著者

par E. Licent and P. Teilhard de Chardin

出版者

[s.n.]

巻号頁・発行日

1925

著者

ムルザーエフ E.M.

出版者

日本地図学会

雑誌

地図 (ISSN:00094897)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.3, pp.34-39, 1991-09-30 (Released:2011-07-19)

著者

Junkichi Kanda Nobuo Izumo Yoshiko Kobayashi Kenji Onodera Taketoshi Shimakura Noriaki Yamamoto Hideaki E. Takahashi Hiroyuki Wakabayashi

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.11, pp.1934-1940, 2017-11-01 (Released:2017-11-01)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1 24

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Long-term treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is accompanied by reduced bone mass that is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures. Although phenytoin has been reported to adversely influence bone metabolism, little is known pertaining to more recent AEDs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of gabapentin or levetiracetam on bone strength, bone mass, and bone turnover in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered phenytoin (20 mg/kg), gabapentin (30 or 150 mg/kg), or levetiracetam (50 or 200 mg/kg) daily for 12 weeks. Bone histomorphometric analysis of the tibia was performed and femoral bone strength was evaluated using a three-point bending method. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur and tibia was measured using quantitative computed tomography. Administration of phenytoin significantly decreased bone strength and BMD, which was associated with enhanced bone resorption. In contrast, treatment with gabapentin (150 mg/kg) significantly decreased bone volume and increased trabecular separation, as shown by bone histomorphometric analysis. Moreover, the bone formation parameters, osteoid volume and mineralizing surface, decreased after gabapentin treatment, whereas the bone resorption parameters, osteoclast surface and number, increased. Levetiracetam treatment did not affect bone strength, bone mass, and bone turnover. Our data suggested that gabapentin induced the rarefaction of cancellous bone, which was associated with decreased bone formation and enhanced bone resorption, and may affect bone strength and BMD after chronic exposure. To prevent the risk of bone fractures, patients prescribed a long-term administration of gabapentin should be regularly monitored for changes in bone mass.

著者

George E. Williams

出版者

The Seismological Society of Japan, The Volcanological Society of Japan , The Geodetic Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Physics of the Earth (ISSN:00223743)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.6, pp.475-491, 1990 (Released:2009-04-30)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

18 35

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The recent recognition of cyclically laminated tidal rhythmites provides a new approach to tracing the dynamic history of the Earth-Moon system. Late Proterozoic (-5650 Ma) elastic rhythmites in South Australia represent an unsurpassed palaeotidal record of -560 years' duration that provides numerous palaeorotational parameters. At -5650 Ma there were 13.1+-0.1 lunar months/year, 400+-7 solar days/year, and 30.5+-0.5 solar days/lunar month. The lunar apsides and lunar nodal cycles were then 9.7+-0.1 years and 19.5+-0.5 years, respectively. The indicated mean Earth-Moon distance of 58.28+-0.30 Earth radii at -5650 Ma gives a mean rate of lunar retreat of 1.95+-0.29 cm/year since that time, about half the present rate of lunar retreat of 3.7+-0.2 cm/year obtained by lunar laser ranging. The rhythmite data imply a substantial obliquity of the ecliptic at -5650 Ma, and indicate virtually no overall change in the Earth's moment of inertia, which militates against significant Earth expansion since -5650 Ma. Early Proterozoic (-52, 500 Ma) cyclic banded iron-formation in Western Australia, that may record submarine fumarolic activity triggered by earth tides, suggests -514.5+-0.5 lunar months/year and a mean Earth-Moon distance of -554.6 Earth radii at -52, 500 Ma. The combined rhythmite data suggest a mean rate of lunar retreat of -51.27 cm/year during the Proterozoic (-52, 500-650 Ma); the indicated increasing mean rate of lunar retreat since -52, 500 Ma is consistent with increasing oceanic tidal dissipation as the Earth's rotation slows. A close approach of the Moon during earlier time is uncertain. Continued study of tidal rhythmites promises to further illuminate the evolving dynamics of the Earth-Moon system.

著者

ハワード・E・エヴァンズ[著] 日高敏隆訳

出版者

早川書房

巻号頁・発行日

1994

著者

SHIRAHATA Yozaburo IMOTO Chikako Lynne E Riggs

出版者

International Research Center for Japanese Studies

雑誌

Daimyo Gardens (ISSN:13444972)

巻号頁・発行日

2016

著者

ケネス・E.ベイリー著 森泉弘次訳

出版者

教文館

巻号頁・発行日

2010

著者

ランダウ E.

