著者
小関 聡美 藤井 陽介 加藤 登 安永 廣作 北上 誠一 新井 健一
出版者
東海大学
雑誌
東海大学紀要. 海洋学部 (ISSN:13487620)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, pp.21-29, 2006-11-30
被引用文献数
2

スケトウダラとパシフィック・ホワィティングの混合肉糊に3% 牛血漿粉末を添加し, 30℃ または50℃ で数時間予備加熱し, さらに90℃ で20 分加熱した. 30℃ で加熱すると, 続く90℃ の加熱によって肉糊は強い坐りゲルを形成するようになり, 二段加熱ゲルの破断強度とゲル剛性は高値に達する. 混合肉中のスケトウダラの割合を増やすと, 破断強度の最大値は比例的に増加するが, ゲル剛性はあまり増加しなかった. 一方, 50℃ で加熱すると肉糊は坐りゲルを形成せず, 全ての二段加熱ゲルの物性は低値に留まった.これらの結果は, 二段加熱ゲルの物性を大きく増強させる牛血漿粉末の機能が, 坐りを伴うゲルと坐りを伴わないゲルに対してでは明らかに異なることを示している.The functional effect of bovine plasma on heat-induced gel formation of the mixture of salt-ground meats from walleye pollack and Pacific whiting surimi was investigated in connection with preheating temperature.The mixture of salt-ground meats was preheated at 30 or 50℃ for several hours in the presence of 3% bovine plasma powder, and subsequently heated at 90℃ for 20 minutes to prepare two-step heated gel.Preheating of the mixture of salt-ground meats with bovine plasma at 30℃ increased the breaking strength and the gel stiffness of two-step heated gel. The maximum values of breaking strength were proportionally increased with rising of the ratio of walleye pollack surimi in the mixture, but those of gel stiffness were not increased. On the other hand, the preheating of the mixture with bovine plasma at 50℃ did not promote gel formation and consequently the breaking strength as well as the gel stiffness of all of two-step heating gels remained lower values.These results indicated that a functional effect of bovine plasma powder on the heat-induced gel formation of salt-ground meats with and without setting was evidently different.
著者
関 彌一郎
出版者
横浜国立大学
雑誌
横浜国立大学人文紀要. 第一類, 哲学・社会科学 (ISSN:05135621)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, pp.A23-A45, 1977-11-30

In England, an interesting and important Act called "Congenital Disabilities (Civil Liability) Act" came into force on July 22, 1976. Although the Act passed the Parliament as being a provisional step (interim measure) pending more comprehensive legislation, it may, at the present stage, be considered as a definite criterion whereby the litigious conflicts between the injured child born disabled or with disabilities and the negligent person who has produced an effect on the child en ventre sa mere would be decided. The gists of the provisions in the Act are as follows: (i) A child born alive with a disability caused by someone's fault, either before or at the time of its birth, or before conception, should be entitled to sue in respect of that disability-Sec. (1) & (2). (Only a child of the first generation is entitled to sue.) In relation to pre-concepetion occurances, the defendant, provided he is not the father, is not liable to the child if either or both of the parents knew of the risk of the child being born disabled as a result of such occurances-Sec. 1 (4). (ii) A child so born can not sue its mother if her conduct was the cause of its disability-Sec. 1 (1), except when that disability was a result of her negligent driving of a motor vehicle whilst pregnant with it-Sec. 2.(There is no such limitation on the child's right to sue its father.) (iii) A defendant is not liable in respect of a disabled birth if the advice or treatment given by him in a professional capacity is in accordance with "then received professional opinion." The mere fact of a departure from such an opinion does not necessarily involve liability-Sec. 1 (5). (This is a reflection of rules of the Common Law and is included in order to avoid doubt.) (iv) The fact that the mother is volenti, enters into a contract whereby a third party's liability was excluded or limited, or is contributorily negligent, will adversely affect any action by the child when born alive-Sec. 1 (6) & (7). However, a parent's predecease, failure to take action or inability to take action because he or she suffered no actionable injury, will not debar the action of the child-Sec. 1 (3). (v) The compensation provisions of the Section 7 to 11 of the Nuclear Installations Act, 1965, is to be applied, where damage results from a nuclear incident, and a child is born subsequently with disabilities which are attributable to the incident-Sec. 3 (1)-(3). And in such a case, the contributory fault of the plaintiff is regarded as the contributory fault of person under the Section 13 (6) of the aforesaid Act-Sec. 3 (4). (vi) Damages for loss of expectation of life can not be recovered unless the child lives for at least 48 hours-Sec. 4 (4). In these provisions, there are several problematic points of view whereof we have to take notice carefully. For instance, the liability under this Act is said to be called "derivative liability", because "just as in life injuries to the child may be ascribed to an event involving the parent, so in law liability to the child is derived from liability to the parent" (cf. Mr. R. Carter, H.C. vol. 904, col. 1592). As regards such a kind of civil liability, here remains a certain kind of ambiguity or obscurity, as is expressly mentioned by the Law Commission that there were "technical" difficulties in stating a general rule (Law Com. Report, Para. 45-52 & 75). And for instance, it is said that Section 1 (6) of the said Act created a new exception to the doctrine of "privity of contract" (cf. M.D.A. Freeman's annotations of this Act). And again for instance, it is said that the said Act effects, regardless of the attitude of common law, or contrary to the way of thinking of common law, a revival of that notorious doctrine of "Identification" (cf. P. J. Pace, M.L.R. vol. 40, No. 2, p. 157). To his regret, the present writer could hardly realize these difficult points completely. Still more, there stand a good many Common Law rules or doctrines all of which are hard nuts to crack for him, -for example, a well-known legal maxim of "Actio personalis moritur cum persona [A personal action dies with the person]," or "Damnum sine injuria esse potest [There may be damage or loss inflicted without any act being done which the law deems an injury]," or "Volenti non fit injuria [That to which a man consents cannot be considered an injury]," etc. And more, "neighbour principle" in the case of Donoghue v. Stevenson as to the duty of care in the law of torts, or "sine qua non [without which nothing] rule" as to the proving a causal nexus between the defendant's wrongful act and the plaintiff's defective condition on birth, or "last opportunity doctrine" as to the contributory negligence, and so on. All these profound rules, doctrines, or principles above, are, in the writer's view, too complicated to understand, and still ought to be searched and studied in order to deeply comprehend this Act in the context of Common Law tradition. At any rate, it would be the fact that this Parliamentary Act considering the protection and/or remedy (albeit they means only "compensation") of children who are injured owing to "some person's fault" as in the Thalidmide or Minamat types of cases, established the progressive or one-step advanced principle, by which the conventional rules of Common Law would get to be shaken or shocked. Thus, these traditional rules are sure to be re-examined in compliance with the "Zeitgeist" of this age. Now, the present author brings to his mind the seemingly well-worn proverbs, "Hard cases make bad law," as well as "Hard cases make good law." Didn't we Japanese, feel those tragic cases of Thalidmide and Minamat litigations as "hard cases"? And shall we think of this Act in England, as "a bad law" or "a good law"? If it be bad or good, the author considers, we Japanese, especially members of Legislature, seriously have to watch the application and effect of this noteworthy Act, with eyes wide-open and with keen interest.
著者
樫村 修生 川野 因 田中 越郎 前田 直樹 関口 健
出版者
東京農業大学
雑誌
東京農業大学農学集報 (ISSN:03759202)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.3, pp.119-124, 2004-12

