著者
高山 雄介 松永 恵
出版者
公益財団法人 自然保護助成基金
雑誌
自然保護助成基金助成成果報告書 (ISSN:24320943)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, pp.385-393, 2020

<p>2019年1月,西表島が世界自然遺産登録推薦され,2020年7月には登録となる見込みとなっている.西表島では,8割の住民が遺産登録のプラスよりもマイナスが大きいと考えており(県アンケート結果),4候補地中,遺産登録に最も否定的である.その不安は,過剰利用による自然環境の劣化,イリオモテヤマネコの交通事故増加,集落の生活環境の悪化(喧噪・公共交通・生活ごみ処理・上下水・公衆トイレ等のインフラ機能の不足等)にわたる.本プロジェクトでは,登録に伴うオーバーツーリズムのインパクトとその変化を地域目線で理解し,その対策を地域から政策決定者に求めるため,これまで実施してきた夜間パトロールによる交通量調査に新たな参加者を迎え体制強化を図ったほか,地域住民が自立的・持続的に実施できる新たなモニタリングについてもを検討した.</p>
著者
李 雪蓮 朴 紅 坂下 明彦
出版者
北海道大学大学院農学研究院
雑誌
農経論叢 (ISSN:03855961)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.72, pp.55-66, 2018-03-31

To solve the problem of a labor shortage in 3D industries (dirty, dangerous and demeaning industries) in a growing economy, the South Korean government began to develop its employment permit system for hiring foreign workers in the 1990s, followed by a series of labor policies in various areas, such as industrial technology training, employment management, and visiting employment. In this research, we focus on Chinese ethnic-Korean migrant workers, the largest group among foreign workers in Korea, study the background and current situation of related labor policies, and analyze the factors that influenced policy changes. By comparing the old- and new-generation migrant workers, it is understood that the deregulation has gradually stabilized in terms of employment, policies, welfare, etc. With the introduction of the visiting employment policy, illegal stays stemming from old policies, such as those for the purpose of visiting relatives or participating in industrial training programs, are legalized and regulated, and illegal ethnic-Korean migrant workers are recognized as“ compatriots.” Since foreign workers are essential for Korea’s labor market, providing access for trainees to change their employment status and join the legal labor force has helped to guarantee the labor supplement on one hand and reduce the number of illegal stays on the other. As a result, nearly 30% of Chinese ethnic-Koreans chose to stay in South Korea, accounting for 2.4% of Korea’s economically active population.
著者
上遠野 輝義 福岡 義隆
出版者
公益社団法人 日本地理学会
雑誌
日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers
巻号頁・発行日
no.64, 2003-10-11

1.はじめに これまでにも南関東地方から長野県東北部に至る大気汚染の長距離輸送に関する研究(栗田・植田、1986)や、南関東地方の小地域におけるオキシダント濃度と局地風についての研究(菊池、1983)などがあるが、関東地方全域のオキシダント濃度と局地風の関係についての研究例は、とくに最近10年間極めて少ない。温暖化にともなって最近、各地の光化学スモッグが高濃度化している。 そこで、本研究では、関東地方において特に注意報発令の多発した2000年夏半年について、全国的にみても高濃度日の多かった埼玉県に注目し、光化学オキシダント濃度分布と天気図型及び局地風(風向風速)の分布との関係について解析し考察を試みた。2.研究方法_丸1_使用した資料:2000年5月_から_9月夏半年における関東地方1都6県全域の大気汚染常時監視測定局の毎時データを用いた。オキシダント測定局数は約300局、風向風速は約350局であるが、栃木県の風データは欠測値が多かったのでアメダスデータを使用した。埼玉県における光化学スモッグに関しては1990_から_2000年についての傾向を調べてみた。_丸2_解析方法:光化学オキシダント濃度の分布図と風系図はArc View(GISソフト)を用いて1時間毎に描いた。全事例の中から、天気図型別に注意報発令日(120ppb以上)と非発令日(120ppb以下)の比較考察を行った。3.研究結果 今回は、全体的な傾向と事例研究として最も頻度の多かった天気図型(南高北低型)について、注意報発令日(7月23日)と非発令日(9月2日)とについて考察した結果を報告する。(1) 関東地方の月別光化学スモッグ注意報発令回数が最多県は埼玉(40件)で最少の神奈川の4倍である。(2) 過去5年間における埼玉県において注意報発令日の天気図型は、最も多かったのは南高北低型(33%強)で、移動性高気圧型と東高西低型(各12%前後)が次いでいる。(3) 注意報発令日7/23も非発令日9/2も南高北低型天気であり、後者では熊谷で39.8℃もの高温という残暑であったが、光化学オキシダント濃度分布と風系は異なる。前者では、海風の進入と気温上昇とともに埼玉県中部から群馬県にかけて120ppb以上の高濃度地域が発現している。一方、非発令日には海風などの風系は類似しているが陸風も強くオキシダント濃度は80ppb以下と低い。
著者
熊沢 忠躬 本田 啓二
出版者
耳鼻咽喉科臨床学会
雑誌
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 (ISSN:00326313)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.75, no.9, pp.1755-1766, 1982-09-01 (Released:2011-11-04)
参考文献数
18

