著者
Yuya Saga Aya Yamanishi Miho Matsumoto Yuri Yoshioka Nobuhiro Zaima Yoshiyuki Konishi
出版者
Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology
雑誌
Food Science and Technology Research (ISSN:13446606)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.FSTR-D-23-00094, (Released:2023-09-11)

Neuronal activity plays a key role in the development and maintenance of the central nervous system. In cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs), activity deprivation by treatment with a low concentration of KCl induces neuronal apoptosis. We found that black pepper (Piper nigrum) oleoresin significantly increased the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide signal on activity-deprived CGNs, whereas piperine, a major compound in black pepper extract, did not. Consistently, induction of cleaved caspase-3, a hallmark of apoptosis was inhibited by black pepper oleoresin upon neuronal activity deprivation. These results show that black pepper oleoresin protects CGNs from apoptosis induced by activity deprivation, and suggest that components other than piperine might contribute to this effect.
著者
Tetsu Kamiya Yoshio Toyama Keigo Hanyu Takahiro Kikuchi Yukihiro Michiwaki
出版者
Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology
雑誌
Food Science and Technology Research (ISSN:13446606)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.FSTR-D-23-00125, (Released:2023-09-11)

This study aims to analyze the forces acting on the organs from the bolus during swallowing, excluding direct organ contact forces. We simulated the swallowing process of healthy individuals ingesting thickened non-Newtonian foods using a swallowing simulator based on the moving-particle simulation method. The force vectors acting on the organs and the bolus shape were extracted at each time interval. A two-dimensional graph matrix was developed to visualize the temporal and spatial relationships between force and time for comprehensive interpretation and discussion. The graph matrix revealed that the bolus originated from tongue movement and was transferred between the oral cavity and pharynx, with coordinated movements of each organ occurring in pairs with balanced forces of the tongue and other organs. Information on the organ forces may offer a novel perspective for interpreting conventional mechanical indicators such as high-resolution manometry or tongue-pressure measurements.
著者
古山 彰一 松澤 照男
出版者
情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理学会論文誌 : ハイパフォーマンスコンピューティングシステム (ISSN:03875806)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.44, no.SIG1(HPS6), pp.50-57, 2003-01-15

伸縮性領域を用いることで,適応格子法に関する並列計算手法を提案した.本手法を用いることにより,通信量コストを低く抑え,かつ,負荷分散を良好に行うことができた.その結果,一般的に並列計算が難しいこの問題に対して,32PE利用時に73%の高い並列化効率を得ることができた. : Elastic Domain Decomposition Method (DDM) for a parallel Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) Solver is described. To use this method saving a message passing cost, a good load balancing, and a high parallel performances (73% on 32 PEs) were achieved.
著者
水田 匡信 土師 知行 阿部 千佳
出版者
日本音声言語医学会
雑誌
音声言語医学 (ISSN:00302813)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.62, no.3, pp.186-194, 2021 (Released:2021-08-26)
参考文献数
32

ケプストラム解析に基づく音響分析(ケプストラム音響分析)は音声信号の個々の周期の同定を必要とせず,会話音声にも適用でき,また重度嗄声も解析できると考えられる.ケプストラム音響分析の指標であるCPP(cepstral peak prominence)とCSID(cepstral spectral index of dysphonia)の妥当性は,主に聴覚心理的評価との相関解析と,嗄声の有無の診断能に関するROC(receiver operating characteristic)解析により検証されており,英語や日本語を含め多言語において,持続母音だけでなく会話音声での高い妥当性が報告されている.また分析対象とする音声波形の範囲により算出される値が異なる可能性(検査の信頼性)があるが,今回重度嗄声例を用いて検証したところ,CPP,CSIDでは重度嗄声例においても信頼性が保たれることが確認された.このようにケプストラム音響分析は持続母音と会話音声に対して高い妥当性を有し,また重度嗄声に対しても高い信頼性を有すると考えられ,日常の音声障害診療において広く使用されることが望まれる.
著者
池田 新介 康 明逸
出版者
特定非営利活動法人 横断型基幹科学技術研究団体連合
雑誌
横幹連合コンファレンス予稿集 第4回横幹連合コンファレンス
巻号頁・発行日
pp.45, 2011 (Released:2012-03-14)

