著者

大平 和弘 上甫木 昭春

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.5, pp.491-496, 2011 (Released:2012-09-05)

参考文献数

29

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In this study, we identified bottom environments suitable for habitation by Vargula hilgendorfii, or the sea-firefly, whose habitat is the sea floor in shallow water, and environmental conditions which may affect habitation. The study areas included 70 points at 17 sandy areas off the eastern coast of Osaka Bay, where environmental degradation has been a concern. The quality of water and sediment on the sea floor was assessed, and the number of sea-fireflies inhabiting the locations was evaluated using bait-traps. The results showed that no or only a few sea-fireflies survive in the following places; places where salinity and dissolved oxygen were reduced due to nearby rivers, places where the bottom sediment was deoxidized due to artificial structures hindering tidal currents, and places where there was an accumulation of fine sand due to its drifting along rapid currents. The majority of the sea-fireflies live at limited locations in the center of Osaka Bay. Statistical analysis of a generalized linear model found the following conditions necessary for sea-firefly inhabitation; dissolved oxygen (explained deviance; 27.2%), oxidation-reduction potential (18.3%), salinity (12.8%), and mud content (7.3%).

著者

佐藤 菜穂子 山田 哲 水上 昌文 冨田 和秀 居村 茂幸

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

理学療法科学 (ISSN:13411667)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.5, pp.651-656, 2010 (Released:2010-11-25)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1 1

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〔目的〕ダンスパフォーマンスの上肢の『ウェーブ』動作に着目し,熟練者群,未熟練者群の運動特性と,身体スキルの言語化を対応させ,身体スキルを構成する因子を模索することを目的とした。〔対象〕ウェーブ動作熟練者群5名,未熟練者群9名の計14名とした。〔方法〕三次元動作解析装置と表面筋電図を用いてウェーブ動作を測定し,パーセント上下運動,ウェーブ伝播速度,パーセント角度変化,パーセントMVCを算出した。熟練者群にはコツを別途聴取した。〔結果〕熟練者群と未熟練者群を比較し,4つの運動特性が得られ,その中の2つが熟練者群のコツの言語表現とほぼ一致した。〔結語〕言語表現とほぼ一致する2つの運動特性は,身体スキルを構成する因子として捉えることができると考えられた。

著者

辻村 弘美 森 淑江 高田 恵子 宮越 幸代

出版者

北関東医学会

雑誌

北関東医学 (ISSN:13432826)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.51-58, 2009-02-01 (Released:2009-03-13)

参考文献数

13

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【背景・目的】 看護は各国の様々な背景や状態により異なると考えられる. 中国で活動した青年海外協力隊員の面接調査と国際協力機構への報告書を分析し, その差異を明らかにすることで, 国際看護協力における示唆を得る. 【対象と方法】 看護師隊員4名の報告書計20冊と本人への面接結果を対象とし, 日本の看護と異なる点を抽出した. 【結 果】 「臨地実習において学生が行う基本的な看護技術」の80項目中, 日本と異なる看護に関する記述は41項目で, 対象者全員が差異があると述べた看護は, 「創傷管理技術」, 「与薬の技術」, 「身の回りの援助は家族が行う」, 「看護記録」であった. 4名中3名が差異があると述べた看護は, 「膀胱内留置カテーテル法」, 「点滴静脈内注射・中心静脈栄養管理」, 「手洗い」などであった. 【結 論】 日本と中国の違いが示唆されたので, 中国での看護技術の教育や臨床での状況について把握していく.

著者

加藤 文男

出版者

日本魚類学会

雑誌

魚類学雑誌 (ISSN:00215090)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.4, pp.191-197, 1975-03-15 (Released:2011-02-23)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

2

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It was concluded that the salmonid fish found in Ise Bay, the Inland Sea, Tokai district, Kinki district, and Shikoku district (Figs.1-2, Table 1) is the sea-run form of“Amago”, Oncorhynchus rhodurus Jordan and McGregor which is widely distributed in the freshwater of southwestern Japan.It was shown that the sea-run form is morphologically different from the salmonid fish“Biwamasu”in Biwa Lake which has been considered to be conspecific with O.rhodurus.

