著者
吉田 紀生 丸山 豊 PHONGPHANPHANEE Saree 清田 泰臣 平田 文男
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.5, pp.222-225, 2011 (Released:2011-09-25)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
2 1

Recent progress in the theory of molecular recognition in biomolecules is reviewed, which has been made based on the statistical mechanics of liquids or the 3D-RISM/RISM theory. The molecular recognition of a ligand by the protein is realized by the 3D-distribution functions: if one finds some conspicuous peaks in the distribution of a ligand inside protein, then the ligand is regarded as “recognized” by the protein. 3D-distribution functions can be obtained by means of 3D-RISM/RISM theory. Some biochemical processes are investigated, which are intimately related to the molecular recognition of small ligands such as water, ions, and carbon monoxide by a protein.
著者
Tomoko YAMAMOTO Shigeru SUGIYAMA
出版者
Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry
雑誌
Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.74, no.2, pp.408-410, 2010-02-23 (Released:2010-02-23)
参考文献数
6
被引用文献数
3

A bow with horse tail hair is used to play the violin. New and worn-out bow hairs were observed by atomic force microscopy. The cuticles of the new bow hair were already damaged by bleach and delipidation, however the worn-out bow hairs were much more damaged and broken off by force, which relates to wearing out.
著者
佐藤 哲也 山西 芳裕 金久 實 藤 博幸
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.1, pp.004-011, 2007 (Released:2007-02-21)
参考文献数
6

A distance matrix is a set of genetic distances between all possible pairs of proteins under consideration, and is used to construct a phylogenetic tree by the distance matrix method. Pazos and Valencia (2001) have developed a method to predict protein-protein interaction by evaluating the similarity of the distance matrices, under the assumption that the phylogenetic trees of interacting proteins resemble each other through co-evolution. It is known, however, that the prediction includes many false positives. We postulated that the cause of the false positives is the background similarity of the phylogenetic relationship of the source organisms. We have developed a method to exclude such information from the distance matrices with a projection operator. The number of false positives was drastically reduced from the prediction by evaluating the similarity between the residuals after the projection operation.
著者
Nakashi SASANO Atsushi ENOMOTO Yoshio HOSOI Yosuke KATSUMURA Yoshihisa MATSUMOTO Kenshiro SHIRAISHI Kiyoshi MIYAGAWA Hiroshi IGAKI Keiichi NAKAGAWA
出版者
Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee
雑誌
Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.48, no.6, pp.495-503, 2007 (Released:2007-11-21)
参考文献数
58
被引用文献数
20

Edaravone, a clinical drug used widely for the treatment of acute cerebral infarction, is reported to scavenge free radicals. In the present study, we investigated the radioprotective effect of edaravone on X-ray-induced apoptosis in MOLT-4 cells. Apoptosis was determined by the dye exclusion test, Annexin V binding assay, cleavage of caspase, and DNA fragmentation. We found that edaravone significantly suppressed the X-ray-induced apoptosis. The amount of intracellular ROS production was determined by the chloromethyl-2',7'-dichlorodihydro-fluorescein diacetate system. We found that the intracellular ROS production by X-irradiation was completely suppressed by the addition of edaravone. The accumulation and phosphorylation of p53 and the expression of p21WAF1, a target protein of p53, which were induced by X-irradiation, were also suppressed by adding edaravone. We conclude that the free radical scavenger edaravone suppresses X-ray-induced apoptosis in MOLT-4 cells by inhibiting p53.
著者
宮村 会実佳 金田 健志 佐藤 泰史 重里 有三
出版者
一般社団法人 日本真空学会
雑誌
真空 (ISSN:05598516)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.6, pp.432-436, 2007 (Released:2008-01-01)
参考文献数
13

