著者

Jörn Nielsen Patrik Nilsson Anna Dahlman-Höglund Kerstin Kronholm Diab Maria Albin Monica Kåredal Bo Jönsson Aneta Wierzbicka Anders Gudmundsson

出版者

(公社)日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

Journal of Occupational Health (ISSN:13419145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.5, pp.470-476, 2016-09-20 (Released:2016-09-30)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

7

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Objective: Hairdressers have an increased risk for airway symptoms especially when using hair-bleaching powder containing persulfate. To minimize exposure, dust-free bleaching powder (DFP) has been made available. We studied the effects of regular powder (RP) or DFP on the airway symptoms of hairdressers with hair-bleaching associated rhinitis. Methods: Twelve hairdressers each performed three hair-bleachings on a wig in an exposure chamber. Half of the subjects used RP and half used DFP. Exposure to persulfate and ammonia was measured. Before and after each bleaching, the participants stated their degree of airway symptoms on a visual analogue scale. Nasal lavage and blood were sampled before exposure, after the last bleaching, and in the morning after exposure to measure inflammatory markers. Results: Exposure to persulfate was higher when using RP compared to DFP, 22 (11-55) vs. 12 (8-13) μg/m3; median (min-max). Exposure to ammonia did not differ between the groups. Both groups reported an increase in asthma-like symptoms and this increase was significant. Neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes increased after exposure in both groups; monocytes decreased the day after. In nasal lavage, IL-8 was increased the morning after for both types of powder, and the increase was significant in the total group. IL-6 increased immediately after exposure and the day after only in the group using RP. Conclusions: Although DFP powder emits lower levels of persulfate, effects are still elicited in symptomatic hairdressers.

著者

遠山 貴己 Can Shao Hong-Gang Luo Hantao Lu

出版者

一般社団法人 日本物理学会

雑誌

日本物理学会講演概要集 71.1 (ISSN:21890803)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1541, 2016-03-19 (Released:2017-07-10)

著者

多田 由紀 川野 因 田中 越郎 前田 良之 高橋 英一 古庄 律 上岡 美保 日田 安寿美 新村 洋一 貝沼 章子 高野 克己 Yuki Tada Kawano Yukari Tanaka Etsuro Maeda Yoshiyuki Takahashi Eiichi Furusho Tadasu kamioka Miho Hida Azumi Niimura Youichi Kainuma Akiko Takano Katsumi 東京農業大学応用生物科学部栄養科学科 東京農業大学応用生物科学部栄養科学科 東京農業大学応用生物科学部栄養科学科 東京農業大学応用生物科学部生物応用化学科 東京農業大学応用生物科学部教養分野 東京農業大学短期大学部栄養学科 東京農業大学国際食料情報学部食料環境経済学科 東京農業大学応用生物科学部栄養科学科 東京農業大学応用生物科学部バイオサイエンス学科 東京農業大学応用生物科学部醸造科学科 東京農業大学応用生物科学部生物応用化学科 Department of Nutritional Science Faculty of Applied Bio Science Tokyo University of Agriculture Department of Nutritional Science Faculty of Applied Bio Science Tokyo University of Agriculture Department of Nutritional Science Faculty of Applied Bio Science Tokyo University of Agriculture Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry Faculty of Applied Bio Science Tokyo University of Agriculture Fundamental Arts and Science Faculty of Applied Bio Science Tokyo University of Agriculture Department of Nutrition Junior College of Tokyo University of Agriculture Department of Food Environment Economics Faculty of International Agriculture and Food Studies Tokyo University of Agriculture Department of Nutritional Science Faculty of Applied Bio Science Tokyo University of Agriculture Department of Bio-Science Faculty of Applied Bio Science Tokyo University of Agriculture Department of Fermentation Sciences Faculty of Applied Bio Science Tokyo University of Agriculture Fundamental Arts and Science Faculty of Applied Bio Science Tokyo University of Agriculture

出版者

東京農業大学

雑誌

東京農業大学農学集報 (ISSN:03759202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.4, pp.322-329,

