著者
Qoosaku Moteki
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
SOLA (ISSN:13496476)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.15A-007, (Released:2019-06-19)
被引用文献数
13

Heavy rain in western Japan was broadly induced by the stagnation of the Baiu front during 5-7 July 2018. This study hypothesizes that cold air advection over the Sea of Japan intensified by Typhoon Prapiroon (Typhoon No. 7) was one of the triggering factors for the formation process of the Baiu front over western Japan. Typhoon Prapiroon passed over the Sea of Japan on 4 July and became extratropical at approximately 40°N on 5 July. During its passage, the strong southward pressure gradient force to the north of Typhoon Prapiroon broke down the convergence line of the Baiu front that remained at approximately 45°N before 4 July and thick cold air from the Okhotsk High flowed over the Sea of Japan. The Okhotsk High expanded toward the Sea of Japan and enhanced cold air advection to the north of western Japan. As a result, the Baiu front was stationary at approximately 35°N after 5 July. In addition, the westerly jet in the east of an upper-level trough deepened along the typhoon track was associated with the adiabatic component of the ascending motion over the isentropic upslope and was suggested to contribute to the maintenance of Baiu frontal convection.
著者
草野 富二雄 浜田 信生
出版者
公益社団法人 日本地震学会
雑誌
地震 第2輯 (ISSN:00371114)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.44, no.4, pp.305-313, 1991-12-24 (Released:2010-03-11)
参考文献数
34
被引用文献数
2

The focal process of the 1964 Niigata Earthquake was reinvestigated on the basis of hypocentral distribution of its aftershocks. This study indicates that the aftershocks are distributed on a fault plane dipping westward.Although it has been clear that the fault strike of the mainshock was in N20°E direction, the dip of the fault was not still clear due to a poor resolution of hypocenter of aftershocks. To resolve the difficulty, we reexamined seismological data obtained by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA).Reexamination of seismograms of nearby stations enabled us to supplement more than 1200 new P and S arrivals of aftershocks. We also dentified a number of P and S arrivals from the data which were previously reported as unidentified phases. The Joint Hypocenter Determination method was used to get a more reliable aftershocks distribution. The number of located aftershocks much increased, as about 380 aftershocks are well located by this study.Aftershocks on the vertical cross section which is normal to the fault strike shows that aftershocks are on a westward dipping plane. The dip of the plane is estimated as 50 degrees which is consistent with the focal mechanisms reported by several studies. Although the dip angle depends on the velocity model used in hypocenter location, westward dipping of aftershocks is valid, independent of several different velocity models. Therefore we estimate that the subduction of the Japan Sea under the north-east Honshu does not occur in the southern part of the eastern margin of the Japan Sea.The aftershock activity is found to be low around the hypocenter of mainshock which is located near the bottom of aftershock region, suggesting a large strain release around the nucleation point of mainshock. Relative position of forerunning seismic activity which preceded the mainshock by two years seems to be within the shallow part of the aftershock region east of Awashima-island which is located in the western middle of the focal region. The epicentral distribution of aftershocks indicates that aftershock occurrence is scarce around Awashima-island. A similar relation was reported in the case of the 1983 Nihonkai-chubu earthquake between its aftershocks and Kyurokujima-island, which is situated east of the middle of the aftershock region. Few aftershocks occurred in the area around Kyurokujima-island. In spite of the difference in relative location, that is, Awashima is situated west of the aftershock region while Kyurokujima is in the east, this suggests possibilities that crust around the islands cannot sustain enough strain to generate aftershocks or it behave as an earthquake barrier.
著者
Yanqin Lu Shie Zhang Yanzhou Wang Xiuzhi Ren Jinxiang Han
出版者
International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement
雑誌
Intractable & Rare Diseases Research (ISSN:21863644)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, no.2, pp.98-107, 2019-05-31 (Released:2019-06-14)
参考文献数
110
被引用文献数
27