ウェブによる全国規模の選好調査データを用いて、負債保有が双曲割引(現在バイアス)やせっかちさ(imaptience)の程度と正の相関をもち、符号効果(割引に関する利得損失の非対称性)と負の相関をもつことを示す。双曲割引との相関は、とくに単純な(ナイーブな)回答者に有意に検出され、深慮者(ソフィスティケイテッドな人)サンプルでは高々非有意な相関しか見られない。クレジットカード負債の保有や消費者金融の利用経験、債務不履行経験などの過剰債務傾向にも、双曲割引や忍耐力のなさと同様の相関が見られる。
著者
氏家 悠太 西川 琴美 横幕 加奈 髙橋 康介
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第84回大会 (ISSN:24337609)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.PR-021, 2020-09-08 (Released:2021-12-08)

近年,健康寿命の延伸やQOL向上の為の効果的な活動としてスポーツが注目されている。日常生活において継続可能なスポーツ習慣を獲得するためには,個人の身体的,心理的特性を踏まえ最適化された動機付けの手法が必須となる。本研究はスポーツ習慣の動機付け手法確立の基礎研究として,幅広い年齢層を対象としたオンライン調査により,スポーツ習慣と心理特性との関連を検討した。調査協力者は20代から50代以上までの男女1600名とした。調査項目として,スポーツや他の活動の習慣化に関する調査項目,心理特性を測定する質問紙(TIPI-10,BIS/BAS,DTDD,LOC,公正世界信念,BREQ-2改変)を用いた。主な結果として,スポーツ習慣のない集団(N=800)においても,潜在的にスポーツ習慣化を希望する割合は全年代を通して50~60%と多く,そのうち大多数(80%以上)が内的動機付けによるものであると示された。また,心理特性との関連では,行動抑制傾向(BIS/BAS)やサイコパス傾向(DTDD)が強いほど,スポーツに限って習慣化を妨げる要因となることが示された。これらの結果は,継続すること自体に困難はなく,スポーツだけが続けられないという個人の心理特性を示唆している。
著者
Natsuki Hayami Sachi Sri Kantha
出版者
The United Graduate Schools of Agricultural Sciences, Japan
雑誌
Reviews in Agricultural Science (ISSN:2187090X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.5, pp.83-99, 2017 (Released:2019-03-29)
参考文献数
202

The Nobel Prizes awarded in two appropriate science categories (chemistry as well as physiology or medicine) and the peace category since 1901 were studied to evaluate the plant science related research that had received recognition. We also checked the Nobel prize nomination database for the two appropriate science categories to verify the number of scientists (with research reputation on plant-based studies) who were nominated, but were unlucky in the eventual selection process. The focus of this review is research on plant materials in a wider sense (including that of photosynthetic bacteria), that received Nobel prize recognition. Until 2017, Nobel Prizes for research in plant sciences have been awarded 17 times to 20 scientists. Pioneering work on five major research themes, namely, (1) chlorophyll and photosynthesis, (2) elucidation of the structure of vitamins (carotene, thiamin, ascorbic acid and vitamin K), (3) use of radioisotopes for metabolism studies, (4) plant natural product chemistry and (5) plant genetics had received Nobel award recognition so far. For future recognition, Nobel laureates such as Melvin Calvin and Barbara McClintock had opined the worth of interdisciplinary teams with expertise in botany for trend-setting new discoveries in plant science research. We predict that pioneering studies along the line of plants that can grow in a dessert or sea, plants which can be an enriched source of fuel and hydrocarbon-like materials may have potential to be considered for a Nobel Prize for plant science research.
出版者
岩崎学術出版社
巻号頁・発行日
1966
著者
北岡 哲子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本機械学会
雑誌
シンポジウム: スポーツ・アンド・ヒューマン・ダイナミクス講演論文集 2011 (ISSN:24329509)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.11-15, 2011-10-30 (Released:2017-06-19)

"Iyashi" is a term that everyone often hears of in Japan. When people get depressed or feel down, they usually want "Iyashi" so as to gain satisfied or peaceful mind. However, in consideration of the various usage and different meanings of Iyashi in the past, what and how feeling or mood, obtained from the various Iyashi methods, affects to the minds? In this report, the effect of Iyashi to the peoples' minds are analyzed, and the relationship between the means of Iyashi and the effects to the minds will be discussed for the possible application in the engineering fields.
著者
平田 寛
出版者
公益社団法人 計測自動制御学会
雑誌
計測と制御 (ISSN:04534662)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.21, no.5, pp.544-551, 1982-05-10 (Released:2009-11-26)
参考文献数
4
著者
Ryoichi Kose Katsumi Kose Koji Fujimoto Tomohisa Okada Daiki Tamada Utaroh Motosugi
出版者
Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
雑誌
Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences (ISSN:13473182)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.tn.2023-0063, (Released:2023-09-09)
参考文献数
24
被引用文献数
1