Photocatalytic activities of titanium dioxide (TiO2) films deposited by rf sputtering were investigated from view points of their internal stress. TiO2 films were deposited on fused quartz glass or 100 μm thick micro-sheet glass substrates at room temperature, 200 or 400°C under various total gas pressures (Ptot) of 0.3~5.0 Pa with oxygen flow ratio [O2/(O2+Ar)] of 60% using a Ti metal target. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated by photodecomposition of acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) under UV illumination (black light lamp, 0.4 mW/cm2). Compressive internal stress was estimated by cantilever method using the micro-sheet glass, which clearly decreased from -2.1 to -0.1 GPa with the increase in the Ptot from 0.3 to 3.0 Pa. The films with the compressive stress less than -0.5 GPa performed the photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, compressive or tensile stress was applied by external force on the TiO2 films deposited on the curved micro sheet glasses by flattening these substrates after the deposition. The photodecomposition activity of the films with the slight compressive stress improved clearly, whereas the one of the films with the tensile stress degraded.
著者
Kazunaga YAZAWA Katsumi SUGA Atsushi HONMA Miyuki SHIROSAKI Tomoyuki KOYAMA
出版者
Center for Academic Publications Japan
雑誌
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.1, pp.104-107, 2011 (Released:2011-04-22)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
18 29

The methanolic extract of seeds of the tropical fruit camu-camu was screened for its anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced paw edema model mice. The extract significantly suppressed both the formation of edema in mice by oral administration and the release of nitric oxide from macrophage-derived RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. Based on the results of a spectroscopic analysis, the active compound was identified by in vivo bioassay-guided fractionation to be 3β-hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid, betulinic acid, known as an anti-inflammatory triterpenoid. These findings suggest that camu-camu seed extract is a potentially useful material as a source of betulinic acid and as a functional food for prevention of immune-related diseases.
著者
大内田 貞郎
出版者
社団法人 日本印刷学会
雑誌
日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.45, no.4, pp.210-219, 2008 (Released:2010-12-15)
参考文献数
28

"Kirishitan's (Christian's) books" were printed by the printing machine that Jesuit Order of Priest brought in Japan. Some of the books were also published in Japanese. There were skillful Japanese artisans who joined the printing "Gozan (five mountains) books" for Zen's precept published by the temples of Buddhism in Kyoto area. They had a good works and important role to press the "Kirishitan's (Christian's) books". However, they pulled out of the work in 1594 because they had to print "Kobunkeikyo" books summarized old Chinese ethics and moral. The publication of "Kobunkeikyo" was ordered by the Emperor. It is supposed that students in Seminaryo that was a school established by Jesuit Order of Priest in Japan took over the printing of the "Kirishitan's (Christian's) books" from the artisans, and started the work in 1594
著者
梅澤 朝樹 寺沢 秀雄
出版者
一般社団法人 日本デザイン学会
雑誌
日本デザイン学会研究発表大会概要集 日本デザイン学会 第58回研究発表大会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.79, 2011 (Released:2011-06-15)

我々は自然原理を利用して「手渡し」を行う.例えば,ドロップの缶を振って相手の手の平にドロップを落とす「手渡し」は,重力を利用している.また,お菓子を卓上に滑らせて相手の手元に放る「手渡し」は,物体の直線運動を利用している. 自然原理を利用することは,「手渡し」の行為を単純化する事である.ドロップの例では,ドロップを1粒ずつ指で摘んで取り出す行為を省いている.お菓子の例では,椅子から降りて相手の元へ歩く行為を省いている.単純化された「手渡し」は,単一の目的を少ない手数で達成できると同時に,複数の目的も容易に達成できると言える. 一方,携帯端末の赤外線送信や,”iPhone”の”Bump”の場合,行為が単純化されておらず,手間がかかってしまう.このような情報送信のUIに自然原理を適用する事で,手間を省き,操作を単純化できると考えた. 本研究では,自然原理を利用した情報送信UIをデザインするために,自然原理を利用した「手渡し」を情報送信UIに適用させ,プロトタイプ作成を通じて,自然原理を利用した情報送信UIをデザインする際に配慮すべき要素を抽出する事を目的としている.
著者
Hajime Fukuyama Tadashi Ishida Hiromasa Tachibana Hiroaki Nakagawa Masahiro Iwasaku Mika Saigusa Hiroshige Yoshioka Machiko Arita Toru Hashimoto
出版者
The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
雑誌
Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.18, pp.1917-1922, 2011 (Released:2011-09-15)
参考文献数
22
被引用文献数
3 12

