著者
Wataru Endo Shigeyuki Sato Kenjiro Taura
出版者
Information Processing Society of Japan
雑誌
Journal of Information Processing (ISSN:18826652)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, pp.269-282, 2022 (Released:2022-03-15)
参考文献数
26
被引用文献数
1

User-level threading or task-parallel systems have been developed over decades to provide efficient and flexible threading features missing from kernel-level threading for both parallel and concurrent programming. Some of the existing state-of-the-art user-level threading libraries provide interfaces to customize the implementation of thread scheduling to adapt to different workloads from both applications and upper-level systems. However, most of them are typically built as huge sets of monolithic components which achieve customizability with additional costs via concrete C APIs. We have noticed that the zero-overhead abstraction of C++ is beneficial for assembling flexible user-level threading in a clearer manner. To demonstrate our ideas, we have implemented a new user-level threading library ComposableThreads which provides customizability while minimizing the interfacing costs. We show that the users can pick up, insert, or replace the individual classes of ComposableThreads for their own purposes. ComposableThreads offers several characteristic abstractions to build high-level constructs of user-level threading including suspended threads (one-shot continuations) and lock delegators. We evaluate both the customizability and performance of our runtime system through the microbenchmark and application results.
著者
菅沼 慎一郎
出版者
東京大学
巻号頁・発行日
2015

審査委員会委員 : (主査)東京大学教授 下山 晴彦, 東京大学教授 能智 正博, 東京大学教授 斎藤 兆史, 東京大学准教授 高橋 美保, 東京大学准教授 星野 崇宏

2 0 0 0 OA 官報

著者
大蔵省印刷局 [編]
出版者
日本マイクロ写真
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1912年11月28日, 1912-11-28
著者
高木 大 福田 諭 中丸 裕爾 犬山 征夫 間口 四郎 飯塚 桂司
出版者
Japanese Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and neck surgery
雑誌
日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報 (ISSN:00306622)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.104, no.6, pp.675-681, 2001-06-20 (Released:2010-10-22)
参考文献数
19

釧路地方におけるアレルギー性鼻炎患者についてCAP RASTの陽性率を検討した. また当地方の花粉の飛散状況もあわせて調査し, 札幌での報告と比較し, その地域特異性について検討した. 平成10年4月1日から平成12年3月31日までに市立釧路総合病院耳鼻咽喉科を受診した患者でアレルギー性鼻炎様症状を示し, CAPRASTを施行した結果, アレルギー性鼻炎の診断を下した107名を対象とした. また, 釧路地方でのシラカンバとイネ科花粉について飛散量を調査し, 札幌での飛散量と比較検討した. CAP RASTの結果は花粉類の陽性率ではオオアワガエリが22.4%と最も高く, 以下ハルガヤ17.7%, タンポポ15.0%, シラカンバ14.0%, ヨモギ12.1%, ハンノキ11.2%, ブタクサ8.4%の順であった. シラカンバ花粉の飛散量は釧路では5月下旬から6月上旬にかけて飛散のピークがみられた. 札幌では4月下旬から5月にかけて飛散がみられ, ピークは5月上旬頃であり, 釧路では約2週間程度ピークが遅れていた. また, シラカンバRAST陽性患者の初診月は6月が多く, 時期的にも一致していた. イネ科花粉の飛散時期は釧路地方では札幌に比し約1カ月遅れていた. 釧路地方の花粉症ではイネ科花粉症が最も多く, シラカンバがそれに次ぐ形になっており, シラカンバ花粉症が近年増加している札幌周辺とは若干異なった結果になった. これらの結果については釧路地方の気候等の地域的特徴が影響しているものと思われた.
著者
小泉 進次郎 小林 史明 村井 英樹
出版者
日経BP社
雑誌
日経ビジネス (ISSN:00290491)
巻号頁・発行日
no.1889, pp.28-32, 2017-05-01

小泉進次郎氏 2015年末に高齢者に3万円の臨時給付金を配る議論が持ち上がりました。予算総額で4000億円もの規模です。一方で、少子化対策には財源がないと言う。
著者
小川 祐輔
出版者
科学基礎論学会
雑誌
科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.2, pp.81-96, 2020 (Released:2020-04-11)
参考文献数
45

This paper discusses John McDowell's disjunctivism. Through the Argument from Illusion, many philosophers have accepted that subjectively indistinguishable perceptual experiences share an underlying mental state (a highest common factor). McDowell, by contrast, thinks of this conception of experience as problematic, developing disjunctivism, which claims that a veridical experience and a corresponding delusive one need not be taken as having a common state-even if they are indistinguishable from one another. However, his writings are difficult to read, so that his thought on disjunctivism, it seems, is still not properly understood or evaluated. Given that the validity of disjunctivism is an important topic in the philosophy of perception, and given that McDowell is one of the standard-bearers of the position, such a situation would be quite unsatisfactory. Therefore, in this paper I work on two things: namely, I try first to give an interpretation of his relevant thought, and then to reveal its significance.
著者
金谷 めぐみ 植田 浩司
出版者
西南女学院大学
雑誌
西南女学院大学紀要 (ISSN:13426354)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, pp.29-36, 2019

