著者

伊藤 大雄

出版者

日本農業気象学会

雑誌

生物と気象 (ISSN:13465368)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.76-83, 2020 (Released:2020-07-10)

参考文献数

77

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Due to the enrichment of atmospheric CO2 concentration, the air temperature will rise by 3-6℃ and the amount of snowfall will change by the end of the 21st century in northern Tohoku district of Japan. The effect of these changes to the apple cultivation at present and in the future is reviewed. Due to the temperature increase, the date of flowering will advance at the rate 0.2 days year-1 until 2040, as is observed already at present. The advancement will continue until 2100 under RCP8.5 scenario, while it will slow down after 2040 and stop around 2080 under RCP4.5 scenario. Because the varietal difference in the flowering date will gradually increase, the insect pollination may become difficult at the end of this century. Harvesting date will advance and delay in early- and late-maturing varieties, respectively. Thus in late-maturing varieties, fruit weight may increase depending on the extension of fruit growth period. On the contrary, fruit storability will very likely reduce, and pigmentation will get worse especially in red-skin early-maturing varieties. Moreover, the risk of sunburn damage will increase, and the risk of late frost injury is also indicated to increase by several researchers. On the other hand, we can expect the reduction of snow damage because the amount of snowfall is generally predicted to decrease in the future, although such decreasing tendency is not detected in the past 50-100 years. Considering the conspicuous midday depression of photosynthesis observed in apple trees, they are now in serious sink-limited condition possibly due to the severe fruit thinning. Therefore, the fruit yield cultivated under high CO2 concentration will hardly increase, unless we alter the strength of thinning to improve the sink capacity of the tree.

著者

鵜飼 一彦

出版者

一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会

雑誌

映像情報メディア学会誌 (ISSN:13426907)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.1, pp.38-43, 2004-01-01 (Released:2011-03-14)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

田端 輝彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本数学教育学会

雑誌

日本数学教育学会誌 (ISSN:0021471X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.12, pp.3, 2003 (Released:2021-04-01)

著者

大林 真也 瀧川 裕貴

出版者

数理社会学会

雑誌

理論と方法 (ISSN:09131442)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.99-108, 2016 (Released:2016-08-06)

参考文献数

2

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今年で,数理社会学会は設立30周年を迎える.本稿では,これまで,数理社会学会機関誌『理論と方法』がどのような軌跡を辿ってきたのかを明らかにすることが目的である.そのために,『理論と方法』の1986年11月の通巻第1号から2015年11月の第58号までの記事を分析する.具体的には,この30年間で扱われてきたテーマ(内容)と方法についての特徴と変遷を明らかにする.分析にはトピックモデルを用いた.分析の結果,扱われているテーマも用いられている方法も大まかには2000年付近を境にトレンドが変化しているということが示唆された.また,テーマの変化と方法の変化は密接に関連していることも示唆された.

著者

神田 啓治 持木 幸一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本アイソトープ協会

雑誌

RADIOISOTOPES (ISSN:00338303)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.7, pp.413-422, 1993-07-15 (Released:2010-07-21)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

著者

山本 晃輔 曽我 千亜紀 Julien Menant

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.3, pp.187-190, 2021-02-15 (Released:2021-02-15)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

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We developed the Japanese version of the Game Engagement Questionnaire (GEQ). In the survey, 600 participants completed the GEQ, the Buzz-perry Aggression Questionnaire (BAQ) and the Dissociative Experience Scale-II (DES-II). Factor analysis verified the four-factor structure (absorption, immersion, flow, and presence) and demonstrated it to be an acceptable reliability (Cronbach’s α=.74–.86). The validity of the questionnaire was also confirmed by significant correlations of the total score between each subscale of the GEQ and the BAQ, or each subscale of the GEQ and the DES-II. The results indicated the acceptable validity and reliability of the questionnaire.

著者

坂本 二哉 大川 真一郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本循環器学会

雑誌

循環器専門医 (ISSN:09189599)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.45-65, 1996-03-25 (Released:2018-05-28)

参考文献数

26

著者

Manuel Ruiz-Garcia Esteban Payán Andrea Murillo Diana Alvarez

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.2, pp.115-127, 2006 (Released:2006-06-06)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

20 28

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The Colombian jaguar population is thought to contain two different subspecies, Panthera onca centralis and Panthera onca onca. The genetic structure of this population was evaluated using 12 microsatellite loci (n = 62 samples). In addition, 22 jaguar DNA samples from Guatemala, Paraguay, Perú, Bolivia, Venezuela and Brazil were analyzed for these microsatellite loci (n = 84 samples). The results of this study indicate six primary themes. First, the levels of gene diversity were very high. Second, the majority of the loci analyzed showed an absence of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, probably due to the Wahlund effect (= population subdivision). Third, several microsatellite loci showed significant heterogeneity between the two supposed subspecies in the country. Nevertheless, gene flow was present between them, and heterogeneity was relatively low, although the assignment analyses showed good classification of the jaguars studied into their respective subspecies. Fourth, the long-term historical effective population sizes were calculated through a maximum likelihood procedure for single and multi-step mutation models. Fifth, seven out of twelve DNA microsatellites studied significantly deviated from a single-step mutation model. However, the overall mean multi-step mutation percentage for these 12 DNA microsatellites was only 6%. Therefore, 94% of mutations were uni-step. Sixth, no bottleneck events were detected in the Colombian jaguar population overall.