著者

Takuji SUGIDACHI Masatomo FUJIWARA

出版者

(公社)日本気象学会

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.3, pp.323-336, 2013 (Released:2013-07-17)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1 3

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Comparisons of relative humidity (RH) measurements between the Meisei RS-06G radiosonde and a chilled-mirror hygrometer revealed that the RS-06G radiosonde shows a stepwise change of ~3% RH at 0°C (drying when air temperature is decreasing). This is due to a discontinuous correction factor in the processing software that compensates for the temperature dependence of the RH sensor. Results from chamber experiments regarding the temperature and RH dependence of RS-06G RH sensors under steady-state conditions showed a wet bias exceeding 7% RH below ~+10°C. As this result contradicted previous in-flight intercomparisons that used the original manufacturer's correction, we investigated a possible additional dry bias caused by a thermal lag in the RH sensor. We speculated that the thermal lag of the RH sensor typically causes a dry bias during a tropospheric ascent, which largely compensates for the wet bias related to the temperature and RH dependence of the RH sensor. We observed that the experimental results of the temperature and RH dependence considering the thermal lag were in agreement with the extrapolation of the original manufacturer's correction. Consequently, we proposed to extrapolate the original manufacturer's correction, which is currently applied at temperatures between −40°C and 0°C, up to +14.5°C to resolve the artificial stepwise change at 0°C. Because the RS-06G radiosonde is a successor to the Meisei RS-01G and RS2-91 radiosondes, which have adopted the same RH sensor material installed since July 1999 and have used the same processing software, the current results should be applied to the data obtained by those radiosondes. The bias of RS-06G RH measurements using this new correction is estimated to be within 7% RH, which is within the manufacturer's specifications, being drier at +40°C and wetter between −40°C and +10°C.

著者

出牛 真 柴田 清孝

出版者

気象庁気象研究所

雑誌

Papers in Meteorology and Geophysics (ISSN:0031126X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, pp.1-46, 2011 (Released:2011-05-31)

参考文献数

113

被引用文献数

11 70

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本論文では、気象研究所で新たに開発した全球化学気候モデル(気象研究所化学気候モデル バージョン2)について記述する。バージョン2(MRI-CCM2)は、バージョン1(MRI-CCM1)と同様のフレームワークをもち、地上から成層圏までのオゾンおよび他の大気微量成分の時空間濃度分布を計算するために必要な化学・物理プロセスをその相互作用とともに考慮している。詳細な対流圏化学過程を新たに組み込んだことで、対流圏と成層圏におけるオゾン化学過程をバージョン2では統一的に取り扱っている。バージョン2の化学モジュールにおいては、90の化学種・172の気相反応・59の光解離反応・16の不均一反応に加えて、改良されたセミ・ラグランジュスキームをもちいた格子スケールの輸送計算、サブ格子スケールの積雲鉛直輸送・乱流鉛直輸送、乾性・湿性沈着、さまざまな起源からの微量成分のエミッション、の各プロセスを取り扱っている。このバージョン2を用いて数値積分を11年間行い、1990年代の微量成分濃度分布の再現実験を行った。数値積分は、大気場の同化を行った場合と行わない場合の2通りについて行った。この数値積分結果においては、南半球極域の下部対流圏におけるオゾン濃度の過小評価および上部対流圏・下部成層圏の中高緯度における過大評価がみられるものの、中・下部対流圏におけるオゾン濃度の地理的な分布や季節変動はオゾンゾンデの観測とおおむね良く一致した。また、一酸化炭素(CO)・一酸化窒素(NO)・ヒドロキシルラジカル(OH)などの濃度分布の特徴もバージョン2は現実的に再現した。南半球高緯度においてCO濃度を約15ppbv過大評価したものの、バージョン2は観測されたCO濃度の季節変動をおおむね良く再現し、観測されたNO濃度の鉛直分布の特徴を捉え、またOHラジカルの濃度分布は最近の他の化学気候モデルが再現した濃度分布と同様の特徴を示した。

著者

八木 浩司 吉川 契子

出版者

THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.247-257, 1988-12-20 (Released:2010-04-30)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1

