著者

井上 彰

出版者

JAPANESE POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION

雑誌

年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.2_276-2_295, 2008 (Released:2012-12-28)

参考文献数

21

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Left-libertarianism has attracted our attention as one of the powerful strands of political philosophy. Left-libertarianism endorses the thesis of self-ownership and reinterprets the Locken proviso in an egalitarian manner. It holds, roughly, that while people own their mind and body, unowned resources should be distributed equally among them.   This paper attempts to specify the merits and limits of left-libertarianism. On the one hand, left-libertarianism has two merits. First, left-libertarians demonstrate the possibility of justice as a system of perfect duties in such a way that the thesis of self-ownership is reasonably weakened. Second, the left-libertarian (re)interpretations of the Lockean proviso lead us to see the plausibility of the proviso as an egalitarian principle of justice. On the other hand, there are two problems with left-libertarianism. First, some inequalities resulting from the difference of people's native endowments are left unattended in the left-libertarian argument, mainly because left-libertarians fail to distinguish voluntariness from non-coerciveness; the thesis of self-ownership guarantees the latter, not always the former. Second, left-libertarianism is vulnerable to real-life uncertainty. Given that uncertainty is a characteristic trait of our market society, this implication seems fatal to the left-libertarian argument.

著者

馬部 隆弘

出版者

大阪大谷大学歴史文化学科

雑誌

大阪大谷大学歴史文化研究 = Bulletin of the Research in History and Culture, Osaka Ohtani University

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.82-71, 2018-03

著者

Kazutaka Takahashi Hiroshi Itoh Junya Hirai Kazuaki Tadokoro Koh Nishiuchi

出版者

The Plankton Society of Japan, The Japanese Association of Benthology

雑誌

Plankton and Benthos Research (ISSN:18808247)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.4, pp.358-368, 2022-11-30 (Released:2022-11-30)

参考文献数

31

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A new species of sapphirinid copepod, Sapphirina doliolettae n. sp. was described from the Kuroshio Extension region in the western North Pacific Ocean. The new species is similar to S. nigromaculata and S. scarlata with respect to the following characteristics: 5-segmented antennule, one inner marginal process on caudal rami, and slender endopods with two apical spines on leg 4. However, it can be distinguished from these congeners by a combination of the following characteristics: the relative length of each segment of the antennule and antenna in both sexes, the width of the fourth pedigerous somite in females, the shape of the anterolateral corner of the genital somite in males and terminal process length of 3rd endopodal segment of leg 2 in males. The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequences of S. doliolettae showed high interspecific variabilities from other Sapphirina species, including S. nigromaculata (20.2%) and S. scarlata (21.6–21.8%).

著者

小原 敦美

出版者

一般社団法人 システム制御情報学会

雑誌

システム/制御/情報 (ISSN:09161600)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.5, pp.283-284, 2001-05-15 (Released:2017-04-15)

参考文献数

4

著者

池田 暁彦 松田 康弘

出版者

一般社団法人 日本物理学会

雑誌

日本物理学会誌 (ISSN:00290181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.5, pp.318-320, 2018-05-05 (Released:2019-02-05)

参考文献数

10

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話題―身近な現象の物理―コインに磁場をかけると,どうなる?

著者

渡部 洋 松川 節 小野 浩 古松 崇志 石野 一晴 毛利 英介 伴 真一朗 清水 奈都紀

出版者

大谷大学真宗総合研究所

雑誌

大谷大学真宗総合研究所研究紀要 = ANNUAL MEMOIRS OF THE OTANI UNIVERSITY SHIN BUDDHIST COMPREHENSIVE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:13432753)

巻号頁・発行日

no.29, pp.107-238, 2012-03-31

著者

町田 明広

雑誌

神田外語大学日本研究所紀要 = The Bulletin of the Research Intsitute for Japanese Studies (ISSN:13403699)

巻号頁・発行日

no.15, pp.1-43, 2023-03-30

著者

堀上 英紀

出版者

法政大学教養部

雑誌

法政大学教養部紀要. 自然科学編 = 法政大学教養部紀要. 自然科学編 (ISSN:02882388)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.113, pp.17-44, 2000-02

著者

日置 俊次

出版者

青山学院大学

雑誌

紀要 (ISSN:05181194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, pp.1-25, 2014

著者

松本 元

出版者

公益社団法人 応用物理学会

雑誌

応用物理 (ISSN:03698009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.8, pp.849-850, 1996-08-10 (Released:2009-02-05)

参考文献数

2

著者

大尾 侑子

出版者

日本出版学会

雑誌

出版研究 (ISSN:03853659)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, pp.47-70, 2021 (Released:2023-03-31)

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本稿は1925年創刊の雑誌『文藝市場』による街頭での直筆原稿叩き売りに着目し,この実践が有名性に支配された文学界への批判であり,その背景には「直筆原稿」を作家の肉体労働の痕跡とみなし,商品価値を認めるべきだとする同人の主張があったことを明らかにした.また,売上金を共同印刷争議に寄付し,構成派的な「活字」表現を駆使するなど,この試みが労働運動とプロレタリア芸術運動との交点にあったことも指摘した.

