著者

内舘 光邦 齋藤 秀樹 竹岡 政治

出版者

応用森林学会

雑誌

日本林学会関西支部論文集 (ISSN:09182268)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.215-218, 1992-05-31 (Released:2018-01-23)

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In order to determine changes in the annual production of pollen by Sugi (Cryptomeria Japonica D. Don) stands with increasing age, five stands ranging in age from a planted 37-yr-old stand to one about 600 yr old in the grounds of a Buddhist temple were studied. Pollen production rates were estimated from the number of fallen male flowers in a stand by the litter trap method and the quantity of pollen per flower sampled before anthesis. The relationship between the number of fallen male flowers in a atand and stand age showed a ceiling curve, indicating a constant upper limit for several hundred years after the age of 50 yr. This minimum stand age of 50 yr, after which a constant value of pollen was produced, was quoted from findings obtained in our previous study. The data indicate that an increase of pollen dispersal per unit land area if the final cutting age of Sugi forests is increased to as much as 120-150 yr is improbable. In 1990, the production rate in the five study stands was estimated to be 4.3-52×10^<12> pollen grains ha-<-1>yr^<-1>, or 43-360kg d. w. ha^<-1> yr^<-1>,

著者

池内 功

出版者

東洋史研究會

雑誌

東洋史研究 (ISSN:03869059)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.2, pp.239-274, 1984-09-30

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In times of utmost emergency, the foundation as well as the structure of the power of the state organization tend to be exposed. Thus when Arik-buqa in 1261 had attacked Khubilai and invaded China as far as the Kaiping 開平 district of Shangdu 上都, he repelled Arik-buqa and established his defense line along the Great Wall, still confronting his Mongolian rival. In the military governed state then set up by Khubilai, the Mongolian troops were divided into two sections : the left wing was stationed in Xuande 宣徳 and Dexing 徳興, the right wing in Xingzhou 興州. Khubilai's personal troops 怯薛, the guards under the command of Shi Tianze 史天澤, as well as the Chinese troops stationed in Ezhou鄂州 under Khubilai's leadership were taken together to form the central unit. As such they came to be positioned in the center area between Xuande, Dexing, and Xingzhou, near the river Chao 潮. Moreover troops under the command of Shi Tianze's family were stationed for the defense of Yanjing 燕京 in the background as well as on the border to confront the Southern Song. Assuming that the orginial state organization of the nomad Mongol tribes, i.e., the military form of government, was gradually altered to a stabile national form of state organization, the first steps taken by Khubilai establishing his power by stationing troops and especially relying heavily on Chinese military have to be considered very enlightening.

著者

堤 一昭

出版者

東洋史研究會

雑誌

東洋史研究 (ISSN:03869059)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.4, pp.653-684, 1996-03-31

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In the latter half of the thirteenth century the Yuan Dynasty unified China after a one hundred and fifty-year period of division. To date, the study of Yuan rule in South China has been inadequate. This paper is intended as an investigation of the institution of Yuan rule in South China. It concludes the following: 1. After the fall of Xiangyang 襄陽 in 1273, the armies that advanced to the areas held by the Southern Song consisted of four corps. Moreover, Seng'u 相威, from the family of the prince of the realm 國王 of the Jalair tribe, functioned as the commander of the Wutouxia 五投下 corps, which was one of these four corps. After the fall of Lin'an 臨安 and Yangzhou 揚州 in 1276, the commanders of the four corps made an advance against the rebellions of the Sirigi and others in Mongolia and the Western borderlands of the Yuan Dynasty. Lower-ranked generals of the armies remained in South China and formed four regional secretariats 行中書省. Among the commanders, only Seng'u returned to South China and established the Jiangnan regional censorates at Yangzhou in 1277. 2. Jiangnan regional censorates consisted of two parts. One part was the Chinese office. It was responsible for the inspection of all officials, including ministers of regional secretariats, in South China. The other part consisted of the Wutouxia corps, responsible for suppressing rebellions in South China. Seng'u controlled both of these sections. 3. Based on the following three factors, it becomes evident that the Jiangnan regional censorate functioned as the supreme department of the Yuan Dynasty in South China. (1) Only the Jiangnan regional censorate, among all offices in South China, was responsible for the supervision of the whole area of South China. (2) Seng'u held a much more important place in the Qubilai Administration than did any of the generals who formed the four regional secretariats in South China. (3) Among the commanders of the armies which advanced into the areas held by the Southern Song, only Seng'u returned to South China.

