著者
葛谷 健 青木 伸 一色 玄 奥山 牧夫 柿崎 正栄 門脇 孝 陣内 冨男 日比 逸郎 堀野 正治 松田 文子 宮村 敬
出版者
一般社団法人 日本糖尿病学会
雑誌
糖尿病 (ISSN:0021437X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.11, pp.1047-1063, 1987-11-30 (Released:2011-08-10)
参考文献数
21

The Adhoc Committee on Diabetic Twins was organized in the Japan Diabetes Society in 1984 to collect data on diabetic twins in Japan. During past 3 years, the Committee collected data on 87 pairs of twins, one or both of whom had diabetes mellitus or glucose intolerance. Among them, 63 were monozygotic and 24 were dizygotic twins. Probands, who are defined as those who developed diabetes or glucose intolerance earlier, included 21 patients with IDDM, 56 with NIDDM, one case with diabetes of unknown type, and 9 with borderline glucose intolerance. Physicians in charge of diabetic twins were asked to fill out a form for detailed informations and some additional examinations when necessary. These data were gathered and analyzed by the Committee. The Committee ended the term in 1987 after 3 year's activity, and reports on main results obtained so far.(1) Concordance rate for diabetes in monozygotic twins was 45%(5/11) in IDDM and 83%(38/46) in NIDDM cases. In dizygotic twins, concordance rate was 0%(0/10) in IDDM and 40 %(4/10) in NIDDM cases. It was significantly higher in NIDDM than in IDDM, and in monozygotic than in dizygotic twins.(2) Concordance rate was higher in patients with the onset of diabetes above the age of 20 years than in those whose age of onset was below 20 years.(3) The period of diacordance was not shorter in discordant pairs than in concordant pairs.(4) In IDDM cases, about 90% lived together at the onset of diabetes, while more than 80% of twins lived separately in NIDDM pairs at the time of onset. This was independent of zygosity and whether they are concordant or discordant for diabetes. It is probably due to the difference of the age of onset of IDDM and NIDDM.(5) The frequency of positive family history and the prevalence of diabetes in parents and siblings other than co-twins were higher in NIDDM than in IDDM cases, irrespective of whether they were concordant or discordant.(6) The presence or absence of various complications agreed in 68-97% of concordant diabetic pairs. There were a few pairs discordant for the severity of retinopathy. In these pairs the difference in the duration of diabetes or in the degree of hyperglycemia would explain the difference in severity of retinopathy.(7) Glucose tolerance test in 6 co-twins of discordant pairs of IDDM revealed that 4 had normal glucose tolerance and 4 had normal insulin response. In 8 co-twins of discordant pairs of NIDDM, normal glucose tolerance was found in only 2 cases and normal insulin response also in only 2 cases.(8) The thyroid autoantibodies were more frequently positive in IDDM than in NIDDM patients, and the positive and negative tests agreed well between monozygotic twin pairs irrespective of concordance for diabetes. Data on islet cell antibody and HLA antigens were obtained in too few twin pairs to draw any substantial conclusions. All of IDDM patients who were tested for HLA antigens had HLA DR 4.
著者
Takafumi Hirata Shuji Yamashita Mirai Ishida Toshihiro Suzuki
出版者
The Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan
雑誌
Mass Spectrometry (ISSN:2187137X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, no.1, pp.A0085, 2020-06-10 (Released:2020-06-12)
参考文献数
45
被引用文献数
12

We measured the Re/Os (185Re/188Os) and 187Os/188Os ratios from nanoparticles (NPs) using a multiple collector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer equipped with high-time resolution ion counters (HTR-MC-ICP-MS). Using the HTR-MC-ICP-MS system developed in this study, the simultaneous data acquisition of four isotopes was possible with a time resolution of up to 10 μs. This permits the quantitative analysis of four isotopes to be carried out from transient signals (e.g., <0.6 ms) emanating from the NPs. Iridium–Osmium NPs were produced from a naturally occurring Ir–Os alloy (ruthenosmiridium from Hokkaido, Japan; osmiridium from British Columbia, Canada; iridosmine from the Urals region of Russia) through a laser ablation technique, and the resulting nanoparticles were collected by bubbling water through a suspension. The 187Os/188Os ratios for individual NPs varied significantly, mainly due to the counting statistics of the 187Os and 188Os signals. Despite the large variation in the measured ratios, the resulting 187Os/188Os ratios for three Ir–Os bearing minerals, were 0.121±0.013 for Hokkaido, 0.110±0.012 for British Columbia, and 0.122±0.020 for the Urals, and these values were in agreement with the ratios obtained by the conventional laser ablation-MC-ICP-MS technique. The data obtained here provides a clear demonstration that the HTR-MC-ICP-MS technique can become a powerful tool for monitoring elemental and isotope ratios from NPs of multiple components.
著者
橘外男 著
出版者
春秋社
巻号頁・発行日
1938
著者
中村 眞理子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
雑誌
作業療法 (ISSN:02894920)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.4, pp.383, 2019-08-15 (Released:2019-08-15)

