著者

小泉 銘冊 久原 重松

出版者

日本植物病理学会

雑誌

日本植物病理學會報 (ISSN:00319473)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.5, pp.620-627, 1984-12-25

被引用文献数

2 3

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1965年頃からわが国西南暖地のカンキツに発生したにせ黄斑病の病原を究明するため, 各地から採取した罹病葉の生切片を懸滴培養した結果, 数種の酵母様微生物および細菌を得た。これらをナツミカン葉に葉肉注射接種した結果, 酵母様微生物の一部菌株が病原性を示し, 接種部は黄変症状を呈した。ウンシュウミカン未硬化葉に噴霧接種した結果, コロニー性状が異なる2種類の酵母様微生物のみ病原性を示した。その一つ (No. 3, 4, 6菌株) は病原力が強く, 左右非対称の射出胞子を形成し, 鮭肉色コロニーで菌糸を作らず, 専ら多極出芽で増殖することから Spobolomyces sp. と考えられた。他の菌株 (No. 10) は鹿児島県果樹試験場からの分譲菌株 (Ta-7415) と同一種で, 両者とも病原力は弱い。その特異的形態の菌糸から Aureobasidium sp.と同定した。噴霧接種での病原力や薬剤感受性の違い, 圃場での感染時期と生態的特性に関する既往の知見などから, Sporobolomyces sp.が主たる病原体と推定された。

著者

野田 康文

出版者

日本比較文学会

雑誌

比較文学

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.7-21, 2000

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<p> In Ōoka Shohei's <i>Musashino Fujin</i> (<i>The Lady Musashino</i>, 1950), the preceding literary texts by Radiguet and Stendhal appear in the form of quotation or hint, and those texts organically relate to the contents and constitution of the plot of Ōoka's story. This paper seeks to examine the intertextual aspects of Ōoka's creative methodology, focusing in particular on the relationship between <i>Musashino Fujin</i> and Stendhal's <i>La Chartreuse de Parme</i> (<i>The Charterhouse of Parma</i>, 1839).</p><p> In part one, in order to demonstrate the importance of analyzing <i>Musashino Fujin</i> in relation to <i>La Chartreuse de Parme</i>, I look at the ground swell of interest in Stendhal's works in Japan after World War ll, as well as the parallel relationship between Ōoka's translating of <i>La Chartreuse de Parme</i> and the structuring of <i>Musashino Fujin</i>. In addition, I give examples of how the text of <i>La Chartreuse de Parme</i> is interwoven in the text of <i>Musashino Fujin</i>.</p><p> In part two, by comparing the different usage of the theme of "vow" important to the latter half of both works, I analyze the divergence in narrative created through this interweaving of texts. In contrast to <i>La Chartreuse de Parme</i> in which a tragedy comes as "the punishment of God" after a vow made to the Madonna is broken, in <i>Musashino Fujin</i> a tragedy as "the accident" occurs when the attempt is made to uphold a vow undertaken in the absence of God. In conclusion of these analyses, I suggest that while the text of Stendhal's <i>La Chartreuse de Parme</i> is woven into the text of <i>Musashino Fujin</i>, Ōoka plays with the meaning of the theme of "vow" in order to emphasize differences in culture and periodization existing between the texts in a critical manner.</p>

著者

神戸 周

出版者

Japan Society of Sport Anthropology

雑誌

スポーツ人類學研究 (ISSN:13454358)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2007, no.9, pp.1-28, 2008