Type I collagen is an important structural protein of bone, skin, tendon, ligament and other connective tissues. It is initially synthesized as a precursor form, procollagen, consisting of two identical pro-α1(I) and one proα2(I) chains, encoded by COL1A1 and COL1A2, respectively. The N- and C- terminal propeptides of procollagen are cleavage by N-proteinase and C-proteinase correspondingly, to form the central triple helix structure with Gly-X-Y repeat units. Mutations of COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes are associated with osteogenesis imperfecta, some types of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Caffey diseases, and osteogenesis imperfect/Ehlers-Danlos syndrome overlapping diseases. Clinical symptoms caused by different variations can be variable or similar, mild to lethal, and vice versa. We reviewed the relationship between clinical manifestations and type I collagen – related rare genetic disorders and their possible molecular mechanisms for different mutations and disorders.
著者
Eitaro Kodani Hiroshi Inoue Hirotsugu Atarashi Ken Okumura Takeshi Yamashita Hideki Origasa on behalf of the J-RHYTHM Registry Investigators
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.CJ-19-0267, (Released:2019-06-19)
参考文献数
34
被引用文献数
5

Background:Because the influence of digitalis use on the death of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) remains controversial, a subanalysis of the J-RHYTHM Registry was performed.Methods and Results:A consecutive series of outpatients with AF from 158 institutions was enrolled and followed for 2 years or until the occurrence of an event. Among 7,406 patients with NVAF, 7,018 (age, 69.7±10.0 years; men, 71.1%) with information on antiarrhythmic drug and digitalis use at baseline were divided into 2 groups based on digitalis use. The influence of digitalis on death was investigated using a propensity score-matching model. In 802 patients treated with digitalis, all-cause death was significantly higher than in 6,216 patients with no digitalis use during the 2-year follow-up period (4.4% vs. 2.4%, unadjusted P<0.001). Digitalis use was significantly associated with all-cause death in the crude model (hazard ratio [HR] 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28–2.68, P=0.001). However, after propensity score-matching, the association was not significant (HR 1.31, 95% CI 0.70–2.46, P=0.405). Older age, male sex, heart failure, coronary artery disease, and lower body mass index were significantly associated with all-cause death in NVAF patients treated with digitalis.Conclusions:Digitalis use was not independently associated with all-cause death, and several clinical confounding factors might contribute to increased mortality in NVAF patients treated with digitalis.
著者
福田 治久 佐藤 大介 白岩 健 福田 敬
出版者
国立保健医療科学院
雑誌
保健医療科学 (ISSN:13476459)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.68, no.2, pp.158-167, 2019-05-01 (Released:2019-06-13)
参考文献数
25
被引用文献数
2

目的:2011年度より第三者提供が開始されたレセプト情報・特定健診等情報データベース(NDB)の研究利用が不十分な状況にある.学術研究を加速化させ,エビデンスに基づいた医療政策を推進するためには,NDBの活用可能性を高めていく必要がある.本研究の目的は,臨床疫学研究および医療経済研究を行うのに有用性が高く,かつ,データ容量の効率性が高いNDB解析用データセットを構築することである.方法:2009年 4 月から2016年12月の間の医科入院レセプトおよびDPCレセプトにおいて 1 度でも出現したことのある解析用患者IDを全データから無作為に25%分を抽出し,当該解析用患者IDの全期間における全診療行為情報を含む全レセプトデータを格納したNDBを用いた.臨床疫学研究および医療経済研究を行うのに有用性の高い解析用データセットテーブルに必要な変数について検討した.また,医科レセプトにおいては退院年月日情報が含まれていないことから,レセプトデータを用いた補完的な退院年月日を付加する方法について検討した.本検討では,退院年月日情報が含まれるDPCレセプトを用いて,入院年月日と診療実日数を用いる場合と,診療行為発生日を用いる場合のそれぞれの方法で退院年月日を算出し,実際のDPCレセプトに記載されている退院年月日との一致状況について検証した.結果:NDBに含まれるレコード識別情報を有機的に連結させた解析用データセットテーブルとして,以下の11テーブルを開発した:患者(KAN),レセプト(REC),傷病名(SYO),診療行為(SIN),薬剤(IYA),特定器材(TOK),調剤(TYO),調剤加算料等(TKA),DPC診断群分類(BUD),医療機関(IRK),入院(ADM).医療機関(IRK)を除く各テーブルは解析用患者IDによって相互に突合することができる.また,医科レセプトにおける補完退院年月日は,診療行為(SI),医薬品(IY),特定器材(TO),コーディングデータ(CD)の各レコードにおける診療行為年月日の最終日情報を用いることで,99.83%の入院症例において正しい退院年月日を付加することができた.結論:本研究において開発した解析用データセットテーブルを用いることで,NDBを用いた臨床疫学研究および医療経済研究を即座に実施可能な環境をもたらすことができる.
著者
松田 晋哉
出版者
学校法人 産業医科大学
雑誌
Journal of UOEH (ISSN:0387821X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, no.Special_Issue, pp.67-72, 2013-10-01 (Released:2013-10-10)
参考文献数
3
被引用文献数
3 3

