著者

能島 暢呂

出版者

安全工学会

雑誌

安全工学 (ISSN:05704480)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.50-56, 1996-02-15 (Released:2017-06-30)

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本稿は,兵庫県南部地震(1995年1月17日,マグニチュード7.2)による電力施設とガス施設の被害概要と緊急対応および復旧過程についてまとめたものである.ライフライン系の壊滅は,多数の死傷者と建物被害とともに阪神・淡路大震災の様相を特徴づける被害の一つであった.中でも,都市のエネルギー供給を担う電力施設およびガス施設の被害は都市活動に短期的・長期的に多大な影響を与え,緊急対応や復旧過程において多くの問題を残し,地震防災対策の再検討を促すものであった,

著者

出井 祐治

出版者

国際浮世絵学会

雑誌

浮世絵芸術 (ISSN:00415979)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, pp.21-26, 1973 (Released:2020-10-14)

著者

芳年

出版者

秋山武右エ門

雑誌

月百姿

巻号頁・発行日

1887

著者

山本 省

出版者

信州大学農学部

雑誌

信州大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:05830621)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.51-60, 1996-12

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生涯木を植え続けることによって荒れ果てた地方を再生させた老人の物語は,作者ジオノが子供時代に父親とドングリの実を植えたという体験に根ざしており,木を植えるという喜びは彼にとってきわめて親しいものであった。生きる喜びは傑作『喜びは残る』のなかで縦横無尽に展開されたテーマである。この架空の物語を書くことによってジオノは読者に森の大切さを納得させる。虚構の物語が事実より雄弁なことがある。それが小説家の仕事である。

著者

金谷 益道

出版者

同志社大学

雑誌

同志社大学英語英文学研究 (ISSN:02861291)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, pp.23-37, 2006-03

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ヘンリー・ジェイムズは"The Art of Fiction"で、小説の唯一の存在理由は「人生の再現」を企てることにあると示唆する一方で、小説の中で「人生の幻影」を作り出すことが小説家の仕事だとも主張する。ジェイムズは小説の虚構性を暴露し、「人生の幻影」を破壊しかねない作中での作者の介入を行うアンソニー・トロロープを非難し、「人生の幻影」を読者に与えるために小説家は歴史家の口調で語るべきだと主張している。ジェイムズは歴史や他の非虚構的作品にあると思われている、「既にあるもの」を忠実に再現するというミメーシス的再現形式こそが読者に「人生の幻影」を与え、小説の虚構性を隠蔽する助けとなると考えていた。ジェイムズがミメーシス的再現をする対象として選んだものは、作家のメトニミー的想像力により得られた人生の「印象」である。整理することなく頭の中で保持された人生の「印象」をまず頭の中で忠実に再現し、その再現した「印象」を書かれた文字によりテクストへもう一度忠実に再現するという度重なるミメーシスをジェイムズは目指したのである。ジェイムズはまた小説作成の法則化や小説の類型化・分類を拒んでいるが、これは彼が法則や類型という準拠しなければならない規範に従って生み出された小説は「因襲的で伝統的な型」を読者に意識させることになり、最後には小説の虚構性を露呈し、「人生の幻影」を破壊してしまうと考えていたからである。"The Art of Fiction" includes a succinct statement of Henry James's artistic credo: the "only reason for the existence of a novel is that it does attempt to represent life." A quick glimpse of a situation, according to James, can give a novelist, endowed with the "power to guess the unseen from the seen, to trace the implication of things, to judge the whole piece by the pattern," impressions that allow him or her to "produce a life" in its complexity. While on the one hand James takes it upon himself to represent life in its complexity, he also sets great store by "the illusion of life." It is for this reason that James often criticizes Anthony Trollope's self-referential authorial intrusions, which expose the fictionality of fictional works and destroy "the illusion of life."James argues that "if [fiction] will not give itself away . . . it must speak . . . with the tone of the historian." Though many narratologists have argued that history is a representation in narrative form, we often think that there is no narrative form imposed by historians on their texts, or that they are immediately transcribing a pre-existing sequence of events. James makes use of this illusion of immediacy, or that of mimesis, to produce "the illusion of life." James makes it imperative not to impose upon "a personal . . . impression of life" the form that we often attribute to fictional works. As suggested in his argument that "[i]n proportion as in what [fiction] offers us we see life without rearrangement do we feel that we are touching the truth," James's purpose here is to produce "the illusion of life," or to achieve the effect of convincing the reader that the "life" they see is true. James also expresses his opposition to Walter Besant's attempt to formulate "laws of fiction." His objection is that these would conform all fictional works to "conventional, traditional moulds"—so conventional and traditional as to allow the reader to perceive the fictionality of the fictional works. James believes that his mimetic rendering of personal impressions will serve the purpose of preventing his works from being perceived as duplicates of "conventional, traditional moulds." However, as implied in his comment on Émile Zola, who, "[q]uarrelling with all conventions, defiant of them in general, . . . was yet inevitably to set up his own group of them," James¬ is also aware that this "art of fiction" will soon be regarded as one of "conventional, traditional moulds."