著者

杉山 正明

出版者

京都大学 (Kyoto University)

巻号頁・発行日

2006-11-24

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新制・論文博士

著者

杉山 正明

出版者

京都大学

巻号頁・発行日

2006

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博士論文

著者

杉山正明著

出版者

京都大学学術出版会

巻号頁・発行日

2004

著者

衆議院 参議院編

出版者

大蔵省印刷局(印刷)

巻号頁・発行日

1990

著者

山形新聞・山形放送 [編]

出版者

山形放送

巻号頁・発行日

1983

著者

中村 厚彦 尾上 英俊 木村 一雄 岩本 良太 村岡 邦秀 今村 尚裕 三宅 智

出版者

西日本整形・災害外科学会

雑誌

整形外科と災害外科 (ISSN:00371033)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.4, pp.744-746, 2011-09-25 (Released:2011-12-09)

参考文献数

5

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足関節外果骨折に対してtension band wiring(以下TBW)を用いて骨接合を行った症例について検討した.2002年から2010年までに手術を行った10例で,男性8例女性2例,平均年齢41歳(15~65歳)であった.骨折型はLauge-Hansen分類に従いSA stage 1:7例(靱帯付着部の裂離骨折2例を含む),stage 2:1例,SER stage 2:1例,stage 3:1例であった.手術はanchor screwを用いたTBWを施行し,術後は外固定を併用した.全例で整復位での骨癒合を得た.K-wireのback outを2例と尖端の回旋転位を1例に認めた.足関節外果骨折はよく遭遇する外傷であり一般的にplate固定が行われるが,遠位骨片が小さい場合はTBWによる内固定の適応となる.anchor screwを併用したTBWは手技が簡便であり有用であると考えられた.

雑誌

2023年度 人工知能学会全国大会(第37回)

巻号頁・発行日

2023-05-09

著者

切岩 祥和

出版者

静岡大学

巻号頁・発行日

2019-06-18

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2016年度~2018年度 科学研究費助成事業(基盤研究(C)(一般))研究成果報告書

著者

大藤 純 乾 大資 山口 治隆 中瀧 恵実子 今中 秀光 西村 匡司

出版者

一般社団法人 日本集中治療医学会

雑誌

日本集中治療医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13407988)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.4, pp.569-570, 2008-10-01 (Released:2009-04-20)

参考文献数

8

著者

井上 健 岩城 明子 黒澤 健司 高梨 潤一 出口 貴美子 山本 俊至 小坂 仁

出版者

一般社団法人 日本小児神経学会

雑誌

脳と発達 (ISSN:00290831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.6, pp.435-442, 2011 (Released:2014-12-25)

参考文献数

16

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先天性大脳白質形成不全症は, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher病 (PMD) を代表とする主に遺伝性の原因により大脳白質の髄鞘形成不全を特徴とする疾患群の総称である. これまでPMD以外の疾患については, 臨床および分子遺伝学的な分類が困難であった. しかし, ここ数年で新たな疾患概念の確立や疾患遺伝子の同定が進み, PMD以外の先天性大脳白質形成不全症に関する多くの知見が明らかになった. これらを加味した先天性大脳白質形成不全症の診断基準や疾患分類は, 臨床上有用と思われる. 本稿では, 先天性大脳白質形成不全症に関する研究班による成果による新たな診断基準や, この疾患群に含まれる11疾患の鑑別診断のためのフローチャートを含む疾患分類を中心に, 先天性大脳白質形成不全症に関する最新の知見をまとめた.