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<I>Frevo</I> is a popular spectacle of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Concerning the word "frevo", three meanings were ascertained : 1) dance which is witnessed in the streets and dance parties during a carnival (<I>Frevo</I> as a street dance with characteristic steps is especially called <I>Passo</I>), 2) music which is characterized by its syncopated, violent and frenzied rhythm and 3) enthusiastic crowd which parades through the streets during a carnival. With these three meanings in mind, in this study the popular spectacle was examined from two points of view : 1) historical examination about the circumstances of <I>Frevo</I>'s appearance in the streets of Recife's carnival and 2) analysis of <I>Passo</I>'s steps (which are practiced at the pres-ent day) and performances. <BR>The first topic was examined by means of written materials which were collected in Recife by the author. The data utilized for examining the second topic were videotapes in which the steps and performances of <I>Passo</I> had been recorded by the author under the direction of Mestre Nascimento do Passo who was the leading expert on this dance. The video recording was held in Recife and Olinda in August, 2003. The eighty-six steps of <I>Passo</I> were classified from five points of view (which were found out by observing the videotapes closely) and the steps used by five <I>passistas</I> (<I>Frevo</I> dancers) in their solo performances were specified. The results of this study were summarized as follows. <BR><I>Frevo</I> was appeared in the streets of Recife during a carnival early in the 20th century. It was considered that two social factors had had a great influence on its appearance. The first factor was a change of festival style in the street carnival (In Recife, after the 1850s, fancy dress parade gradually took the place of disorderly street carnival style called <I>entrudo</I>). The second was an large-scale influx of the black lower classes into the city of Recife as a consequence of the abolition of slavery in 1888. Carnival clubs which appeared successively in the 1880s and were called <I>clubes pedestres</I> impelled the residents of Recife to a new carnival diversion, that is, to make merry accompanying a parade of those clubs in large numbers. On that occasion, enthusiasm called <I>Frevo</I> appeared in the crowd. The mainspring which led the crowd to enthusiasm was music played by brass bands of carnival clubs. This music called <I>marcha-polca</I> (march-polka) was considered a principal source of <I>Frevo</I> as a music (There were two distinct points of difference between <I>marcha-polca</I> and <I>Frevo</I> : 1) presence or absence of the lyrics and 2) tempo of the playing). The roughs called <I>capoeiras</I> also accompanied the parade and practiced physical movements of <I>capoeiragem</I> (martial arts of African origin) brandishing weapons such as a stick or a knife (It was supposed that the abolition of slavery had made <I>capoeiras</I>' antisocial activities more lively). Concerning the appearance of <I>Passo</I>, a hypothesis was brought forward : to avoid attracting the attention of the police, <I>capoeiragem</I> was disguised as lively dance in the streets during a carnival (In the process of transition from <I>capoeiragem</I> to <I>Passo</I>, blows and kicks at other people and undisguised hand weapons disappeared). <BR>In this study, <I>Passo</I> was considered "a dance composed of various steps". On the occasion of analysis of <I>Passo</I>, the effectiveness of this idea was considerably made sure (Mestre Nascimento do Passo had already applied the idea to his instructional method of <I>Passo</I> by inventing forty basic steps). As a result of motion analysis of eighty-six steps, five characteristics emerged : 1) two basic positions of <I>Passo</I>, that is, a standing and a squatting, 2) repetition of movement (which was found in seventy-three steps), 3) bilat-eral symmetry

著者

平島 円 Hirashima Madoka

出版者

日本調理科学会

雑誌

日本調理科学会誌 = Journal of cookery science of Japan (ISSN:13411535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.47-51, 2007-04-01

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平成18年度日本調理科学会奨励賞受賞記念論文

出版者

日経BP社

雑誌

日経ネットビジネス (ISSN:13450328)

巻号頁・発行日

no.81, pp.102-106, 2001-09-10

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機械いじりが好きだったラジオ少年から、ゲームを自作するマイコン少年、ついにはXMLのキーマンへと成長した平野洋一郎。技術者の道を捨て、"商売"を学ぶ決断を下した男の成功への道を追った。(敬称略) インターネットはビジネスの形態を確実に変えつつある。

著者

高橋 紳吾

出版者

東邦大学

巻号頁・発行日

1984

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博士論文

著者

原 真和 Masakazu Hara

雑誌

聖和短期大学紀要 = Seiwa bulletin (ISSN:24239437)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.41-47, 2017-03-31