Objective Several scoring systems have been derived to identify patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Recently, España et al (Am J Respir Crit Care Med 174:1249-1256, 2006) developed a clinical prediction rule that predicts hospital mortality, the need for mechanical ventilation, and risk for septic shock. We assessed the performance of this rule and compared it with other published scoring systems. Methods A prospective study was conducted of patients with CAP who were hospitalized at our hospital from April 2007 till May 2009. Clinical and laboratory features at presentation were recorded and used in order to calculate España rule, the pneumonia severity index (PSI), CURB-65, A-DROP, the 2007 Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society (IDSA/ATS) prediction rule and SMART-COP. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were compared for adverse outcomes. We also assessed the association of the España rule criteria and adverse outcomes. Results A total of 505 patients were enrolled in the study. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 6.5%, and 6.3% of patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Sixty-two (12.3%) patients were defined as having severe CAP (in-hospital death or need for mechanical ventilation or septic shock). España rule achieved highest sensitivity and NPV in predicting severe CAP. When ICU admission was the outcome measure, the IDSA/ATS rule and SMART-COP were regarded to be good predictors. Conclusion España rule performed well in identifying patients with severe CAP. As a result, each of the severity scores has advantages and limitations for predicting adverse outcomes.
著者
Yu YAMAMOTO Kikuyasu NAKAMURA Manabu YAMADA Masaji MASE
出版者
公益社団法人 日本獣医学会
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.74, no.2, pp.205-208, 2012 (Released:2012-03-02)
参考文献数
28
被引用文献数
9 21

An experimental infection study was performed using pigeons reared for racing or meat production in Japan and clade 2.2 and 2.3.2 isolates of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus to evaluate the possible role of pigeons in virus transmission to poultry. In experiment 1, when 20 pigeons were intranasally inoculated with high or low viral doses, no inoculated pigeon exhibited clinical signs for 14 days. Drinking water and almost all swab samples were negative for virus isolation. Virus isolation was positive in 3 oral swab samples from 2 pigeons from day 2 through 4 postinoculation, but viral titers of positive samples were extremely low. Immunohistochemical analysis for virus detection was negative in all tissue samples. Along with seroconversion in a limited number of pigeons postinoculation, these results suggest that pigeons have limited susceptibility to the virus used for experimental infection. In experiment 2, when uninoculated chickens were housed with virus-inoculated pigeons, all pigeons and contact chickens survived for 14 days without exhibiting any clinical signs. According to serological analysis, the chickens did not exhibit seroconversion after close contact with inoculated pigeons. Our data suggest that the risk posed by pigeons with respect to the transmission of the H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus to poultry would be less than that for other susceptible avian species.
著者
盛多 亮 鬼沢 武久
出版者
日本知能情報ファジィ学会
雑誌
知能と情報 (ISSN:13477986)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.22, no.1, pp.121-134, 2010-02-15 (Released:2010-05-21)
参考文献数
8
被引用文献数
1 7