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西津軽沿岸地域は, 本邦における地殻変動の活発な東北日本弧内弧に位置する。この地域には6段以上の更新世海成段丘が発達しみごとな景観をなしている。本研究は西津軽沿岸地域に発達する完新世海成段丘の高度分布を述べ, さらに本地域の完新世地殻変動について考察した。結果は以下のようにまとめられる。(1) 西津軽沿岸地域には完新世の旧汀線が4段認められる。それらは上位よりLI面, LII面, BI面, BII面である。LI面とLII面は海成段丘, BI面およびBII面は隆起ベンチである。BII面は1704年に本地域南部岩館周辺で発生した地震, および, 1793年に北部の大戸瀬沖で発生した地震の際に離水した。(2) LI面の形成年代は, 放射性炭素年代測定で約6,000yr. B. P. を得た。LI面の発達高度は5~8mである。最大隆起速度は1.3mm/yrに及び本地域が本邦で最も隆起の激しい地域であることを示す。(3) 完新世段丘の隆起量の最も大きな地域は, 海岸線が桝形山地と白神山地を横切る所に位置し, またそこは更新世海成段丘の隆起量の激しい位置と一致する。各旧汀線の高度分布パターンは, 18世紀の地震で隆起した離水ベンチのそれとよく類似する。西津軽沿岸地域における完新世海成段丘の発達は, 更新世より続く桝形山地および白神山地の間欠的な地震隆起によるものと考えられる。

著者

中尾 裕介

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.5, pp.379-384, 2000-03-30 (Released:2011-07-19)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

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東アジア原産のツタは現在では西洋に広く普及している為, 西洋的なイメージを持つに至り, 日本的なイメージはやや希薄になっている。本稿では, ツタが日本では古来どのように観賞されてきたのかを明らかにすることにより, その来歴に応じた重層的な, 豊かなイメージの形成に資することを目的として, 古典和歌に詠まれたツタが, どの様な視点から観賞されているかを分析した。その結果, 植物自体の特性を観賞する視点, 他の植物と対比して観賞する視点, 植物の繁茂している場に関連した観賞の視点, 特定の土地と関連した観賞の視点という4つの類型について, 観賞の視点を明らかにすることが出来た。

著者

Asuka SUTO Masahiro YAMASAKI Yukari TAKASAKI Yasuyuki FUJITA Riichiro ABE Hiroshi SHIMIZU Hiroshi OHTA Mitsuyoshi TAKIGUCHI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0098, (Released:2013-07-16)

被引用文献数

2 7

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Due to the lack of a gold standard method in canine lipoprotein analysis, it is unclear whether canine high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) can be accurately evaluated by the lipoprotein analysis methods used for dogs. This study investigated whether the ultracentrifugation-precipitation (U-P) method was suitable as a gold standard method for analyzing canine lipoprotein. First, the U-P method was compared with a gel permeation high performance liquid chromatography system (GP-HPLC). The concentrations of canine HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) determined by the U-P method correlated closely with those determined by GP-HPLC. However, the canine HDL-C concentration determined by the U-P method was lower than that by GP-HPLC, and the canine LDL-C concentration by the U-P method was higher than that by GP-HPLC. This study showed that some of the canine HDL could be precipitated with heparin manganese chloride solution. Second, the [HDL] and [LDL] fractions separated by the U-P method were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The [HDL] fraction was found to contain only apolipoprotein A-I, which is an apolipoprotein of HDL, whereas the [LDL] fraction contained both apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein B-100, which is an apolipoprotein of LDL. This data showed that a certain lipoprotein that includes apolipoprotein A-I might precipitate with canine LDL by use of heparin manganese chloride solution. These results indicated that the U-P method is not currently a gold standard method for analyzing canine lipoproteins.

著者

Young-Woo PARK Man-Bok JEONG Eui-Ri LEE Yesran LEE Jae-Sang AHN Su-Hyun KIM Kangmoon SEO

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0174, (Released:2013-07-16)

被引用文献数

1 6

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Central corneal thickness (CCT) can be a promising source of glaucoma monitoring and diagnosis. This study evaluated changes to CCT according to experimental adjustment of intraocular pressure (IOP) in canine eyes. To adjust and measure IOP, each eye was cannulated with two 26-gauge needles under inhalant anesthesia. One needle was connected to a pressure transducer and the other to an adjustable bag of physiologic saline. IOP was stepwise increase from 10 mmHg to 70 mmHg in 10 mmHg increments (Group T). IOP was maintained at 15 mmHg (Group C15), 30 mmHg (Group C30), 45 mmHg (Group C45), 60 mmHg (Group C60) and 75 mmHg (Group C75) during the experiment. CCT was measured with an ultrasonic pachymeter every 10 mins after the cannulation. There was a significant difference in effect of the time on CCT (P<0.001) and difference in CCT (dCCT; P<0.001) between groups. The CCT of group C15 remained constant during the experiment. However, groups T showed an initial decrease and then an increase after passing a lowest point. Group C30 showed decreasing values for 30 mins, after which values remained constant. Group C45 was not changed for 40 min and then increased. Group C60 was not changed for 20 min and then increased. Group C75 showed a steady increase. In conclusion, the CCT showed two core changes according to increased IOP. This study provides essential basic data to enable further investigation into the association of IOP and CCT in dogs.