格言,諺の類には,一般的に認識されている意味合いが真意と正反対であったりすることが,しばしばある.「弘法筆を選ばず」という言葉.「弘法」とは,平安時代初期の書の名人である弘法大師のことで,今から1,200年以上前の平安時代初期に,真言宗を開いた空海を指している.
著者
竹井 沙織 小長井 晶子 御代田 桜子 TAKEI Saori KONAGAI Akiko MIYOTA Sakurako
出版者
名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科
雑誌
名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科紀要. 教育科学 (ISSN:13460307)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.2, pp.85-95, 2019-03-31

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the dilemma of guaranteeing both “learning” and a “place of belonging” in a study support project, taking into consideration the logic of “education” and the logic of “inactivity.” This research illustrates what aspects of “learning” and a “place of belonging” were present in the project in X City. The findings of this study are as follows; The aim of the study support project in X City included support for study as well as an emphasis on creating a “place of belonging.” The logic of “education” and the logic of “inactivity” crossed intentions of supporting for “learning” and “place of belonging” in the project. Program supporters struggled to address the gap between the two logic behind their behavior. For example, where a child is guaranteed a “place of belonging,” the logic of “inactivity” prevailed. However, since the program was a study support project, an emphasis on learning suggests the importance of study, motivation, and empowerment. Consequently, supporters felt conflict between the logic behind desiring to promote “education” and that of allowing “inactivity.” How to address the underlying logical conflict between the logic of “education” and the logic of “inactivity” suggests the need to set goals that include “learning” and “place of belonging.”
著者
日高 高徳
出版者
医学書院
巻号頁・発行日
pp.48-52, 2019-04-10

summaryAryl hydrocarbon receptor(AHR)は大気汚染物質や皮膚常在菌などに含まれる化学物質をリガンドとして認識し,それらを代謝する酵素を誘導する受容体型転写因子であるが,近年アトピー性皮膚炎に関連する遺伝子群の発現も制御していることが報告された.具体的には,表皮におけるAHRの活性化はフィラグリンをはじめとするバリア機能分子の発現を増強させ,TSLPやIL-33などのアトピー性皮膚炎に関連する上皮産生性サイトカインを発現し,更に神経伸長因子ARTEMINの誘導により表皮内への瘙痒伝達性の神経伸長を引き起こすことでかゆみ過敏状態につながることが示された.表皮におけるAHR活性の調節はアトピー性皮膚炎の病態改善につながることが期待されるが,AHRリガンドTapinarofを含有する外用薬がPhase Ⅱ studyを終えて,アトピー性皮膚炎に対して奏効することが示された.
著者
芦田 均
出版者
神戸大学
雑誌
基盤研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2013-04-01

アリール炭化水素受容体(AhR)のアンタゴニストとして作用するポリフェノールの機能を調べた。その結果、(1)ルテオリン、ケンフェロール、クルクミン、ならびにプロシアニジンが、TCDDによるAhRを介した薬物代謝系酵素の誘導を抑制すること、(2)ルテオリンがTCDDによる脂肪細胞の分化抑制をキャンセルすること、(3) ルテオリン、ケンフェロール、ならびにクルクミンが肝細胞や脂肪細胞に取り込まれてAhRを介した作用を調節すること、 (4)カルコンがAhRの形質転換を抑制することを見出した。以上の結果から、AhRを介したTCDDの作用に対して、ポリフェノールは多面的に抑制作用を示すことが判った。
著者
三島 郁
出版者
甲南女子大学
雑誌
甲南女子大学研究紀要. 文学・文化編 = Studies in Literature and Culture (ISSN:1347121X)
巻号頁・発行日
no.42, pp.83-91, 2006-03-18

The revival of J. S. Bach's "Matthauspassion" in 1829 in Leipzig under the direction of Mendelssohn, is regarded as a monumental festivity; the work had been performed under Bach's own direction just one hundred years earlier. But also in Kassel, the "Matthauspassion" was five times performed on the initiative of the Kapellmeister there, Louis Spohr (1784-1859), in spite of repeated reactionary pressure by the Court. Analyzing and examining Spohr's ideas about early music and the activities of the most elite choral society in Kassel, the "Cacilienverein", which was directed by Spohr himself, we can see that the revival of the "Matthaus" was not a mere musico-historical event. In other words, looking at the repertoire of the "Cacilienverein" and early-music elements in Spohr's "Messe" (Op. 54, 1821), it turns out that they learned early music under the influence of historicism and brought it into Spohr's works in various ways. Thus elite people were able to realize that they had gained an understanding of high culture by singing early music together.
著者
猪又 明日香 青木 順子 木村 有紀 昆 美也子 紫竹 美和子
出版者
獣医疫学会
雑誌
獣医疫学雑誌 (ISSN:13432583)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, no.2, pp.104-110, 2019-12-20 (Released:2020-07-01)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
1