著者

阿部 皓一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本ビタミン学会

雑誌

ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.4, pp.146-147, 2021-04-25 (Released:2022-04-30)

著者

中田 友明

出版者

日本獣医生命科学大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2022-04-01

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本研究では以下の3点について研究を展開する予定である。[1]多成分性雄性フェロモンの機能解析:雄イモリの肛門腺に発現するソデフリンとその類縁遺伝子を特異的に欠損させた動物を作成、正常雌との配偶行動や繁殖成功率を正常雄と比較し、個々の性フェロモンの役割を解析する。[2]各性フェロモン受容体および性フェロモン応答神経系の同定:イモリ性フェロモンの受容体タンパク質は同定されていないため、その遺伝子クローニングや脳内神経系の同定を行う。[3]各性フェロモンに対する応答神経系の調節機序の解明:生殖期には雌雄とも異性の性フェロモンに応答する感覚細胞が増加するので、その内分泌学的機序を探る

著者

Rei Kaneeda Keith Hardie Ken Hoshino Chie Yoshida Takashi Handa

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-065, (Released:2023-05-31)

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The most popular fragrant cut rose cultivar in Japan is ‘Yves Piaget’, but its petals often become malformed after harvest. These malformed flowers, referred to as “incurved flowers”, are characterized by petals curving toward the adaxial side which prevents normal flowering and significantly decreases the cut flower quality. It has been reported that jasmonic acid (JA) affects petal growth, and could suppress the emergence of incurved flowers. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the use of exogenous JA, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), applied to cut flowers of ‘Yves Piaget’ by 24 h pulse-uptake treatment. Results showed that 500 μM MeJA 24 h pulse-uptake treatment was effective at suppressing the number of incurved petals. Then, salicylic acid (SA), an antagonist of JA, was applied to see if the number of incurved petals increased. We compared three treatments: deionized water uptake treatment (control), 500 μM MeJA pulse-uptake treatment, and 500 μM SA continuous-uptake treatment. Vase life did not differ significantly between the three treatments, but the 500 μM MeJA pulse-uptake treatment produced a better-preserved flower shape due to only slight petal bluing and discoloration. In contrast, the control and 500 μM SA continuous-uptake treatments produced cut flowers with major petal wilting, bluing, and discoloration. The 500 μM MeJA pulse-uptake treatment tended to extend the number of days from flower bud to full bloom and decrease the number of incurved petals due to the continued high-water absorption. The commercial value of roses lies in the blooming process from bud until full bloom; the increased number of days from bud to full bloom after 500 μM MeJA pulse-uptake treatment improved the cut flower quality. In contrast, there was less water absorption and more incurved petals in the days after the 500 μM SA continuous-uptake treatment, indicating an antagonistic response to the 500 μM MeJA pulse-uptake treatment. In conclusion, treatment of ‘Yves Piaget’ cut flowers with 500 μM MeJA pulse-uptake could decrease the number of incurved petals and improve the cut flower quality.

著者

Hikaru Ishikawa Yasuyuki Togano Tomoki Shibuya

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-054, (Released:2023-05-31)

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The large berry mutant (LBM) of the ‘Delaware’ (V. vinifera × (V. labrusca × V. aestivalis)) is known to produce larger berries than ‘Delaware’ when subjected to traditional double gibberellic acid-3 (GA3) treatment. In this study, we first compared ‘Delaware’ and the LBM in terms of their berry and cluster quality to reevaluate previous findings on LBM. Next, we compared berry size without GA3, histological characteristics of the early developmental berry, and then GA-related gene expression to reveal the characteristics of the LBM. The previous finding that LBM yielded larger berry sizes than ‘Delaware’ with double GA3 treatment was verified, but without GA3 treatment, LBM did not produce larger berries than ‘Delaware’. This highlights the prerequisite of exogenous GA for larger berry size in LBM. Histological analysis revealed an increase in cell numbers of the inner and outer mesocarp walls in the early developmental stage of LBM berries. Gene expression analysis of the flower buds and berries indicated an increased expression of VvGID1A, encoding the GA receptor, in LBM than in ‘Delaware’ 3 h after the first GA3 treatment. Additionally, the expression of VvGID1A and VvGID1B was higher in LBM than that in ‘Delaware’ before and after the second GA3 treatment. The expression of VvGID2A, which interacts with the GA receptor and promotes GA signaling, was also higher in LBM than in ‘Delaware’ before the first GA3 treatment. However, the expression of VvSLR1, VvGAI1, and VvGAI2 that encode DELLA proteins, essential negative regulators for GA reactions, mostly showed no significant changes. These results suggest that LBM berries had higher GA sensitivity than the ‘Delaware’. Based on these results, we believe that the larger berry size in LBM may be due to increased cell numbers resulting from high GA sensitivity.

