著者

佐藤 洋 Hiroshi Sato

出版者

昭和女子大学近代文化研究所

雑誌

学苑 (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

no.810, pp.118-126, 2008-04

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This research is going to deal with the characteristics of Chinese immigrants. It will make use of the movie titled THE JOY LUCK CLUB. This unusually named club is a group of four mothers who enjoy playing mahjong regularly. They have been playing the game for as many as thirty years, since they migrated to San Francisco from China. They eat food or snacks they cook for themselves and chat and gossip while playing. The stories of how they had to emigrate from their home country is told through their chatting. The movie shows that each of the mothers has her own sad background. Another important topic they always discuss is their family stories, especially those of their special daughters. The movie describes one story after another of how each mother experienced hardship in her younger days in China, and how she is now struggling with new problems related to the generation gap. Their history and struggles are the history and struggles characteristic of Chinese immigration to America. Since other ways of immigrating to America (such as from England, Ireland, or Poland) were analyzed in Gakuen No. 798, issued last April, comparison with that analysis and the difference from immigration types of other ethnic groups will be researched. This will reveal the different characteristics as well as similarities of Chinese immigration from that of immigrants from other countries.

著者

Erianto Indra PUTRA Hiroshi

出版者

JAPAN SOCIETY OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY

雑誌

Tropics (ISSN:0917415X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.4, pp.145-156, 2011 (Released:2012-02-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

9 38

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Indonesia has experienced severe tropical forest fires from a long time ago, mainly in El Niño years. However, previous studies showed that after 1997 forest and peat fires in Indonesia tend to occur every year in the dry season, even in non El Niño years. To clarify this recent pattern of incidence, we studied the fire situation in the Mega Rice Project (MRP) area, Central Kalimantan where large scale development of tropical swamp-forest has been carried out since 1996. To identify the causes of the recent severe peat fires, weather data for Palangkaraya from 1978 to 2007, hotspot data captured by the MODIS satellite, monthly Niño 3.4 sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, and ground water level (GWL) data were analyzed. The results of the analysis clearly showed a relationship among the precipitation pattern of the dry season, GWL change, Niño 3.4 SST Anomalies, and fire occurrences. A pattern of low precipitation in the dry season decreased GWL and caused a peat fire peak in the middle of August when daily precipitation reached the minimum. These results suggest that large areas of bared peat in the MRP now has a high susceptibility to fire coupled with the precipitation pattern of the dry season.

著者

Yoshie Ojima Kinya Sawada Hiroshi Fujii Tsuyoshi Shirai Ayako Saito Saeko Kagaya Satoshi Aoki Yoichi Takeuchi Tomonori Ishii Tasuku Nagasawa

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.9, pp.1301-1308, 2018-05-01 (Released:2018-05-01)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

7

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A previously healthy 58-year-old man was admitted for muscle pain and weakness [manual muscle testing (MMT) of 4/4 for upper and lower limbs]. We detected elevated levels of inflammatory makers and PR3-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA). Subsequently, the muscle weakness rapidly progressed to an MMT of 2 for all limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated muscle edema, and the creatine kinase (CK) level increased to 29,998 U/L. Methylprednisolone (mPSL) and cyclophosphamide pulse therapy improved the patient symptoms. MMT recovered to 4 for all limbs. A muscle biopsy showed degenerated muscle fibers surrounded by neutrophil-predominant infiltration. In addition, lamina elastic breakdown and fibrinoid necrosis of arterioles were observed. A final diagnosis of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) limited to the muscles was made.

著者

Yuanying Li Hiroshi Yatsuya Sachiko Tanaka Hiroyasu Iso Akira Okayama Ichiro Tsuji Kiyomi Sakata Yoshihiro Miyamoto Hirotsugu Ueshima Katsuyuki Miura Yoshitaka Murakami Tomonori Okamura EPOCH-JAPAN Research Group

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.58958, (Released:2020-10-10)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