本論文では,動きを伴う文字の映像表現であるフレーズアニメーションを,形容詞・形容動詞を用いて生成する手法を提案し,その性能を評価する.提案手法は,印象推定,テンプレート動画選出,ユーザ評価による動画再構成の3パートで構成される.印象推定処理では,入力される形容詞・形容動詞の印象をフレーズアニメーションの印象因子で推定する.テンプレート動画選出処理では,推定された印象を表現するテンプレート動画をデータベースから選出し,ユーザに提示する.ユーザ評価による動画再構成処理では,提示される動画にユーザが評価を与え,評価に応じてフレーズアニメーションが再構成される.被験者実験によって提案手法の性能を検証し,ユーザが満足し,かつ鑑賞者が形容詞・形容動詞の印象を感じ取れるフレーズアニメーションが生成できていることを示す.
著者
杉浦 令人 和田 弘 櫻井 宏明 鬼頭 良介 合川 善浩 齋藤 有紀 角田 利彦 本谷 郁雄 朴 英浩 田村 亮介 緒方 真己 川原 有貴子 金田 嘉清
出版者
公益社団法人 日本理学療法士協会
雑誌
理学療法学Supplement Vol.36 Suppl. No.2 (第44回日本理学療法学術大会 抄録集)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.E3P1196, 2009 (Released:2009-04-25)

【目的】平成18年4月に介護保険法が改正された.中でも転倒予防への取り組みは重視されており全国2/3の自治体が地域高齢者を対象に転倒予防教室を実施している.しかし、それらの活動の効果は立証されておらず、さらに要介護高齢者の転倒予防効果はほとんど報告されていない.そこで、本研究の目的は要介護高齢者が行える『安全・楽しく・長く』を念頭に構成した集団リズム運動が心身機能にどのような効果をもたらすのかを検証することである.【対象】M県の通所サービスを利用している要支援1~要介護2の19名(平均年齢/79.9±7.0歳、男:女/7:12)を対象とした.次の項目の該当者は対象外とした.(1)独歩不可能(2)運動の説明が理解困難な認知症を有す(3)急速に進行中の進行性疾患、急性疾患や不安定な慢性疾患、6ヶ月以内の心筋梗塞や下肢骨折(4)ADLで介助を有す方である.対象者を無作為に2群に割付け、個別運動と集団リズム運動を行う群を介入群、個別運動のみを行う群を対照群とした.【方法】介入前と6週後に身長、体重、BMI、握力、膝伸展筋力、坐位体前屈、開眼片脚立位、Functional Reach Test(以下FRT)、Timed Up & Go Test、歩行能力、Profile of Mood States(以下POMS)、Falls Efficacy Scale(以下FES)の測定を行った.個別運動は中川らが考案した運動を採用した.体力測定の結果を基に5~6種類の運動を選択し個別プログラムを作成した.回数は運動毎に8~10回×2~3セット、頻度は週5回、期間は6週間とした.集団リズム運動は第1~3ステージより構成され、全て音楽に合わせて行った.第1ステージでは足踏み、支持面固定での重心移動、スクワット等を行った.第2ステージでは歌詞に合わせ運動を行った.第3ステージでは『1・2・3』と足踏みをし『3』の時、一歩足を出し、それを前後左右へと繰り返した.両運動の強度はBorgScale12~13とし微調整は重錘ベルトにて行った.各群の効果判定として介入前後における体力測定の結果を比較した.介入前後の両群間の比較、さらには体力測定の各項目において変化量を介入前の値で除した値を両群ともに算出しその割合を比較した.尚、本研究は当法人倫理審査委員会の承認を得た.【結果】各群の介入前後を比較したところ介入群では坐位体前屈、FRT、最大歩行速度にて有意な向上が認められた(p<0.05).FESでは有意差は認められなかったが向上傾向を示した.対照群では膝伸展筋力、POMS(T-A)にて有意な向上・改善が認められた(p<0.01).両群間の比較では介入前後ともにFRTにて有意差が認められた(p<0.01).両群間の変化量の比較では有意差は認められなかった.【考察】6週間の短期介入にて介入群では柔軟性、バランス、歩行能力の向上が認められ、また転倒恐怖心が減少傾向を示した.よって、今回提案した集団リズム運動は転倒予防への可能性が示唆された.対照群では下肢筋力の向上が認められ個別プログラムの有用性を再認識した.