著者

金谷 貢 渡辺 孝一 宮川 修

出版者

Japan Prosthodontic Society

雑誌

日本補綴歯科學會雜誌 = The journal of the Japan Prosthodontic Society (ISSN:03895386)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.227-237, 2001-04-10

被引用文献数

11 6

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目的: 本研究ではブリッジと有床義歯に関する教育, 研究および臨床の将来計画立案の-助とするために, 将来使用されるそれら補綴物数の推計を試みた.<BR>方法: 研究対象は65歳以上の高齢者および要援護高齢者とした. 将来における一人平均のブリツジ数と有床義歯数を歯科疾患実態調査報告をもとにした単純回帰分析より推定した. 回帰分析においては, 推定回帰線の交差および上限に対する補正を加えた. 推定された一人平均のブリッジ数, 有床義歯数, および将来推計人口から, 将来使用される補綴物数を予測した.<BR>結果: 高齢者が使用するブリッジと有床義歯の総数は, 今後20年間で2.0倍 (2.2~1.1倍, 95%信頼区間より算出) と1.5倍 (1.8~1.0倍) にそれぞれ増加し, その後10年間は両者ともにほぼ一定で推移すると推定された.ブリッジ数と有床義歯数の増加率はともに年齢階層が高くなるほど大きくなっていた. また, 要援護高齢者が必要とするブリッジと有床義歯の総数は, 今後25年間で2.7倍 (3.2~1.0倍) と1.8倍 (2.2~1.0倍) にそれぞれ増加すると推定された.<BR>結論: 以上より, 高齢者および要援護高齢者を対象としたブリッジあるいは有床義歯に関する教育, 研究および臨床はこれまで以上に必要性が増してくると考えられた.

著者

村田 全 Tamotsu Murata 桃山学院大学文学部

雑誌

総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY, BULLETIN OF RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:09187758)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.63-74, 1994-03-30

著者

山川 偉也

出版者

桃山学院大学

雑誌

国際文化論集 (ISSN:09170219)

巻号頁・発行日

no.39, pp.347-395, 2009-03-10

著者

田村 憲治

出版者

公益社団法人大気環境学会

雑誌

大気環境学会誌 (ISSN:13414178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.5, 2009-09-10

著者

Taru Masanori Kanda Takeshi Sunobe Tomoki

出版者

Ichthyological Society of Japan

雑誌

Ichthyological research formerly Japanese Journal of Ichthyology (ISSN:13418998)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.2, pp.198-201, 2005-05-25

被引用文献数

1

著者

道津 喜衛

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

九州大學農學部學藝雜誌 (ISSN:03686264)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.77-86, 1955-02

被引用文献数

1

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Gobius poecilichthys Jordan et Snyder (1902), a small goby, some 80mm in total length, is found in tide-pools on the rocky coast of Southern Japan. Though Tomiyama, I.(1936) regarded this species, together with Bathygobius soporator(Cuvier et Valencinnes) of the south western coast of U.S.A., as synonyms of Gobius fuscus Ruppell(1928), I treat here this Japanese form provisionallu as a distinct species from the forms of other districts, wishing to compare its life history with others(Fig.1). The spawning season extends from June to September at Tomioka in the Amakusa Islands, Kumamoto Pref., Kyushu. The spawning takes place in tide-pools. The eggs are attached in one layer to the under side of a stone lying in the pool. The male parent fish guards the eggs until they hatch out, staying in the breeding-room prepared by himself under the stone. The fertilized egg is club-shaped with a shallow depression circling near its end, 1.8mm in length and 0.35 mm in width. The incubation-period is about 65 hours at the water-temperature of 23~27℃. The egg resembles in general appearance to that of Bathygobius soporator described by Breder, C.M.(1943) with slight differences in shape of the egg-membrane, attitude of the embryo and the incubation-period(Fig.2, A~L). The goby could be induced to spawn in a table aquarium provided with vacant shells of Pinna pectinata japonica Reeve for egg-layer. The newly hatched larva is about 2.3mm in total length. The larvae 6~18mm in total length appear in the tide-pool from August to November at Tomioka, which already entered into bottom-life feeding on planctonic copepods. The fishes over 20mm in total length live a bottom-life in the tide-pool all year round, feeding on moluscs and crustacean. The life-span of the fish seems to be over 4 years(Fig.3).冨山一郎((1936)は,これ迄にアフリカ,紅海,印度洋,西南太平洋,ハワイ,濠洲北岸及び北米南西部等の各水域から採集された材料について,多くの著者によつて,夫々新種として報告されている.Gobius soporator Cuvier et Valenciennes, Gobius poecilichthys Jordan et Snyder 等の10種以上に上る類似のハゼを,総べてGobius fuscus Ruppell(1828)のSynonymとして,これにクモハゼという和名を附している.ここでは之等の種類の同異について論ずる事は出来ないが,筆者が熊本県及び鹿児島県から得た標本は総べてGobius poecilichthys Jordan et Snyder(1902, 模式標本は神奈川県三崎産)の記載とよく一致するので,こゝにはこの学名をクモハゼに用い,主として熊本県天草郡富岡町の海岸で1947年から1952年の間に行つた観察採集によつてここにクモハゼの生活史の概要を述べるが,Herre, A.W.(1927),Fowler, H.W.(1928),冨山 gobius soporator (Cuvier et Valencinnes)の産卵習性についてはBreder, C.M.(1943)の報告があり,これと注意して比較した.本研究に当り終始懇切なる御指導を賜わり,且つ現行の御校閲をお願した内田恵太郎教授並びに長期に亘る実験所の使用を御快諾下さり,また種々ご配慮を頂いた九大天草臨海実験所前所長相川広秋教授及び同所々員の方々,貴重な文献を拝借した松原喜代松博士,阿部宗明博士,並びに多数の貴重な標本を頂いた鹿児島大学今井貞彦助教授,当教室の大学院研究奨学生水戸敏の諸氏に深謝の意を表する.