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応用生物科学部1年生を対象に,食育トライアル授業として,食の生産,安全管理,健康管理などに関する10回の講義と2回の農業体験(種まき,収穫作業等)を実施し,学生の授業への出席状況及び授業前後のアンケートによって,プログラムの内容および学生の食育に対する知識,意欲等の変化を評価した。応用生物科学部全学科の学生に授業への参加を呼びかけた結果,授業の出席者は27名であり,栄養科学科の学生が20名と最も多く,参加学生の学科構成に偏りがみられた。授業の初回に行ったアンケートの回答者は24名,最終回に行ったアンケートの回答者は11名であった。授業後のアンケートでは,「食育活動への興味は深まったか」「知りたい情報は得られたか」「参加後,農業と食の関連に対する考えが変わったか」「授業として開講された場合受講するか」という問いに対し,それぞれ73~91%が「はい」と回答し,「授業への総合的な満足度」についても73%が「(非常に)満足である」と回答した。「農業」に原点をおいた食育トライアル授業によって,食べ物の成長を通した気づきと感動,生産者への感謝の気持ち,環境への配慮,栄養と健康との関連知識の習得等に寄与することができたと考えられる。今後は授業への参加者数を増やし,結果の一般化可能性について検討するとともに,授業の実現に向けた人的・物的資源の問題について検討する必要がある。We aimed to evaluate changes in both knowledge of dietary education (Shokuiku) and in motivation, in first-year students of the Faculty of Applied Biosciences who attended a voluntary Shokuiku program in 2008. The program comprised 10 lectures on food production, safety management, and health management, as well as 2 farming practicum classes (seed sowing, harvesting, etc.). Twenty of the 27 students who attended the courses belonged to the Department of Nutritional Sciences. We received responses from 24 and 11 students to questionnaires administered before and after the program, respectively. We obtained a "yes" answer 73-91% of the time in response to the following questions : 1) Was your interest in dietary education activities enhanced? 2) Were you able to obtain the information you sought? 3) After attending these courses, did your understanding of the relationship between farming and diet change? and 4) Would you take this course if it were officially offered as a class? Seventy-three percent of students replied that they were very satisfied with the courses. By placing "farming" as the central principle, these courses contributed to food awareness and appreciation, feelings of gratitude toward producers, consideration for the environment, and knowledge acquisition about the relationship between nutrition and health. Future studies should address the generalizability by examining a larger pool of participants. In addition, other issues such as human and material resources should be considered in realization of the Shokuiku program curriculum.

著者

Renata Grespan Marcia Paludo Henrique de Paula Lemos Carmem Patrícia Barbosa Ciomar Aparecida Bersani-Amado Marcia Machado de Oliveira Dalalio Roberto Kenji Nakamura Cuman

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.10, pp.1818-1820, 2012-10-01 (Released:2012-10-01)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

8 37

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This study was designed to test the efficacy of eugenol, a compound obtained from the essential oil of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a well characterized murine model of rheumatoid arthritis. Macroscopic clinical evidence of CIA manifests first as periarticular erythema and edema in the hind paws. Treatment with eugenol starting at the onset of arthritis (day 25) ameliorated these clinical signs of CIA. Furthermore, eugenol inhibited mononuclear cell infiltration into the knee joints of arthritic mice and also lowered the levels of cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor growth factor (TGF)-β) within the ankle joints. Eugenol treatment did not affect the in vitro cell viability as assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Therefore, eugenol ameliorates experimental arthritis and could be useful as a beneficial supplement in treating human arthritis.

著者

Taku Yano Akiyoshi Morisaki Kimiaki Matsubara Shun-ichiro Ito Masaharu Kitano

出版者

一般社団法人 園芸学会

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.OKD-051, (Released:2017-07-21)