本研究では,箱根駅伝出場をめざす大学陸上競技長距離選手において,短期的な高所トレーニング合宿時の栄養調査およびHb濃度測定を実施した。ヘモグロビン濃度は8名が低下傾向を示す,いわゆる貧血症状であった。貧血傾向にある選手にヘム鉄剤を服用し,貧血の改善が可能かどうか検討した。その結果,鉄剤服用選手は,合宿直後および2週間後においてヘモグロビン濃度が改善された。また,合宿前のHb濃度は,1年生が4年生の濃度より有意に低かった。また,本合宿時における1日の鉄分摂取量は平均10.5mgであり,不足気味であった。我々は,貧血検査,鉄剤服用および栄養改善などの貧血予防対策により箱根駅伝出場を果たすことができたと推察する。
著者
関口千春
雑誌
呼吸と循環
巻号頁・発行日
vol.45, no.10, pp.983-994, 1997
被引用文献数
1
著者
加藤有己 関 浩之 嵩 忠雄
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理学会研究報告バイオ情報学(BIO) (ISSN:09196072)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2006, no.99, pp.33-40, 2006-09-15

シュードノットを含むRNA の2次構造をモデル化する形式文法がいくつか提案されている.本論文では,文脈自由文法の自然な拡張でありシュードノットを表現できる多重文脈自由文法(MCFG)に着目し,確率MCFG(SMCFG)と呼ばれる確率モデルに拡張する.次に,多項式時間で確率最大の導出木を求める構文解析アルゴリズム及びEM アルゴリズムに基づく確率パラメータ推定アルゴリズムを与える.さらに,SMCFG の構文解析アルゴリズムを用いたRNA シュードノット構造予測に関する実験結果を示す.Several formal grammars have been proposed for modeling RNA secondary structure including pseudoknots. In this paper, we focus on multiple context-free grammars (MCFGs), which are natural extension of context-free grammars and can represent pseudoknots, and extend MCFGs to a probabilistic model called stochastic MCFG (SMCFG). We present a polynomial time parsing algorithm for finding the most probable derivation tree and a probability parameter estimation algorithm based on the EM algorithm. Furthermore, we show some experimental results on RNA pseudoknot prediction using the SMCFG parsing algorithm.
著者
田中 翔 加藤 有己 関 浩之
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
研究報告バイオ情報学(BIO) (ISSN:09196072)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2009, no.25, pp.37-40, 2009-02-26

