著者
脇坂 真弥
出版者
宗教哲学会
雑誌
宗教哲学研究 (ISSN:02897105)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, pp.61-79, 2014-03-31 (Released:2019-08-08)

Simone Weil was deeply concerned about the change from classical to modern science in the early 1900s. Her concern was that the notion of truth and the mystery supporting it disappeared in this change. According to her, science involves the mystery, whereby our refusal of the world by regarding it mathematically leads, strangely, to its restitution to us like a windfall. Thus the world is given at the cost of an infinite error. Although this mystery is the source of science, classical science was unable to sustain it and thus sought to banish it from its content. Modern science arises from this mystery which barely remains in classical science. However, under the influence of quantum theory, modern science considers the world not as necessary but as probabilistic and ambiguous. When the world is probabilistic, the notion of error disappears. Thus, science as Weil understands it also disappears. She alleges that modern science is no longer science, since it places a high value on utility but ignores mystery and truth. This disappearance of mystery implies not so much the overconfidence of scientific technology as the false belief that human beings no longer have to know if there is anything beyond them.
著者
高野 繁男
出版者
神奈川大学
雑誌
人文学研究所報 (ISSN:02877082)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.37, pp.87-108, 2004-03

本論文は,資料『哲学字彙』初版(1881・明治14年)に収録されている全語彙をその造語要素である「語基」(Stem)に分解し,その語基のうち,新たに生成されたものを対象に,語基の生成法を明らかにし,その語基を再び語に戻すことで,語を構成するシステム,つまり和製漢語の造語法を追求する。また,この期に生成された語基のうち,現代語として活用されているものと,そうではなくすでに消滅(39.7%)し,訳し換えられているものがある。どのような語・語基が残り,どのような語・語基が消滅するのか。その語基の単位である漢字のレベル,語を構成する語法のレベルを基本に論じた。
著者
阿部 恒之 北村 英哉 原 塑
出版者
日本感情心理学会
雑誌
エモーション・スタディーズ (ISSN:21897425)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, no.Si, pp.31-41, 2021-03-22 (Released:2021-03-25)
参考文献数
8

This article is a modified record of “Philosophy and Psychology III: Contrastive approaches to the COVID-19 problems,” a public symposium held at the 84th annual convention of the Japanese Psychological Association on September 9, 2020 via webinar. Before this symposium, philosophers and psychologists joined and discussed emotions (2018) and justice (2019) to stimulate psychologists to have greater interest in and to devote more attention to philosophy. It had been noted that psychologists tend to be quite indifferent to philosophy despite the fact that historical origins of psychology as an established discipline can be traced back to philosophy and physiology. In the last symposium, we, two psychologists and a philosopher, discussed COVID-19 as a problem, particularly addressing topics of “freedom and publicness” and “the future of embodiment.” Through that discussion, results showed that philosophy and psychology can be complementary and productive for both.
著者
松田 太希
出版者
日本体育・スポーツ哲学会
雑誌
体育・スポーツ哲学研究 (ISSN:09155104)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.1, pp.23-35, 2016 (Released:2016-11-01)
参考文献数
61
被引用文献数
1 1

From now, we did not give much attention to issues of violence, especially corporal punishments. Osaka Sakuranomiya high school incident made us reflect on our attitude. Suzuki has presented a statement urging our self-purification. The statement fills out with the spirit urging our self-reflection. But, what on earth, how could we take notice of problems of violences include the corporal punishments. This doubt leads us to think about what research on violence should be. Violence has inherently hiding nature and wriggle in a invisible phase. research on violence of violence should take notice of this phase. Then, this paper stands on viewpoint of violent. This viewpoint is a position that grasping the bud connecting with violent phenomena in daily relations among players. The purpose of this paper is to describe how daily relations among players produce acts of violence among players standing on viewpoint of violent. Daily relations among players are made up by what called Freud identification. This is the mind bond is made up by playerʼs finding important similarity with each other in point of administration to their coaches. This identification notion leads us to Girard’s theory on violence. Freud’s identification and Girard’s mimetic desire explain the same situation in different order, and Girard describes the mimetic desire produce the triangle desire as opposing human relations. This relation will get worse by appearing a charismatic coach and producing the scarcity of desired object as the environment. In this situation, not only sudden violence and violent language but also bullying and brutal beating inflicted by a group will occur.
著者
菅 利恵 Suga Rie
出版者
三重大学人文学部文化学科
雑誌
人文論叢 = Bulletin of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences,Department of Humanities (ISSN:02897253)
巻号頁・発行日
no.33, pp.31-45, 2016

