teeth causes a reduction in the protein product, Fos, of the immediate early gene, c-fos, in the hippocampal CA1 subfield. Interestingly, both the suppression of memory storage ability and the decrease in Fos induction in this subfield induced by cutting off the upper molars were considerably improved by restoring the lost molars with artificial crowns, suggesting that normal mastication may be an important factor in maintaining normal hippocampal activities.Third, in biochemical and immunohistochemical studies examining the effect of masticatory dysfunction on age-related changes in the septohippocampal cholinergic system, we have foundthat, in aged mice, masticatory disfunction induces a decrease in acetylcholine release and choline acetyltransferase activity in the hippocampus and a reduction in the number of choline acetyltransferase-immunopositive neurons in the medial septal nucleus. However, these effects were not seen in young mice, implying that dysfunctional mastication may enhance an age-related decline in the septohippocampal cholinergic system.Finally, stress may be linked to hippocampal pathological changes induced by masticatory dysfunction. As expected, in the aged mice, conditions under masticatory dysfunction brought about a chronic elevation in plasma corticosterone levels. However, pretreatment with metyrapone, which suppresses the stress-induced rise in this hormone levels, prevented dysfunctional mastication-induced increase in plasma corticosterone levels, reduction in hippocampal pyramidal neuron numbers, and impairment of spatial memory. These findings suggest a link between the masticatory dysfunction and the glucocorticoid response, which may be involved in deficits in learning and memory and hippocampal neuronal death.In conclusion, we suggest that normal mastication may be effective in preventing senile dementia by maintaining normal function in the hippocampus, which is the most sensitive region to aging processes.

著者

尾鍋 史彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本画像学会

雑誌

日本画像学会誌 (ISSN:13444425)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.4, pp.265-270, 2010-08-10 (Released:2010-08-13)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

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紙のメディアとしての優位性の本質は人間との親和性にある.発達心理学からみると紙の感覚・知覚への訴求力や紙に載せた文字の繋がりからなる意味の認知構造への深く安定的な格納能力は生得的なものであり,個人の知の形成においてはデジタル時代においても紙メディアは優位性を持ち続ける.メディアの人間との親和性を感情価として評価すると,紙メディアの感情価は高く認知過程を促進するが,現段階での電子的表示メディアの感情価は不十分であるために,認知過程を阻害することが考えられる.またアフォーダンス理論によると,メディアの人間との相互作用に関わる身体感覚や文化的環境も認知過程に影響するので,紙の書籍と電子書籍は単なる視覚による読みの差異以外の書籍としての形態や視覚以外の諸感覚も認知過程に関係するが,さらなる解明には認知科学が強力な手段となるだろう.

著者

田中 智夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本畜産学会

雑誌

日本畜産学会報 (ISSN:1346907X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.3, pp.333-336, 2011-08-05 (Released:2012-02-25)

参考文献数

6

著者

加藤 覚 稲積 彦二 鈴木 孝典 羽田 豊

出版者

公益社団法人 化学工学会

雑誌

化学工学論文集 (ISSN:0386216X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.3, pp.255-260, 1980-05-10 (Released:2009-10-21)

参考文献数

8

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濡れ壁塔を用いて, 乱流で流れる気流中への2成分系混合液の蒸発実験を常温, 常圧のもとで行い, 各成分の物質移動速度を測定して, 従来提案されている分子拡散に対する対角化法の拡張適用性を検討した結果, 拡散成分の濃度が希薄な範囲でも適用できない場合があることを示し, また, その適用できる条件範囲を実験的に確かめた.また, 一般化されたFickの拡散方程式を線型化した結果に基づく物質移動速度の近似表示法について考察し.比較的簡便な表示法を提案するとともに, その適用条件の判定方法を実測値に基づいて明らかにした.さらに, 実測値に基づいて, 3成分系気相における2成分の物質移動速度の取り扱いを1拡散成分と非拡散成分とから成る2成分系における一方拡散として扱いうる条件を確かめた.

著者

加藤 覚 稲積 彦二 鈴木 孝典

出版者

公益社団法人 化学工学会

雑誌

化学工学論文集 (ISSN:0386216X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.246-253, 1982-05-10 (Released:2009-11-12)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 1

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Stefan-Maxwellの方程式に基づいて3成分系気相における2成分の物質移動速度の表示法と推算法を誘導し, これを実験的に検討した.まず, 境膜モデルに基づいて各拡散成分によって異なる有効拡散距離を定義し, これを実験によって求めて, その妥当性を確かめた.ついで, 境膜モデルに基づく物質移動速度の推算法を誘導し, この方法の妥当性を実測値を用いて確かめた.また, 3成分系における物質移動速度に影響を及ぼす要因について検討し, 3成分系に特有な挙動が顕著に現れる条件範囲においては, 二つの拡散成分の問の拡散の効果が支配的であることを示した.