This study aimed to investigate the recent prevalence of intestinal parasites and enteric bacterial pathogen (diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Yersinia sp., Campylobacter sp.) in companion animals in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. From May to December each of 2015 and 2016, fecal samples were collected from 136 dogs and 176 cats in Niigata public animal shelters and were examined parasitologically and bacteriologically in Niigata prefectural institute of public health and environmental sciences. Overall, the prevalence of intestinal parasites in dogs and cats were 3.7% and 42.0%, and of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli were 19.1% and 15.3%, respectively. In dogs, Spirometra erinaceieuropaei (2.9%), Pharyngostomum cordatum (0.7%), and Cytoisospora canis (0.7%) were detected of intestinal parasites. Eae positive E.coli (10.3%), astA positive E.coli (8.1%), Campylobacter sp. (1.5%), eae-astA positive E.coli (0.7%), and eae-astA-bfpA positive E.coli (0.7%) were detected of enteric bacterial pathogen. However, in cats, Toxocara cati was the most prevalent parasite species (31.3%), followed by S.erinaceieuropaei (10.2%), C.felis (6.3%), and Ancylostoma tubaeforme (5.7%). Eae positive E.coli (11.4%), astA positive E.coli (4.5%), eae-bfpA positive E.coli (1.1%), and eae-astA positive E.coli (0.6%) were detected of bacteria. Epidemiologically, it is suggested that parasitic infection is related to the condition of animals, such as captured, bred outdoors, and bred in large-scale. Although some Escherichia coli strains with virulence gene were isolated, these strains were possibly indigenous bacterium in dogs and cats. These data will be useful resources for the dissemination and awareness raising of public health about keeping animals. This study also suggests that research about zoonotic pathogens in shelter animals, sharing the role between shelters and laboratory, as for the former, specimen collection, the latter are examination, will be a useful model for surveillance of zoonotic diseases.
著者
福田 和維 小野 淳平 小方 孝
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会全国大会論文集
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2020, pp.3D1OS22a03, 2020

<p>筆者らは,物語のストーリー・深層の修辞的構造(物語言説)・表層的な表現を生成する,「統合物語生成システム」の開発を進めて来た.本研究では,この統合物語生成システムを用いて,「蘊蓄」―特定の対象や主題に関する詳細(で過剰)な知識内容―を生成する機構を提案する.具体的には,統合物語生成システムの主に名詞概念辞書中に,Wikipediaその他から個々の名詞概念に関する自動獲得された属性概念を格納し,システムによって生成された物語の合間に随時その属性情報を編集して埋め込むことで,ある対象や主題についての蘊蓄生成を可能とする.研究の焦点は,ある対象や主題に関連した属性情報の自動獲得及びその編集による利用方式である.今回は,対象・主題を歌舞伎とし,歌舞伎に関する蘊蓄生成機構の実装を試みる.</p>
著者
宮武 慶之
雑誌
人文 (ISSN:18817920)
巻号頁・発行日
no.18, pp.235-246, 2020-03

江戸時代中期から後期にかけて江戸で活躍した道具商である竹本屋は三代にわたり五兵衛を名乗った。祖父五兵衛は『古画備考』の記述から従来、英一蝶(一六五二│一七二四)との関係が中心に述べられてきた。また父孤雲は川上不白(一七一六│一八〇七)の門人である。さらに子の五兵衛は松平不昧(一七五一│一八一八)の茶会記に登場し、また『雲州蔵帳』に所載される水指を取り次いでおり、茶の湯道具との関係も少ないない。さらに五兵衛は江戸時代後期にも活躍したことが知れ、江戸の鳥羽屋に出入りしたことが知られている。従来、竹本屋五兵衛は祖父が一蝶と親しくした点が触れられているに過ぎず、孤雲については井上如雪による『牡丹考』(一九九六)で紹介しているが、竹本屋の活動を明らかにしたものではない。 そこで本稿では『古画備考』の記述を起点として、竹本屋の三代にわたる活動を明らかにする。
著者
後藤 正 村瀬 治比古 池田 善郎
出版者
The Japanese Society of Agricultural Machinery and Food Engineers
雑誌
農業機械学会誌 (ISSN:02852543)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.2, pp.127-136, 1999-03-01 (Released:2010-04-30)
参考文献数
21
被引用文献数
1

日本緑茶 (煎茶) の製造工程における茶葉の水分予測を行うため, 近赤外分光分析法で得られた吸光度を主成分分析法により前処理し, 入力パターンベクトルを生成してニューラルネットワークにより予測する方法を検討した。3因子の主成分スコアを入力信号, 水分量を出力信号とする3-3-1階層型ニューラルネットワークPCA-ANNは, 検証試料に対する予測標準誤差と相関係数をそれぞれ1.547%w. b. と0.998とした。重回帰, 主成分回帰および部分最小自乗回帰に比較して, この予測標準誤差は30~73%に改善され, 検証結果は良好であった。近赤外域吸光度の多重共線性の問題を解決し, かつ非線形関係を表すことのできる主成分分析・ニューラルネットワーク (PCA-ANN) 回帰モデルの有効性が明らかとなった。