フランスは日本と同様,産業医の資格と義務的配置を法律で定めている.フランスの産業医は専門医の一つであり,卒後4年間の研修の後,企業の産業保健サービス部門あるいは中小企業を対象とした企業間産業保健サービスで勤務する.日本と異なり,フランスでは事業所規模に関わらずすべての労働者が産業医による健康管理を受けることができる.フランスの産業医の職務は予防的な活動が中心であり,緊急時を除いて臨床行為を行うことはできない.その主な職務は健康診断の実施とその結果に基づく適正配置,そして職業病や労働災害防止のための職場環境改善である.かつては職務が予防的業務に限定されていたため十分な研修医が集まらない現状があったが,職域における健康管理の重要性が社会的に認知されるようになり,その専門医養成数及び志望者が増加している.また,職務内容もメンタルヘルスや生活習慣病を予防するための活動の重要性が大きくなっている.このように両国の産業保健の状況には多くの共通点があり,したがって今後比較制度研究が本学関係者を中心に行われることが期待される.
著者
Jim MORI Thomas BOYD
出版者
The Seismological Society of Japan, The Volcanological Society of Japan, The Geodetic Society of Japan
雑誌
Journal of Physics of the Earth (ISSN:00223743)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.33, no.3, pp.227-240, 1985 (Released:2009-04-30)
参考文献数
22
被引用文献数
4 7

The Niigata earthquake of June 16, 1964. (M8=7.5) is studied using a body-wave inversion technique on teleseismic P waveforms of the mainshock and a joint hypocenter determination of 27 of the largest (MJMA≥4.0) regionally recorded aftershocks. The mainshock is interpreted as being composed of two subevents with moments of 2.1×1026 dyn-cm and 2.0×1027 dyn-cm. The focal mechanism indicates that faulting could have occurred on either a plane dipping toward the west or a plane dipping toward the east. The initial subevent is located at a depth of 8 to 13 km, while the centroid of the second sub-event is located 27 km southwest of the first and at a depth of 3 km. The relocated aftershocks all appear to have depths of less than 15 km which is consistent with the depths obtained for the mainshock. They appear to define a trend dipping shallowly toward the east which is consistent with the relative locations of the two subevents comprising the mainshock. We conclude, therefore, that a fault plane dipping toward the east is more consistent with the relative locations of the two subevents and the relocations of the aftershocks.
著者
家永 遵嗣 水野 圭士 林 哲民 タトヤン ディミトリ 小口 康仁 野里 顕士郎 熊谷 すずみ 安達 悠奈
雑誌
人文 (ISSN:18817920)
巻号頁・発行日
no.17, pp.157-189, 2019-03