著者

水越 美奈

出版者

日本ペット栄養学会

雑誌

ペット栄養学会誌 (ISSN:13443763)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.109-111, 2019-10-10 (Released:2019-10-31)

参考文献数

10

著者

倉田 徹

出版者

独立行政法人 日本貿易振興機構アジア経済研究所

雑誌

アジア動向年報 (ISSN:09151109)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2019, pp.151-170, 2019 (Released:2019-10-24)

著者

津谷 喜一郎 峰下 哲 富永 幸夫 佐久間 昭

出版者

一般社団法人 日本臨床薬理学会

雑誌

臨床薬理 (ISSN:03881601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.261-262, 1985-03-30 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

3

著者

斎藤充功著

出版者

学研マーケティング (発売)

巻号頁・発行日

2014

著者

石川 徳久 古田 愼作

出版者

中部大学工学部

雑誌

中部大学工学部紀要 (ISSN:09108629)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.75-78, 2006-12

被引用文献数

1

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At present, Eisenman equation combining a diffusion potential difference in the glass with a phase boundary potential difference in solution-glass interface tends to have been accepted widely as a theoretical equation of pH-sensing glass electrode potential. In this paper, it is clarified that there are a physiochemical mistake of using the concentration instead of the activity to be originally used in the ionic flux equation and a mathematical mistake of applying a definite integral on the discontinuous phase. Potential equation obtained by correcting these mistakes, is the isomorphic one which is similar to the equation reported by Nikolsky, and it does not coincide with the experimental data.

著者

服部元彦 編

出版者

国語伝習所

巻号頁・発行日

1890

著者

鈴木,公英

出版者

土質工学会

雑誌

土と基礎

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.9, 1990-09-25

著者

Junji Shinohara Philip Gribble

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.135-141, 2013-03-25 (Released:2013-04-08)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

1 3

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The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of five-toed socks with multiple rubber bits on the foot sole in influencing static postural control among healthy young adults. Twenty six healthy young adults were asked to complete three testing sessions to measure static postural control under three sock conditions: wearing five-toed socks with multiple rubber bits on the foot sole (FS), wearing regular socks (RS), and wearing no socks (NS). For each sock condition, static postural control was assessed on a force plate with the subject in a single-limb stance with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC). The subjects were instructed to stand on the dominant limb as still as possible for 15 seconds. Center of Pressure Velocity (COPV) was calculated in anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions. The dependent COPV variables were calculated in AP and ML separately for EO and EC trials. The independent variable was sock condition (FS, RS and NS). For each dependent variable, a one-way repeated measures ANOVA was performed, with Sidak post hoc analyses. During EO trials in AP direction, the FS condition (0.53±0.15 cm/second) had a significantly slower COPV value than the RS condition (0.59±0.21 cm/second). During EO trials in ML direction, there was a trend that the FS condition (0.60±0.16 cm/second) had a slower COPV value than the RS (0.67±0.21 cm/second) condition. No significant relationship was observed during EC trials in either AP or ML directions. These results indicate that, during EO trials, the FS condition was associated with increased static postural stability when compared to the RS condition.

著者

山田 朋弘 森 悦秀 南 克浩 三島 克章 内田 浩 塚本 雄一 宮島 貴博 松本 憲

出版者

社団法人 日本口腔外科学会

雑誌

日本口腔外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215163)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.7, pp.427-434, 1999-07-20