モーツァルト(W.A.Mozart, 1756-1791)の《声楽のためのソルフェージュSolfeggien für eine Singstimme K.393(385b)》(以下、《ソルフェージュ》)は、1782 年に作曲された。ユニヴァーサル社の楽譜《ソルフェージュと声楽練習Solfeggien und Gesangsübungen K.-V.393》には「ソルフェージュ1、-2、-3、- 断片、および声楽のための練習曲」の5 曲が収められている。スワロフスキー(Hans Swarowsky, 1899-1975)は、この楽譜の序文に「これらの《ソルフェージュ》にはモーツァルトのオペラの登場人物「コンスタンツェ(《後宮からの逃走 Die Entführung aus dem Serail K.384》)、コンテッサ(《フィガロの結婚 Le nozze di Figaro K.492》)、ドンナ・アンナおよびドンナ・エルヴィラ(《ドン・ジョヴァンニ Don Giovanni K.527》)、フィオルディリージおよびドラベッラ(《コシ・ファン・トゥッテ Così fan tutte K.588》)、夜の女王(《魔笛 Die Zauberflöte K.620》)を歌うのに必要なテクニックをすべて含んでいる」と記している(以下、原題を略)。冒頭のコンスタンツェが登場するジングシュピール《後宮からの逃走 K.384》は、《ソルフェージュ》と同じ年に作曲・初演された。 本論文では、モーツァルトのジングシュピール《後宮からの逃走 K.384》作曲の経緯およびコロラトゥーラの発展の歴史とコンスタンツェのアリアにおけるコロラトゥーラの劇的表現について記し、「ソルフェージュ1」の冒頭6 小節の声楽上の意義について文献学的考察を行った。
著者
Marín-Tello Carmen Zelada-Castillo Lorena Vásquez-Arqueros Alexander Vieira Amandio Siche Raúl
出版者
The United Graduate Schools of Agricultural Sciences, Japan
雑誌
Reviews in Agricultural Science (ISSN:2187090X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, pp.323-342, 2020 (Released:2020-12-06)
参考文献数
143
被引用文献数
3 13

The coffee shell or pulp is the first by-product obtained from the processing of coffee. It represents approximately 40 to 50% of the coffee berry’s weight. Currently, in much of the industry, it is a waste product with a major environmental impact on the water and soil, flora and fauna, and a problem to nearby populations in terms of odor and proliferation of insects and pathogenic microorganisms. This is a review that compiles alternative uses of coffee pulp in agriculture, food and nutrition, medicine and biotechnology. In food and agriculture, for example, the pulp can be used as organic fertilizer to improve degraded soils, in the biological control of plant pathogens, as food or substrate for microorganisms and worms, as feed for chickens, sheep, goats, fish and other animals, and in the productions of foods and beverages for human consumption. In biotechnology, coffee pulp can be used in the cultivation of edible fungi, production of enzymes, substrate for caffeine degrading microorganisms and for microorganisms that produce natural fungicides. Although many of these applications have been proposed and studied, there are also several novel uses that are in the early stages of development; for example, the use of pulp bioactive compounds to make food supplements, or to increase dietary fiber contents in foods and beverages, as well as for the production of biocontainers and biopackaging, alternatives to plastics and their serious environmental impact.
著者
西村 渡
出版者
熊本大学
雑誌
熊本地学会誌 (ISSN:03891631)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, pp.2-5, 1968-11
著者
松本 直樹
出版者
宗教哲学会
雑誌
宗教哲学研究 (ISSN:02897105)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, pp.44-57, 2017-03-31 (Released:2017-06-01)