著者

高木 昭佳 吉田 直子 渡部 有貴 中川 洋子 北澤 英徳 三村 泰彦 足立 伊佐雄 川上 純一

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.15-22, 2007-01-10

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1 3

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To improve the drug information service and standardize pharmaceutical care for inpatients of the Department of Japanese Oriental Medicine, Toyama University Hospital, we created a Kampo (Oriental) medicine database and used it in the preparation of medication instruction sheets. The database was configured on a Power Mac G4 (Apple Computer, Inc.; Cupertino, CA, USA) personal computer operating on Mac OS 10.4 using FileMaker Pro 6 database software. The database comprised 5 interlinked files-patient registration file, constituent crude drug registration file, Kampo formula registration file, and a file for the making and storing of instruction sheets. Information on 239 crude drugs and 560 Kampo formulae obtained from our "Hospital Manual for Japanese Oriental Medicine" was recorded in the database. Further, color photographs of the plants from which the herbal medicines were derived and other natural medicines were included in the instruction sheets to give patients a better understanding of Kampo pharmacotherapy. The database has made it easy to prepare personalized instruction sheets, which can be done by only entering the patient's ID and the Kampo formulae prescribed or crude drug name. In addition, the medication instructions for each inpatient and the indication(s) of prescribed Kampo formulae have been recorded in the database for later use in the management of inpatient histories and to provide utilization statistics for Kampo medicines. When a questionnaire survey of inpatients of the Department of Japanese Oriental Medicine was carried out to evaluate the usefulness of the medication instruction sheets prepared using the database, it was found that they gave patients a better understanding of Kampo pharmacotherapy and made them more interested in it. In conclusion, our database system will help improve the drug information service and quality of pharmaceutical care for inpatients treated with Kampo formulae prepared from crude drugs.

著者

安永 祖堂

出版者

禪學研究會

雑誌

禪學研究 = Studies in Zen Buddhism = The "Zengaku kenkyū" (ISSN:03878074)

巻号頁・発行日

no.95, pp.1-23, 2017-03

著者

安永 祖堂

出版者

禪學研究會

雑誌

禪學研究 = Studies in Zen Buddhism = The "Zengaku kenkyū" (ISSN:03878074)

巻号頁・発行日

no.95, pp.1-23, 2017-03

著者

周東 美材

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.262-280, 2008-09-30 (Released:2010-04-01)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 1

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本稿は,1918年創刊の雑誌『赤い鳥』に所収された童謡を対象として,メディア論の視座から考察し,近代日本における「声」の文化の一端を描き出すものである.童謡は,初期の『赤い鳥』において音楽としてではなく,詩として創作されていた.童謡が文字で表現されながら歌謡として成立しえたのは,それが読者によって声に出して読まれ,自由な節を付けられていたためであった.童謡を歌うという営みは,伝統的な社会において歌われ伝承されていたわらべうたを,詩という複製技術を手段にすることによって復興させようとする北原白秋らの論理に支えられていた.童謡からみてとれるのは,近代において声の文化なるものを想像するときに逃れることのできない文字の位相である.声と文字は,それぞれ自律したシステムとして存在するのではなく,むしろ一方の内に他方が潜み,相互に重なり合うような関係にある.声と文字とは技術的な媒介や当該社会における実践や想像力など,多様な要因によってさまざまに分節される.とりわけ印刷技術は,近代社会において声の文化の形成の重要な一要素となる.本稿は童謡の検討を通じて,文字や声の文化の関係を一義的に決定する要因としてメディアを捉えるのではなく,声や文字を新たに関係付ける再編の契機として,さらに多様な文化を生み出す生成の契機としてメディアを捉え直す.