9

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Aims: We aimed to develop and validate risk prediction models to estimate the absolute 10-year risk of death from coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: We evaluated a total of 44,869 individuals aged 40–79 years from eight Japanese prospective cohorts to derive coefficients of risk equations using cohort-stratified Cox proportional hazard regression models. Discrimination (C-index) of the equation was examined in each cohort and summarised using random-effect meta-analyses. Calibration of the equation was assessed using Hosmer-Lemeshow chi-squared statistic. Results: Within a median follow-up of 12.7 years, we observed 765 deaths due to CVD (276 CHDs and 489 strokes). After backward selection, age, sex, current smoking, systolic blood pressure (SBP), proteinuria, prevalent diabetes mellitus, the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDLC), interaction terms of age by SBP, and age by current smoking were retained as predictors for CHD. Sex was excluded in the stroke equation. We did not consider TC/HDLC as a risk factor for the stroke and CVD equations. The pooled C-indices for CHD, stroke, and CVD were 0.83, 0.80, and 0.81, respectively, and the corresponding p-values of the Hosmer-Lemeshow tests were 0.18, 0.003, and 0.25, respectively. Conclusions: Risk equations in the present study can adequately estimate the absolute 10-year risk of death from CHD, stroke, and CVD. Future work will evaluate the system as an education and risk communication tool for primary prevention of CHD and stroke.

著者

Endo Hideki Niizawa Nobuharu Komiya Teruyuki Kawada Shinichiro Kimura Junpei Itou Takuya Koie Hiroshi Sakai Takeo

出版者

Zoological Society of Japan

雑誌

Zoological science (ISSN:02890003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.10, pp.1005-1011, 2007-10

被引用文献数

2 17

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The gross anatomy of the mastication system of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) was examined by means of three-dimensional image analysis. The anteater rotates the mandibles medially and laterally to control its tongue when it is elongated and to house it when it is relaxed. Three-dimensional CT image analysis demonstrated that the shape and size of the oral cavity changes drastically when the mandibles are rotated. The oral cavity expands bilaterally when the dorsal part of the mandibles bend medially. Macroscopic observations and muscle-weight data supported the observation that the superficial temporal and medial pterygoid muscles act as the main medial and lateral rotators of the mandible, respectively. The low height of the mandibular ramus and the incomplete zygomatic arch in this species represent adaptations for the rotational movement of the mandibles, since they both contribute to the medially oriented transmission of force from the temporal muscles and to preventing collision between the mandibles and the cranium during the rotational movement.

著者

Ghazi Hussein Hirozo Goto Shinobu Oda Ushio Sankawa Kinzo Matsumoto Hiroshi Watanabe

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.4, pp.684-688, 2006 (Released:2006-04-01)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

43 73

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We investigated the effects of a dietary astaxanthin (ASX-O) on oxidative parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), by determination of the level of nitric oxide (NO) end products nitrite/nitrate (NO2−/NO3−) and lipid peroxidation in ASX-O-treated SHR. Oral administration of the ASX-O significantly reduced the plasma level of NO2−/NO3− compared to the control vehicle (p<0.05). The lipid peroxidation level, however, was reduced in both ASX-O- and olive oil-treated groups. We also analyzed the post-treatment effects of ASX-O on the vascular tissues by examining the changes in the aorta and coronary arteries and arterioles. The dietary ASX-O showed significant reduction in the elastin bands in the rat aorta (p<0.05). It also significantly decreased the [wall : lumen] aerial ratio of the coronary arteries. These results suggest that ASX-O can modulate the oxidative condition and may improve vascular elastin and arterial wall thickness in hypertension.

著者

岩下 明生 小川 博 安藤 元一 Iwashita Akio Hiroshi Ogawa Motokazu Ando

出版者

東京農業大学

雑誌

東京農業大学農学集報 (ISSN:03759202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.69-76, 2015-09

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アライグマ(Procyon lotor)の密度指標として捕獲効率(CPUE)が有効であることはすでに知られているが,このデータは捕獲作業を実施しなければ得られない。そこで,自動撮影データから得られた諸指標[撮影効率,撮影するのに要した期間(LTD),撮影メッシュ率]を捕獲効率と比較することによって,自動撮影データの密度指標として有効性を検討した。アライグマの生息状況が異なる神奈川県内の3地域の林地を主な調査地として,2010-2011年に自動撮影調査を行った。捕獲効率,捕獲するのに要した期間(LTC)および捕獲メッシュ率は,行政による防除事業データから算出した。これら指標を地域間で比較すると,撮影効率,撮影メッシュ率,捕獲メッシュ率は,捕獲効率と同様の傾向を示したが,LTDとLTCはそうではなかった。一般化線形混合モデルにより解析したところ,撮影効率は捕獲効率に対して有意な正の関係がみられたが,LTCにおいてはみられなかった。これらのことからアライグマの密度指標として,撮影効率は有効であった。