被引用文献数

4

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To establish cultural practice based on a consecutive growth model for potted 1-year-old seedlings of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.), growth analysis by classical and functional approaches was conducted under different light conditions and air temperatures over 2.5 years, and the active growth of potted seedlings in the greenhouse was investigated. Under the classical approach, the general change patterns of relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were hard to determine because of irregularities including quiescence of vegetative growth. Under the functional approach, plant mass modeled using linear, exponential, power-law, monomolecular, three-parameter logistic, four-parameter logistic (4L), and Gompertz functions showed significant correlations with the observed plant mass. 4L was the best model because it showed the highest r, and the lowest root mean square error and Akaike Information Criterion, so RGR and NAR were estimated by 4L. Analysis of the RGR components showed significant positive correlations between RGR and NAR. Analysis of covariance indicated the NAR costs for increasing RGR were lower in the greenhouse than in open culture; this was explained by differences in specific leaf area (SLA). Therefore, in greenhouse culture, growth was primarily enhanced by NAR as net photosynthesis and underpinned by SLA as a morphological trait improvement for the relatively low light intensity compared with open culture. A multiple regression model for NAR using the pooled data (n = 60) suggested solar radiation had a positive effect (P < 0.0001) and air temperature had a negative effect (P < 0.01) on NAR.

著者

永井 教之 村田 勝 辻極 秀次 井上 正久 長塚 仁 中野 敬介 赤木 巧 衣田 圭宏 完山 学 秦 春林 張 紹全 此内 浩信 韓 松 黄 炳珍 譚 軍 劉 桂需 Gomah Atia 日比 一光 Noriyuki Nagai Masaru Murata Hidetsugu Tsujigiwa Masahisa Inoue Hitoshi Nagatsuka Keisuke Nakano Takumi Akagi Yoshihiro Kinuta Manabu Kanyama Chun-Lin Qin Shao-Quan Zhang Hironobu Konouchi Song Han Bing-Zhen Huang Jun Tan Gui-Ru Liu Atia Gomah kazumitsu Hibi 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 岡山大学歯学部口腔病理学講座 Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School Department of Oral Pathology Okayama University Dental School

雑誌

日本硬組織研究技術学会雑誌 = Journal of hard tissue biology (ISSN:13405179)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.163-173, 1996-07-10

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

3

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A modofied method was established to extracted BMP from bovine bone. SDS-PAGE and Westen blotting were apllied to analize the components of this partially purified BMP. In addition the amino acid sequence was studied using protein sequencer to analyze the unknown bands. Type I collagen derived from bone was used as a carrier whose properties and advantages were studied. The following conclusions are made from this study. 1. The limitation of molecluar weight in tbe early step of BMP purification procedure improves purification efficiency and stability, which makes the applicadon of BMP in big animalos possible. 2. In this method the purified BMP product also contains histone H3, histone 2B and other unknown proteins as well as BMP-2. 3. The atelocollagen derived from bone has proved to be an useful carrier for BMP. This carrier shows characteristics of self absorption and recalcification when embedded in tissues. 4. The minimun bone induction dose of BMP at each step (G-Ext:500μg, Hep:30μg, S200:50μg) and the optimal bone induction dose(G-Ext:5.0mg, Hep:2.0mg, S200:0.3mg) are determined, which makes the applicalion of BMP in cellular biology possible.

著者

Je-myung Shim

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.12, pp.1225-1228, 2012 (Released:2013-01-17)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

8 8

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[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the degrees of changes in the gait and feet when walking on a treadmill using Nordic poles and without Nordic poles for 30 minutes. [Subjects] The participants of this study were 30 young adult males. The subjects were divided into a Nordic pole walking group of 15 subjects and a normal walking group of 15 subjects. [Methods] The subjects in both groups were encouraged to face forward and walk in comfortable postures on the treadmill. They did not wear any shoes during walking, and the speed of the treadmill was set to the average of the speeds at which the subjects could comfortably walk in both groups. We measured the gait and feet. [Results] In the Nordic pole group, step length was significantly increased. The rate of each segment from heel contact to foot flat and foot flat to heel off during the stance phase after gait showed significant differences between before and after the experiment. [Conclusion] The results of this study indicate that Nordic pole walking increases the stride and can be considered as helping patients with a disease affecting their gait. Since the use of Nordic poles shortens the time from foot flat to heel off, it is considered that the use of Nordic poles can shorten the midstance during the stance phase.