著者

菊池 せつ子 Setsuko KIKUCHI

出版者

武蔵丘短期大学

雑誌

武蔵丘短期大学紀要 (ISSN:13413120)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.1-11, 2006-03-31

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An Ideal Husband, one of Oscar Wilde's four 'comedies of manners' was completed early in 1894 and marks a clear advance in Wilde's career as a dramatist. This drama deals with the past fault, the selling of confidential state information, committed by a young man who is now, as Sir Robert Chiltern, an ambitious and wealthy government minister with an adoring, upright wife, Gertrude and a dazzling career before him. In the meantime, the beauty, but vulgar and Machiavellist, Mrs. Cheveley suddenly arrives from Vienna with a compromising letter to blackmail Chiltern into giving public support for an Argentina canal scheme which will secure her fortune. Lord Goring, Wilde's incarnation extricates Sir Robert from Mrs. Cheveley's clutch and persuades the puritanical Lady Chiltern to forgive her husband and allow him to continue in public life. The play concludes with a seat in the cabinet for Sir Robert, a declaration of love from Lady Chiltern. Robert becomes 'an ideal husband' for his wife. Wilde's major achievement is the creation of 'a dandy,' Lord Goring, whom he places on the pinnacle of the hierarchy of wit at London Society of hypocritical Victorian Age in the end of the 19th century. Goring functions as a commentator, an observer, a philosopher and a judge in the play. Morally, intellectually, and aesthetically superior, he stands, as Wilde describes him in immediate relation to modern life. Wilde through Lord Goring carries a critique of the vulgarity in public life, but gives the work a greater unity than he achieved in the previous comedies. Goring, who has 'mental dandyism' and the morality only through sacrifice, is matched in wit and style by Chiltern's sister, Mabel who learns to adopt a less puritanical code and can understand him. Eventually, the witty lovers, who are true dandies lead to a happy ending, an engagement in the play. Finally, Goring is 'an ideal husband' for Mabel.

著者

倉西 聡

出版者

早稲田大学国文学会

雑誌

国文学研究 (ISSN:03898636)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.101, pp.58-68, 1990-06-15

著者

前田 篤彦 杉山 公造 間瀬 健二

雑誌

情報処理学会研究報告ヒューマンコンピュータインタラクション(HCI)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2002, no.111, pp.41-48, 2002-11-23

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玩具が持つ豊かな世界をインタフェースに応用するための系統的なアプローチの一環として、ライツアウト、ルービック、クロックなどの"巡回パズル"を一般的に表す抽象モデルを作成し、新しい表現メディアを試作した。このジェネレータにより巡回パズルの多くのバリエーションを生成することを通して、メディア変換の得失についての知見をまとめた。また、置換パズルと巡回パズルへの適応結果に関し、全体的考察を行う。As a systematic approach to utilize toy worlds for human interfaces, "cyclic pullzes" such as Lights-out, Rubik's clock are expressed as an abstract model. Then, new media called graph media and sound media is devised for converting the puzzles on the media and a cyclic pullzes generator is developed. Merits and demerits in introducing the new medial obtained through generating variation of the pullzes are summarized.

著者

豊田副武 述

出版者

世界の日本社

巻号頁・発行日

1950

著者

平出 昌嗣

出版者

千葉大学教育学部

雑誌

千葉大学教育学部研究紀要 (ISSN:13482084)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, pp.207-212, 2011-03