著者

天羽 大平 福崎 淳子

出版者

日本教育心理学会

雑誌

日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集

巻号頁・発行日

no.26, pp.290-291, 1984-08-20

著者

交詢社 編

出版者

交詢社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33版, 1929

著者

西尾 哲夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本オリエント学会

雑誌

オリエント (ISSN:00305219)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.54-73, 1991 (Released:2010-03-12)

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purpose of the present paper is to make a linguistic analysis of the Judeo-Arabic manuscript Or. 7768 preserved in the British Library, which belongs to the so-called Cairo Geniza collection. This manuscript contains two versions of purim mitzrayim (Purim of Egypt or Cairo) written in Hebrew and Arabic, the latter, of course, using the Hebrew characters.According to the parameter of the phonetic correspondence between Hebrew letters and Arabic sounds which each letter stands for, Judeo-Arabic documents can be roughly classified into four periods; i) Early Judeo-Arabic (8C.-10C.), which is written in Early Vulgar Judeo-Arabic Spelling; ii) Classical Judeo-Arabic (10C.-15C.), which is written in Classical Judeo-Arabic Spelling; iii) Later Judeo-Arabic (15C.-18C.), which is written in Later Judeo-Arabic Spelling; and iv) Modern Judeo-Arabic (19C.-). The language of the manuscript in question basically belongs to the third variety of Judeo-Arabic, but shows many linguistic features characteristic of Classical Judeo-Arabic (Spelling).

著者

本合 陽

出版者

東京女子大学

雑誌

東京女子大学紀要論集 (ISSN:04934350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.1, pp.115-138, 2007-09

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This paper argues that asexuality of the protagonists is the crucial element that drives Howard Overing Sturgis's novels, Tim (1891) and Belchamber (1904). The heroes and heroines in the late nineteenth century cannot deviate from the role models that "compulsory heterosexuality" imposes upon them. Sturgis's protagonists do not seemingly belong to the figure. However, they must develop their character under the pressure of the compulsory heterosexuality. Their asexuality does not provide them with other choices, which causes their tragedy. Tim, the protagonist of Tim, is a boy who loves only nature and has just expected that "the tender gracious figure" would come to him. He does not know what he is and has no erotic desire for anybody. However, two triangular relationships drive him to the awareness of gender and sexuality. The relationship with his father and his friend Carol makes him realize that he is not like other boys. The relationship with Carol and his girlfriend Violet reminds him of marriage, which in turn makes him realize that his love for Carol is similar to Jonathan's love for David in the First Book of Samuel: Tim's love for Carol is homoerotic. In other words, the compulsory heterosexuality drives asexual Tim to become a hero who dies when he confesses his homoerotic desire. Sainty, the protagonist of Belchamber, is a boy who loves embroidery. In his triangular relationship with his mother and his younger brother, whom the role of the hero of the story and the heir to Belchamber befits, Sainty becomes aware that he is "effeminate" and "not manly." Accordingly, he starts to take on the role of a mother. However, another triangular relationship with his vicious cousin and a pretty girl forces him to think about marriage with the girl. Also in Belchamber, compulsory heterosexuality dominates the life of the protagonist. Sainty's asexuality deprives him of other choices of living for him. Sturgis's works do not seem to have been properly assessed. According to the discussion on the process that the main characters are forced towards "the heroes," protagonists' asexuality makes the true value of the works invisible.