著者

山口 二郎

出版者

日本行政学会

雑誌

年報行政研究 (ISSN:05481570)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2012, no.47, pp.2-20, 2012 (Released:2016-12-01)

著者

吉添 衛 服部 宏充 江間 有沙 大澤 博隆 神崎 宣次 久木田 水生 小川 祐樹

出版者

ヒューマンインタフェース学会

雑誌

ヒューマンインタフェース学会論文誌 (ISSN:13447262)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.4, pp.501-512, 2021-11-25 (Released:2021-11-25)

参考文献数

25

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We are now faced with the wall of the diversity of values. We are often required to consider or respect the values of other people though, it is not easy to sense them since we tend to think within our scope of knowledge, experience, and imagination. We have worked on how to exchange values and achieve a synergetic effect among people. In this paper, we are presenting our prototype system, called AIR-VAS, aiming to support becoming aware of values in group discussion. AIR-VAS has been developed as the system which recognizes characteristic opinions of a group and shares them among all engaging groups on the discussion. The recognized and shared opinion is based on the values of the people of the group. Through the sharing of opinion, people can know the different viewpoints on the issue of the current discussion, so that AIR-VAS can provide stimulation to people for idea generation. We have developed AIR-VAS on the approach that visualizing statements, which are presented during a discussion, as the word co-occurrence network. We implemented opinion sharing as the process of the network re-construction including presented sub-network as an opinion of a certain group. According to the experimental usage of the developed system, we analyzed the relationship between discussion and visualized information, and discuss what information gives awareness.

著者

灰田 信英

出版者

公益社団法人日本理学療法士協会

雑誌

理学療法学 (ISSN:02893770)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.94-97, 1994-03-31 (Released:2018-09-25)

被引用文献数

5

著者

清野 辰彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本数学教育学会

雑誌

日本数学教育学会誌 (ISSN:0021471X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.1, pp.11, 2004 (Released:2021-04-01)

著者

河上 麻由子

出版者

公益財団法人 史学会

雑誌

史学雑誌 (ISSN:00182478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.117, no.12, pp.2047-2082, 2008-12-20 (Released:2017-12-01)

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This article examines memorials (上表文) sent to the Southern dynasties that display a strong Buddhist influence. Its first chapter focuses on the analysis of the memorials sent to the Song and the Liang Dynasties from the Shizi 師子 Kingdom and the Tian-zhu-jia-pi-li 天竺迦〓黎 and Zhong-tian-zhu 中天竺 Kingdoms, which have been considered the same kingdom, but despite the common name Tian-zhu 天竺, they should not be regarded as the same. In addition, it is difficult to confirm that tribute sent in the name of the Shizi Kingdom in 527 was really sent by that kingdom. Chapter 2 discusses the circumstances under which the memorials sent to the Song and Nanqi Dynasties correspond to those sent to the Liang Dynasty and concludes that the former were composed by Buddhist monks who moved between the Nanhai 南海 Kingdoms and China, in such places as Funan 扶南. Moreover, the author argues that during the reign of Liang Dynasty Emperor Wu, correspondence was sent out expressing the emperor's wish to receive Buddhist-worded memorials, which forced neighboring kingdoms to consult older memorials preserved in a place presumably Funan. Given this background, Chapter 3 examines the relationship between the Southern dynasties and those kingdoms which sent Buddhist-influenced memorials, concluding that the traditional tribute relationship (册封 or 除授) was not formed between the Southern dynasties and those kingdoms, with only one exception during the Song era. This is because their memorials presumed a different relationship, between the Chinese emperor as bodhisattvas who provide guidance in popular worship and the kingdoms, as described in the Buddhist scripture about the relationship between Ashoka the Great and the kingdoms on his periphery. Within such a scenario, the traditional emperor-subject tribute relationship was considered inappropriate. Considering the situation of the Southern dynasties having to legitimize their existence in competition with the Northern dynasties, the author argues that the former, particularly the Liang dynasty, instituted a new form of diplomatic relationship based on Buddhism, which was now expected to play an international role as the guarantor of dynastic legitimacy.