シュードノットを含むRNAの2次構造予測に対するアプローチとして,文脈自由文法(CFG)より表現能力の高い形式文法(MCFQTAG等)の構文解析アルゴリズムに基づく手法が提案されている。また,汎用性と精度の向上を目指し,複数の1次構造同士の比較解析に基づく2次構造予測法もいくつか提案されている。本稿では,比較解析ができるようにMCFを拡張したペア確率多重文脈自由文法(Pair-SMCFG)を新たに定義し,これに基づくRNAの2次構造予測法を提案する。長さ70程度のRNA配列に対して2次構造予測を行ったところ,RNAの特定のファミリーに対する文法の特化を全く行わないという条件下であっても,適合率63.2%,再現率62.0%という結果を得た。Several methods for the prediction of RNA secondary structure including pseudoknots have been proposed based on parsing algorithms for formal grammars such as MCFG and TAG, of which generative power is greater than CFG. Also, comparative sequence analysis, which compares several RNAs and predicts their secondary structures, is a promissing approach. In this paper, we define pair-stochastic multiple context-free grammar (Pair-SMCFG) and propose a prediction method based on Pair-SMCFG. Pair-SMCFG is an extension of MCFG for comparative sequence analysis. Experimential results show that for RNA which have about 70 bases, the precision and recall of our algorithm are 63.2% and 62.0% respectively.
著者
佐藤 里江子 界 義久 関根 聡 東盛 裕一 井上 靖之 首藤 啓三 柳澤 雅弘 山田 泰文 鈴木 安弘
出版者
一般社団法人電子情報通信学会
雑誌
電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. EMD, 機構デバイス
巻号頁・発行日
vol.97, no.232, pp.31-36, 1997-08-22

波長変換回路は、将来の光波ネットワークにおける光クロスコネクトや光処理回路等への適用が期待されている。今回、我々はパッシブアライメント技術を用いて、スポットサイズ変換付き半導体アンプ(SS-SOA)アレイをプレーナ光波回路(PLC)プラットフォーム上に搭載し、ハイブリッド集積波長変換モジュールを実現した。パッシブアライメントにおいては、マーカの赤外反射像を多値画像認識処理し自動位置調整を行う。本方法では、赤外反射光を用いることによって観測するマーカのコントラストが向上し、搭載精度の向上が可能である。作製したモジュールでは、低損失(4.2dB)、低駆動電流(<15mA)の波長変換特性を実現した。また、622Mb/sへの信号入出力特性においても良好なアイパターンを確認した。
著者
佐藤 里江子 界 義久 関根 聡 東盛 裕一 井上 靖之 首藤 啓三 柳澤 雅弘 山田 泰文 鈴木 安弘
出版者
一般社団法人電子情報通信学会
雑誌
電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. CPM, 電子部品・材料
巻号頁・発行日
vol.97, no.234, pp.31-36, 1997-08-22

波長変換回路は、将来の光波ネットワークにおける光クロスコネクトや光処理回路等への適用が期待されている。今回、我々はパッシブアライメント技術を用いて、スポットサイズ変換付き半導体アンプ(SS-SOA)アレイをプレーナ光波回路(PLC)プラットフォーム上に搭載し、ハイブリッド集積波長変換モジュールを実現した。パッシブアライメントにおいては、マーカの赤外反射像を多値画像認識処理し自動位置調整を行う。本方法では、赤外反射光を用いることによって観測するマーカのコントラストが向上し、搭載精度の向上が可能である。作製したモジュールでは、低損失(4.2dB)、低駆動電流(<15mA)の波長変換特性を実現した。また、622Mb/sへの信号入出力特性においても良好なアイパターンを確認した。
著者
小山 和弘 小笠原 伸子 青野 美弘 梶原 博視 関口 久紀
出版者
日本医療薬学会
雑誌
医療薬学 = Japanese journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences (ISSN:1346342X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.1, pp.24-28, 2001-02-10
被引用文献数
2

We investigated the relationship between the serum vancomycin concentration and the initial dosage regimen. Furthermore, we evaluated the dose and dosage interval for the therapeutic level (trough< 10μg/mL, peak 25-40μg/mL) and the toxic level (trough>15μg/mL).<BR>The percentage of the concentration within the therapeutic level was 0% and the percentage over the toxic level was 71% regarding a vancomycin dose of 500mg every 6 hours. The percentage of the concentration within the therapeutic level was 0% and the percentage over a toxic level was 23% regarding a dose of 500 mg every 12 hours. The percentage of the concentration within therapeutic level was 0% and the percentage over the toxic level was 33% regarding a dose of 1, 000mg every 12 hours. The percentage of the concentration within the therapeutic level was 21% and the percentage over the toxic level was 11% regarding a dose of 1, 000mg every 24 hours. The percentage of the concentration within the therapeutic level was 33% and the percentage over the toxic level was 10% regarding a dose of 1, 500mg every 24 hours. As a result, a dose of 1, 500mg every 24 hours was found to achieve the most appropriate therapeutic levels. On the other hand, a dose of 500mg every 6 hours showed a poor percentage of the concentration over the toxic level.