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小説の理想として,リドゲイトとドロシアの結婚がある。なるほど,二人は別々の人生を生き,その結婚が描かれているわけではない。しかし,ドロシアにとってリドゲイトは,医療改革をしようとする理想への献身において彼女の理想の男性像であるし,またリドゲイトにとってもドロシアは,身を捨てて夫を助けようとする献身的な態度において理想の女性像である。実際二人は,最も苦しいときに相手の魂に触れ,深い心の交流を体験しており,精神的,象徴的な意味での夫婦となっている。しかし実際の物語では,どちらもその理想を体現しない利己的な相手と結婚することで挫折する。それは作者が,理想を受け入れない社会の現実を描きたかったからに他ならない。しかしながら,その理想の夫婦像は,労働者階級のガース夫妻に描かれている。そこには,人々のために働こうとする労働者の価値観こそが社会を支えるものとする作者の信念がある。The ideal in the novel is the marriage between Lydgate and Dorothea. It is not realized, to be sure, and they live their separate lives. But Lydgate is an ideal figure for Dorothea in his dedication to the medical innovation, while Dorothea is an ideal woman for Lydgate in her self-sacrificing devotion to her husband. They have communion at the nadir of their lives, which suggests that the two are man and wife in a spiritual or symbolic sense. Each of them, in reality, is frustrated in the novel, married to an egocentric partner who does not have an altruistic ideal. The author, depicting failures of marriages instead of the ideal marriage, intends to represent the reality of society that will not accept the ideal. The ideal marriage, however, is depicted in the Garths. In it is shown the author's belief that a worker's eager and sincere intention to work for people's happiness supports the society.

著者

永田 三六 塚本 寛

出版者

一般社団法人 日本農村医学会

雑誌

日本農村医学会雑誌 (ISSN:04682513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3-4, pp.117-127, 1965-05-01 (Released:2011-02-17)

参考文献数

4

著者

Aiko Mitsuzawa Hiroyuki Miyamoto Hiroshi Ueda

出版者

日本プランクトン学会、日本ベントス学会

雑誌

Plankton and Benthos Research (ISSN:18808247)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.115-122, 2017-05-30 (Released:2017-06-06)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

14

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Copepod nauplii are the primary food item for early-stage marine fish larvae, but their feeding selectivity on the nauplii of different copepod species has not been well studied. This study revealed feeding selectivity in the dominant preflexion larvae of three fishes Sebastiscus marmoratus, Sebastes sp. and Ammodytes japonicus in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan, in spring and winter. Copepod nauplii and eggs numerically constituted 80–91% of the prey items in their guts. Chesson’s preference index for the nauplii of various copepod species was positive for Calanus sinicus and Paracalanus parvus sensu lato, negative for Acartia omorii, and negative or neutral for Oithona similis. This result is probably attributable to the size and swimming behavior of the prey species. The preference index in A. japonicus larvae was not significantly different between the nauplii of different species, suggesting that the larvae are less selective than the other two fishes. The preference index for Calanus eggs was very high, especially in Sebastiscus marmoratus and Sebastes sp., and most of the eggs in the guts were shrunken, probably due to digestion. In terms of volume, C. sinicus nauplii and eggs in gut contents represented 36–72% of total copepod nauplii and >80% of total copepod eggs, respectively, because of high selectivity by fish larvae and their large individual volumes compared with the dominant copepods. This indicates that C. sinicus is the most important prey species for early fish larvae despite their low abundance in the environment.

著者

村松 吉晃 下田 昌利

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 (ISSN:21879761)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.851, pp.17-00158-17-00158, 2017 (Released:2017-07-25)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

3

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In this study, we propose a parameter-free optimization method of material orientation for a shell structure consisting of orthotropic materials. We consider the compliance as an objective function and minimize it under the state equation constraint. The material orientation distribution is the design variables to be determined. This optimum design problem is formulated as a distributed-parameter optimization problem, and the sensitivity function with respect to the orientation variation is theoretically derived based on the variational method. The optimum orientation variations are determined by the H1 gradient method with the Poisson's equation, where the sensitivity function is applied as the internal heat generation on the shell surface, a driving force to vary the orientation in order to reduce the objective function while maintaining the smooth material orientation distribution. The optimum and continuously distributed orientation variations are determined as the temperature distribution of this fictitious heat transfer analysis without design parameterization. The optimum design examples show that the optimum the material orientation for the minimum compliance can be effectively obtained with the proposed optimization method.

著者

釼地 邦秀 高橋 意智郎 ケンチ クニヒデ タカハシ イチロウ

雑誌

実践女子大学人間社会学部紀要

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.45-65, 2009-04-30