18世紀のドイツ語圏において、愛国的な言説が強化されたのはプロイセンがヨーロッパ諸国と戦った七年戦争(1756-1763)がきっかけであったとされる。それから約30年前後、つまりナポレオン戦争とともに国民意識が明確に形を結び始めるまでの過渡的な期間は、おもに通俗哲学や文学を媒体に、新しい愛国の観念を意識化し言語化する試みが徐々に活発化した時代であった。従来の研究において、この時期の愛国の言説に対しては「自由主義的で非政治的」という評価が再三下されている。本稿はそのような評価を再検討しつつ、当時のパトリオティズムの特徴を明らかにしようとするものである。啓蒙時代の愛国をめぐる言説の政治性を確認しながら、自由主義的なものがどのようにあらわれていたのかを示し、さらに、そこに潜んでいた問題性について考察する。まず、18世紀後半の愛国的な言説の基盤を見るために、雑誌や各種の協会活動を母体とする当時の市民的な公共圏の発展に注目し、そこに展開した言説の政治的な意義を押さえる。その上で、過渡的なパトリオティズムを代表するものとして、トマス・アプトの愛国的論説と、ゲッティンゲンに活動拠点を置く文芸サークル「ゲッティンゲン・ハイン同盟」で紡がれた愛国的な詩、またC.F.D.シューバルトやヘルダーの愛国的な言説に光を当てる。それらの言説が、さまざまな形で「自由」への希求を表現していたことを具体的に見た上で、それらに表現された「自由」の観念に潜む問題性を明らかにする。
著者
太田 雅子
出版者
日本科学哲学会
雑誌
科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.1, pp.45-54, 1999-05-15 (Released:2009-05-29)
参考文献数
9

Higher-level (mental, sociological and biological, etc.) entities are said to be supervenient on more basic, lower-level (physical, micro-level) entities, and there is a view that lower-level theories can completely and sufficiently explain higher-level events. But Harold Kincaid criticizes such a view. He does not deny that lower-level theories do explain something, but argues that they are only partial and incomplete, because they cannot refer to higher-level kinds which supervene on the relevant lower-level entities and answer important questions about causal laws. I will argue that the completeness or sufficiency of explanation is often evaluated interest-relatively, and, against Kincaid, that higher-level explanation cannot be sufficient without mentioning lower-level causal mechanism.
著者
宇京 頼三
出版者
三重大学
雑誌
人文論叢 : 三重大学人文学部文化学科研究紀要 (ISSN:02897253)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.21, pp.A1-A15, 2004-03-25

パウル・ツェランはルーマニア生れのユダヤ人で、二十世紀後半のドイツ語表記の最大の詩人として後半生をパリで送った。マルティン・ハイデガーは二十世紀の哲学・思想を代表する哲学者の一人である。詩「トートナウベルク」はツェランが南西ドイツのシュヴァルツヴァルトにあるハイデガーの山荘を訪れたあと、ハイデガーのナチズム加担をめぐって書かれたものである。本稿では、この詩「トートナウベルク」が二人にとって如何なる意味をもっていたかを主として、新資料である、ツェランと夫人のジゼル・ツェラン=レストランジュが交わした膨大な『書簡集』(フランス語版)に基づいて考察している。
著者
加藤 太喜子
出版者
日本医学哲学・倫理学会
雑誌
医学哲学 医学倫理 (ISSN:02896427)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, pp.33-41, 2013 (Released:2018-02-01)

Regulation for use of tissue of aborted human fetuses for research is enforced in countries and international organizations such as World Medical Association and the Council of Europe. For these parties, the use of fetal tissue is permissible when conditions prescribed by the guidelines are met. Common requirements for permissible use are ① approval by the Ethics Committee; ② determination of provision of fetal tissue after the decision of abortion; and ③ consent of the provider. Some guidelines require that the man is not rejecting, but there is also one guideline that accepts only the consent of the woman. In any guidance, the consent by woman is essential. From the perspective of systems of providing information, this paper presents a literature survey of the use of fetal tissue. It was found that ① daily, open exchange of views about provision of fetal tissue is not possible for women; ② women hope and want to know the intended use of the fetal tissue and the overall description of the research; ③ although information needed to grasp the overall idea of the research is sorely lacking, women may make decisions under pressure. On the basis of the results, people who are requested to provide information later are required to provide information that is satisfactory for decision making, instead of unsatisfactory information such as those labeled as“ being offered to know/not being offered to know”. For this reason, the current“ sufficient” explanation should be re-examined as to whether it is truly a satisfactory explanation.