出版者

一般社団法人 日本物理学会、一般社団法人 日本数学会

雑誌

日本数学物理学会誌 (ISSN:21852715)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.8, pp.302-305, 1934 (Released:2010-03-16)

著者

KENNETH E. NOLLET

出版者

THE FUKUSHIMA SOCIETY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE

雑誌

FUKUSHIMA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE (ISSN:00162590)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.2, pp.86-89, 2012 (Released:2012-02-22)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

6 6

---

A magnitude 9.0 earthquake and tsunami originating off the east coast of Japan triggered the explosive release of radioactive isotopes from one of four nuclear power plants in the affected area. This event has been compared with the 1986 nuclear accident at Chernobyl, the 1945 atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the intervening era of atmospheric nuclear weapons testing. The credibility of any comparison depends on the source, for which reason various specialists were invited to address an audience of media, healthcare, and disaster response professionals on July 18, 2011 in Fukushima City, Fukushima Prefecture. This article is based on a presentation given July 18, and interprets the Fukushima nuclear crisis from the perspective of an American doctor who grew up downwind of an atomic bomb test site, and who now works at Fukushima Medical University.

著者

小畑 弘己 丑野 毅 高瀬 克範 山本 悦世 高宮 広土 宮ノ下 明大 百原 新 那須 浩郎 宇田津 徹朗 中沢 道彦 中山 誠二 川添 和暁 山崎 純男 安 承模 田中 聡一 VOSTETSOV YU. E. SERGUSHEVA E. A. 佐々木 由香 山田 悟郎 椿坂 恭代

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2008

---

日本の考古学において、縄文時代の農耕の存否問題は古くから議論され、今でも論争中の課題である。この混乱の根底には、確実な栽培植物が存在しなかったという研究上の制約があった。我々は、この問題を解決するために、土器中に残る植物種子や昆虫の痕跡(土器圧痕)を検出することで解決しようと考えた。研究期間内に、日本列島の縄文時代~弥生時代171遺跡、海外の新石器時代9遺跡において圧痕調査(約400, 000点の土器)を実施し、多種・多様な栽培植物種子や貯蔵食物害虫(総数552点)を検出した。また、圧痕法の学問的定立のための方法論的整備を行った。その結果、まだ問題点は残るものの、縄文時代の栽培植物の実態と問題点を明らかにすることができた。

著者

Hiroshi Hisano Fumitaka Abe Robert E. Hoffie Jochen Kumlehn

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.21019, (Released:2021-08-27)

被引用文献数

14

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The recent advent of customizable endonucleases has led to remarkable advances in genetic engineering, as these molecular scissors allow for the targeted introduction of mutations or even precisely predefined genetic modifications into virtually any genomic target site of choice. Thanks to its unprecedented precision, efficiency, and functional versatility, this technology, commonly referred to as genome editing, has become an effective force not only in basic research devoted to the elucidation of gene function, but also for knowledge-based improvement of crop traits. Among the different platforms currently available for site-directed genome modifications, RNA-guided clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated (Cas) endonucleases have proven to be the most powerful. This review provides an application-oriented overview of the development of customizable endonucleases, current approaches to cereal crop breeding, and future opportunities in this field.

著者

Masatake E. Hori Kazuhiro Oshima

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.69-73, 2018 (Released:2018-06-26)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

3

---

We use two groups of 100-member ensemble AGCM experiment to investigate the robustness and probabilistic nature of the Warm Arctic/Cold Eurasian (WACE) pattern with or without strong warming SST trend and sea-ice reduction. Model ensembles successfully simulate a distribution of trend coefficients close to that of observation. Results show that the recent trend in WACE pattern is driven by the warming of the Arctic SST, but the pattern itself is not amplified between the warming and non-warming experiment and cannot explain the current cooling trend of the mid-latitudes. We argue that the difference in sea-ice condition regulates the more extreme cases of the pattern thereby contributing to the positive trend in WACE pattern similar to that of observation.