著者

Kaori M. Nakajima Manato Ohishi Fumio Sato Megumu Takahashi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-045, (Released:2023-05-31)

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In Japan, broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica) is primarily harvested manually. Some Japanese broccoli cultivars have short stems, but these broccoli heads are more difficult to harvest, and complicate the introduction of mechanical harvesters. Therefore, research is focused on strategies to control stem length. The present study examined the effects of the plant hormone gibberellin (GA) on the morphological and agronomic traits of broccoli shoots. The broccoli cultivar ‘SK9-099’, widely distributed in Japan and characterized by a short stem, was studied. These experiments were conducted over three cropping seasons, i.e., spring (Exp. 1), summer (Exp. 2), and fall (Exp. 3), with four GA treatment plots at 0 ppm (Control), 20 ppm, 100 ppm, and 500 ppm. This study observed that, on average, GA elongated stem length from approximately 16.0 cm in the control plot to 24.7 cm in the 500 ppm plot for the three cropping seasons, without decreasing yield. In addition, GA treatment accelerated apical bud growth and shortened the overall growth period by 16 days in the 500 ppm plot compared to the control in the fall, equivalent to 20.5% of the growth period from transplantation to harvest in the latter.This study highlights several practical benefits of GA application for growers, minimizing manual harvesting labor, avoid the difficult of designing mechanical harvesters for short-stemmed cultivars, and increase field usage efficiency by shortening the growth period.

著者

Haruka Sato Natsumi Kawato Furong Li Kanto Ito Ami Shinoda Taichi Hasunuma Jiayi Liu Yasuyuki Kawaharada Chikako Nishitani Masato Wada Manabu Watanabe Sadao Komori

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-041, (Released:2023-05-31)

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Shoot regeneration experiments from growth-point-derived callus were conducted to improve apple genome editing techniques. The plant material studied was in vitro maintained shoots of ‘Fuji’. In the first step, a procedure for shoot formation from apple callus was established. After using the two earlier reported cases’ experimental procedures and media compositions, we investigated the effect of media variations in callus induction, callus multiplication, and shoot induction from the meristem. The procedure that yielded a higher shoot regeneration rate with meristem-derived callus involved shoot multiplication with 1001 medium followed by the Caboni’s callus induction medium, then without callus propagation on liquid medium, and then either Caboni’s or Saito-Suzuki’s shoot induction medium. In this experiment, axillary buds may remain as the shoot apexes were excised at 1 mm. In the next experiment, shoot apexes were excised at 0.5 mm to completely eliminate the axillary bud. Then treatment in the dark was added to the procedure to further improve shoot regeneration rates for the meristem-derived callus. Shoot multiplication medium and shoot induction medium procedures were conducted under dark conditions. This yielded the following optimal procedure: excising meristems from chlorosis shoots after 2–3 months of dark treatment in shoot multiplication medium on 1001; placing the excised meristems in Carboni’s callus induction medium in the dark for 20 days; then transferring the formed callus Saito-Suzuki’s shoot induction medium with incubation in the dark for at least 2 weeks. The shoot regeneration rates of calli treated in the dark for 6 weeks with shoot induction medium reached 68%. Relative to previous reports, this value is considered high for shoot regeneration from calli in apple cultivars.

著者

河本 英夫

出版者

東洋大学国際哲学研究センター (「 エコ・フィロソフィ」学際研究イニシアティブ) 事務局

雑誌

「エコ・フィロソフィ」研究 = Eco-Philosophy (ISSN:18846904)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.27-41, 2023-02