著者

新井 良一 小林 弘

出版者

日本魚類学会

雑誌

魚類学雑誌 (ISSN:00215090)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.1-6, 1973-06-20 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

25

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日本産ハゼ科魚類13種類の核型をコルヒチン処理した魚の鰐と消化管で観察した.体細胞の染色体数は2n=40, 2n=44, 2n=46, 2n=48の4型で, 各染色体の形態については, (1) すべての染色体がsubtelocentrics もしくはacrocentricsのものと, (2) metacentrics, submetacentricsおよびsubtelocentricsもしくはacrocentricsからなるものとが観察された.(1) のグループに属するものは, アシシロハゼAboma lactipes (Hilgendorf), 2n=40, マハゼAcanthogobius flayimanus (Temminck et Schlegel), 2n=44, ヨシノボリRhinogobius bruneus (Temmincket Schlegel), 2n=44, カワヨシノボリRhinogobiusflumineus (Mizuno), 2n=44, アゴノ・ゼChasmichthysdolichognathus (Hilgendorf), 2n=44, アベハゼMugilogobius abei (Jordan et Snyder), 2n=46, クモハゼBathygobius fuscus (Rüppell), 2n=48の7種類で, (2) のグループに属するハゼは, キヌバリPterogbius elapoides (Günther), 2n=44, ミミズハゼLuciogobius guttatus Gill, 2n=44, ヌマチチブTridentiger obscurus brevispinis Katsuyama, Aralet Nakamura, 2n=44, シマハゼTridentiger trigonocephalus (Gill), 2n=44, ウキゴリChaenogobiusannularis Gill, 2n=44, トビハゼPeriophthalmuscantonensis (Osbeck), 2n=46の6種類であった.

著者

張 国勝 竹村 暘

出版者

長崎大学水産学部

雑誌

長崎大学水産学部研究報告 (ISSN:05471427)

巻号頁・発行日

no.66, pp.p21-30, 1989-10

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The acoustical behavior of Brown Goby Bathygobius fuscus was studied. The calls consisted of a pulse or a series of pulse sounds and grunt sounds. Those calls were lower in frequency and weak in power, because they had not special sound productive mechanism and any amplifier like swimbladder. Then, the effective area of pulse sound was limited in less than several ten centimetres in diameter and that of grunt sound was still smaller. The frequency of pulse sound emitting became high about sunrise and sunset, however, any remarkable tendency in diurnal change was not observed in grunt sound. They usually used the pulse sound for threat and grunt sound for courtship. Then, the pulse sound were heard through the year laying stress on July and August. On the other hand, the grunt sounds were heard only in reproductive season (June through September).