著者

Michael E. Groher

出版者

一般社団法人 日本老年歯科医学会

雑誌

老年歯科医学 (ISSN:09143866)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.61-67, 2015-09-30 (Released:2015-10-30)

参考文献数

24

著者

野村 大成 KRUPNOVA Eve ELISSEEVA Kl 本行 忠志 中島 裕夫 杉山 治夫 ELISSEEVA Klavdiya G. EVELINA V.Kr KLAVDIYA G.E MATSKO Vladi 藤堂 剛

出版者

大阪大学

雑誌

国際学術研究

巻号頁・発行日

1996

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1. 汚染地域での土壌・生態系での放射性物質の蓄積とその核種: 汚染地域(ゴメリー、コイニキ、ブラギン)と対照地域(ミンスク)の土壌、植物、野生動物等での放射性物質の測定と核種の同定を行った。殆ど全てが^<137>Csである。チェルノブイリ核施設崩壊後、土壌、水中より放射性降下物は減少していっているのに対し、10年たった現在でも、草木、食用植物(イチゴ、キノコ等)、水棲動物(鯉、カエルなど)など野生動植物への強度の濃縮を認めた。バッタ、トンボ、モグラ、マウスへとより高度の放射性物質の生物学的濃縮がみられた。2. 微量長期汚染の生態系への継世代的影響: 野生のショウジョウバエ、カエル、ハタネズミでの染色体異常の検出を行ったところ、カエル等に事故後10年たった今も、直後とほぼ同じぐらい高頻度に染色体異常が検出された。これは、継世代的影響と考えるよりも、野生動物に高濃度の放射能が残存(濃縮)しているためと考えた方がよい。3. 生物学的影響の実験研究: 粉末化した野イチゴ、キノコなどの食物を飼料に混ぜてショウジョウバエ幼虫を飼育し、ショウジョウバエ翅毛突然変異検出を行った。赤イチゴで、有意に体細胞突然変異が検出された。4. ヒトでの遺伝子変異の調査: 放射能被曝者(放射性物質除去作業者、汚染地域住民など)およびその子供(約200名)の血液より単核球を採取し、白血病早期発見のため、WT1遺伝子発現の定量と分子レベルでの遺伝子変異の検出を行った。被曝者56名中血液症状を有した者28名中16名に異常に高いWT1遺伝子の発現がみられ、白血病高リスク群であることを示唆した。血液症状を呈しない被爆者28名中7名にも軽度のWT1の発現がみられたが、ミンスク在住正常人にも同じ傾向がみられた。しかし日本人49名や、日本在住のコーケシアン26名には全くWT1の異常値がみられず、今後の課題となった。

著者

Noriko Kojimahara Yong-Han Lee Ae-Kyoung Lee Sanghyuk Bae Ho-Jang Kwon Mina Ha Yasuto Sato Masao Taki J Wiart C.E. Langer Elisabeth Cardis

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230005, (Released:2023-06-17)

参考文献数

29

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Background: This study aimed to examine the association between risk of brain tumors and radiofrequency (RF) exposure from mobile phones among young people in Korea and Japan.Methods: This case-control study of brain tumors in young people was conducted in Korea and Japan under the framework of the international MOBI-Kids study. We included 118 patients diagnosed with brain tumors between 2011 and 2015 and 236 matched appendicitis controls aged 10–24 years. Information on mobile phone use was collected through face-to-face interviews. A detailed RF exposure algorithm, based on the MOBI-Kids algorithm and modified to account for the specificities of Japanese and Korean phones and networks, was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) for total cumulative specific energy using conditional logistic regression.Results: The adjusted ORs in the highest tertile of cumulative call time at 1 year before the reference date were 1.61 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72-3.60) for all brain tumors and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.16-3.03) for gliomas, with no indication of a trend with exposure. The ORs for glioma specifically, were below 1 in the lowest exposure category.Conclusions: This study provided no evidence of a causal association between mobile phone use and risk of brain tumors as a whole or glioma specifically. Further research will be required to evaluate the impact of newer technologies of communication in the future.

著者

大竹 恵子 島井 哲志 池見 陽 宇津木 成介 ピーターソン クリストファー セリグマン マーティンE. P.

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.5, pp.461-467, 2005-12-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

21 20

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Purpose of this study was to develop the Japanese version of the Values In Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS). Japanese VIA-IS was back-translated, and their items were checked by the developers of the original VIA-IS. Participants in our standardization study were 778 undergraduate students who answered a battery of self-report questionnaires. The battery consisted of the Japanese versions of VIA-IS, Subjective Happiness Scale, General Health Questionnaire, and NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). It was found that VIA-IS has high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Happier people showed higher overall scores on VIA-IS and on almost all subscales both in men and women. Scores on VIA-IS were higher in the healthier group than in the unhealthy group, especially on the subscales of depression and impediment of social activities. Subscales of NEO-FFI were related to subscales of VIA-IS in a consistent way. High nomination groups showed significantly higher scores on eight subscales of VIA-IS than low nomination groups.