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

3 1

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Nineteen cases of unilateral cleft lip and nose were measured and evaluated before and after open rhinoplasty with the use of facial plaster models and a high-accuracy threedimensional digitizer (TRISTATION400CNC, Nikon, Tokyo). Surgery was performed from 1990 through 1994. The mean age of the subjects was 18.6 years.<BR>Three-dimensional wire-frame models were obtained from facial plaster models, and nasal landmarks were extracted automatically by an original program. The landmarks were evaluated and compared according to three operation techniques:(1) Flying bird group: A flying bird incision was made across the columella, and a tornado incision was made in the nostril. After cartilage reconstruction, complex tissue was transplanted into the nostril. Furthermore, Z-plasty was done across the white lip and the alar base of the affected side.(2) Col. base-graft group: An incision was made in the columella base and nostril rim. After cartilage reconstruction, ear cartilage was transplanted onto the nasal tip, alar, or both (3) Col. base-non-graft group: An incision was made in the columella base and nostril rim. The nasal cartilage was reconstructed without a graft.<BR>The nasal tips deviated about 5 mm to the normal side before operation and were corrected after operation in all groups. In the flying bird and col. base-graft groups, the nasal tips moved about 3 mm anteriorly. The difference in the distance between the columelia base and the alar base decreased markedly in the flying bird group. The columella base deviated about 3mm to the normal side before surgery and was corrected after surgery in all groups. In the Col. base-graft group, the columella base protruded inferiorly after operation. No remarkable change was observed in the alar dip in any group.<BR>The procedure used in the flying bird group was suggested to result in a better morphological outcome than the procedures used in the col. base with/without graft groups.

著者

筒井 裕之

出版者

一般社団法人 日本痛風・核酸代謝学会

雑誌

痛風と核酸代謝 (ISSN:13449796)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.2, pp.215-216, 2018-12-20 (Released:2018-12-20)

著者

Noriko HAYASHI Tetsuo IIDA Takako YAMADA Kazuhiro OKUMA Isao TAKEHARA Takashi YAMAMOTO Koji YAMADA Masaaki TOKUDA

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.3, pp.510-519, 2010-03-23 (Released:2010-03-23)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

141

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This clinical study was conducted to investigate the safety and effect of D-psicose on postprandial blood glucose levels in adult men and women, including borderline diabetes patients. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover experiment of single ingestion was conducted on 26 subjects who consumed zero or 5 g of D-psicose in tea with a standard meal. The blood glucose levels at fasting and 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after the meal were compared. The blood glucose level was significantly lower 30 and 60 min after the meal with D-psicose (p<0.01, p<0.05), and a significant decrease was also shown in the area under the curve (p<0.01). The results suggest that D-psicose had an effect to suppress the postprandial blood glucose elevation mainly in borderline diabetes cases. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled parallel-group experiment of long-term ingestion was conducted on 17 normal subjects who took 5 g of D-psicose or D-glucose with meals three times a day for 12 continuous weeks. Neither any abnormal effects nor clinical problems caused by the continuous ingestion of D-psicose were found.

著者

前川 一恵 桑田 惠子 星山 佳治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本在宅医療連合学会

雑誌

日本在宅医療連合学会誌 (ISSN:24354007)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.2, pp.10-17, 2020 (Released:2020-09-29)

参考文献数

16

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[目的]在宅復帰を目指す高齢患者の摂食・嚥下機能の回復への看護援助の内容を明らかにする .[方法]地域包括ケア病棟に勤務する看護師 130 名を対象に , 摂食・嚥下機能の回復への援助 4 因子 43 項目に加えて , 在宅復帰に向ける食事への援助 3 因子 20 項目で構成した自記式質問紙調査を実施した .[結果]摂食・嚥下機能の回復への援助項目で実施割合が最も高かったものは ,「患者の覚醒状況の観察」(95. 0%)であった . 在宅復帰に向ける食事への援助項目では ,「入院前の認知機能の情報収集」(90.0%)であったが ,【 患者・家族への食事指導 】は 50%以下が 4 項目あった . 実施割合が低い項目は , 食具に関する援助項目と , 作業療法士への相談 , 食前の唾液腺マッサージや口腔内のアイスマッサージであった .[考察]患者の摂食・嚥下機能の回復を目指しては , 食具への知識や, 作業療法士との連携を増やす必要が示唆された. また, 高齢者が退院後も摂食・嚥下機能を維持していくためには , 患者・家族指導の実施割合を高める必要が考えられた .

出版者

日経BP社

雑誌

日経ビジネス (ISSN:00290491)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1099, pp.92-94, 2001-07-09

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今年2月、東京・新宿の百貨店、伊勢丹でバレンタインデー向けの催し物が開かれた際、ある店舗の前にひときわ大きな人だかりがあった。「フォムファス」(ドイツ語で「樽から」の意)と名づけられたその店舗では、チョコレートではなく酒を売っていた。 ただし普通の酒屋とはずいぶん趣が違った。

著者

磯部 光章

出版者

公益財団法人 日本心臓財団

雑誌

心臓 (ISSN:05864488)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.8, pp.953-956, 2018-08-15 (Released:2019-08-23)

著者

青森県警察史編纂委員会 編

出版者

青森県警察本部

巻号頁・発行日

vol.下巻, 1977