著者

明仁親王 目黒 勝介

出版者

日本魚類学会

雑誌

魚類学雑誌 (ISSN:00215090)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.p215-236, 1980-11

著者

伴野 潔 林 真二 田辺 賢二

出版者

園藝學會

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.15-25, 1985

被引用文献数

6 21

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ニホンナシの花芽形成の機構を探る目的で, 花芽の着きにくい品種'新水'及び着きやすい品種'豊水'を用いて, 新梢上における花芽形成と新梢の各部位における栄養成分並びに内生生長調節物質との関係について比較検討した.<br>1. '豊水'では6月30日にほぼ新梢生長が停止したのに対し, '新水'では'豊水'よりも20日遅れ7月20日に停止した.<br>2. '豊水'の腋芽では, 新梢生長停止後急速に節数が増加し, 花芽が分化•発達した. 一方, '新水'の腋芽では'豊水'よりも20日遅れて7月30日に花芽分化の徴候がみられたが, その後の分化•発達はほとんど認められなかった. また, 最終的な花芽形成率は'新水'で15.5%, '豊水'で79.0%であった.<br>3. 両品種の腋芽において, 全窒素含量にはほとんど差異は認められなかったが, 全糖含量, でんぷん含量及び C/N 率は'新水'の方が'豊水'よりも高く推移した.<br>4. '新水'の茎頂では'豊水'に比べ, 特に生長の盛んな時期にIAA含量及びジベレリン含量が高かった.<br>5. '豊水'の腋芽では, 生育期間を通して'新水'よりもジベレリン含量及びABA含量が低く, 逆にサイトカイニン含量が高かった.<br>以上の結果から, ニホンナシの花芽形成は芽において12枚のりん片が形成された後, 節数が急速に増加するかどうかによって決定されること, さらにこの過程には内生生長調節物質が密接に関連しており, そのうちでも特にジベレリンとサイトカイニンが重要な役割を果たすものと推察される.

著者

井原 奉明

出版者

昭和女子大学

雑誌

學苑 (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.846, pp.17-27, 2011-04-01

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Abstract In this paper, the author gives a detailed explanation to the concept of mono in Japanese language to clarify its essential significance. The notion covers so broad a conceptualized area; for instance, it means a particular thing, things in general, personal feeling, sacred things, the mysterious, the uncanny, the eerie and the unearthly, and so on. It seems there are such various meanings in the notion that it is difficult to see the abstract concept of mono, which should be highly comprehensive and essential. In the author's view, the hyper-categorial, abstract meaning can be made clear if we take the following two points into consideration; one is the diachronic notion of mono, and the other is the one within the phenomenological lived space of subjectivity. The abstract concept of mono is characterized as <dynamic mobility> and <otherness>, and the concept would have various meanings in the context of the phenomenological lived space, which is perceptually signified in the directions by the subject based upon the subject's body as center. When a Japanese speaker captures it in "front", it would mean an objective, definitely discreet thing. When they capture it in "back", it would signify a mysterious, horrible thing. "Side" is related to personal feeling/mood, and "above" is to the holy. The author also introduces other Japanese notions of omote, ura and kage, and clarifies why mono is captured as specific objective reality in "front", although its abstract concept is <dynamic mobility> and <otherness>.

著者

三上 俊治

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

新聞学評論 (ISSN:04886550)

巻号頁・発行日

no.35, pp.74-91, 292-291, 1986-04-30

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The theory of mass society was born in the nineteenth century in Europe and developed as a critical theory on modern industrialized society from a macroscopic viewpoint. The historical development of the theory can be devided into the following six phases : (1) "aristocratic" theories in the nineteenth century, (2) "democratic" criticism towards the totalitarian state in Germany and Italy after World War I, (3) critical theories on post World War II American society, (4) theoretical debate on the nature of "Mass Society" in 1950's Japan, (5) decline of the "Mass Society" theory and the rise of other new theories such as theories of the Post-Industrial Society, and (6) revival of the theories of "Mass Society" in 1980's Japan. Recent discussions on "Mass Society" can be viewed from two approaches. One is the theory of "the new middle mass" by Y.Murakami, and the other is the theory on "consumption culture" asserted by marketing practioners. According to Murakami, social class or stratification has become unstructured and the value system has changed drastically along with the rapid economic growth in the 1960's. This has resulted in the dominance of a "new middle mass" whose political attitude is generally conservative. Murakami's discussion neglects the manipulative aspect of media use and as a result shows a conservative bias. Proponents of the consumption culture approach focus on the rise of a new generation which prefers sensitivity to reason and tends to express themselves through differentiated lifestyles, resulting in diverse consuming behavior. Their discussion pays little attention to the negative aspects of consumption culture. Although these new "mass society" theories overestimate the structural change in contemporary matured mass society and underestimate the influence of mass media, we should learn much from them, because they might provide the basis for constructing the macroscopic structural model which explains the impact of media upon individuals and society.