著者

Shinichi Furihata Sachi Ninomiya-Lim

出版者

一般社団法人 日本環境教育学会

雑誌

環境教育 (ISSN:09172866)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.4, pp.4_1-6, 2017 (Released:2017-07-19)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

3

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This special issue is the result of a 2-year collaborative project involving environmental education (EE) societies/associations from Japan, Korea, Taiwan, North America, and Australia. The aim of the project was to create a platform to share ideas, practices, and theories of EE in the Asian region, with English as the common language. The discussion was organized around five core themes: 1) Development, current situation, and challenges of EE in formal education; 2) Development, current situation, and challenges of EE in non-formal education; 3) Research trends in EE; 4) Insights for EE in Asia from outside of Asia; 5) Review, comparison, and synthesis of findings to go beyond a presentation of EE in various countries and instead highlight the recurring transversal issues. We hope this special issue will contribute to furthering dialogue among EE scholars and practitioners in Asia, and to building bridges between EE in Asia and other regions.

著者

Cheng CHUKO Li-Fang CHEN

出版者

日本デザイン学会

雑誌

デザイン学研究 (ISSN:09108173)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.1_57-1_66, 2016-05-31 (Released:2016-08-05)

参考文献数

31

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After the society experiences the western feminist movement, its pursuit of gender equality occurs subsequently. This pursuit is also commonly seen in the promotion of gender equality. However, a gender stereotype seems to exist in various types of design thinking, amounting to showing designers' fixed gender values and the influence of the values. This study investigate differences in gender perception of product design, including the analysis of differences in gender consciousness in versatile product designs, the design of binding women's freedom, the design of installing and reduplicating a concept that women should help the husband and teach the children at home, and the design of consolidating the social status of men, shaping male images or professional images. Along the line, this study provides a careful examination of these designs, and considers possible changes in the future of design thinking.

著者

Asmaa G. SALEH Shehata I. ANWAR Osama M. ABAS Hoda A. ABD-ELLATIEFF Mohamed NASR Ibrahim SALEH Hideto FUKUSHI Tokuma YANAI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.17-0076, (Released:2017-07-15)

被引用文献数

5

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This study aimed to investigate the neuropathogenesis of equine herpes virus 9 (EHV-9) by studying the effects of a single point mutation introduced in two different EHV-9 genes. The two EHV-9 mutants, 14R and 19R, were generated carrying a point mutation in two separate EHV-9 genes. These mutants, along with the wild-type EHV-9, were used to infect a hamster model. The EHV-9- and 19R-infected groups showed earlier and more severe clinical signs of infection than the 14R-infected group. The white blood cells (WBCs) count was significantly increased in both EHV-9- and 19R-infected groups compared to the 14R-infected group at the 4th day post infection (DPI). Viremia was also detected earlier in both EHV-9- and 19R-infected groups than 14R-infected group. There were differences in the anterograde transmission pattern of both EHV-9 and 19R compared to 14R inside the brain. Serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ levels were significantly increased in both EHV-9- and 19R-infected groups compared to the 14R-infected group. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the mean group scores for the entire brain were significantly higher in both EHV-9- and 19R- infected groups than 14R-infected group. Collectively, these results confirm that the gene product of Open Reading Frame 19 (ORF19) plays an important role in EHV-9 neuropathogenicity and that the mutation in ORF19 is responsible for the attenuation of EHV-9.

著者

Saejong YOO Jiyong KIM Hyun-Wook MYUNG Suhan WOO Dai-Jung CHUNG A-Jin LEE Han-Jun KIM Sun-Hee DO Hwi-Yool KIM

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.1, pp.192-196, 2017 (Released:2017-01-24)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

4

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A 12-year-old, spayed female Schnauzer presented with constipation. A mass was observed in the pelvic cavity, and metastasis was not identified. Mass resection was performed through celiotomy with pubic osteotomy, and hemangiosarcoma was diagnosed. At 10 weeks post-operatively, the patient died of multiple metastasis. Primary intrapelvic hemangiosarcoma is rare in dogs.