著者

Munekazu NAKAICHI Toshie ISERI Hiro HORIKIRIZONO Yusuke SAKAI Harumichi ITOH Hiroshi SUNAHARA Kazuhito ITAMOTO Kenji TANI

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20-0500, (Released:2020-10-06)

被引用文献数

1

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An 11-year-old male toy poodle with neurological symptoms was diagnosed with a macroscopic pituitary tumor, which produced adrenocorticotropic hormone. Radiation therapy with a linear accelerator was performed for the pituitary tumor, and resulted in good local tumor control. However, serum endogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone concentrations were uncontrollable even after the tumor disappeared. Abdominal computed tomography revealed splenic masses, and splenectomy was performed. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen showed tumor cells with eosinophilic and finely granular cytoplasm suggestive of endocrine origin. Since these cells were positive for adrenocorticotropic hormone, the case was diagnosed as a pituitary carcinoma with distant metastasis. Necropsy revealed multiple metastases to the abdominal organs. This is the first case report describing canine pituitary carcinoma with distant metastasis.

著者

Nobuhiko Hoshi Tetsushi Hirano Takuya Omotehara Junko Tokumoto Yuria Umemura Youhei Mantani Takashi Tanida Katsuhiko Warita Yoshiaki Tabuchi Toshifumi Yokoyama Hiroshi Kitagawa

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.9, pp.1439-1443, 2014-09-01 (Released:2014-09-01)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

15 56

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Neonicotinoids, which were developed in the 1990 s as an insecticide having selective toxicity, were later found to cause reproductive abnormalities in experimental animals. In Japan there is an attempt to preserve endangered animals, including the Japanese crested ibis, and there is a question of whether neonicotinoids affect the reproduction of this bird, since they are used in its habitat. Hence, we investigated whether the daily oral administration of the neonicotinoid clothianidin (CTD) has any deleterious effects on the reproductive function of mature male only or both young male and female quails as experimental animals. Vacuolization and the number of germ cells having fragmented DNA in seminiferous tubules, as well as the number and size of vacuoles in hepatocytes, increased dose-dependently. The ovaries showed abnormal histology in the granulosa cells, which produce progesterone. There were significant differences in egg-laying rates and embryo weights between the groups. Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPx4) and Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (Mn-SOD), which protect the organism from oxidative damage, showed a dose-dependent decrease. Thus, it is possible neonicotinoids affect the bird’s reproductive system through oxidative stress, reflecting an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a biological system’s ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or easily repair the resulting damage. Responding to our study, Sado Island has since succeeded in breeding Japanese crested ibis in the wild without the use of neonicotinoids.

著者

Takanori Mei Hiroshi Noguchi Kimitaka Suetsugu Yu Hisadome Keizo Kaku Yasuhiro Okabe Satohiro Masuda Masafumi Nakamura

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.10, pp.1600-1603, 2020-10-01 (Released:2020-10-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

3

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Vonoprazan fumarate (vonoprazan) is a new kind of acid suppressant with potent acid inhibitory effects. Therefore, it has been administered to kidney transplant recipients for treatment or prophylaxis of steroid ulcers, refractory peptic ulcers, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Because tacrolimus, which is a well-established immunosuppressant for kidney transplantation, and vonoprazan share the CYP3A4 system for metabolism, drug interactions are anticipated upon simultaneous administration. We retrospectively analyzed 52 kidney transplant recipients who were converted from rabeprazole, which has a small effect on the tacrolimus trough blood concentration (C0), to vonoprazan between August 2016 and July 2019. We compared the tacrolimus C0/tacrolimus dose (C0/D) before and after conversion and serum liver enzymes, serum total bilirubin, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). As a result, mean tacrolimus C0/D before and after conversion was 1.98 ± 1.02 and 2.19 ± 1.15 (ng/mL)/(mg/d), respectively, (p < 0.001). Additionally, mean aspartate transaminase (AST) before and after conversion was 18.6 ± 4.2 and 19.6 ± 5.2 IU/L, respectively, (p = 0.037). Mean alanine transaminase (ALT) before and after conversion was 15.8 ± 5.5 and 17.6 ± 7.1 IU/L, respectively, (p = 0.007). Mean eGFR before and after conversion was 50.6 ± 14.4 and 51.4 ± 14.7 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively (p = 0.021). Mean AST, ALT, and eGFR were slightly but significantly elevated within normal ranges after conversion. In conclusion, our study suggests that the mean tacrolimus C0/D was elevated significantly by converting from rabeprazole to vonoprazan, but it had little clinical significance. Vonoprazan can be administered safely to kidney transplant recipients receiving tacrolimus.

