著者

焼山 廣志

出版者

有明工業高等専門学校

雑誌

有明工業高等専門学校紀要 (ISSN:03856844)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, 2014-10-31

著者

笹山 萩子 岸 学

出版者

日本教育心理学会

雑誌

日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集

巻号頁・発行日

no.47, 2005-07-31

著者

石田 英一郎

出版者

日本文化人類学会

雑誌

季刊民族學研究 (ISSN:00215023)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, 1949-12

著者

サンド ジョルダン

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

情報学研究 : 学環 : 東京大学大学院情報学環紀要 (ISSN:1880697X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, pp.65-82, 2009-03-20

著者

佐喜本 愛

出版者

教育史学会

雑誌

日本の教育史学 : 教育史学会紀要 (ISSN:03868982)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, pp.58-70, 2006-10-01

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This paper will demonstrate the actual conditions of military exercise in elementary schools. Although there is a great deal of research on military exercise in normal schools and junior high schools, there is very little to date on elementary schools. This paper will approach the study of military exercise in elementary school through an examination of the disposition, the use, and treatment of model rifle, the primary instructional aid of military exercise. This research highlights two important features. First, the Ministry of Education only concerned itself with the larger framework of military exercise in elementary schools and did not promote the use of model rifles. Second, regional elementary schools actively accepted model rifles ; they sought to create a sense of reality by demanding model rifles that looked like the real thing. As this paper argues, the reason regional schools accepted the use of model rifles was that they were used during school field trips and ceremonies, not just for military exercise class because those involved with the school were concerned about their appearance, being disposed to worry about how others look upon them. There is one additional point regarding the relationship between children the rifles. The model gun was stored where it could be easily seen by the children, and the children also kept the rifles clean. In this way, an attitude of respect for the rifle was cultivated in elementary school children. The practice of military exercise did not end with the class period, but affected many people in and out of school at various times.

著者

畠山 仁友

出版者

日本広告学会

雑誌

広告科学 (ISSN:13436597)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, pp.17-32, 2012

著者

浦野 茂

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.2, pp.290-292, 2014

著者

降矢 典雄 大田黒 紘之 酒本 勝之

出版者

Japanese Society for Medical and Biological Engineering

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, pp.O-317-O-318, 2014

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This study is aimed at investigating possibility of Impedance CT applying two-dimensional analysis. Two-dimensional Electrical Impedance CT has two advantages. This analysis method can estimate internal conductivity distribution faster and the number of required electrodes is fewer compared to three-dimensional analysis. It is suitable for using clinical application. At first, we tried to apply easy filter using the ratio of the potential distribution. However the result of the analysis had the image with noise and indicated not so correct conductivity distribution. The results depend on the relationship between conductivities and positions of the object of different conductivity and tissue around it. It was found that the problem caused by the difference of dimensions occurred. Therefore we need to apply new filter to eliminate the influence of the difference of dimensions. By using a new filter based on Neural Network, it was suggested that the correct conductivity distribution can be obtained.

著者

DAVIDSON Fred

出版者

日本言語テスト学会

雑誌

日本言語テスト学会誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.1-23, 2012

被引用文献数

1

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A test specification (spec) is a generative document from which equivalent language test items or tasks can be produced. There are many formats for specs, but all share two elements: sample(s) of the items/tasks and guiding language that describes the sample(s). Through consensus-building and feedback, specs evolve and stabilize. A complete illustrative test spec is presented, based on workshops held in Japan in late 2011. A new problem in spec-driven test development is posed in this paper: releasability, which refers to whether a spec should be shared outside of the test development team, and if so, when and in what form. The illustrative spec is again used to explore releasability. A number of theoretical questions are posed about spec release, and future research about spec release is encouraged.

著者

細野 徳治

出版者

拓殖大学

雑誌

拓殖大学百年史研究 (ISSN:13448781)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.191-218, 2003-06-30

著者

望月 正光

出版者

関東学院大学経済研究所

雑誌

経済系 : 関東学院大学経済学会研究論集 (ISSN:02870924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.254, pp.96-105, 2013-01

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本稿の目的は,グローバル社会における付加価値税の新しい潮流として,課税の効率性と公正性を備えたニューVATに焦点を当てることである。これまで付加価値税の標準モデルとしてEUモデルが考えられてきた。しかし,1993年のEU成立と同時に,EU域内取引が自由化されたことによって,加盟国の付加価値税制度の相違点(例えば,複数税率や非課税制度等)による問題がより顕在化するようになってきた。このため,EUモデルは, オールドVATとして制度改革が不可避となっている。これに対して,グローバル社会における付加価値税の新しい潮流として,効率性と公正性を備えたニューVATが注目されており,その代表が,ニュージランドモデルである。その基本的な考え方は,複数税率や非課税制度を廃止し,「単一の標準税率構造と広い課税ベース」とするシンプルなものである。このような考え方に基づくニューVATが,オールドVATの直面している問題の多くを改善することを明らかにする。