著者

SU Shih-Hao KUO Hung-Chi HSU Li-Huan YANG Yi-Ting

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.5, pp.721-736, 2012

被引用文献数

57

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We studied the temporal and spatial characteristics of extreme typhoon rainfall in Taiwan using Central Weather Bureau hourly precipitation data from 21 surface stations during the past 51 years (1960-2010). Extreme rainfall is defined as 95th percentile intensity of total rain events, or equivalently, rain events greater than 9 mm hr^-1 which contribute 40% to the total rain amount in Taiwan. It was found that approximately 70% (20%) of extreme rain is in the typhoon season (Mei-Yu) from July to October (from May to June). There are significant variations of typhoon extreme rainfall over the annual and decadal time scales, with larger extreme rainfall values and events in the periods of 1960-1976 and 1994-2010, and less in the 1977-1993 period. The recent 1994-2009 period has the most extreme rainfall and events, as well as, inter-annual variability. In contrast, there are strong inter-annual variations of Mei-Yu extreme rainfall, but no significant decadal variations. The averaged typhoon rain intensity, however, is about the same, being 19 mm hr^-1 in all these three periods. Our analysis indicates that the typhoon extreme rainfall spatial pattern is phased locked with the Central Mountain Range, Taiwan. In general, the amount of extreme rainfall was related to the typhoon translation speed and duration time, but not typhoon intensity. Slower speeds and longer duration time lead to larger extreme rainfall values. Our analysis also indicate that the mean duration time of Taiwan landfall typhoons with northern tracks (tracks north of 23 degrees latitude) is about 3 hours longer than that of southern track typhoons in the last 51 years, and is more likely to produce three times as much extreme rainfall. The interactions of summer or winter monsoons with typhoons are also important factors that may contribute to the extreme rainfall in Taiwan. Examples of extreme rainfall due to typhoon circulation interaction with summer and winter monsoon flows are presented. Monsoon water vapor supply, typhoon slow translation speed, and mesoscale convection due to typhoon-monsoon flow interactions are the key factors in extreme precipitation events.

著者

マッシミリア-ノ トマシ

出版者

名古屋大学

雑誌

名古屋大学人文科学研究 (ISSN:09109803)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.141-150, 1996-03

被引用文献数

1

著者

金敬黙 マーカス・ベル スーザン・メナデュー・チョン編著 = A North Korean refugee in Japan : Hana's stories : Japanese-English bilingual edition / Kyungmook Kim Markus Bell Susan Menadue-Chun

出版者

アジアプレス・インターナショナル出版部

巻号頁・発行日

2016

著者

Kin-ya KUBO Yukiko ICHIHASHI Chika KURATA Mitsuo IINUMA Daisuke MORI Tasuku KATAYAMA Hidekazu MIYAKE Shu FUJIWARA Yasuo TAMURA

出版者

オカジマ・フォリア・アナトミカ・ヤポニカ編集部

雑誌

Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica (ISSN:0030154X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.3, pp.135-140, 2010 (Released:2012-02-10)

参考文献数

88

被引用文献数

5 21

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Recent studies have suggest that masticatory (chewing) function is useful for maintaining neurocognitive function in the elderly. For example, a reduced ability to masticate, such as that resulting from toothlessness or soft-diet feeding, causes learning and memory deficits in aged animals and pathologic changes in the hippocampus. In addition, occlusal disharmony impairs hippocampal memory processes via chronic stress, and induces similar hippocampal pathology. Chewing, however, rescues stress-induced suppression of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus and the stress-induced impairment of hippocampal-dependent learning. These findings strongly suggest a link between mastication and neurocognitive function.

著者

石塚 昌範 児玉 安正 Masanori ISHIZUKA Yasu-Masa KODAMA 弘前大学大学院理工学研究科:(現)八戸市役所 弘前大学理工学部 Department of Earth Sciences Graduate School of Hirosaki University:(Present affrication)The government of Hachinohe city Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Hirosaki University

出版者

日本気象学会

雑誌

天気 = Tenki (ISSN:05460921)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.9, pp.673-687, 2001-09-30