Obwohl schon immer viele Sprüche und Redewendungen unsere Sterblichkeit zum Thema hatten, hören wir ihre Worte meist nur „mit halbem Ohr“. Indem ich mich auf die „existenziale Analyse des Todes“ in Sein und Zeit, dem fruheren Hauptwerk Heideggers, beziehe, versuche ich in diesem Aufsatz, deutlich zu machen, was es heißt, dass wir die Worte eigentlich hören.In Sein und Zeit bezeichnet Heidegger den Tod als „die eigenste, unbezügliche, gewisse und als solche unbestimmte, unüberholbare Möglichkeit des Daseins“. Die Bestimmungen „gewiss“ und „unbestimmt“ schöpft er aus unserer alltäglichen Rede: „man stirbt am Ende auch einmal“. Die Gewissheit des Todes geht mit der Unbestimmtheit seines Wann einher. In der üblichen Vorstellung können wir aber diese zwei Bestimmungen nicht im strengen Sinne für wahr halten. Also stellt hier die „existenziale“ Todesanalyse einen Versuch dar, im Hinblick auf die drei übrigen, direkt aus der formalen Existenzidee hergeleiteten Bestimmungen die Gewissheit und Unbestimmtheit des Todes daseinsmäßig verständlich zu machen.Die bekannte Unterscheidung zwischen „Ableben“ und „Sterben“ steht in demselben Zusammenhang. Ableben ist etwas Wirkliches, ein umweltlich vorkommendes Ereignis, mit dem wir alltäglich vertraut sind, demgegenuber besagt Sterben das „Sein zum Tode“, die Seinsweise, in der wir uns zu der besagten ausgezeichneten Möglichkeit des Daseins verhalten. Die Unterscheidung liefert erst die Voraussetzungen, um die Bestimmungen „gewiss“ und „unbestimmt“ angemessen zu verstehen und auf die Rede vom Tod überhaupt ernsthaft horen zu konnen.Dabei ist zu beachten: Die Analyse korrigiert nicht die Rede vom Tod und ihre Worte selbst, sondern modifiziert nur den Horizont (das Seinsverstandnis), mit dem die Rede gehört wird. Dort hören wir keine anderen richtigen Worte als früher, sondern gleichsam nur dieselben Worte in anderem Ton. Dieses „dieselben Worte in anderem Ton“ macht den Kern der heideggerschen Todesanalyse aus. Und gerade dieser Kern macht die Analyse selbst zu einem vorbildlichen Verfahren, die Rede vom Tod eigentlich zu horen.
著者
Noriko Shimasaki Hideaki Morikawa
出版者
Fuji Technology Press Ltd.
雑誌
Journal of Disaster Research (ISSN:18812473)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16, no.1, pp.61-69, 2021-01-30 (Released:2021-01-30)
参考文献数
49
被引用文献数
4

A new infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has spread rapidly worldwide in 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic in Japan can be viewed as an urban disaster because transmission of this respiratory disease tends to occur in densely populated areas. A scientific understanding of the pathogen itself, the cause of the disaster (infectious disease), as well as infection control measures, are important to implement robust and appropriate countermeasures. This review discribes the features, especially the modes of transmission, of COVID-19 and the principles by which infection control is possible using one of the most effective infection control measures – personal protective equipment (PPE). Because COVID-19 is often transmitted to others by asymptomatic individuals through droplets, even those who are unaware of their infection should wear masks to prevent the spread of droplets that may contain the virus and effectively control the spread of disease. However, given the worldwide competition for masks and the urgent requirement of effective controls, it is necessary to conduct further research to establish a system that can supply adequate numbers of masks to regions where many people are infected in the country, with no shortage of masks, in order to make the country more resilient to disasters caused by infectious diseases in the future.
著者
山田 和彦
出版者
一般社団法人 日本臓器保存生物医学会
雑誌
Organ Biology (ISSN:13405152)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, no.1, pp.59-70, 2011-06-10 (Released:2014-11-26)
参考文献数
14
被引用文献数
1

The shortage of donors for organ transplantation continues to be a health care crisis. Recently the techniques for reprogramming of adult cells by gene transduction to produce pluriopotent stem cells (iPS) have increased interest in the possibility of tissue regeneration with minimal ethical issues.However, there is no report demonstrating normal functional capacity of solid organs utilizing either reprogramming or regenerative technology. Thus, these technologies will need much further development to reach a preclinical stage for solid organ replacement. Therefore, I believe that donor organs from other species,?xenotransplantation?remains at the forefront of the search for a solution to the organ shortage.Overcoming both antibody-mediated and cellular-mediated immunity are of particular importance to the success of xenotransplantation. The pig is generally considered the most suitable donor species for xenotransplantation. The major obstacle preventing the successful transplantation of porcine organs into primates was the existence of natural antibodies against a terminal saccharide epitope, galactose-a1,3-galactose(Gal), produced by a1,3-galactosyltransferase(GalT). Recently, we have eliminated this barrier through our new breed of a-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockoutWhile GalT-KOgrafts did not undergo hyperacute rejection, additional strategies are required to overcome xenogeneic cellular rejection. Although titration of immunosuppressive drugs is generally manageable for allotransplantation, the amount of suppression required to avoid rejection of xenografts may lead to unacceptable level of susceptibility to infection. Thus, we have studied strategies to induce tolerance to xenogeneic organs. I have developed the innovative strategy to induce transplant tolerance by transplanting?vascularized donor thymus?. We have reported that cotransplantation of porcine thymus tissue as a vascularized graft can induce tolerance across full allogeneic barriers to kidneys and hearts in a miniature swine model. Using GalT-KOdonors, which eliminate humoral rejection by anti-Gal antibodies, a survival advantage was conferred by the vascularized porcine thymus graft, resulting in life-supporting renal xenograft survivals greater than80 days with normal creatinine levels in baboons which is the world longest-survival record of lifesupporting organs in pig-to-baboon models.More recently, I have started xenotransplantation projects, GalT-KOkidney, lung, and islets in Japan. I have developed a new strategy with hepatocyte growth factor(HGF), aimed at prolonging xenogeneic islet survival. Preliminary data in this pig to non-human primate model demonstrate euglycemia up to 2 months following porcine islet transplantation in an IDDM monkey.