標題の史料を翻刻・提示し、主な問題点三点について解説した。 第一に、清原良賢が足利将軍家に奉仕するようになる契機が、持明院統の皇位継承争いのなかで、義満が良賢を後円融上皇・後小松天皇の支持者として固定しようとしたことにあったこと。第二に、標題の史料から、永徳元年に義満が編成した家政機関の政所別当一五名・侍所別当一〇名を特定でき、弁官系諸家を糾合することで崇光上皇の院政を阻止する布石であったとみられること。第三に、成立期の「室町殿」に「障子上」「侍所」が設けられていたことから、室町殿における公卿の家礼と殿上人の家司との意思疎通と連繫が窺い知れること。以上、標題の史料の重要性について解説した。|These three documents are related to Ashikaga Yoshimitsu’s “Ninnkai Daikyou,” a celebration banquet for taking up the third ministe “NaiDaijinn,” in Eitoku 1(A.D. 1381). From these three documents, we can know about Ashikaga Yoshimitsu’s “Kugeka,” becoming a ruler over the royal court. In those days, the “Hokucho” royal court was struggling for the royal throne. One was a descendant from Gokougonn Tennou, the other was Sukou Jyoukou, the elder brother of Gokougonn Tennou, and his son Yoshihito. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu was a nephew of Gokougonn Tennou. Therefore, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu supported Goennyuu Tennou, the son of Gokougonn Tennou, in cooperation with Nijyou Yoshimoto, a man of power in the “Hokucho” royal court. In preparing the “Ninnkai Daikyou” banquet, Yoshimitsu took talented court nobles as his manservants, such as Kiyohara Yoshikata, the original author of “Shoninndaikyouki”. Therefore, Sukou Jyoukou lost his power in the royal court. Then Gokomatsu Tennou, son of Goennyuu Tennou, was able to take the throne in Eitoku 2(A.D. 1382). These three documents reveal 25 people who bacame Yoshimitsu’s manservants. A transcriptor commented on each person’s kinship and the relationship between each person and his masters. And these three Documents reveal the location of the “Shoujinoue” and “Samuraidokoro,” the offices of the manservants, in “Muromachidono,” the palace of Ashikaga Yoshimitsu. They suggest the way in which Yoshimitsu came to understandings with his retainers.
著者
石井 大輔
出版者
情報知識学会
雑誌
情報知識学会誌 (ISSN:09171436)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, no.2, pp.85-90, 2007 (Released:2007-06-27)
参考文献数
8

音楽著作物は歴史の中で次第に社会性を帯び大量消費されていくことにより,著作権制度自体に大きな影響を及ぼし,著作権を集中管理するためのシステムがつくられていく.本稿はフランスにおける,アンシャン・レジームから革命期を経て19 世紀にSACEM の設立に至る法制度的,社会的側面から音楽著作物の流通・利用と音楽著作権の生成,発展の過程を追う.そこでは楽譜出版の歴史,フランス著作権制度,音楽著作権の管理団体の勃興が取り扱われる.
著者
Xiao Liu Ninghong Guo Wengen Zhu Quan Zhou Menglu Liu Chen Chen Ping Yuan Rong Wan Kui Hong
出版者
International Heart Journal Association
雑誌
International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.18-470, (Released:2019-06-14)
参考文献数
56
被引用文献数
27

In a previous meta-analysis, it was demonstrated that the resting heart rate (RHR) is a potential risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the results of that meta-analysis were conflicting, and the relationship between the RHR and AF is still not well established. In the current meta-analysis, our aim is to update evidence with a better statistical model. We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases for relevant studies and used a "one-stage approach" with a restricted cubic spline model to summarize the dose-specific relationships between the RHR and AF. Relative risk (RR) was used to measure the effects. In total, 10 studies were included, with a total of 18,630 cases of AF among 431,432 participants. In the dose-response analysis, there was evidence of a nonlinear association between the RHR and the risk of AF (nonlinearity, P < 0.0001), which exhibited a significant J-shaped association between the two factors. An RHR between 68 and 80 bpm had the lowest risk of AF. Among people who had RHR < 70 bpm, the summary RR was 1.09 per 10-RHR decrease (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06-1.12; P < 0.001). The results were similar for participants with RHR > 70 bpm (per 10 bpm increase) (RR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.03-1.08; P < 0.001). Our dose-response meta-analysis revealed a significant J-shaped association between the RHR and AF. Both low RHR and high RHR were associated with an increased risk of AF compared with a modest RHR of 68-80 bpm.
著者
堀田 典裕
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.478, pp.169-177, 1995-12-30 (Released:2017-01-27)
参考文献数
33

This paper is an attempt to analyze the evoluting process and the spatial characteristics of Dohtoku residential quarter in Nagaoya. Rice fields reclaimed in the Edo era were developed by Nagoya-sanbashi-soko Inc. in the early Showa era as the residential quarter for the workers of the factories around Nagoya Port. Although a licensed area was included in the preliminary plan, it was changed into the waterfront amusement park by the direction of the Town Planning Committee of Aichi Prefecture. Around this big park and five small parks, the streets were arranged in a partially radiating pattern.
著者
成松 宏美 杉山 弘晃 菊井 玄一郎 平 博順 的場 成紀 東中 竜一郎
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会全国大会論文集 第33回全国大会(2019)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.3C4J901, 2019 (Released:2019-06-01)