Recent high-performance gradient coils are fabricated mainly at the expense of spatial linearity. In this study, we measured the spatial nonlinearity of the magnetic field generated by the gradient coils of two MRI systems with high-performance gradient coils. The nonlinearity of the gradient fields was measured using 3D gradient echo sequences and a spherical phantom with a built-in lattice structure. The spatial variation of the gradient field was approximated to the 3rd order polynomials. The coefficients of the polynomials were calculated using the steepest descent method. The geometric distortion of the acquired 3D MR images was corrected using the polynomials and compared with the 3D images corrected using the harmonic functions provided by the MRI venders. As a result, it was found that the nonlinearity correction formulae provided by the vendors were insufficient and needed to be verified or corrected using a geometric phantom such as used in this study.
著者
Yuta Endo Sanae Takahashi Haruna Shibo Makoto Amanuma Kuninori Kobayashi Shigehide Kuhara
出版者
Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
雑誌
Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences (ISSN:13473182)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.mp.2023-0029, (Released:2023-09-04)
参考文献数
26

Purpose: Polarity-corrected inversion time preparation (PCTIP), a myocardial T1 mapping technique, is expected to reduce measurement underestimation in the modified Look-Locker inversion recover method. However, measurement precision is reduced, especially for heart rate variability. We devised an analysis using a recurrence formula to overcome this problem and showed that it improved the measurement accuracy, especially at high heart rates. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of this analysis on the accuracy and precision of T1 measurements for irregular heart rate variability.Methods: A PCTIP scan using a 3T MRI scanner was performed in phantom experiment. We generated the simulated R-waves required for electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated acquisition using a signal generator set to 30 combinations. T1 map was generated using the signal train of the PCTIP images by nonlinear curve fitting using conventional and recurrence formulas. Accuracy against reference T1 and precision of heart rate variability were evaluated. To evaluate the fitting accuracy of both analyses, the relative fitting error was calculated.Results: For the longer T1, the fitting error was larger than the short T1, with the conventional analysis showing 10.1±2.0%. The recurrence formula analysis showed a small fitting error less than 1%, which was consistent for all heart rate variability patterns. In the conventional analysis, the accuracy, especially for longer T1, showed a large underestimation of the measurements and poor linearity. However, in the recurrence formula analysis, the accuracy improved at a long T1, and linearity also improved. The Bland–Altman plot showed that it varied greatly depending on the heart rate variability pattern for the longer T1 in the conventional analysis, whereas the recurrence formula analysis suppressed this variation.Conclusion: T1 analysis of PCTIP using the recurrence formula analysis achieved accurate and precise T1 measurements, even for irregular heart rate variability.
著者
福井 拓也
出版者
日本近代文学会
雑誌
日本近代文学 (ISSN:05493749)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.103, pp.32-45, 2020-11-15 (Released:2021-11-15)

昭和三年一二月二五日の小山内薫の急逝、それに続く築地小劇場の分裂後、新劇界は左翼演劇とその他──〝前衛派〟と〝芸術派〟とに二分されることになった。しかし唯美主義的と理解されてきた〝芸術派〟が、実際に何を目指してきたのかについては、これまで問われてこなかった。本稿はその課題に応じるものである。具体的には築地座と久保田万太郎との関わりに注目し、第二十七回公演でとりあげられた戯曲「釣堀にて」の表現世界を細かに分析した。そして「釣堀にて」の特異なありように、役者や戯曲といった演劇を構成する諸要素の相互的な検討を通じて、個々に新たな表現を、そして演劇の可能性を探究した点にこそ、当時の〝芸術派〟の実相が理解されるのだと結論づけた。
著者
宇野 義幸
出版者
公益社団法人 精密工学会
雑誌
精密工学会誌 (ISSN:09120289)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.10, pp.1389-1392, 1995 (Released:2009-07-23)
参考文献数
5
被引用文献数
2 2