著者

三上 俊治

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

新聞学評論 (ISSN:04886550)

巻号頁・発行日

no.35, pp.92-101, 1986-04-30

著者

後藤 文康

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

新聞学評論 (ISSN:04886550)

巻号頁・発行日

no.35, pp.120-131, 290-289, 1986-04-30

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In the late 1950s when Japan was runinng at full speed toward becoming an economic power, a new type of people began to emerge. They drastically changed the framework of the "masses" which until then referred to the "general working class, including labours and farmers." The masses situated in the lower part of the traditional pyramid-shaped society have come to occupy the central and major part of the present oval-shape society. The masses in this society were highly educated and shared almost equal health. Along with the emergence and expansion of the new "masses, " the newspaper was forced to change in order to arise their interest. The first noticeable change was the increase of news and information on home and community life, sports and leisure. It was then followed by an increase in international news items and the expansion of readers' columns. In this period, when the goal of average-people was to improve their standard of living in the same way that others were doing, the task for the newspaper was to understand and respond to such needs and to point out frictions and contradictions. Challenged to fulfill this task, newspapers, the national papers in particular, competed with each other in increasing their number of pages. It was then in the middle of the 1970s that the newspapers have again witnessed a change in the masses. In the so-called "mature" society, people were no longer easily satisfied with homogenized information. The word "bunshu(diverse and divided masses)" was even coined. The newspaper could no longer mass-produce standardaized news only. In order to meet diversified demands, newspapers then have chosen the strategy of multiple-option. Pages on specific topics like health and medical care were increased and separate editions which could be termed 'living journal' were issued. Newspapers from this stage, however, have become often puzzled by the "whimsical" masses who seemed to have become more inquisitive and curious. Protection and consideration for human rights and privacy are thus the biggest problems that newspapers face at present. Nevertheless, it is obvious that the masses, whether they undergo another change or not, will continue to be the key factor in the survival of the newspaper. This is so not only from the financial point of view but also in opinion formation. How should the newspaper fulfill its mission by not losing support from the masses? The author proposes the concept of "paternal journalism, " which entails : cool and mature judgement, broad viewpoint, generosity, self-restraint, rich knowledge, protection of the weak from the strong, and strength …all of which are required by the present-day masses to actualize what may be called the ideal journalism.

著者

黒川 貢三郎 鶴木 眞 谷藤 悦史 田中 愛治

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

新聞学評論 (ISSN:04886550)

巻号頁・発行日

no.39, pp.167-188, 1990-04-30

著者

坂井 廣 松山 千秋 南 正晴 竹澤 節雄

出版者

社団法人溶接学会

雑誌

溶接学会誌 (ISSN:00214787)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.7, pp.592-597, 1992-10-05

被引用文献数

2

著者

柳井 真知 藤谷 茂樹 渡邉 周子 中沢 恒太 林 宏行 若竹 春明 森澤 健一郎 平 泰彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本集中治療医学会

雑誌

日本集中治療医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13407988)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.39-44, 2012-01-01 (Released:2012-07-10)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1

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【目的】治療開始48時間後にテイコプラニン(teicoplanin, TEIC)の有効トラフ濃度を得るローディングとその安全性の検討。【方法】ICUのmethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)感染症およびその疑い患者を対象とした。48時間後の目標TEICトラフ濃度を15μg/ml前後と設定し,体重とクレアチニンクリアランス(creatinine clearance, CrCl)から1回投与量を決定できるノモグラムを用いて,1日2回2日間,計4回のローディングを施行した。【結果】73例の1回平均投与量は472.6±11.4 mg(8.2 mg/kg),総ローディング量1,890±251.8 mg,48時間後の平均トラフ濃度は17.1±5.8μg/mlであり,腎機能障害などの重篤な副作用は認めなかった。【結論】ノモグラムにより迅速にローディング量を決定でき,腎機能障害などの重篤な副作用を認めることなく安全かつ早期に治療有効トラフ濃度に到達可能である。

著者

人間文化研究機構国文学研究資料館 [編]

出版者

人間文化研究機構国文学研究資料館

巻号頁・発行日

2005

著者

鈴木 武雄

出版者

京都大学数理解析研究所

雑誌

数理解析研究所講究録 (ISSN:18802818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1546, pp.247-258, 2007-04

著者

高山 宏司

出版者

東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科

雑誌

倫理学紀要 (ISSN:09105891)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.121-142, 2008