我々は,「ロボットは東大に入れるか?」プロジェクトにおいて英語問題に取り組んでいる.本稿では,不要文除去問題に着目し,本問題に対して,近年あらゆるタスクで最高スコアを達成したBERTを適用する.BERTをどのように解法に適用するかを紹介し,ベースラインを超えて最高スコアに到達したことを示す.さらに,エラー分析により,BERTでできていないことを明らかにする.
著者
並松 信久
出版者
京都産業大学日本文化研究所
雑誌
京都産業大学日本文化研究所紀要 = THE BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF JAPANESE CULTURE KYOTO SANGYO UNIVERSITY (ISSN:13417207)
巻号頁・発行日
no.24, pp.37-78, 2019-03-25

1980年代以降、世界的に「すし」ブームが広がった。世界でsushiとして想定されているのは、約200年前の江戸・文政年間に誕生した江戸前鮨(握り鮨)である。しかし目下、世界で食べられているのは、主に巻き寿司を中心とした「ロール寿司」や「変わり寿司」である。本稿では寿司の特徴を考察し、日本と世界の連続性の有無を明らかにした。 寿司の特徴を列挙すると、①握り鮨は江戸で生み出されたファストフードであった。②握り鮨の誕生後にマグロが使われるようになった。③握り鮨が全国に広がったのは、終戦直後に委託加工制が導入されたからであった。④戦後の物流と冷凍技術の発達によって、世界中のマグロが取引されるようになり、寿司のグローバル化が進んだ。⑤回転寿司はファストフードとしての特徴を最もよく表わし、グローバル化に貢献した。⑥寿司のグローバル化はフュージョン化を意味し、世界の各地域に合った寿司が生み出された。 食文化は固定的なものではなく、歴史性と地域性によって変化していく。本稿で取り上げた寿司も同様で、グローバル化のなかで多様性をもち、各地域に定着していった。1 はじめに2 ファストフードの誕生3 技術進歩と回転寿司4 フュージョン化と定着5 結びにかえて
著者
河野 常吉
出版者
札幌博物學會
雑誌
札幌博物学会会報
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, no.1, pp.73-90, 1906-06-10
著者
橋本 雄太
出版者
一般社団法人 情報科学技術協会
雑誌
情報の科学と技術 (ISSN:09133801)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.12, pp.525-530, 2015-12-01 (Released:2017-04-13)

学術領域におけるオープンデータの活用に関する議論が盛り上がりを見せつつあるが,構造化データが扱われることの少ない人文学分野においては,必ずしもオープンデータの効用は明らかではない。本稿では,従来の文化資料デジタル化事業との対比から,人文学資料のオープンデータ化には(1)資料活用の多様化,(2)研究成果の再利用促進,(3)情報探索の効率化,といった意義があることを指摘する。続いて,国内外で提供される人文学資料のオープンデータ化事例を概観し,オープンデータを活用したアプリケーションの開発事例として拙作『近デジリーダー』を紹介する。最後に,人文学分野におけるオープンデータの普及に向けた諸課題を展望する。
著者
浪川 健治
出版者
北海道大学総合博物館
雑誌
北海道大学総合博物館研究報告 (ISSN:1348169X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, pp.133-138, 2008-03-31

No historical documentation recording or implying the existence of the Iomante ceremony by the Ainu people who were living in the northern most part of Honshu Island (Tohoku district) has even been found. The only source which contains rich descriptions about the Honshu Ainu people, especially the Tsugaru Ainu, is the Hirosaki Domain Chronicles (1661–1868). However, although these chronicles are filled with records of Ainu rules and organizations, it lacks the necessary descriptions of production and daily living of the Ainu, recording only unusual incidences such as accidents and rescues. It is clear, though, through analysis of the Hirosaki Domain Chronicles, that bear cub rearing which was indispensable for the Iomante Ceremony was common among the Hoshu Ainu. Furthermore, the hunting culture of the Tsugaru Ainu during the first half of the 18th century was very similar to that of the Hokkaido Ezo Ainu during the last half of 18th century. This proves that the Ainu on either side of the Tsugaru Strait shared common hunting, ethic, and religious cultures. For further investigation on what the cultures were like and how they paralleled with the Ezo cultures, it will be necessary to do traditional research of various travel diaries and also to analyze historic documents from retroactive and folkloristic points of view, incorporating the results in the research of material culture.