著者

大谷浩司 角野 宏司 児島 彰 萩谷 昌己 服部 隆志 劉 樹苓 Koji Otani Hiroshi Kakuno Akira Kojima Masami Hagiya Takashi Hatori Shuling Liu ASTEC 立石電機 京都大学 京都大学 慶応大学 京都大学

雑誌

コンピュータソフトウェア (ISSN:02896540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.45-60, 1990

被引用文献数

2

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並列オブジェクト指向パラダイムに従って実現されたウィンドウ・システムであるGMWと,GMW上でのアプリケーション構築法について述べる.UIMSの一般論に基づいて,ウィンドウ・システム上のアプリケーション構築における並列オブジェクト指向パラダイムの重要性,仮想機械サーバ方式の利点等について議論した後,GMWウィンドウ・システムとそのツールキットについて概観する.GMWは,次のような特徴を持った仮想機械サーバ型のウィンドウ・システムである.アプリケーションのユーザ・インターフェース部を実現するために,新たに設計された並列オブジェクト指向言語Gのコンパイラと仮想機械をサーバ内に持っていること.アプリケーション本体とユーザ・インターフェース部の通信を支援するために,並列オブジェクト指向パラダイムに従ったスタブ生成系を提供していること.G言語によって実現されたユーザ・インターフェース開発環境によって,アプリケーション実行時にもユーザ・インターフェースの編集が可能であること.

著者

岡林 洋 Hiroshi Okabayashi

出版者

同志社大学人文学会

雑誌

人文學 = Doshisha University Jinbungaku (Studies in Humanities) (ISSN:04477340)

巻号頁・発行日

no.152, pp.1-31, 1992-03-15

著者

JUN'ICHI SHOJI HIROSHI HINOO KOICHI MATSUMOTO TERUO HATTORI TADASHI YOSHIDA SHINZO MATSUURA EIJI KONDO

出版者

JAPAN ANTIBIOTICS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION

雑誌

The Journal of Antibiotics (ISSN:00218820)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.6, pp.713-718, 1988-06-25 (Released:2006-04-19)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

32 45

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Two peptide antibiotics katanosins A and B were isolated from the culture broth of a strain related to the genus Cytophaga. These antibiotics are basic peptides soluble in aqueous alcohols. The molecular formulae C57H95N15O17 for A and C58H97N15O17 for B were indicated. The constituent amino acids of katanosin A are suggested to be Thr (1), Ser (1), Val (1), Leu (3), Arg (1) and three unusual amino acids. In katanosin B, the Val residue is replaced by He. Katanosins A and B are active against Gram-positive bacteria in vitro and in vivo.

著者

Satoshi Kodera Arihiro Kiyosue Jiro Ando Hiroshi Akazawa Hiroyuki Morita Masafumi Watanabe Issei Komuro

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.6, pp.847-852, 2017-11-01 (Released:2017-12-12)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

20

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The quality-adjusted life year (QALY) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) are important concepts in cost-effectiveness analysis, which is becoming increasingly important in Japan. QALY is used to estimate quality of life (QOL) and life years, and can be used to compare the efficacies of cancer and cardiovascular treatments. ICER is defined as the difference in cost between treatments divided by the difference in their effects, with a smaller ICER indicating better cost-effectiveness. Here, we present a review of cost-effectiveness analyses in Japan as well other countries. A number of treatments were shown to be cost-effective, e.g., statin for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, DOAC for high-risk atrial fibrillation, beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, and ARB for heart failure, sildenafil and bosentan for pulmonary hypertension, CABG for multi-vessel coronary disease, ICD for ventricular tachycardia, and CRT for heart failure with low ejection fraction, while others were not cost-effective, e.g., epoprostenol for pulmonary hypertension and LVAD for end-stage heart failure. Further investigations are required regarding some treatments, e.g., PCSK-9 inhibitors for familial hypercholesterolemia, PCI for multi-vessel coronary disease, catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation, and TAVI for severe aortic stenosis. Ethical aspects should be taken into consideration when utilizing the results of cost-effectiveness analysis in medical policy.