著者

大崎 紀子 落合 龍史 時光 一郎 西條 一止

出版者

一般社団法人 日本温泉気候物理医学会

雑誌

日本温泉気候物理医学会雑誌 (ISSN:00290343)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.2, pp.91-96, 2000 (Released:2010-04-30)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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動的自律神経機能観察法により浴後40分後, 50分後の自律神経機能を評価した。結果, 人工炭酸泉浴は入浴前と比較し, 有意に交感神経関与度, 副交感神経関与度が亢進し, 水道水浴と比較しても有意に機能の亢進が認められた。

著者

So Yamane

出版者

The Japanese Association for South Asian Studies

雑誌

インターナショナル・ジャーナル・オブ・サウス・アジアン・スタディーズ (ISSN:24343005)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.18-32, 2021 (Released:2021-11-29)

参考文献数

38

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This paper focuses primarily on food imagery in nineteenth century printed Urdu literary works, and how it shows the uneasiness towards or accommodation of modern culture. A diverse selection of sources is examined, including memoirs of the Persianate Mughal Court and durbar in Lucknow, letters by Urdu poet Ghālib (1797-1869), religious opinions issued by the Deobandi school, and a novel by Nadhīr Aḥmad (1836-1912). These writings concerning courtly food culture give the impression of a strong nostalgia for a refined past and discomfiture regarding modernization. Although the sophisticated food culture described was only for nobles, it serves as a symbol of Indo-Muslim culture, allowing readers of the memoirs to share in the nostalgia. However, the literature also reveals a friction between the ‘traditional’ Muslim society and the new society brought by the British, as portrayed by the protagonist in Aḥmad’s novel. Crucially, matters of faith are shown as a source of uneasiness in these food writings, leading us to connect such checkered feelings with the development of religious consciousness among Indo-Muslims.

著者

伊藤 光彦 伊賀 富栄 佐藤 宣夫 鶴 敏彦 生田 勝之 堤 康彦 篁 一誠 白倉 克之 福田 真也 福土 広通

出版者

一般社団法人 日本心身医学会

雑誌

心身医学 (ISSN:03850307)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.Abs, pp.142, 1993-05-17 (Released:2017-08-01)

著者

北谷 亮輔 大畑 光司 澁田 紗央理

出版者

日本基礎理学療法学会

雑誌

日本基礎理学療法学雑誌 (ISSN:21860742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.29-37, 2013-03-27 (Released:2018-09-28)

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Limited range of motion at the ankle joint is one of the main causes of genu recurvatum. The purpose of this study was to clarify the kinematic and electromyographic changes induced by limited ankle joint motion during gait.Eleven healthy subjects (21.5 ± 0.8 years old) participated in this study. An ankle-foot orthosis was used to limit the ankle dorsiflexion (DF) motion from 0 to 20 degree. The gait analysis was performed at 2, 3, 4, and 5 km/h on a treadmill. The joint angles and electromyographic signals on the right side of the lower limb were measured during gait. In addition, the degree of heel elevation during the stance phase, which is a kinematic change caused by limited DF motion, was measured.The knee angle extended significantly as DF motion was limited, whereas it flexed significantly as gait speed increased during loading response and single-limb stance phase. Rectus femoris and vastus medialis muscle activities increased significantly with increased gait speed during the same phases. Heel elevation significantly increased with limited ankle motion and increased gait speed during the stance phase.These results suggest that genu recurvatum is influenced by gait speed. With changes in knee angle, quadriceps muscles become more activated to support the weight in the flexed knee position.

著者

AKIRA ENDO MASAO KURODA YOSHIO TSUJITA

出版者

JAPAN ANTIBIOTICS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION

雑誌

The Journal of Antibiotics (ISSN:00218820)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.12, pp.1346-1348, 1976 (Released:2006-04-12)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

375 726

著者

宇野 良子 橋本 康弘 岡 瑞起 李 明喜 荒牧 英治

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.3, pp.491-498, 2010 (Released:2011-03-08)

参考文献数

18

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In participatory design, not only the designer, but other people such as end users participate in the process of designing to satisfy as many people as possible with the final product. The problem is, however, that interaction among people does not necessarily lead to good results. In our project we aim to make a design that reflects many people's intentions without interaction among them. We use rich text data from the web and computationally analyze the data to extract the intentions of people concerning the design. In this paper, we propose what data to use and how to analyze the data from a cognitive linguistic point of view. The points are that (i) we should use texts which are written spontaneously (such as those found in micro-blogs) and (ii) we should analyze the tense markers and epistemic modalities of the texts to extract intentions. We also introduce in the paper our workshop held at a library in an art university. In this workshop, we have visualized the intentions of students on digital maps.

著者

岡部 泰廣

出版者

The Human Geographical Society of Japan

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.4, pp.378-387, 1979-08-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

3 1