An honorable presentation entitled “Clinical and Fundamental Studies on the Eustachian Tube” was reported at the annual meeting of Japan Society of Otolaryngology in 1980. In this presentation, the function of the Eustachian tube was discussed fundamentally and clinically, although we found that various clinical problems still remain in our practice on this tube.The following points should be considered;1) Are Eustachian tube problems functional or organic?2) The location of the lesion.3) Patency.4) Reversibility of dysfunction.5) Clearance function of fluid and air through the tube.6) Relationship between this tube and peritubal lesion in the pharyngeal ostium, tympanal ostium, parotid gland and submaxillar joint.7) Choice of therapeutic methods and evaluation of the result.When these problems are solved, the diagnosis of the Eustachian tube function will be made clearly. Tubo-tympanoaerodynamic graphy, tympanometry, cndoscopic and electromyographic findings will be useful for this purpose. Physical and anatomical research should also be performed.
著者
苗村 晶彦 渡邉 善之 小柳 信宏 楊 宗興 渡辺 幸一
出版者
公益社団法人 土木学会
雑誌
土木学会論文集G(環境)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.73, no.4, pp.172-176, 2017

首都圏に由来する汚染気塊の影響により,これと北接する福島県において光化学スモッグ注意報が発令されることがある.森林の物質循環に及ぼす大気の影響を調べるため,福島県中通りを流れる阿武隈川水系の源流域において,平水時のCl<sup>-</sup>濃度およびNO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>濃度を測定した.渓流水中のCl<sup>-</sup>濃度は,高い順に郡山,福島,西白河となった.首都圏の秩父多摩甲斐山岳域と比較すると,本調査値は標高の割りに郡山と福島でCl<sup>-</sup>濃度が高かった.NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>濃度については,3地点の平均濃度が12.8 μMで渓流水へのリーチングが相対的に小さく,地点間の変動も小さかった.関東周辺の森林渓流水では高濃度のNO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>が観測されるが,福島県中通りにおいては関東地方の窒素飽和問題とは異なることが考えられる.
著者
高田 彰二
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.3, pp.144-151, 2021 (Released:2021-05-28)
参考文献数
27

Towards cellular-scale structural modeling, multiscale biomolecular simulation is gaining much attention. Here, I review methodological aspects of coarse-grained (CG) biomolecular simulations. I begin with conceptual argument of coarse graining for proteins where the idea behind Gō models is discussed. Then, statistical physics and theories of coarse graining are described. I then exemplify a class of CG models for proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, where about 10 non-hydrogen atoms are grouped into one CG particles. Finally, I discuss three sources of speeding up by coarse graining.
著者
河端 照孝
雑誌
東京醫科大學雜誌 (ISSN:00408905)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, no.6, 2002-03-15
著者
鶴藤 鹿忠
出版者
The Geographic Education Society of Japan
雑誌
新地理 (ISSN:05598362)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, no.4, pp.294-300, 1961

As the objccts of present study the writer has selected Bittschu area, lying the west of Okayama Prefecture and having the Takahashi River in its central part. He has studied its rural houses from the point of materials for thatching, roof forms, the arrangement of rooms and the difussion of techniques in thatching.<br>1) Materials for thatching roofs<br>This area can be classified into miscanthus thatching, miscanthus and straw thatching and straw thatching areas. Miscanthusthatched houses are found in the Chugoku Mountains and in the northern part of the Kibi Tableland, where miscanthus can be most easily obtained. Miscanthus grows in the tracts commonly owned by the people. They make it practice to co-operate in thatching their houses. In most of the Kibi Tableland where a straw is grown better than a miscanthus and a miscanthus alone is not sufficient for thatching, miscanthus and straw thatching can be seen, while in the plains of the south where there is no miscanthus but plentiful straw, straw thatching is generally practiced.<br>We can find a close connection between the geographical features …………… the Chugoku mountains, the Kibi Tableland and the plains in the south ………… and the materials for thatching roofs.<br>2) The roof forms<br>There are three classes of roof forms ……… <i>irimoya</i> roof, <i>yosemune</i> roof and gable roof. In Okayama Prefecture, many <i>irimoya</i> roofs mixed fewer <i>yosemune</i> roofs, and here and there tiled gables, but hardly straw-thatched ones are seen. <i>Irimoya</i> roofs are chiefly found in the Chugo kuMountains and the Kibi Tableland, while in the middle and southern section of the Kibi Table-land <i>irimoya</i> roofs are mixed with <i>yosemune</i>. The further toward the south wego down, the smaller gables become, and in the Kojima Peninsula, the extreme south, only <i>yosemune</i> roofs are found. In regard to the roof ornaments, they are simple in the Chugoku Mountains, complex in the Kibi Tableland and simple again in the plains of the south. The most striking ornaments of gables are openworks of a letter "water" or of a family crest found in the Chugoku Mountains and the north-west section of the Kibi Tableland.<br>3) The arrangement of rooms<br>Ordinarily four rooms are common, but here and there irregular ones are also found. In the north there is a hearth. In the central part also, once there must have been a hearth. That is testified by the presence of a wooden floor. Formerly a barn was established within a house. But later, it was built independently outside the house, leaving a large earth floor behind. A wooden floor was fixed where the earth floor had been. Thus the hearth, which had been in the middle room, was moved to a newlymade woden floor.<br>In Okayama Prefecture cattle have been kept in a main house except in the central and southern parts of West Bittschu.<br>As for pillars in a house, chestnuts are chiefly used as materials in miscanthus and straw thatching area as well as in miscanthus area, while Japan ceders or pine trees are used in straw thatching area. Pine trees are generally used for the upper part of a house. An old style buildig, in which pillars are directly erected on the foundation, still remains along the coast of the Inland Sea.<br>4) Diffusion of the technique in thatching roofs<br>It seems that they thatched their roofs in co-operation. Since Meiji Era so-called Geishu Roofers, ……… most of them were natives of Hiro village ……… have been working all over Okayama Prefecture away from their home. Some of them have settled down and been training their apprentices. Carpenters also diffused all over the prefecture. Many of the shrines were built by Shiaku carpenters, who, the writer supposes, have had some effect upon rural house type. However, only small number of them have penetrated deep into the north, so