著者

萩尾 耕太郎 中野 裕史 田村 孝洋 Hagio Kohtaroh Nakano Hiroshi Tamura Takahiro

出版者

中村学園大学・中村学園大学短期大学部

雑誌

中村学園大学・中村学園大学短期大学部研究紀要 = Bulletin of Nakamura Gakuen University and Nakamura Gakuen University Junior College (ISSN:13477331)

巻号頁・発行日

no.51, pp.227-230, 2019-03-19

著者

SHIMA,Hiroshi

出版者

東京昆蟲學會

雑誌

昆蟲

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, 1991-03-25

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Nine Japanese species of Oswaldia are revised, four of which are described as new to science : flavitibia sp. nov., gilva sp. nov., glauca sp. nov., and strigosa sp. nov. Five known Japanese species are discussed and briefly redescribed. A key to the Japanese species is provided.

著者

Shinichiro Uchiyama Takao Hoshino Hugo Charles Kenji Kamiyama Taizen Nakase Kazuo Kitagawa Kazuo Minematsu Kenichi Todo Yasushi Okada Jyoji Nakagawara Ken Nagata Hiroshi Yamagami Takenori Yamaguchi Pierre Amarenco

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.58552, (Released:2020-09-17)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

4

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Aims: We have previously reported 5-year follow-up data on the TIAregistry.org, an international prospective cohort in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke. We conducted a Japanese subgroup analysis because outcomes and predictors might differ according to ethnicities and regions. In this study, we compared the baseline and 5-year follow-up data of Japanese and non-Japanese patients with TIA or minor stroke.Methods: Patients with TIA or minor ischemic stroke within 7 days after the onset were classified into two groups based on ethnicity, Japanese (n=345) and non-Japanese (n=3502); further, 5-year event rates were compared between the two groups. We also determined predictors of 5-year stroke for both groups. Results: Vascular death and death from any cause were identified to be less prevalent, unlike stroke and intracranial hemorrhage, which was determined to be more prevalent in Japanese than in non-Japanese patients. Five-year rate of stroke was significantly higher in Japanese patients. Cumulative stroke and major cardiovascular event rates did not decline but instead linearly increased from 1 to 5 years in both groups. Baseline risk factors for 5-year stroke were as follows: age, diabetes, history of stroke or TIA, and congestive heart failure in Japanese patients. Independent predictors of 5-year stroke were large artery atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and age in Japanese patients. Conclusions: Recurrent stroke and intracranial hemorrhage were determined to be more prevalent at 5 years after TIA or minor stroke in Japanese patients than in non-Japanese patients. Strategies to mitigate the long-term risks of stroke, aside from adherence to current guidelines, should take Japanese-patient-specific residual risks into account.

著者

永野 翔大 藤本 元 會田 宏 Hajime FUJIMOTO Hiroshi AIDA Nagano Shota

出版者

筑波大学体育センター

雑誌

大学体育研究 = Bulletin of Sport and Physical Education Center, University of Tsukuba (ISSN:03867129)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, pp.19-28, 2017-03

著者

Nakayama Hiroto Shima Hiroshi

出版者

Entomological Society of Japan

雑誌

Entomological science (ISSN:13438786)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.63-76, 2002-03-25

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

3

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Japanese species of the genus Peromitra Enderlein are revised. Five species are recognized and four of them are described as new to science : P. fimbriata sp. nov., P. purpurea sp. nov., P. pilosa sp. nov. and P. hikosana sp. nov. A known Japanese species are redescribed and discussed. A key to Japanese species is provided.

著者

AMIT BANERJEE Osazuwa Agbonlahor Manoharan Muruganathan Hiroshi Mizuta

雑誌

2020年第81回応用物理学会秋季学術講演会(プログラム閲覧サイト)

巻号頁・発行日

2020-08-21