著者

小野 健吉

出版者

社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

造園雑誌 (ISSN:03877248)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.5, pp.13-17, 1986-03-31 (Released:2011-07-19)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

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小川治兵衞 (『植治』) は、明治中期から昭和初期にかけて、無隣庵 (山縣有朋別邸) をはじめとする数多くの別荘庭園を作庭した。そうした別荘庭園の代表的なものの一つである封龍山荘庭園について、『京華林泉帖』(明治42年)『日本美術と工芸』(明治45年) の記事などから作庭当初の構想、世評を考察した。その結果、借景、庭園の構成についての小川治兵衞の考え方及び本庭園の世評の高さが明らかになった。

著者

福原 茂朋 望月 直樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.130, no.11, pp.1413-1420, 2010 (Released:2010-11-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

3 3

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Endothelial cells lining blood vessels are in tight contact with each other, thereby maintaining vascular integrity. Compromising vascular integrity leads to an increase in vascular permeability, which is associated with chronic inflammation, edema, and tumor angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin is an endothelium-specific cell-cell adhesion molecule involved in endothelial barrier functions. We previously reported that cyclic AMP-elevating agonists such as prostaglandins and adrenomedullin potentiate VE-cadherin-dependent cell adhesion by inducing activation of Rap1 small GTPase through Epac. We further investigated the mechanism whereby Rap1 potentiates VE-cadherin-dependent cell adhesion, and found that Rap1 induces the formation of circumferential actin bundles along the cell-cell junctions. Although it has been believed that α-/β-catenins anchor cadherin to the actin cytoskeleton to stabilize cadherin at cell-cell junctions (classical model), Nelson's and Weis' groups have recently suggested a new dynamic model in which α-/β-catenins do not stably connect actin to cadherin. However, our study clearly indicated that the circumferential actin bundles anchor VE-cadherin to the cell-cell junctions through α-/β-catenins. Thus Rap1 potentiates endothelial cell-cell junctions through the mechanism based on the static model.

著者

Chun-Kai Huang Ka-Chun Siu Hen-Yu Lien Yun-Ju Lee Yang-Hua Lin

出版者

(公社)日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

Journal of Occupational Health (ISSN:13419145)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.12-0105-OA, (Released:2013-06-24)

被引用文献数

1 3

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Objectives: Pushing tasks are functional activities of daily living. However, shoulder complaints exist among workers exposed to regular pushing conditions. It is crucial to investigate the control of shoulder girdles during pushing tasks. The objective of the study was to demonstrate scapular muscle activities and motions on the dominant side during pushing tasks and the relationship between scapular kinematics and muscle activities in different pushing conditions. Methods: Thirty healthy adults were recruited to push a four-wheel cart in six pushing conditions. The electromyographic signals of the upper trapezius (UT) and serratus anterior (SA) muscles were recorded. A video-based system was used for measuring the movement of the shoulder girdle and scapular kinematics. Differences in scapular kinematics and muscle activities due to the effects of handle heights and weights of the cart were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with repeated measures. The relationships between scapular kinematics and muscle activities were examined by Pearson’s correlation coefficients. Results: The changes in upper trapezius and serratus anterior muscle activities increased significantly with increased pushing weights in the one-step pushing phase. The UT/SA ratio on the dominant side decreases significantly with increased handle heights in the one-step pushing phase. The changes in upward rotation, lateral slide and elevation of the scapula decreased with increased pushing loads in the trunk-forward pushing phase. Conclusions: This study indicated that increased pushing loads result in decreased motions of upward rotation, lateral slide and elevation of the scapula; decreased handle heights result in relatively increased activities of the serratus anterior muscles during pushing tasks.