著者

加藤 覚 稲積 彦二 鈴木 孝典

出版者

公益社団法人 化学工学会

雑誌

化学工学論文集 (ISSN:0386216X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.15-22, 1980-01-10 (Released:2009-10-21)

参考文献数

14

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濡れ壁塔を用いて, 2成分系混合液の乱流で流れる空気流中への蒸発実験を行い, 次の知見を得た.拡散成分の濃度が希薄な場合には, 一つの拡散成分が拡散流束によって他方の拡散成分の移動速度に及ぼす影響は小さい.しかし, 各拡散成分の移動速度が大きく異なる場合には, 大きな移動速度をもつ成分が対流項(bulk flowを指す)を通じて他方の拡散成分の移動速度に及ぼす影響は著しく大きい.この場合に対して非拡散成分を含む3成分系気相における物質移動速度と2成分系における一方拡散の場合のそれとを関連づける因子を提案し, それらの間の相関関係を明らかにした.さらに, この関係に基づく各拡散成分の物質移動速度の推算値が, 着目成分や各成分の濃度および系によらず実測値とおおむね一致することを示した.

著者

小島 輝之 山本 康高 吉川 大弘 古橋 武

出版者

日本感性工学会

雑誌

感性工学研究論文集 (ISSN:13461958)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.63-70, 2007-05-31 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

11

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The purpose of this study is to visualize the impressions on words between two subjects. We employ Semantic Differential (SD) method that is one of the most popular methods to quantify individual subjectivity. The number of dimensions of eachi mpression word is same with that of objects in SD data. It needs to be reduced to less than three dimensions for visualization. This paper proposes the visualization method which focuses on correlations of SD data between two subjects. The impression words are visualized on three-dimensional space where impression words having high correlation between two subjects' SD data are put close one another. We can investigate and discuss the similarities/differences of impression words between two subjects through this visualized space.

著者

横澤 一彦

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.2, pp.2_64-2_82, 1994 (Released:2008-10-03)

参考文献数

33

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Visual search tasks to discover target in distractors are used for performance test of early vision. Fast and spatially parallel detection is taken as evidence that features in question are coded early in the visual process. Targets that are defined by conjunctions of features are usually found through a serial process of checking and rejecting distractors. The search time increases linearly with the number of distractors, suggesting that attention must be focused to each item in turn in order to conjoin features. Based on these recent studies of visual search, a model of visual attention is proposed. It is assumed that a visual image is encoded in a multi-resolution pyramid and attention function selects a sampling area from the pyramid. The function, guided by top-down and bottom-up mechanisms, give priority to sampling. New sampling is reconstructed by combining with previous samplings so that the reconstruction is as visually recognizable as possible at any moment. A computer simulation of the model produces the same general characteristics as human.

著者

苅谷 愛彦 松永 祐 宮澤 洋介 小森 次郎 石井 正樹 佐藤 剛

出版者

公益社団法人 東京地学協会

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.117, no.5, pp.870-877, 2008-10-25 (Released:2010-04-27)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

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The Daisekkei Valley (1600-2300 m ASL) is a late Pleistocene glaciated trough in the northern Japanese Alps, and its attractive landscape has enchanted many climbers. Even today, there is a late-lying snowpatch 2 km long at the bottom of the valley in midsummer. Unique natural conditions in and around the Daisekkei Valley (e.g., Quaternary rapid uplift, complex geology, humid climates, sparse vegetation cover) have been responsible for the occurrence of various geomorphic changes that threaten climbers. This study, using an image data-logger capable of capturing a JPG image with a fixed time-interval in the summer of 2007 reveals supranival debris movements, micro-weather conditions and the behavior of climbers in the Daisekkei Valley. Analysis of captured images indicates that the daily numbers of dangerous supranival debris movements gradually decreased from early June to early August and supranival debris movements were caused by rock fragments moving in from valley walls or tributaries to the snowpatch, as well as posture changes of rock fragments on the snow surface with rapid ablation. Besides, image-inspection allows us to consider the relationships among climber traffic, micro-weather, and holiday almanac. Using an image data-logger for monitoring geomorphic changes is considered to be effective for analyzing alpine environments.

著者

伊藤 博樹 辻本 昌之 大西 剛史 若林 昭宏

出版者

一般社団法人 ターボ機械協会

雑誌

ターボ機械 (ISSN:03858839)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.7, pp.393-397, 2002-07-10 (Released:2011-07-11)

著者

植沢 芳広

出版者

公益社団法人 日本化学会・情報化学部会

雑誌

日本化学会情報化学部会誌 (ISSN:09133747)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.4, pp.114-114, 2008 (Released:2008-12-30)

参考文献数

11