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2

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TRMM(熱帯降雨観測衛星)の多重センサー(PR:降雨レーダー, VIRS:可視赤外観測装置, TMI:マイクロ波放射計, LIS:雷観測装置)観測データに, GMS(静止気象衛星ひまわり)の短時間間隔の赤外画像や他の気象データを併用して, 九州南方海上に発現したにんじん雲の三次元構造と周囲の循環について事例解析を行った.にんじん状雲の構造は, 西に尖った角状の先端部と, 雲域が連続的に大きく広がる東部で, 大きく異なっていた.先端部では, にんじん状雲の走向にほぼ直交する縞状の雲列がみられた.各雲列の北端には背の高い対流セルがあり, そこからセルの動きに相対的な上層の風によりアンビルが広がることで雲列が作られていた.西側のセルほど新しくアンビルの伸びが少ないため, 西に尖った形状が作られていた.東部では, 背の高い積乱雲が線状に並び, この線状降水帯の南北に上層風により広がったアンビル雲がみられた.降水帯の南北で降水構造に非対称性がみられた.南側では上層で多くの降水粒子が観測されたが, 地上での降水は弱い.一方, 北側では中層から下で層状性の降水が広い範囲で活発であった.A carrot-shaped(or tapering)cloud system developed to the south of Kyushu Island was studied using TRMM(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission)multi-sensor observations by PR(Precipitation Radar), VIRS(Visible and Infrared Scanner), TMI(TRMM Microwave Image), and LIS(Lightning Imaging Sensor). We also utilized GMS(Geostationary Meteorological Satellite)frequent IR observations and other meteorogical data. Structure of the cloud system was quite different between the tip portion sharpened in the west and the eastern portion where the upper-level cloud canopy extended continuously. In the tip portion, banded cloud streaks extended almost perpendicular to the axis of the carrot-shaped cloud system. Each cloud streak was an anvil extended from a deep convective cell located at the northern end of the streak. The anvils elongated along relative upper-level wind to the cell motion. Since the extension of anvils was smaller for the newer cells existed near the western tip, tapering shape of the cloud system was maintained. In the eastern part of the cloud system, a strong precipitation line composed of deep convective cells appeared and upper-level anvil clouds widely spread to the both sides of the line. In the southern side of the line, the anvil clouds contained much precipitation-size ice particles, and surface rain was scare due to evaporation of particles under the cloud base, except several sporadic convective rainfalls. In the northern side of the line, fairly strong stratiform rain was found over a wide area below the midtroposphere.

著者

Jun-ichiro Masuda Yukio Ozaki Michikazu Hiramatsu Kaori Sakai Junghee Kim Hiroshi Okubo

出版者

一般社団法人 園芸学会

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.OKD-082, (Released:2017-07-04)

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Effects of photoperiod and temperature on rhizome enlargement (dormancy induction) and accompanied dormancy depth were investigated in this study. Nine-day-old seedlings were transplanted from 26 July at 1 week intervals, and they were grown under a natural photoperiod for 5 weeks in an unheated greenhouse in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. Although subterranean stems elongated in the plants grown until 30 August or 6 September, enlarged rhizomes were formed in those grown until 13 September or 20 September. It was revealed from these results that the lotus recognizes a natural photoperiod after 6 September as a short day. When 9 treatments of day length combinations (LD0+SD8–LD8+SD0) were applied to the seedlings, the plants grown under short day after long day treatment of 0 (LD0+SD8), 1 (LD1+SD7), 2 (LD2+SD6), 3 (LD3+SD5), 4 (LD4+SD4), 5 (LD5+SD3), 6 (LD6+SD2), or 7 (LD7+SD1) weeks formed enlarged rhizomes from the fifth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, tenth, twelfth, and fourteenth internodes, respectively. Although photoperiodic treatment in the first week was different between LD0+SD8 and LD1+SD7 treatments, subterranean stems began to enlarge from the same internode (fifth internode) in both treatments. This indicates that photoperiod treatments for the first week do not affect morphology of subterranean stems. Seven treatments of day length combinations (LD2+SD0+LD6–LD2+SD6+LD0) were applied to seedlings after long day treatment for 2 weeks. Enlarged subterranean stems were observed in the plants grown under short day for 6 weeks (LD2+SD6+LD0), but not in those under long day for 6 weeks (LD2+SD0+LD6). On the other hand, subterranean stems elongated again after rhizome enlargement under a subsequent long day following 1 (LD2+SD1+LD5), 2 (LD2+SD2+LD4), 3 (LD2+SD3+LD3), or 4 (LD2+SD4+LD2) weeks of short day. This clarified that morphogenesis in subterranean stems is completely dependent on photoperiod. Further, it is expected that such growth resumption may be attributed to a weak dormant state in the enlarged rhizome. The enlarged rhizomes were exposed to natural low temperatures to examine environmental factors for deepening dormancy. Rhizomes sprouted in all treatments irrespective of exposure to low temperatures when they were transferred to ideal conditions. Rapid growth in leaves and subterranean stems was particularly observed by exposure to low temperature. It was suggested that low temperature is an environmental factor for releasing dormancy, but not for deepening dormancy. It is proposed from these results that subterranean stem growth is completely dependent on photoperiod, and that enlarged rhizomes show weak dormancy.