著者

清水 達也 小林 昭男 宇多 高明 熊田 貴之 野志 保仁 芹沢 真澄

出版者

Japan Society of Civil Engineers

雑誌

海岸工学論文集 (ISSN:09167897)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, pp.691-695, 2007 (Released:2010-06-04)

参考文献数

7

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Topography of beach cusps and grain size sorting was observed at four coasts, as well as the observation of a backwash flow in a bay of a cusp. A movement of sea water flowing obliquely from the apex to the bay was observed, resulting in the generation of a backwash flow. On the basis of this observation, two pairs of sink and source were assumed and three-dimensional cusp topography was predicted, using the contour-line-change model considering the effect of grain size change by Kumada et al.(2005). The formation of a cusp and associated accumulation of coarse materials around the apex were well predicted.

著者

Sang Hyun Sung So Young Kang Ki Yong Lee Mi Jung Park Jeong Hun Kim Jong Hee Park Young Chul Kim Jinwoong Kim Young Choong Kim

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.125-127, 2002 (Released:2002-03-05)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

27 52

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In the course of screening natural products for anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, we found that a total methanolic extract of the underground parts of Caragana chamlague (Leguminosae) had significant inhibition towards AChE. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the total methanolic extract resulted in the isolation and identification of two active stilbene oligomers, (+)-α-viniferin (1) and kobophenol A (2). Both 1 and 2 inhibited AChE activity in a dose-dependent manner, and the IC50 values of 1 and 2 were 2.0 and 115.8 µM, respectively. The AChE inhibitory activity of 1 was specific, reversible and noncompetitive.

著者

大谷 精弥 小川 大助 正宗 仁

出版者

公益社団法人 化学工学会

雑誌

化学工学 (ISSN:03759253)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.12, pp.1267-1279, 1972-12-05 (Released:2010-10-07)

著者

真柄 浩

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.89-91, 1977-11-30 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

14

著者

HIROSHI OGATA MIDORI YATABE SHINGEN MISAKA YAYOI SHIKAMA SUGURU SATO MITSURU MUNAKATA JUNKO KIMURA

出版者

福島医学会

雑誌

FUKUSHIMA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE (ISSN:00162590)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.43-48, 2013 (Released:2013-07-10)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1

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We previously reported a case of pulmonary hypertension, where the symptoms were improved by oral L-arginine (arginine) administration. Arginine may increase nitric oxide (NO) production in the pulmonary artery. Exhaled NO may reflect pulmonary artery NO production. It has been demonstrated that exhaled NO concentration is higher in patients with allergic diseases, but whether oral arginine administration alters exhaled NO is unknown. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether oral arginine administration increases exhaled NO among healthy volunteers with and without a history of allergy.Eleven subjects were given a single oral dose (200 mg/kg) of arginine, and their plasma arginine concentrations and exhaled NO were measured up to 150 minutes. Baseline values of exhaled NO concentration were significantly higher in those with a history of allergy (56.4±20.3 ppb, n=5, P< 0.05) than those without (16.8±4.0 ppb, n=6). Oral arginine increased exhaled NO, which peaked at 60 minutes after the administration in those with a history of allergy (85.2±44.8 ppb, n=5). However, the increase in exhaled NO was not significant compared to the baseline values. In contrast, plasma arginine concentration was increased significantly by arginine administration (P< 0.01), regardless of an allergy history. These results suggested that the difference in exhaled NO concentration was not due to a difference in arginine absorption.Serum IgE level was significantly higher in the group with a history of allergy. Eosinophils and white blood cells were within normal range in all subjects. We conclude that oral arginine administration does not significantly increase exhaled NO, regardless of allergy history. However, as arginine administration has been reported to be effective in patients with pulmonary hypertension, it will be necessary to test exhaled NO in subjects with pulmonary hypertension in the future.

著者

千代 章一郎 光畑 勲

出版者

日本感性工学会

雑誌

日本感性工学会論文誌 (ISSN:18840833)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.113-120, 2012 (Released:2012-03-29)

参考文献数

12

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This paper aims to consider the environmental proposition regarding the change from the third grader to the fourth grader concerning life environments. The method can be categorized into two stages, the first being the conduction of the questionnaire and workshop, organized as follows “attempt to research”, “attempt to encode”, “attempt to survey”, “attempt to propose” and “attempt to criticize”, the second being the comparison of the tendency about the result data. According to the analysis, when a school year changes from the third into the fourth grader, the child tends to recognize the allover space similar to a bird's eye view and tends to estimate it objectively. However, there is no difference about icons' type in the proposal phase, and the five senses are maintained.