著者

元政 著

出版者

村上勘兵衛

巻号頁・発行日

1883

著者

大滝 世津子

出版者

東洋館出版社

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, pp.105-125, 2006

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The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the formation of groups in kindergarten and the process of gender identification by children through their kindergarten life. In the field of sociology of education in Japan, there have been some studies on the process of gender identification. However, they have focused on the intensification process of gender categories, but tended to ignore the trigger that leads children to recognize their own "correct" gender, and how they do so. The author observed this process at a private kindergarten in Kanagawa, Japan, from April to October 2005. The author observed 31 children, aged from three to four years old, in two classes. The author carried out a pseudo-experiment in this kindergarten. In this experiment, the criteria of gender identification was conceptualized by using the discussion of "appel" (roll call) following the theory of Althusser. In other words, the observer counted the number of children who responded when the kindergarten teachers called out to them using the category of onnanoko (girls) or otokonoko (boys), and recorded the results periodically. It was found that once a homogeneous sexual group was formed in a class, the children's gender identification process was accelerated. In addition, the time of gender identification influenced by the peer group differed between the two classes. The latter finding shows that the process of gender identification is not only dependent on the child's own development process, or the home environment, but is also dependent on the kindergarten's peer group activities.

著者

名古屋市 編

出版者

名古屋市

巻号頁・発行日

vol.地理編, 1916

著者

小池 淳一

出版者

国立歴史民俗博物館

雑誌

国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告 (ISSN:02867400)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.174, pp.133-144, 2012-03

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本稿では目をめぐる民俗事象を取り上げ、感覚の民俗研究の端緒とするとともに、兆・応・禁・呪といった俗信の基盤として考察した。まず最初に、柳田國男の一目小僧論を検討し、さらにその範疇に入らない年中行事における目の力に対する伝承を指摘した。次いで片目の魚の伝承や縁起物のダルマに着目し、片方の目しかない状態を移行や変化の表現としてとらえるべきであることを確認した。さらに左の目を重視する説話的な伝承が確認できること、また片目というのは禁忌の表現でもあることを見出した。最後に「見る」という行為から構成される民俗について、特に「国見」、「岡見」、市川團十郎における「にらみ」、「月見」などを取り上げて分析した。その結果、従来は「見る」行為には鎮魂の意義があるとされてきたが、さらにその内容を詳細に検討する必要があることが判明した。今後はさらに多くの「見る」民俗を分析するとともに五官に関わる民俗を総合的に検討することを目指したい。This article deals with folkloric events over the eye, marking the start of the study of folklore of the senses, which are studied as the basis of folk beliefs e.g. in the form of omens, knowledge, taboos and Magic. The article first examines the theory of the Hitotsume-kozo (one-eyed boy) of Kunio Yanagita and also indicates traditions for the power of the eye in annual events outside the above categories. Subsequently, it focuses on the tradition of the oneeyed fish and daruma dolls as auspicious and confirms that a one-eyed status should be understood as an expression of transition and transformation. Furthermore, it indicates a narrative tradition that prioritizes the left eye and finds that one-eye is also a taboo expression. Finally, this article analyzes the folklore composed of the actions of "seeing" by dealing, especially with "kunimi," "okami," "nirami ( glare) " in Ichikawa Danjuro, "tsukimi ( moon viewing) ," etc. As a result, the need for further detailed examination of the contents is clarified, although actions of "seeing" were conventionally thought to mean soothing someone's soul. In future, the author of this article would like to analyze more "seeing" folklore and comprehensively examine the folklore of five senses.

著者

苅谷 剛彦

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.213-230, 2000-05-10 (Released:2011-03-18)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

6 6

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In the field of the sociological study of educational attainment, inequality due to socioeconomic status has long been a major theme. Many theories have been proposed to explain such inequalities: heredity, cultural deprivation, linguistic socialization, anti-school culture, and cultural capital. Most of these theories, which emerged from the West, emphasize differences in ability or preschool-family socialization depending on SES (socioeconomic status). Based on empirical analyses of the study hours of Japanese high school students, this study attempts to challenge these Western theoretical traditions by introducing a theory of inequality of effort.This study uses two survey data sets of 11th graders in 11 Japanese high schools: one was collected in 1979, and the other in 1997, using questionnaires with the same questions. Using these two data sets, the after-school study hours of students are compared between the two periods, and the influences of socioeconomic status on study hours are also examined. Cross tabulation analysis, comparing means of study hours, and regression analyses are conducted. The results of these analyses show that study hours decreased over the 18 years, that the degree of decrease differed among different SES groups, and that the effect of SES has increased over the 18 years, after controlling other variables.Based on these findings, we argue that inequality of effort contributes to the inequality of educational attainment, that the effect of SES is dependent on educational situations, such as the reduction in the pressure of “exam hell” which has been caused by a decline of young people's population and education reform, and that even in Western societies, inequality of effort may be involved in inequalities of educational attainment. We contend that the ideology of meritocracy, particularly the Japanese version of it with its strong emphasis on effort, successfully conceals a reality of unequal educational attainment by assuming an equal distribution of efforts.