著者

中村 一明

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会

雑誌

火山.第2集 (ISSN:04534360)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.229-240, 1975

被引用文献数

14

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Volcanoes are generally classified into monogenetic and polygenetic types. Monogenetic volcanoes erupt only once to form smaller volcanoes, such as maars, pyroclastic cones and lava domes. Polygenetic volcanoes erupt repeatedly from the same general vents (summit or main crater) for up to 10⁵ years to form larger volcanoes such as strato-volcanoes (composite volcanoes of Macdonald, 1972) and shield volcanoes of Hawaiian type. Monogenetic volcanoes tend to occur in clusters as flank and post-caldera cones. Some of the clusters are however, independent of polygenetic volcanoes and appear to be equivalent to them. The essential part of the conduit of a monogenetic volcano is inferred to be a simple dike, intruded into a newly formed crack, whereas a long endured pipe-shaped conduit may exist under a polygenetic volcano. The common occurrence of xenoliths in the eruptive products of monogenetic volcanoes may be related to this difference. Various lines of evidence, indicating the existence, depth, shape, volume and internal structure, of magma reservoirs are tabulated. A shallow magma reservoir appears to exist beneath polygenetic volcanoes with one to one correspondence, which is not the case for monogenetic volcanoes. Most flank volcanoes are monogenetic, thus indicating dikes within the polygenetic volcanic edifice. Dike formation is understood as a magma version of hydraulic fracturing. For the dike to intrude and propagate, would require either the increase of differential stress due to a decrease of minimum compression or increase of pore pressure over the sum of the minimum compression and the tensile strength of the rocks. Earthquakes are understood as the generation of elastic waves associated with an acute release of tectonic stress due to faulting. Accumulation of tectonic stress and strain prior to earthquakes is, then, a necessary part of earthquake phenomena in a broad sense, as well as their release after the event. Based on the above-stated understanding, possible mechanical correlations between volcanic eruptions and earthquake occurrences have been studied. Contractional strain around the magma reservoir can cause the squeezing up of magma within an open conduit causing a summit eruption on the one hand, and dike formation resulting in a flank eruption through the increase of pore pressure, on the other. Second boiling triggered by both the magmatic pressure decrease caused by dilatational strain and the dynamic excitation due to seismic waves might have the same effect as contraction. Decrease of minimum compression causing the increase of differential stress leading to dike formation will also contribute to the liklihood of flank eruptions. Both volcanic eruptions and earthquake occurrences can precede each other depending on geographical location in terms of faulting-related stress-strain changes which are calculated by the fault model of earthquakes. Actual possible examples of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes which are allegedly mechanically related are given. In order to demonstrate which mechanism is responsible for the correlation of the two phenomena, continuous strain measurement on and around volcanoes is necessary together with the observation of changes in the level of magma in crater bottoms.

著者

長谷川 修 越後 亮三 宮崎 芳郎 田中 芳久 高橋 英幸 福田 研二

出版者

一般社団法人日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学會論文集 (ISSN:00290270)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.317, pp.250-257, 1973-01-25

被引用文献数

2 1

著者

青井 和夫

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.120-125, 1957-03-30

著者

前之園 幸一郎

出版者

イタリア学会

雑誌

イタリア学会誌 (ISSN:03872947)

巻号頁・発行日

no.37, pp.76-101, 1987-10-30

著者

平賀 保博 佐藤 雄二 富阪 幸治

出版者

新潟大学

雑誌

新潟大学教育人間科学部紀要. 自然科学編 (ISSN:13442961)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.2, pp.111-121, 2000-02

著者

田中 孝昌 外山 史 宮道 壽一 東海林 健二

出版者

The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers

雑誌

映像情報メディア学会誌 : 映像情報メディア = The journal of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers (ISSN:13426907)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.12, pp.1933-1939, 2010-12-01

被引用文献数

7

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Today, the demand is increasing for comic contents on cellular phones and speech software for the visually impaired. When speech software reads aloud a comic character's speech, it is useful for both the visually impaired and unimpaired to have the character's voice injected with his/her feeling, which is inferred from types of speech balloons. As a result, comic contents come to life. In this research, a method has been developed to detect speech balloons on comic pages and then classify them into four types. In this method, speech balloon candidates are extracted based on speech text information detected by AdaBoost, and then speech balloons are selected and classified using SVM. Experimental results show that the proposed method successfully detected and classified 86 percent of 2844 speech balloons.

著者

須摩 靖彦

出版者

日本土壌動物学会

雑誌

Edaphologia (ISSN:03891445)

巻号頁・発行日

no.84, pp.25-56, 2009-03-31

被引用文献数

2

著者

内田 明彦

出版者

文永堂出版

雑誌

獣医畜産新報 (ISSN:04470192)

巻号頁・発行日

no.723, pp.p587-588, 1981-10

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

井上 由紀恵

出版者

福井県文書館

雑誌

福井県文書館研究紀要 (ISSN:13492160)

巻号頁・発行日

no.11, pp.69-78, 2014-02