著者

Won-gyu Yoo

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.6, pp.1043-1044, 2017 (Released:2017-06-07)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2

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[Purpose] This study examined the activation of the rhomboid muscle according to the angle of the arm. [Subjects and Methods] The current study was conducted on 15 healthy males. The participants performed the pulling exercise in 5 conditions. The surface electromyography system was used to measure the muscle activities of the rhomboid and upper trapezius. [Results] The activity of the upper trapezius in condition 5 was significantly increased compared to that in condition 4. The activity of the rhomboid in condition 4 was significantly increased compared to that in conditions 1 and 5. [Conclusion] This study showed that performing a pulling exercise with the arms raised above the head (shoulder flexion at 120°) is more effective for reducing upper trapezius tension, while also selectively strengthening the rhomboid muscle.

著者

Won-Hwee Lee Min-Seok Ko

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.6, pp.1021-1024, 2017 (Released:2017-06-07)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

9

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[Purpose] This study investigated the effect of sleep posture on neck muscle activity. [Subjects and Methods] The study recruited 20 healthy subjects, who were positioned in three supine sleeping positions: both hands at sides, both hands on the chest, and dominant hand on the forehead. The activities of the scalene and upper trapezius muscles bilaterally were measured by surface electromyography. [Results] The upper trapezius and scalene muscle activity on the right side was significantly greater in the supine with dominant hand on the forehead position than in the other positions. [Conclusion] Sleep posture is important and prevent neck and shoulder musculoskeletal pain.

著者

Michiko Morishita Haruki Watanabe Minglu Yan Sonia Zeggar Sumie Hiramatsu Keiji Ohashi Yoshia Miyawaki Eri Katsuyama Takayuki Katsuyama Mariko Takano Narazaki Noriko Toyota Tatebe Katsue Sunahori Watanabe Tomoko Kawabata Ken-Ei Sada Jun Wada

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.13, pp.1645-1650, 2017-07-01 (Released:2017-07-01)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

2

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Objective To assess the safety of azathioprine (AZA) in Japanese patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). Methods We retrospectively enrolled 67 consecutive AAV patients who had initiated AZA treatment from January 2006 to August 2014 at Okayama University Hospital. We evaluated the development of severe adverse events (AEs), AZA discontinuation due to total AEs (severe AEs included) within 1 year, and AZA-associated risk factors. Results The patients' median age was 70 years old. Forty-nine women and 18 men participated at the initiation of the study. Fifty-eight (87%) patients experienced AEs, and 36 experienced severe AEs (21 hepatic and 11 cytopenic severe AEs). Thirty-one (46%) patients discontinued treatment because of AEs. Abnormal hepatic laboratory test results at the treatment initiation were more frequent in patients with hepatic severe AEs and were associated with treatment discontinuation. The leukocyte and neutrophil counts at the treatment initiation were lower in the patients who discontinued treatment because of cytopenic AEs than in those who continued treatment. Only two patients experienced flare-ups during treatment. Conclusion The AE-associated AZA discontinuation rate in Japanese AAV patients was relatively high. AZA use warrants caution in patients with abnormal hepatic laboratory test results or low leukocyte or neutrophil counts.