著者

Karen E. ATLER

出版者

日本作業科学研究会

雑誌

作業科学研究 (ISSN:18824234)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.12-29, 2022 (Released:2022-06-01)

参考文献数

47

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日本作業科学研究会第24回学術大会の基調講演において,作業経験を知ることがいかに作業の複雑性 を知ることになるのかを探っていった.作業の複雑性を知ることは,well-being への入り口となりうる.本 論文では,作業を知ること,あるいは作業に関する主観的な視点を探求することが,どのように 1)作業と well-being の関係について作業科学者の理解を支援する,2)作業がどのように well-being に貢献したり影響を与えたりするか,他者が理解できるように作業科学者を支援することを可能にするか論じていく.はじめに私自身の研究,経験,その他の学術的研究から,作業経験と well-being,そしてそれらの交わりについて定義し,説明する.次に,作業経験の定量的評価である作業経験プロフィール(Occupational Experience Profile: OEP)を紹介する.そして,1)人々が直近で何をし,何を経験したかを評価し,2)作業経験と well-being の関係についてのユーザーの認識を促進するために,その価値を説明する.最後に,作業経験の定量的評価の拡大により,作業科学者が個人や集団の作業と well-being の関係を明らかにし続けることができるようになることを,いくつかの例を挙げて説明する.

著者

E.G. TATTERSALL

出版者

一般社団法人 日本航空宇宙学会

雑誌

日本航空宇宙学会誌 (ISSN:00214663)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.301, pp.57-67, 1979-02-05 (Released:2009-05-25)

参考文献数

7

著者

Charlotte C. GUPTA Michelle DOMINIAK Katya KOVAC Amy C. REYNOLDS Sally A. FERGUSON Cassie J. HILDITCH Madeline SPRAJCER Grace E. VINCENT

出版者

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

雑誌

Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2021-0124, (Released:2021-10-25)

被引用文献数

3

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Due to the unpredictable nature of working time arrangements, on-call workers experience regular disruption to sleep, particularly if woken by calls. Sleep disruption can impact long term physical and mental health, next day performance, and importantly, performance immediately after waking. To reduce the impact of performance impairments upon waking (i.e., reducing sleep inertia), research has investigated strategies to promote alertness (e.g., bright light, caffeine, and exercise). This review puts forth on-call workers who are likely to return to sleep after a call, it is also important to consider the impact of these sleep inertia countermeasures on subsequent sleep. Future research should build on the preliminary evidence base for sleep inertia countermeasures by examining the impact on subsequent sleep. This research is key for both supporting alertness and performance during a call (“switching on”) and for allowing the on-call worker to return to sleep after a call (“switching off”).

著者

Arisa Nishihara Vera Thiel Katsumi Matsuura Shawn E. McGlynn Shin Haruta

出版者

Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology · The Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ME18030, (Released:2018-11-07)

被引用文献数

23

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Chemosynthetic microbial communities develop and form dense cell aggregates in slightly alkaline sulfidic hot springs in the temperature range of 70–86°C at Nakabusa, Japan. Nitrogenase activity has recently been detected in the microbial communities collected. To identify possible members capable of nitrogen fixation, we examined the diversities of 16S rRNA and nitrogenase reductase (NifH) gene sequences in four types of chemosynthetic communities with visually different colors and thicknesses. The results of a 16S rRNA gene analysis indicated that all four microbial communities had similar bacterial constituents; the phylum Aquificae was the dominant member, followed in abundance by Thermodesulfobacteria, Firmicutes, and Thermotogae. Most of the NifH sequences were related to sequences reported in hydrothermal vents and terrestrial hot springs. The results of a phylogenetic analysis of NifH sequences revealed diversity in this gene among the communities collected, distributed within 7 phylogenetic groups. NifH sequences affiliated with Aquificae (Hydrogenobacter/Thermocrinis) and Firmicutes (Caldicellulosiruptor) were abundant. At least two different energy metabolic pathways appeared to be related to nitrogen fixation in the communities analyzed; aerobic sulfur/hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria in Aquificae and fermentative bacteria in Firmicutes. The metabolic characteristics of these two dominant phyla differed from those previously inferred from nitrogenase activity assays on chemosynthetic communities, which were associated with hydrogen-dependent autotrophic sulfate reduction. These assays may correspond to the observed NifH sequences that are distantly related to the known species of Thermodesulfovibrio sp. (Nitrospirae) detected in the present study. The activities of nitrogen-fixing organisms in communities may depend on redox states as well as the availability of electron donors, acceptors, and carbon sources.